Exam Notes
Exam Notes
Unit 1: Computer Fundamentals - Evolution of computers: From mechanical to modern digital
systems. - Basics: Functional components – Input Unit, Output Unit, CPU (Control Unit, ALU), and
Storage. - Booting: Process of loading OS into memory. - Operating System use: Directory listing,
hierarchical structure, file/folder operations (rename, delete, copy), application installation/removal.
- Internal storage encoding: ASCII, ISCII, UNICODE. - Memory types: Cache (L1, L2), Buffer, RAM
(DRAM, SDRAM, RDRAM, DDRAM), ROM (PROM, EPROM). - Access Time: Time to retrieve
data. - Registers: Accumulator, Instruction Register, Program Counter.
Unit 2: MS-Office
Word Processing: - Basic operations: Create, save, open, edit, find/replace, print. - Advanced:
Merge documents, formatting (character/paragraph), page layout. - Tools: Spell check, graphics,
tables, charts, templates, wizards.
Spreadsheet: - Basics: Create, save, edit workbook, insert/delete sheets, enter data/formulas,
copy/move cells. - Functions: Mathematical, Logical, Statistical, Text, Financial, Date/Time. -
Formatting: Alignment, number/date/currency formats, fonts, borders, colors. - Charts: Create,
preview, modify. - Integration: Word processor, spreadsheet, web pages.
Unit 3: Network Computing - WWW, web browsers, surfing internet, chatting. - Email: Basics,
usage, document handling. - Network definitions and terms: LAN, WAN, Node, Host, Workstation,
Bandwidth. - Network components: Servers, Clients, Communication media.
Unit 4: Introduction to Programming in C++ - Basics: Character set, tokens (identifiers, keywords,
constants, operators). - Structure: Include files, main function. - Header files: iostream.h, iomanip.h.
- I/O: cout, cin, <<, >>, endl, setw(), cascading operators. - Errors: Understanding error messages. -
Editor usage: Commands, compilation, linking, execution. - C I/O functions: gets(), puts() from
stdio.h.
Unit 5: Java Fundamentals - Programming paradigms: Types and styles. - Java: Definition,
purpose, platform independency, comparison with C/C++. - Industry role: Java programmer’s
importance. - Evolution & features of Java. - JVM, bytecode, JDK, JRE, JIT. - Basics: Data types,
operators, control statements, arrays, enhanced for-loop, enumerated types, C-style formatted I/O,
variable arguments.
