Solution

HHJ

Class 10 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
(c) 348
Explanation:
Here a = 5, and d = 7,
Therefore,
50th term an = a + (n - 1)d = (5 + 49 × 7) = 348.

2.
(c) 6
Explanation:
Given: a = 1, l = 11 and S n
= 36
n
∴ S
n
=
2
(a + l)

n
⇒36 = (1 + 11)
2

⇒72 = n × 12

⇒n = 6

3. (a) 3
Explanation:
3
4.
(c) Twice of
Explanation:
Let 1st term of A.P. be a and common difference be d.
Now, a9 = 0 ⇒ a + 8d = 0 ⇒ a = -8d ...(i)
Now, a29 = a + 28d = -8d + 28d ...(ii)
⇒ a29 = 20d
Also, a19 = a + 18d = -8d + 18d = 10d
⇒ 2 × a19 = 2 × 10d = 20d ...(iii)
From (ii) and (iii), we have
a29 = 2 a19

5.
(d) 3.5
Explanation:
Given: a = 3.5, d = 0 and n = 101, then
an = a + (n − 1) d

= 3.5 + (101 − 1) × 0 =
=3.5 + 0 = 3.5

6.
(d) 22
Explanation:
1
We have given the AP: – 3, − , 2, . . . 2

Here, a = - 3, d = a 2 − a1

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 −1 −1 −1+6
d= 2
− (−3) =
2
+ 3 =
2
=
5

2
and n = 11
We know that, an = a + (n – 1)d
Or, a11 = - 3 + (11 – 1)× 5

5
= - 3 + 10× 2

= -3 + 5 × 5
= - 3 + 25
a11 = 22

7.
(d) 10
Explanation:
AP can be written as
49, 46, 43...
a = 49, d = -3
n = 14
a14 = a + 13d
= 49 + 13(-3)
= 49 - 39
a14 = 10

14th term from last = 10

8.
–
(c) n√2
Explanation:
– –
a = √2, d = √2
an = a + (n - 1)d
– –
= √2 + (n - 1) √2
– – –
= √2 + √2n − √2
–
an = √2n

9. (a) p + 9q
Explanation:
By using an = a + (n - 1)d
a10 = p + (10 - 1) q
a10 = p + 9q

10.
(b) 4
Explanation:
Sum of n terms of an A.P = 3n2+n
and common difference (d) = 6
Let the first term be a, then
n 2
Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d] = 3n + n
2
n 2
⇒ [2a + (n − 1)6] = 3n + n
2

2 (3n+1)×2
2
2a + 6n − 6 = (3n + n) × = n
n n

⇒ 2a + 6n − 6 = (3n + 1)2 = 6n + 2

⇒ 2a = 6n + 2 − 6n + 6 = 8
8
a= = 4
2

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11.
−−−
(c) √162
Explanation:
−− −− −−
AP is √18, √50, √98
AP can be written as
– – –
3√2, 5√2, 7√2

Now,
–
a = 3√2
–
d = 2√2

a4 = a + 3d
– –
= 3√2 + 3 × 2√2
– –
= 3√2 + 6√2
–
a4 = 9√2
−−−
a4 = √162

12.
(c) 31
Explanation:
Let d be a common difference.
Then
a5 = c = a + 4d ... (i)
a2 = a + d = 7 ... (ii)
a4 = a + 3d = 23 ... (iii)
Solving eq. (ii) and (iii),
we get a = -1 and d = 8
∴ c = a + 4d

= -1 + 4 × 8 = 31

13. (a) 1
Explanation:
1
Given: am = n

⇒ a + (m - 1)d = 1

n
... (i)
And an = 1

⇒ a + (n - 1)d = 1

m
... (ii)
Subtracting eq. (ii) from eq. (i), we get,
(m - 1)d - (n - 1)d = − 1

n m
1

m−n
⇒ d(m - 1 - n + 1) = mn
m−n
⇒ d(m - n) = mn

⇒ d =
1

mn

Putting the value of d in eq. (i), we get

1 1
a + (m - 1) mn
=
n
m−1
⇒ a= 1

n
−
mn
= 1

mn

∴ amn = a + (mn - 1)d = mn

1
+ (mn − 1)
1

mn
= 1

mn
× mn =1

14.
(b) (n + 1) : n
Explanation:
Let a and d be the first term and common difference respectively of the given A.P.
Now, S1 = Sum of odd terms
⇒ S1 = a1 + a3 + a5 + ... + a2n+1
n+1
⇒ S1 = 2
{a1 + a2n+1}

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 n+1
⇒ S1 = 2
{a + a +(2n + 1 - 1)d}
⇒ S1 = (n + 1)(a + nd)
and, S2 = Sum of even terms
⇒ S2 = a2 + a4 + a6 + ... + a2n ⇒ S2 = n

2
[a2 + an2]
⇒ S2 = n

2
[(a + d) + {a + (2n - 1)d}]
⇒ S2 = n(a + nd)
∴ S1 : S2 = (n + 1) (a + nd) : n(a + nd) = (n + 1) : n

15. (a) – 2, – 4, – 6, – 8
Explanation:
First term, a = - 2
Second Term, d = - 2
a1 = a = - 2
a2 = a + d = - 2 + (- 2) = - 4 (using formula an = a + (n - 1)d)
similarly
a3 = - 6
a4 = - 8
so A.P is
- 2, - 4, - 6, - 8
16.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
We have, common difference of an AP
d = an - an - 1 is independent of n or constant.
So, A is false but R is true.

17. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
18.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
A is true but R is false.

19.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
Assertion: Even natural numbers divisible by 5 are 10, 20, 30, 40, ...
They form an A.P. with,
a = 10, d = 10
S100 = [2(10) + 99(10)] = 50500
100

So, reason is correct.

20.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

Section B

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21. We have, an = n2 + 1
Putting n = 1, 2 and 3, we get
a1 = 12 + 1 = 1 + 1 = 2

a2 = 22 + 1 = 4 + 1 = 5,

and a3 = 33 + 1 = 9 + 1 = 10

Thus, the first three terms of the sequence defined by an = n2 + 1 are 2, 5 and 10.
22. Given equation is a + b, (a + 1) + b, (a + 1) + (b + 1), (a + 2) + (b + 1), (a + 2) + (b + 2)
Here,
First term (a) = a + b
a1 = (a + 1) + b
a2 = (a + 1) + (b + 1)
Now, for the given to sequence to be an A.P,
Common difference (d) = a1 - a = a2 - a1
Here,
a1 - a = a + 1 + b - a - b = 1
Also,
a2 - a1 = a + 1 + b + 1 - a - 1 - b = 1
Since a1 - a = a2 - a1
Hence, the given sequence is an A.P and its common difference is d = 1
23. According to the question, we have
1st term = a and common difference = 3
∴ b = a + 3, c = a + 2(3) = a + 6

d = a + 3(3) = a + 9,
e = a + 4(3) = a + 12
Now, e - c = (a + 12) - (a + 6) = 6
24. The numbers lying between 10 and 300, which when divided by 4 leave a remainder 3 are
11, 15, 19............,299
This is an A.P. with a = 11, d = 4 and l = 299
Let the number of terms be n.
then, an = 299
⇒ a + (n - 1)d = 299
⇒ 11 + (n - 1)4 = 299

⇒ (n - 1)4 = 288

⇒ n - 1 = 72

⇒ n = 73

Thus, the required number of terms are 73.

25. Let the first term be a and common difference be d.
an = a + (n -1)d)
As per given condition
a9= -32
a + 8d = - 32.........(i)
a11 + a13 = -94
a + 10d + a+ 12d = - 94
2a + 22d = -94
a + 11d = - 47 .....(ii)
Solving equations (i) and (ii)
(a + 11d) - (a + 8d) = -47 - (-32)
a + 11d -a - 8d = -47 + 32
3d = -15

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 d = -5
Common difference d = - 5
26. Here, , and
x+2
1
are in Arithmetic progression
1

x+3
1

x+5

Since it is in AP, the common difference is constant

T2 - T1 = T3 - T2
1 1 1 1
− = −
x+3 x+2 x+5 x+3

(x+2−x−3) (x+3−x−5)
=
(x+3)(x+2) (x+5)(x+3)

−1 −2
⇒ =
(x+2) x+5

⇒ -x - 5 = -2x - 4
⟹ -x+2x=-4+5

⇒ x = -4 + 5
⇒ x=1
27. Let the nth term of a given progression be given by
Tn = an+ b, where a and b are constants.
Then, Tn-1 = a(n - 1) + b = [(an + b) - a].
Therefore, Tn-Tn-1= (an + b) - [(an + b - a] = a, which is a constant.
Hence, the given progression is an Arithmetic progression.
28. The sum of first 8 Multiples of 3 are
S= 3 + 6 + 9 + 12 + .... + 24
= 3(1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 8)
=3× = 108
8×9

29. According to the question,

an = 2 - 3n
Put n = 1,a1 = 2 - 3 × 1 = 2 - 3 = -1
Put n = 2, a2 = 2 - 3 × 2 = 2 - 6 = -4
Common difference(d) = (-4) - (-1) = -4 + 1 = -3
Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
n

S25 = 25

2
[2(−1) + (25 − 1)(−3)]

= 25

2
[−2 − 72]

25
= × −74
2

= -925
30. Let S1 be the sum of the first n even natural numbers.
Then, S1 = 2 + 4 + 6 + ....+ 2n
⇒ S1 = n

2
[2 × 2 + (n - 1)2]
n
⇒ S1 = 2
[4 + 2n - 2] = n(n + 1) ........(i)
Let the S2 be the sum of the first n odd natural numbers.

Then, S2 = n

2
[2 × 1 + (n - 1)2] = n2
From (i),we have, S1 = n (1 +
2 1

n
) = (1 +
1

n
2
)n = (1 +
1

n
)S2

Therefore, the sum of first n even natural numbers is equal to (1 + 1

n
) times the sum of the first n odd natural numbers
1
= (1 + )S2
n

31. We may write the given terms as

−−− − −−−−− −−−− −
√9 × 2, √25 × 2, √49 × 2,...
– – –
i.e., 3√2, 5√2, 7√2, ...
– – – – –
Clearly, (5√2 − 3√2) = (7√2 − 5√2) = 2√2
–
So, the given progression is an A.P with common difference 2√2
– −−−−−− − −− −
It is clear that the next term is 9√2 = √9 × 9 × 2 = √162
32. Here the given AP is 2,7,12.........47.
Let us re-write the given AP in reverse order then we get the AP

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 47, 42, .., 12, 7, 2.
Here a=47 d=42-47= -5
5th term of this AP
= 47 + (5 - 1)× (-5)
= 47 - 20
= 27
Hence, the 5th term from the end of the given AP is 27.
– – –
33. 3, 3 + √2, 3 + 2√2, 3 + 3√2, . . . .
– –
a2 − a1 = (3 + √2) − 3 = √2
– – –
a3 − a2 = (3 + 2√2) − (3 + √2) = √2
– – –
a4 − a3 = (3 + 3√2) − (3 + 2√2) = √2

i.e. ak+1 - ak is the same every time.

–
So, the given list of numbers forms an AP with the common differenced d = √2
The next three terms are:
– – – – – – – – –
(3 + 3√2) + √2 = 3 + 4√2, (3 + 4√2) + √2 = 3 + 5√2 and (3 + 5√2) + √2 = 3 + 6√2
34. The given A.P is 10, 7, 4
Here, a = 10
d = 7 - 10 = - 3
and n = 30
a30 = ?
We have an = a + (n - 1)d
So, a30 = 10 + (30 - 1) (-3)
⇒ a30 = 10 - 87
⇒ a30 = -77
35. Weekly savings by Reenu in successive weeks are Rs.50, Rs.67.50, Rs.85, Rs.102.50,..., Rs.207.50.
This is clearly an AP with a = 50, d = 17.50 and l = 207.50.
Let the number of terms of this AP be n. Then,
Tn = 207.50 ⇒ a+(n-1)d = 207.50
⇒ 50 + (n -1) × 17.50 = 207.50
⇒ (n -1) × 17.50 = 207.50 - 50 = 157.50
157.50 15750
⇒ (n-1)= 17.50
= 1750
=9 ⇒ n=10.
Hence, Reenu's weekly savings will be Rs.207.50 in 10th week.
Section C
36. Initial monthly salary of Tanvy in 2015 = Rs 40000
Annual increment = Rs 2500
Therefore an AP is formed
and here a = 40000 and d = 2500
Let the monthly salary of Tanvy becomes Rs 65000 in nth year
So, an = a + (n-1 )d
⇒ 65000=40000+(n-1)× 2500
⇒ 40000 + (n -1) × 2500 = 65000

⇒ (n -1) × 2500 = 65000 - 40000 = 25000

25000
⇒ (n-1)= = 10
2500

Hence n = 11
Thus, the 11th annual salary received by Tanvy will be Rs.65000. Thus, after 10 years, i.e., in the year 2025, her annual salary will
be Rs.65000.
37. a, 7, b, 23 and c are in A.P.
Let the common difference be d.
a+ d = 7 ....(i)
a + 3d = 23 ....(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we get

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 2d = 16

d = 8

Put d = 8 in (1) we get

a+ 8 = 7

a = −1

b = a + 2d

b = −1 +2×8
or,b = −1 + 16
or, b = 15
c = a + 4d

=-1+4×8
= - 1 + 32
c = 31

∴ a = −1, b = 15, c = 31

38. Given,
Number of terms = n
First term = a
nth term = l
To prove: Sum of mth term from beginning and mth term from end = a + l
Proof:
mth term from beginning
= a + (m - 1)d
= a + md - d
mth term form the end
= l - (m - 1)d
= l - md + d
Required Sum = a + md - d + l - md +d
=a+l
39. Let a be the first term and d be the common difference of the given A.P.
Then, 8th term = a8 = a + 7d

and 2nd term = a2 = a + d

According to given information,
a2
a8 =
2

⇒ 2a8 = a2
⇒ 2(a + 7d) = a + d
⇒ a + 13d = 0...(i)

Now, 11th term = a11 = a + 10d and 4th term = a4 = a + 3d

According to the given information,
a
4
a11 − = 1
3

⇒ 3a11 - a4 = 3
⇒ 3(a + 10d) - (a + 3d) = 3
⇒ 3a + 30d - a - 3d = 3

⇒ 2a + 27d = 3...(ii)

Multiplying equation (i) by 2, we get

2a + 26d = 0...(iii)
Subtracting (iii) from (ii), we get
d=3
⇒ a + 13(3) = 0

⇒ a = -39

Now, 15th term = a​15 = a + 14d = -39 + 14(3) = -39 + 42 = 3

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 Hence, 15th term is 3 .
40. Given that,
Yasmeen, during the first month, saves = 32 Rs
During the second month, saves = 36 Rs
During the third month, saves = 40 Rs
Let Yasmeen saves Rs 2000 during the n months.
Here, we have arithmetic progression 32, 36, 40, …
First term, a = 32
common difference, d = 36 – 32 = 4
Total money save by her in n months = Sum of this AP upto n terms
[2a + (n − 1)d] ( using S =
n n
2000 = n [2a + (n − 1)d])
2 2

4000 = n[ 2(32) + (n - 1)4]

4000 = n[ 64 + 4n - 4)
4000 = n[ 4n + 60]
4n2 + 60n - 4000 = 0
n2 + 15n - 1000 = 0
n2 + 40n - 25n - 1000 = 0
(n - 25)(n + 40) = 0
n = 25 or n = - 40
but n = - 40 as no of terms and months cannot be negative
So it would take 25 months to save Rs. 2000
41. a4 + a8 = 24 (Given)
⇒ a + 3d + a + 7d = 24
⇒ 2a + 10d = 24
⇒ a + 5d = 12 ..... (i)

a6 + a10 = 44
⇒ a + 5d + a + 9d = 44
⇒ 2a + 14d = 44
⇒ a + 7d = 22 ...... (ii)
On solving equation (i) and (ii)
d = 5, a = -13
First three terms are -13, -8, -3.
42. Let the 1st term of AP be a and common difference be d.
Now, three middle terms of this AP are a10, a11 and a12
from question,we have,
a10 + a11 + a12 = 129
⇒ (a + 9d) + (a + 10d) + (a + 11d) = 129
⇒ 3a + 30d = 129

⇒ a + 10d = 43 ⇒ a = 43 - 10d ........(i)

Also, last three terms are a19, a20 and a21
∴ a19 + a20 + a21 = 129
⇒ (a + 18d) + (a + 19d) + (a + 20d) = 237
⇒ 3a + 57d = 237
⇒ a + 19d = 79 ⇒ 43 - 10d + 19d = 79 [using eq. (i)]
⇒ 9d = 36 ⇒ d = 4

When d = 4, equation (i) becomes

a = 43 - 10(4) = 3
∴ AP is 3, 7, 11, 15, ...

43. Here, d = 5
S9 = 75
We know that

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 n
Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
9
⇒ S9 = [2a + (9 − 1)d]
2
9
⇒ S9 = [2a + 8d]
2

⇒ S9 = 9 [a + 4d]

⇒ S9 = 9 [a + 4 × 5]

⇒ S9 = 9[a + 20]
⇒ 75 = 9a + 180
⇒ 9a = 75 - 180
⇒ 9a = -105
105
⇒ a= −
9
35
⇒ a= −
3

Again, we know that

an = a + (n - 1)d
⇒ a9 = a + (9 - 1)d
⇒ a9 = a + 8d
35
⇒ a9 = − + 8(5)
3
35
⇒ a9 = − + 40
3
−35+120
⇒ a9 =
3
85
⇒ a9 =
3

44. Clearly, 1, 7, 13, 19,.... forms an A.P. with first term 1 and common difference 6.
Therefore, its nth term is given by
an = 1 + (n - 1) × 6 = 6n - 5
Also, 69, 68, 67, 66,... forms an A.P. with first term 69 and common difference -1.
′
a = 69 + (n - 1) × (-1) = - n + 70
n

The two A.Ps will have identical ftth terms, if

′
an = a n

⇒ 6n - 5 = -n + 70
⇒ 7n = 75
⇒ n = , which is not a natural number.
75

Hence, there is no value of n for which the two A.Ps will have identical terms.
45. Let the production during first year be a and let d be the increase in production every year. Then,
T6 = 16000 ⇒ a + 5d = 16000 ... (i)
and T9 = 22600 ⇒ a + 8d = 22600. ... (ii)
On subtracting (i) from (ii), we get 3d = 6600 ⇒ d = 2200.
Putting d = 2200 in (i), we get
a + 5 × 2200 = 16000 ⇒ a + 11000 = 16000 ⇒ a = 16000-11000 = 5000.
Thus, a = 5000 and d = 2200.
Production during first year, a = 5000.
46. Let the three numbers in A.P. be a − d, a, a + d .
3a = 12 or, a = 4 .

Also, (4 - d)3 + 43 + (4 + d)3 = 288

or, 64 - 48d + 12d2- d3 + 64 + 64 + 48d + 12d2 + d3 = 288
or, 24d2 + 192 = 288
or, 24d2 = 288 - 192
or, 24d2 = 96
or, d2 = 96/24
or, d2 = 4
d =± 2
The numbers are 2,4, 6, or 6,4,2.

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47. Given, an = 7 - 3n
Put n = 1, a1 = 7 - 3 × 1 = 7 - 3 = 4
Put n = 2, a2 = 7 - 3 × 2 = 7 - 6 = 1
Common difference(d) = 1 - 4 = -3
n
Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2

S25 = 25

2
[2 × 4 + (25 − 1)(−3)]

25
= [8 − 72]
2
25
= × −64
2

= -800
48. The given list of numbers is 11, 8, 5, 2,.....
a2- a1= 8 - 11 = -3
a3 - a2 = 5 - 8 = -3
a4 - a3 = 2 - 5 = - 3
i.e. ak+1 - ak is the same every time.
So, the given list of numbers forms an AP with first term a = 11 and the common difference d = -3.
Let -150 be the nth term of the given AP
Then, an = -150
⇒ a + (n - 1) d = -150
⇒ 11+ (n - 1)(-3) = -150
⇒ (-3) (n - 1) = -150 - 11
⇒ (-3) (n - 1) = -161

⇒ 3(n - 1) = 161
161
⇒ n− 1 =
3
161
⇒ n= + 1
3
164
⇒ n=
3

But n should be a positive integer. So, -150 is not a term of 11, 8, 5, 2,....
49. Given,
am+1 = 2an+1
⇒ a + (m + 1 - 1)d = 2[a + (n + 1 - 1)d]
⇒ a + md = 2[a + nd]

⇒ a + md = 2a + 2nd

⇒ md - 2nd = 2a - a

⇒ md - 2nd = a ..........(i)

To prove:
a3m+1 = 2am+n+1
Proof:
LHS
= a3m+1
= a + (3m + 1 - 1)d
= a + 3md
= md - 2nd + 3md [From (i)]
= 4md - 2nd
RHS
= 2am+n+1
= 2[a + (m + n + 1 -1)d]
= 2[a + md - nd]
= 2[md - 2nd + md + nd] [From (i)]
= 2[2md - nd]
= 4md - 2nd
Hence, LHS = RHS

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50. Let first term be a and common difference be d
Given 5th term = 30
⇒ a + (5 - 1)d = 30

⇒ a + 4d = 30 ....... (i)
and, 12th term = 65
⇒ a + (12 - 1)d = 65

⇒ a + 11d = 65 ....... (ii)

Subtracting equation (i) from equation (ii)

a + 11d - a - 4d = 65 - 30
⇒ 7d = 35
35
⇒ d = = 5
7

Putting value of d in equation (i)

a + 4 × 5 = 30
⇒ a = 30 - 20 = 10

∴ Sum of first 20 terms =

n
[2a + (n − 1)d]
2
20
= [2 × 10 + (20 − 1) × 5]
2

= 10[20 + 95]
= 10 × 115
= 1150
Section D
51. i. The distance covered by Dinesh to pick up the first flower plant and the second flower plant,
= 2 × 10 + 2 × (10 + 5) = 20 + 30
therefore, the distance covered for planting the first 5 plants
= 20 + 30 + 40 + ... 5 terms
This is in AP where the first term a = 20
and common difference d = 30 - 20 = 10
ii. We know that a = 20, d = 10 and number of terms = n = 5 so,
n
Sn = [2a + (n − 1) d]
2

So, the sum of 5 terms

5 5
S5 =
2
[2 × 20 + 4 × 10] =
2
× 80 = 200 m
Hence, Dinesh will cover 200 m to plant the first 5 plants.
iii. As a = 20, d = 10 and here n = 10
10
So, S10 = 2
[2 × 20 + 9 × 10] = 5 × 130 = 650 m
So, hence Ramesh will cover 650 m to plant all 10 plants.
OR
Total distance covered by Ramesh 650 m
Time = = = 65 minutes
distance

speed
650

10

Time taken to plant all 10 plants = 15 × 10 = 150 minutes

Total time = 65 + 150 = 215 minutes = 3 hrs 35 minutes
52. i. Clearly, the amount of installment in the first month = ₹ 1000, which increases by ₹ 100 every month
therefore, installment amount in second month = ₹ 1100, third month = ₹ 1200, fourth month = 1300 ..... which forms an AP,
with first term, a = 1000 and common difference, d = 1100 - 1000 = 100
Now, amount paid in the 30th installment,
a30 = 1000 + (30 - 1)100 = 3900 {an = a + (n - 1)d}
ii. Clearly, the amount of installment in the first month = ₹ 1000, which increases by ₹ 100 every month
therefore, installment amount in second month = ₹ 1100, third month = ₹ 1200, fourth month=1300 ..... which forms an AP,
with first term, a = 1000 and common difference, d = 1100 - 1000 = 100
Amount paid in 30 instalments,
[2 × 1000 + (30 − 1)100] = 73500
30
S =30
2

Hence, remaining amount of loan that he has to pay = 118000 - 73500 = ₹ 44500
iii. Clearly, the amount of installment in the first month = ₹ 1000, which increases by ₹ 100 every month
therefore, installment amount in second month = ₹ 1100, third month = ₹ 1200, fourth month = 1300 ..... which forms an AP,

12 / 22
Best of luck
 with first term, a = 1000 and common difference, d = 1100 - 1000 = 100
Amount paid in 100 instalments
n
Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2

Sn = 100

2
[2 × 1000 + (100 − 1)100]

⇒ Sn = 100000 + 9900
⇒ 109900
OR
Clearly, the amount of installment in the first month = ₹ 1000, which increases by ₹ 100 every month
therefore, installment amount in second month = ₹ 1100, third month = ₹1200, fourth month = 1300 ..... which forms an AP,
with first term, a = 1000 and common difference, d = 1100 - 1000 = 100
If he increases the instalment by ₹ 200 every month, amount would he pay in 40th instalment
Then a = 1000, d = 200 and n = 40
a40 = a + (n - 1)d
⇒ a40 = 1000 + (40 - 1)200
⇒ a40 = 880

53. i. 51, 49, 47, ... 31 AP

d = -2
First 4 terms of AP are: 51, 49, 47, 45 ...
ii. 51, 49, 47, ... 31 AP
d = -2
tn = a +(n - 1)d
31 = 51 + (n - 1) (-2)
31 = 51 - 2n + 2
31 = 53 - 2n
31 - 53 = -2n
-22 = -2n
n = 11
i.e., he acheived his goal in 11 days.
iii. 51, 49, 47, ... 31 AP
d = -2
t6 = a + (n - 1)d
= 51 + (6 - 1)(-2)
= 51 + (-10)
= 41 sec
OR
The given AP is
51, 49, 47, 45, 43, 41, 39, 37, 35, 33, 31, 29
∴ 30 is not in the AP.

54. i. Let production in a 1st year be a unit and increase in production (every year) be d units.
∵ Increase in production is constant, therefore unit produced every year forms an AP.

Now, a3 = 6000
a + 2d = 6000 ⇒ a = 6000 - 2d ..(1)
and a7 = 7000 ⇒ a + 6d = 7000
⇒ (6000 - 2d) + 6d = 7000 ⇒ 4d = 1000 [using eq. (1)]
⇒ d = 250

When d = 250, eq. (1) becomes

a = 6000 - 2(250) = 5500
∴ Production in 1st year = 5500

ii. Production in fifth year

a5 = a + 4d = 5500 + 4(250) = 6500
iii. Total production in 7 years = 7

2
(​​5500 + 7000) = 43750.

13 / 22
Best of luck
55. i. The number of rose plants in the 1st, 2nd, .... are 23, 21, 19, ... 5
a = 23, d = 21 - 23 = - 2, an = 5
∴ an = a + (n - 1)d
or, 5 = 23 + (n - 1)(-2)
or, 5 = 23 - 2n + 2
or, 5 = 25 - 2n
or, 2n = 20
or, n = 10
ii. Total number of rose plants in the flower bed,
n
Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
10
S10 = [2(23) + (10 − 1)(−2)]
2

S10 = 5[46 - 20 + 2]
S10 = 5(46 - 18)
S10 = 5(28)
S10 = 140
iii. an = a + (n - 1)d
⇒ a6 = 23 + 5 × (-2)
⇒ a6 = 13
OR
Sn = 80
Sn = n

2
[2a + (n − 1)d]

⇒ 80 = n

2
[2 × 23 + (n − 1) × −2]

⇒ 80 = 23n - n2 + n
⇒ n2 - 24n + 80 = 0
⇒ (n - 4)(n - 20) = 0

⇒ n = 4 or n = 20

n = 20 not possible
a20 = 23 + 19 × (-2) = -15
Number of plants cannot be negative.
n=4
56. i. Number of bricks in the bottom row = 30. in the next row = 29, and so on.
Therefore, Number of bricks stacked in each row form a sequence 30, 29, 28, 27, ..., which is an AP with first term, a = 30 and
common difference, d = 29 - 30 = -1
Suppose number of rows is n, then sum of number of bricks in n rows should be 360.
i.e. S n = 360

⇒
n

2
[2 × 30 + (n − 1)(−1)] = 360 {S n =
n

2
(2a + (n − 1)d) }
⇒ 720 = n(60 − n + 1)
2
⇒ 720 = 60n - n + n

2
⇒ n − 61n + 720 = 0

⇒ n
2
− 16n − 45n + 720 = 0 [by factorization]
⇒ n(n − 16) − 45(n − 16) = 0

⇒ (n − 16)(n − 45) = 0

⇒ (n − 16) = 0 or (n − 45) = 0
⇒ n = 16 or n = 45
Hence, number of rows is either 45 or 16.
n = 45 not possible so n = 16
a45 = 30 + (45 − 1)(−1) {a = a + (n − 1)d } n

= 30 − 44 = −14 [∵ The number of logs cannot be negative]

Hence the number of rows is 16.

14 / 22
Best of luck
 ii. Number of bricks in the bottom row = 30. in the next row = 29, and so on.
Therefore, Number of bricks stacked in each row form a sequence 30, 29, 28, 27,..., which is an AP with first term, a = 30 and
common difference, d = 29 - 30 = -1
Suppose number of rows is n, then sum of number of bricks in n rows should be 360.
Number of bricks on top row are n = 16 ,
a16 = 30 + (16 - 1) (-1) {an = a + (n - 1)d}
= 30 - 15 = 15
Hence, and number of bricks in the top row is 15.
iii. Number of bricks in the bottom row = 30. in the next row = 29, and so on.
therefore, Number of bricks stacked in each row form a sequence 30, 29, 28, 27, ..., which is an AP with first term, a = 30 and
common difference, d = 29 - 30 = -1.
Suppose number of rows is n, then sum of number of bricks in n rows should be 360
Number of bricks in 10th row a = 30, d = -1, n = 10
an = a + (n - 1)d
⇒ a10 = 30 + 9 × -1
⇒ a10 = 30 - 9 = 21
Therefore, number of bricks in 10th row are 21.
OR
Number of bricks in the bottom row = 30. in the next row = 29, and so on.
Therefore, Number of bricks stacked in each row form a sequence 30, 29, 28, 27,..., which is an AP with first term, a = 30 and
common difference, d = 29 - 30 = -1.
Suppose number of rows is n, then sum of number of bricks in n rows should be 360.
an = 26, a = 30, d = -1
an = a + (n - 1)d
⇒ 26 = 30 + (n - 1) × -1
⇒ 26 - 30 = -n + 1
⇒ n = 5

Hence 26 bricks are in 5th row.

57. i. Money saved on 1st day = Rs. 27.5
∵ Sehaj increases his saving by a fixed amount of Rs. 2.5

∴ His saving form an AP with a = 27.5 and d = 2.5

∴ Money saved on 10th day,

a10 = a + 9d = 27.5 + 9(2.5)

= 27.5 + 22.5 = Rs. 50
ii. a25 = a = 24d
= 27.5 + 24(2.5)
= 27.5 + 60 = Rs. 87.5
iii. Total amount saved by Sehaj in 30 days.
30
= [2 × 27.5 + (30 − 1) × 2.5]
2

= 15(55 + 29(2.5)
= Rs. 1912.5
58. i. Distance travel by the competitor to pick up each potato form an AP
10, 16, 22 ...
ii. Sn = {2a + (n - 1)d}
n

S10 = 10

2
{2 × 10 + 9 × 6}
S10 = 5{20 + 54}
S10 = 5 × 74
S10 = 370 m
i.e., The competitor has to run 370 m.

15 / 22
Best of luck
 iii. S4 = 4

2
{2 × 10 + (4 - 1)6}
= 2 {20 + 18}
= 2 × 38
S4 = 76
∴ Required distance = 370 - 76
= 294
OR
tn = a + (n - 1)d
t5 = 10 + (5 - 1)6
t5 = 10 + 24
t5 = 34 m

59. Number of bricks in the bottom row=30. in the next row=29, and so on.
therefore, Number of bricks stacked in each row form a sequence 30, 29, 28, 27,... , which is an AP with first term , a=30 and
common difference, d = 29 - 30 = -1.
Suppose number of rows is n, then sum of number of bricks in n rows should be 360
i.e. S = 360n

n n
⇒
2
[2 × 30 + (n − 1)(−1)] = 360 {S n =
2
(2a + (n − 1)d) }
⇒ 720 = n(60 − n + 1)
2
⇒ 720 = 60n - n + n

2
⇒ n − 61n + 720 = 0

⇒ n
2
− 16n − 45n + 720 = 0 [by factorisation]
⇒ n(n − 16) − 45(n − 16) = 0

⇒ (n − 16)(n − 45) = 0

⇒ (n − 16) = 0 or (n − 45) = 0
⇒ n = 16 or n = 45
Hence, number of rows is either 45 or 16.
When, n = 16 ,
a16= 30 + (16 − 1)(−1) {a = a + (n − 1)d } n

= 30 − 15 = 15

When, n = 45
a45 = 30 + (45 − 1)(−1) {a n
= a + (n − 1)d }
= 30 − 44 = −14 [∵ The number of logs cannot be neagtive]
Hence, the number of rows is 16 and number of logs in the top row is 15.

60.

Let A be the position of the middle - most flag.

Now, there are 13 flags(A1, A2..........A12) to the left of A and 13 flags (B1, B2, B3.............B13) to the right of A.
Distance covered in fixing flag to A1 = 2 + 2 = 4 m
Distance covered in fixing flag to A2 = 4 + 4 = 8 m
Distance covered in fixing flag to A3 = 6 + 6 = 12 m
......
Distance covered in fixing flag to A13 = 26 + 26 = 52 m
This forms an A.P. with,
First term, a = 4
Common difference, d = 4
and n= 13
∴ Distance covered in fixing 13 flags to the left of A = S13

13
⇒ S13 = [2 × 4 + 12 × 4]
2
13
= × [8 + 48]
2
13
= × 56
2

16 / 22
Best of luck
 = 364
Similarly, distance covered in fixing 13 flags to the right of A = 364
Total distance covered by Ruchi in completing the task
= 364 + 364 = 728 m
Maximum distance travelled by Ruchi in carrying a flag
= Distance from A13 to A or B13 to A = 26 m
Section E
61. Lets suppose there are (2n + 1) stones. Clearly, one stone lies in the middle and n stones on each side of it in a row.
Let P be the middle stone and let A and B be the end stones on the left and right of P respectively.

Clearly, there are n intervals each of length 10 meters on both the sides of P.
Now, suppose the man starts from A. He picks up the end stone on the left of mid-stone and goes to the mid-stone, drops it and
goes to (n - 1)th stone on left, picks it up, goes to the mid-stone and drops it. This process is repeated till he collects all stones on
the left of the mid-stone at the mid-stone.
So, distance covered in collecting stones on the left of the mid-stones is
10 × n + 2 [10 × (n - 1) + 10 × (n - 2) + ... + 10 × 2 + 10 × 1].
After collecting all stones on left of the mid-stone the man goes to the stone B on the right side of the mid-stone, picks it up, goes
to the mid-stone and drops it. Then, he goes to (n - 1)th stone on the right and the process is repeated till he collects all stones at
the mid-stone.
So that distance covered in collecting the stones on the right side of the mid-stone is equal to
2 [10 × n + 10 × (n - 1) + 10 × (n - 2)+ ... +10 × 2 + 10 × 1].
Therefore,total distance covered
= 10 × n + 2 [10 × (n - 1) + 10 × (n - 2) + ... + 10 × 2 + 10 × 1]
+ 2 [10 × n + 10 × (n - 1) + ... + 10 × 2 + 10 × 1]
= 4 [10 × n + 10 × (n - 1) + ... +10 × 2 + 10 × 1] -10 × n
n
= 40{1 + 2 + 3 + … + n} − 10n = 40 { 2
(1 + n)} − 10n = 20n(n + 1) − 10n = 20n
2
+ 10n

But, the total distance that a man covered in collecting stones is 3 km.i.e;3000m.
Therefore, 20 n2 + 10n = 3000
⇒ 2n2 + n - 300 = 0. ⟹ 2n + 25n + 24n − 300 = 0
2

⇒ (n - 12) (2n + 25) = 0 ...[Therefore, 2n + 25 ≠ 0] ⟹ n − 12 = 0

⇒ n = 12.Hence, the number of stones is equal to 2n + 1 = 2(12) + 1 = 25

So, the total stones carried to the middle is 25.

62. According to the question, Integers from 1 to 500 which are multiplies 2 as well as of 5 are
10, 20, 30,............, 500
This forms an A.P. with a = 10, d = 10, and l = 500
Let the number of these terms be n.
Then,
an = 500
⇒ a + (n - 1)d = 500
⇒ 10 + (n - 1)(10) = 500
⇒ (n - 1)(10) = 490
⇒ n - 1 = 49

⇒ n = 50
50
⇒ S49 = [2 × 10 + 49 × 10]
2

= 25 × [20 + 490]

= 25 × 510

= 12750.
63. Given A.P is: a, a + d, a + 2d .....
Here, we first need to write the expression for an - ak

17 / 22
Best of luck
 Now, as we know,
an = a + (n - 1)d
So for the nth term
an = a + (n - 1)d

Similarly for kth term

ak = a + (k - 1)d
So,
an - ak = (a + nd - d) - (a + kd - d)
= a + nd - d - a - kd + d
= nd - kd
= (n - k)d
So an - ak = (n - k)d
We are given a10 - a5 = 200
Here
Let us take the first term as 'a' and the common difference as 'd'
Now, as we know,
an = a + (n - 1)d
Here we find a30 and a20
So, for 10th term,
a10 = a + (10 - 1)d
= a + 9d
Also for 5th term
a5 = a + (5 - 1)d
= a + 4c
So, a10 - a5 = (a + 9d) - (a + 4d)
200 = a = 9d - a - 4d
200 = 5d
200
d =
5

d = 40
Therefore the common difference for the A.P is d = 40
64. For the first AP,
Let first term=a1
common difference=d1
using formula:
n
⟹ Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
n
⟹ (Sn ) = [2a1 + (n − 1)d1 ]
1 2

For 2nd AP.

Given,
⇒ No. of terms=n

Let,
⇒ first term=a2

⇒ common difference=d2
Using formula:
n
⟹ Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
n
⟹ (Sn ) = [2a2 + (n − 1)d2 ]
2 2

According to question :
( Sn ) 3n+8
1
⟹ =
( Sn ) 7n+15
2
n
[2a1 +(n−1) d1 ]
2 3n+8
⇒ n
=
[2a2 +(n−1) d2 ] 7n+15
2

18 / 22
Best of luck
 Substitute n=23:
2a1 +(23−1) d1 3×23+8
⟹ =
2a2 +(23−1) d2 7×23+15

2a1 +22d1 69+8

⟹ =
2a2 +22d2 161+15

2( a1 +11d1 ) 77
⟹ =
2( a2 +11d2 ) 176

a1 +(12−1) d1 7
⟹ =
a2 +(12−1) d2 16

( T12 )
1 7
⟹ =
( T12 )2 16

∴ (T12)1 : (T12)2=7: 16.

65. Odd numbers between 100 and 200
are 101, 103, .... 199
First term (a) = 101
Common difference (d) = 103 - 101 = 2
Last term (an) = 199
⇒ a + (n - 1)d = 199
⇒ 101 + (n - 1) × 2 = 199

⇒ 101 + 2n - 2 = 199

⇒ 2n = 199 + 2 - 101

⇒ 2n = 100
100
⇒ n= = 50
2

∴ Sum of 50 terms = n

2
[a + an ]

50
= [101 + 199]
2

= 25 × 300
= 7500
66. All integers between 100 and 550, which are divisible by 9
= 108, 117, 126,.........., 549
First term (a) = 108
Common difference(d) = 117 - 108 = 9
Last term(an) = 549
⇒ a + (n - 1)d = 549
⇒ 108 + (n - 1)(9) = 549
⇒ 108 + 9n - 9 = 549

⇒ 9n = 549 + 9 - 108
⇒ 9n = 450
450
⇒ n= = 50
9

Sum of 50 terms = n

2
[a + an ]

50
= [108 + 549]
2

= 25 × 657

= 16425
Now, sum of all integers between 100 and 550 which are not divisible by 9
= Sum of all integers between 100 and 550 - Sum of all integers between 100 and 550 which are divisible by 9
= [101 + 102 + 130 +......+ 549] - 16425
= 549×550

2
− - 16425
100×101

= 150975 - 5050 - 16425

= 129500
67. According to question we are given that a spiral is made up of successive semi-circles, with centres alternately at A and B, starting
with centre at A, of radii 0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm, 2.0 cm, ....as shown in Fig.
Let l1, l2, l3, l4,..l13 be the lengths (circumferences) of semi-circles of radii r1= 0.5 cm, r2 =1.0 cm, r3 = 1.5 cm, r4 = 2.0 cm, r5 =
2.5 cm,... respectively.

19 / 22
Best of luck
 Now, Semi-perimeter of circle = π ⋅ r
Therefore,
π
l1 = πr1 = π × 0.5 = cm
2
π
l2 = πr2 = π × 1 = 2 ( ) cm
2
3 π
l3 = πr3 = π × = 3( ) cm
2 2
π
l4 = πr4 = π × 2 = 4 ( ) cm
2

and
13 π
l13 = πr13 = π × cm = 13 ( ) cm
2 2

Therefore total length of the spiral = l1 + l2 + l3 +...+ l13

π π π π
={ +2( )+3( ) + ⋯ + 13 ( )}
2 2 2 2
π
= (1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ + 13)
2
π 13
=
2
×
2
(1 + 13) [ Using S n =
n

2
(a + l)]

=
π

2
×
13

2
× 14 = 1

2
×
22

7
× 13 × 7 = 143cm
which is required length of the spiral made up of thirteen consecutive semi-circles.
68. Odd numbers between 100 and 300 are 101, 103, .... 299
First term (a) = 101
Common difference (d) = 103 - 101 = 2
Last term (an) = 299
⇒ a + (n - 1)d = 299
⇒ 101 + (n - 1) × 2 = 299
⇒ 101 + 2n - 2 = 299
⇒ 2n = 299 + 2 - 101

⇒ 2n = 200

⇒ n= = 100 200

∴ Sum of 100 terms = n

2
[a + an ]

100
= [101 + 299]
2

= 50 × 400
= 20,000
69. i. Number between 100−200 divisible by 9 are 108, 117, 126, ..., 198
Here, a = 108, d = 117 - 108 = 9 and an ​= 198
= a + (n - 1)d = 198
→ 108 + (n - 1)9 = 198

→ 9[12 + n - 1] = 198 ⇒ n = 22 - 11 ⇒ n = 11

Now, Sn ​= [2a + (n - 1)d]

n

⇒ S11 ​= 11

2
[2(108) + (11 - 1)(9)]
11
= 2
[216 + 90]
= 11

2
× 306
= 11 × 153
S11 ​= 1683
ii. Numbers between 100 and 200 = 101, 102, 103, ..., 199
Here, a = 101, l = 199 , d = 1
⇒ a + (n - 1)d = 199

20 / 22
Best of luck
 ⇒ 101 + (n - 1)(1) = 199
⇒ (n - 1) = 199 - 101 = 98
⇒ n = 99
99
Now, S99 = 2
[2 × 101 + (99 - 1)(1)]
99 99
= 2
[202 + 98] = 2
× 300 = 99 × 150 = 14850
So, the sum of integers between 100 and 200 which are not divisible by 9 = 14850 - 1683 = 13167.
70. a4 + a8 = 24, ⇒ a + 3d + a + 7d = 24
⇒ 2a + 10d = 24 or a + 5d = 12
a6 + a10 = 44 ⇒ a + 5d + a + 9d = 44
2a + 14d = 44 or a + 7d = 22
Solving (i) and (ii), d = 5, a = -13
∴ AP is -13, -8, -3, 2, 7, ...

S25 = [2a + 24 d]
25

25
= 2
[−26 + 120]

= 1175
71. Here n = 40,
9
S9 =
2
[2a + 8d] = 153 ⇒ a + 4d = 17 ...(i)
and S 40 − S34 687 or a 35 + a36 + a37 + a38 + a39 + a40 = 687

⇒ 6a + 219d = 687 or 2a + 73d = 229 ...(ii)

solving (i) and (ii) to get a = 5, d = 3
Also, S = (10 + 39 × 3) = 2540
40
40

72. Total amount of price(Sn) = ₹ 700

Number of prizes (n) = 7
Let the value of first prize = ₹ a
Depreciation in next prize (d) = - ₹ 20
We have,
n
∴ (Sn ) = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
7
⇒ 700 = [2a + (7 − 1) × −20]
2
700×2
⇒ = 2a + 6 × (−20)
7

⇒ 200 = 2a - 120
⇒ 200 + 120 = 2a

⇒ 320 = 2a
320
⇒ a=
2
= ₹160
Therefore, value of first prize = 160
Value of second prize = 160 - 20 = ₹ 140
Value of third prize = 140 - 20 = ₹ 120
Value of fourth prize = 120 - 20 = ₹ 100
Value of fifth prize = 100 - 20 = ₹ 80
Value of sixth prize = 80 - 20 = ₹ 60
Value of seventh prize = 60 - 20 = ₹ 40.
73. Natural numbers between 1 and 100, which are divisible by 3
= 3, 6, 9, .... 99. As it forms Arithmetic progression, we can find its first term "a" and common difference "d"
Now first term (a) = 3
Common difference (d) = 6 - 3 = 3
Last term (an) = 99
As T = a + (n − 1)d
n

⇒ a + (n - 1)d = 99

⇒ 3 + (n - 1) × 3 = 99

⇒ 3 + 3n - 3 = 99

⇒ 3n = 99
99
⇒ n= = 33
3

21 / 22
Best of luck
 Since, S n =
n

2
[a + an ]

n
Therefore, Sum of 33 terms S33 = 2
[a + an ]

33
= [3 + 99]
2
33
= × 102
2

= 33 × 51
= 1683
Hence, the sum of all natural numbers between 1 and 100 which are divisible by 3 is equal to 1683.
74. According to the question,
All integers between 100 and 550, which are divisible by 9
= 108, 117, 126,.........., 549
First term (a) = 108
Common difference(d) = 117 - 108 = 9
Last term(an) = 549
⇒ a + (n - 1)d = 549
⇒ 108 + (n - 1)(9) = 549
⇒ 108 + 9n - 9 = 549

⇒ 9n = 549 + 9 - 108
⇒ 9n = 450
450
⇒ n= = 50
9

Sum of 50 terms = n

2
[a + an ]

50
= [108 + 549]
2

= 25 × 657

= 16425
75. Numbers between 100 – 200 divisible by 9 are 108, 117, 126, … 198.
Here, a= 108, d = 117 – 108 = 9 and an = 198.
⇒ a + (n – 1)d = 198 [∵an = a + (n – 1)d]
⇒ 108 + (n – 1)9 =198.
⇒108 + 9n-9=198
⇒ 9n + 99=198}
⇒ 9(n + 11)=198}

⇒ 11 + n =
198

⇒ n = 22 – 11.
⇒ n = 11

Now, S­n = [2a+ (n – 1)d]

n

11
⇒ S11 = 2
[2(108) + (11 – 1) (9)]
= 11

2
[216 + 99 – 9]
11
= 2
[216 + 90]
= 11

2
× 306
= 11 × 153
⇒ S11 = 1683.

22 / 22
Best of luck