Volume 10, Issue 9, September – 2025 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25sep729

Tech4Safety: A Real-Time Gas Detection,

Monitoring, and Alert System for Enhancing
Environmental Safety and Risk Management
Rosalie B. Sison1; Jefrain M. Padre2
1;2
College of Information and Communications Technology
Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology Cabanatuan City, Philippines

Publication Date: 2025/09/20

Abstract: Gas leakages, fire accidents, and explosions remain serious concerns in kitchens, particularly those that rely on
LPG for cooking. Undetected leaks not only heighten the risk of fires and explosions but can also cause carbon monoxide
poisoning, posing a major threat to human safety. To address these risks, this paper presents an Internet of Things (IoT)-
based monitoring system designed to detect gas leakage in real time and immediately alert users to potential hazards. The
system is powered by a microcontroller that manages input and output operations. An embedded MQ2 sensor is used to
detect the presence of LPG, butane, propane, methane, alcohol, and hydrogen. Once the detected gas concentration
exceeds a predefined threshold, the device triggers a rotary buzzer alarm and activates a P10 LED display to notify users
of the leakage. This dual-alert mechanism ensures both audible and visual warnings for improved safety. The project aims
to prevent or reduce the likelihood of fire, explosions, and gas-related accidents by continuously monitoring gas levels and
enhancing situational awareness in kitchen environments. Moreover, it emphasizes affordability, simplicity, rapid
responsiveness, and low maintenance, making it an effective prototype for practical application.

Keywords: Gas Leakage Detection, Internet of Things (IoT), MQ2 Sensor, Kitchen Safety, LPG Monitoring, Real-Time Alert
System.

How to Cite: Rosalie B. Sison; Jefrain M. Padre (2025) Tech4Safety: A Real-Time Gas Detection, Monitoring, and Alert System
for Enhancing Environmental Safety and Risk Management. International Journal of Innovative Science and
Research Technology, 10(9), 1034-1039. https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25sep729

I. INTRODUCTION necessary components for a Gas detection device. Eventually,

we promptly researched the required components, such as the
Managing safety concerning gas levels involves reliance MQ-2 sensor and microcontroller. Each component serves a
on more conventional methods. Manual inspections were a distinct function and plays a crucial role in the device, where
common practice, where safety officers or designated they will work together. To successfully assemble the device,
workers were assigned to manually and visually check the we watched relevant instructional videos and consulted with
premises for signs of gas leaks, often using basic handheld the experts to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of our
gas detectors. The microcontroller device we are creating will project’s outcome. This project aims to develop an Arduino-
serve a significant purpose in various locations, such as based gas level monitoring system to enhance safety and alert
schools, workplaces, and industries. In building this device, mechanisms. Using Arduino technology, we strive to create a
we need to utilize the MQ-2 sensor, which can detect Butane cost-effective system capable of real-time monitoring for the
and LPG. Additionally, we plan to incorporate essential timely identification of elevated gas levels. Aligned with the
components like the Arduino Uno. [1] The Arduino Uno is a broader objective of a smart and interconnected environment,
microcontroller board that will serve as the brain of our this project contributes to proactive responses to potential
device, facilitating the control and communication of various threats, addressing rising concerns over air quality and
components. Using the microcontroller Gas sensor in hazards. We aspire to offer a practical and scalable solution,
different settings can provide a reliable and efficient means fostering a safer living and working environment.
of detecting potential hazards.
II. METHODOLOGY
To start the capstone project, the researchers visited one
of the Bureau of Fire Protection stations to inquire about and This project was designed through the following phases
learn about the hazardous gases used in various activities, of the Internet of Things (IoT) Lifecycle, starting from
such as cooking. This information is crucial for acquiring the scratch to achieve the milestones the manufacturers expect,

IJISRT25SEP729 www.ijisrt.com 1034

Volume 10, Issue 9, September – 2025 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25sep729

such as Data Collection, Design, Review, Prototyping, and  Prototyping Phase

Validation. [2] Internet of Things (IoT), as a new emerging Here comes the stage where the circuit design
and fast-growing technology, has attracted lots of attention implementation is carried out. The developers come forward
worldwide recently. Successful applications of IoT have been with a proof of concept for the [4] IoT solution by building
demonstrated in many fields. the product by combining the hardware and software
components. Considering the cost/performance ratio and
form factor the customer requires, the developers test the
various elements, such as sensors, simulators, embedded
boards, modules, etc. Minimizing the error at the end of
prototyping is the main aim of this step.

 Validation Phase
Testing and validating the final prototype are essential
steps of the IoT lifecycle. Here, the hardware component of
the prototype is tested using different parameters, such as
amplitude, magnitude, voltage, power consumption,
temperature, etc., using sensors. [5] To test the flow of data,
capabilities of the system, and possible connection methods
to the device for the various sensors. Once validated, the
product is all set to be manufactured.

 Components:

Fig 1 Internet of Things Lifecycle  MQ2 Sensor

 Arduino Uno
Figure 1 shows the different phases of the Internet of  Breadboard
Things (IoT) Lifecycle.  P10 Led Board
 Rotary Buzzer
 Data Collection Phase  Sim900A GSM Module
The first step to developing an IoT solution is  Power Supply 5V 2A
understanding the needs and demands of the manufacturer.  Power Relay
[3] The architecture and data models enable networking-
aware IoT applications. Hence, the developers collect as  Data Gathering Procedures
much information as possible from the client regarding the The researchers surveyed the respondents to gather data.
expectations for the project. It mainly consists of details on The data gathered will serve as a resource for the researchers.
the power and size requirements of the product. The To obtain the data required for system design, the researchers
developers analyze the information provided, arrive at an questioned how the system would be created and developed
idea, and plan to depend on the functionality of the IoT according to the requirements and considering the end users'
device. current needs.
 Design Phase They acknowledged the researchers' request for
After the customer brainstorms the requirements of the permission to interview a selection of people during the
product, some engineering is involved. The engineers convert system's development stage to gather data to investigate the
the idea into a prototype by developing a circuit design for evaluation process in the study area.
the product. Designing a circuit requires various software
skills and algorithms to arrive at an appropriate solution for In addition, the researchers requested approval from the
the product based on the real-world market. Some critical department/offices and potential end-users to evaluate this
factors in the process are range, battery life, and product cost. device. After the device had been developed, the researchers
The best solution based on the cost and performance ratio is proceeded to the evaluation step, where the device was
selected and implemented in the final project for the IoT utilized and assessed by intended end-users. With the
device. participation of the respondents/evaluators, the effectiveness
and performance of the system were evaluated.
 Review Phase
Once the most appropriate circuit design is formulated, The researchers guided the respondents in answering
the developers must continuously make necessary changes. It the questionnaire to acquire feedback and evaluate the
is possible to review the circuit design and functionality system. The two questionnaires are based on the [6] ISO
throughout the project. The developers can change the 25010 Software Product Quality Standard and include the
project's layout, schematics, algorithms, or infrastructure to researcher-made questionnaire to ensure valid and reliable
arrive at a reliable solution with the highest performance and data.
cost efficiency.

IJISRT25SEP729 www.ijisrt.com 1035

Volume 10, Issue 9, September – 2025 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25sep729

For the implementation, the researchers sought the end-  Data Analysis
user’s permission to test the system and evaluate it. After the The researchers used the response mode for data
implementation stage, the researchers asked the end-users to analysis, as depicted in Table 1. They gathered the data as
evaluate the feasibility of the developed system's answered by the respondents and treated the data using the
implementation by responding to a questionnaire created by weighted mean for the evaluation rating of each item in the
the researchers. questionnaire. Then, the average of the weighted mean was
computed to.

Table 1 Response Mode

Score Scale Verbal Interpretation
4 3.25 - 4.00 Strongly Agree
3 2.50 - 3.24 Agree
2 1.75 - 2.49 Disagree
1 1.00 - 1.74 Strongly disagree

The methodology of this study was based on the that could be efficiently implemented once approved and
functionality and quality requirements of the software being provide tangible benefits.
developed. The primary data collection tool was a
questionnaire, the draft of which was subjected to rigorous  Design
review by professional IT developers and End-users. Their In this phase, the processing of all necessary devices for
valuable feedback was integrated into the final version of the the proposed project was involved. The researchers had
questionnaire. prepared the devices needed, including an MQ2 Sensor, a
P10 LED board, and a Rotary Buzzer. After concluding all of
The data gathered through this questionnaire were the necessary hardware requirements, they analyzed how
subsequently analyzed and interpreted using the weighted they would be connected and studied the function of each
mean statistical method. device.

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION  Review

In this phase, the researchers conducted a
The results of the study are presented and provide an in- comprehensive evaluation of the proposed Gas Detection,
depth discussion of the findings in relation to the research Monitoring, and Alert System. The initial design and concept
objectives. were carefully reviewed to ensure that they met the safety
needs. The researchers assessed whether the system could
A. Internet of Things Life Cycle Model (IoTLC) effectively monitor gas levels and provide timely
notifications to safeguard end-users from potential gas leaks.
 Data Collection They sought feedback from experts in the fields of safety
During this phase, the researchers focused on systems, IoT, and electronics to validate their design choices,
identifying the specific safety needs within their selected including the selected sensors, the Arduino setup, and the
area, and they discovered that the kitchen in the building notification methods. This review process helped identify any
lacked adequate safety measures to monitor and respond to weaknesses or areas for improvement in the system. Based
potential gas leaks. This realization led them to conceptualize on the feedback, the researchers made necessary adjustments
a device aimed at enhancing safety through continuous gas to optimize the device's functionality, reliability, and ease of
level monitoring. To address the issue, the researchers use. Through this phase, the researchers ensured that the
conducted an in-depth study of the proposed project, ensuring system was not only technically sound but also tailored to
that it would effectively safeguard the identified respondents. address the specific safety concerns of the selected location.
They researched relevant safety standards, suitable gas This review laid the groundwork for moving forward with
detection technologies, and user requirements to ensure that confidence in the subsequent prototyping and testing phases.
the device could provide real-time monitoring and an alert
system in case of a gas leak. The goal was to create a solution Table 2 shows the assessment of the sets of respondents
on the developed device based on its functionality.

Table 2 Functionality of Gas Detection Monitoring and Alert System as Assessed by the End-user
Statement Weighted Mean Verbal Interpretation
1. The device detects gas values accurately and in real-time. 3.66 Strongly Agree
2. The design sends instant notifications when gas values exceed the safety
3.83 Strongly Agree
threshold.
3. The system provides adequate alerts (audible and visual) when gas values
3.5 Strongly Agree
reach critical thresholds.
4. The device’s functionality meets the safety requirements for gas value
3.83 Strongly Agree
monitoring.

IJISRT25SEP729 www.ijisrt.com 1036

Volume 10, Issue 9, September – 2025 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25sep729

Average Weighted Mean 3.70 Strongly Agree

The assessment of the system's functionality, as it accomplishes its intended purpose, gas detection
reflected in Table 2, shows a strong agreement among end- monitoring, and instant notification.
users regarding its core capabilities. With an overall weighted
mean of 3.70, the system is rated as highly functional by Table 3 shows the assessment of the respondents on the
users, indicating a strong level of trust and confidence in its developed device based on gas detection and alert system in
ability to perform as expected. This indicates that, based on terms of usability.
the evaluation of the respondents, the device is functional as

Table 3 Usability of the Gas Detection Monitoring and Alert System as Assessed by the End-user
Statement Weighted Mean Verbal Interpretation
1. The device is easy to set up and configure for use. 3.5 Strongly Agree
2. The device display clearly shows gas values information, and the
3.83 Strongly Agree
layout is easy to understand and interpret.
3. The device’s alerts and notifications are easy for users to act upon. 3.6 Strongly Agree
4. The device’s physical design is ergonomic, making it comfortable
3.46 Strongly Agree
and easy to handle during use, ensuring a user-friendly experience.
Average Weighted Mean 3.59 Strongly Agree

Table 3 highlights the system's usability, which users device achieved its full potential in terms of gas detection
strongly agree is easy to set up and configure. The overall and monitoring systems.
usability score, 3.59, suggests that users find the system
highly accessible and convenient to operate, further The results of the assessment of the developed device in
enhancing their ability to act promptly in case of gas level terms of reliability are shown in Table 4.
emergencies. The respondents’ assessment indicated that the

Table 4 Reliability of Gas Detection Monitoring and Alert System as Assessed by the End-user
Weighted Verbal
Statement
Mean Interpretation
1. The device provides consistent gas value readings without failures or malfunctions. 3.63 Strongly Agree
2. The notifications from the device are reliable and always triggered when gas values change. 3.7 Strongly Agree
3. The device consistently performs its intended functions without failure. 3.43 Strongly Agree
4. The device provides accurate readings under various environmental conditions. 3.76 Strongly Agree
Average Weighted Mean 3.63 Strongly Agree

These findings clearly indicate that the developed Table 5 shows the assessment of the sets of respondents
device is found to be reliable. With an overall reliability on the developed device based on reliability and availability.
score of 3.63, the system is highly regarded for its
dependable and accurate performance under different
conditions.

Table 5 Security of Gas Detection Monitoring and Alert System as Assessed by the it Expert
Statement Weighted Mean Verbal Interpretation
1. The main components of the device are protected against physical
4.00 Strongly Agree
damage, dust, moisture, and unauthorized access through a junction box.
2. The gas values displayed on the dot matrix LED board are secured
against tampering, ensuring that only accurate readings are shown, 4.00 Strongly Agree
preventing any unauthorized modifications to the displayed values
3. The system ensures that all security-related alerts and notifications are
4.00 Strongly Agree
sent promptly and accurately without risk of interception or delay.
Average Weighted Mean 4.00 Strongly Agree

The security evaluation shows a strong assurance of readings, while the system delivers alerts and notifications
protection for the system’s components. Experts confirmed promptly without any risk of delay or interception. [7] LED
that critical elements of the device are safeguarded against provides a portable with low power input, low-intensity
physical damage, unauthorized access, and environmental drifts, low cost, and ease of alignment. The average weighted
factors like dust and moisture through proper housing and mean of 4.0, with a verbal interpretation of "Strongly Agree,"
structural design. Additionally, the data displayed on the reflects the robustness of the device's security features.
LED board is tamper-proof, ensuring the accuracy of gas

IJISRT25SEP729 www.ijisrt.com 1037

Volume 10, Issue 9, September – 2025 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25sep729

Table 6 Efficiency of Gas Detection Monitoring and Alert System as Assessed by the it Expert
Weighted Verbal
Statement
Mean Interpretation
1. The system’s ability to detect gas concentration changes and trigger alerts promptly. 4.00 Strongly Agree
2. The MQ2 sensor is susceptible to detecting even minor fluctuations in gas value and
4.00 Strongly Agree
ensuring early hazard detection.
3. The power supply provides consistent voltage and is designed to protect the system from
4.00 Strongly Agree
voltage fluctuations or interruptions, ensuring continuous operation.
Average Weighted Mean 4.00 Strongly Agree

The system excels in efficiency, as it swiftly detects experts "Strongly Agree" that the system effectively fulfills
changes in gas concentration, triggering alerts immediately. its intended purpose.
The MQ2 sensor was highlighted for its sensitivity to minor
fluctuations, enabling timely hazard detection. The power Table 7 shows the assessment of the sets of respondents
supply is consistent and reliable, ensuring the system remains on the developed device based on maintainability and
operational even during voltage variations. This reliability monitoring.
was reflected in an average weighted mean of 4.0, with

Table 7 Maintainability of Gas Detection Monitoring and Alert System as Assessed by the it Expert
Weighted Verbal
Statement
Mean Interpretation
1. The Hardware components are easily accessible for maintenance, cleaning, or replacement. 4.00 Strongly Agree
2. The Wiring and Physical connections between the components are logically designed and
4.00 Strongly Agree
accessible from potential points of failure.
3. The device’s components are designed for easy updates and troubleshooting, allowing for
efficient management over time. This facilitates continuous monitoring of gas without 4.00 Strongly Agree
disrupting real-time operations.
Average Weighted Mean 4.00 Strongly Agree

In terms of maintainability, the system’s design The overall computed mean for the evaluation by the
supports easy access to hardware for routine maintenance and end-user from the following criteria, namely functionality,
replacements. Experts acknowledged the logical organization usability, and reliability, was computed at 3.64 and similarly
of wiring and connections, reducing potential points of interpreted as strongly agree. This finding indicates that the
failure and enhancing the device’s durability. Furthermore, developed device was functional, usable, and reliable.
the system’s components are optimized for straightforward
updates and troubleshooting, allowing for uninterrupted gas Table 8 shows the summary of the assessments of the
monitoring. The average weighted mean of 4.0 in this respondents on the developed device.
category underscores the device’s ease of maintenance, as
rated by experts.

Table 8 Summary of Assessments by End-user on the Gas Detection Monitoring and Alert System
ISO Software Quality Weighted Mean Verbal Interpretation
Functionality 3.70 Strongly Agree
Usability 3.59 Strongly Agree
Reliability 3.63 Strongly Agree
Average Weighted Mean 3.64 Strongly Agree

The findings show that the system adheres to the quality The summary assessment by an IT expert or
characteristics prescribed by the ISO [6], ensuring its professional based on the following criteria, namely security,
compliance with globally recognized standards for efficiency, and maintainability, was computed at 4.00 and
information security management systems (ISMS) in terms of similarly interpreted as strongly agree. This finding indicates
functionality, performance, usability, reliability, efficiency, that the developed device was secure and maintainable.
maintainability, and security.
Table 9 shows the summary of the assessments of the
respondents on the developed device.

Table 9 Summary of Assessments by it Expert on the Gas Detection Monitoring and Alert System
ISO Software Quality Weighted Mean Verbal Interpretation
Security 4.00 Strongly Agree
Efficiency 4.00 Strongly Agree

IJISRT25SEP729 www.ijisrt.com 1038

Volume 10, Issue 9, September – 2025 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25sep729

Maintainability 4.00 Strongly Agree

Average Weighted Mean 4.00 Strongly Agree

These findings are that the developed device [5]. Azam, T., Aswat, S., Klemke, R., Sharma, P., & Wild,
demonstrates a high level of reliability and effectiveness in F. (2017). Hardware prototype with component
accordance with ISO software quality standards. [8] The specification and usage description.
evaluation scheme is implemented through an approach of [6]. ISO/IEC 25010.
quality and efficiency assessment based on the ISO/IEC https://iso25000.com/index.php/en/iso-
25010 quality model standard. The strong ratings in security, 25000standards/iso-25010
efficiency, and maintainability suggest that the system can be [7]. Khan, S., Newport, D., & Calve, S. (2019). Gas
trusted to safeguard data and deliver optimal performance. Detection Using Portable Deep-UV Absorption
This indicates not only the device’s current functionality and Spectrophotometry: A Review. Sensors (Basel,
dependability but also its sustainability for long-term use. Switzerland), 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235210.
Consequently, the positive evaluation reinforces the system’s [8]. Trichkova-Kashamova, E. (2021). Applying the
value as a dependable tool that addresses essential software ISO/IEC 25010 Quality Models to an Assessment
quality requirements. Approach for Information Systems. 2021 12th
National Conference with International Participation
IV. CONCLUSION (ELECTRONICA), 1-4.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ELECTRONICA52725.2021.9
The findings of the study affirm that the gas detection 513662.
monitoring with an alert system is an effective and reliable
solution for addressing potential gas-related hazards. By
integrating real-time monitoring and automated alerts, the
device provides a proactive safeguard that not only
minimizes risks but also strengthens the overall culture of
safety within the kitchen. The reduction of fear and anxiety
among students and residents while using gas-powered
appliances demonstrates its impact on promoting both safety
and peace of mind in daily activities.

The expert evaluation further reinforces the device’s

practicality, as it has been proven secure, efficient, and easy
to maintain, qualities that are crucial in sustaining its long-
term usability in safety-critical environments. The device
showcases its potential for broader application in households,
commercial kitchens, and other facilities where gas is used,
underscoring its relevance to community safety.

Furthermore, the study concludes that this innovative

prototype is not only technically feasible but also socially
significant. It demonstrates how low-cost yet efficient
technological solutions can provide meaningful contributions
to safety, prevention, and risk management, while also
serving as a foundation for future improvements and wider
adoption.

REFERENCES

[1]. Murugesu, G. (2020). Design an Expansion Board for

Arduino Uno Microcontroller Development Board
with Multiple Inputs and Outputs.
[2]. Tao, F., Wang, Y., Zuo, Y., Yang, H., & Zhang, M.
(2016). Internet of Things in product life-cycle energy
management. J. Ind. Inf. Integr., 1, 26-39.
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JII.2016.03.001.
[3]. Bröring, A., Seeger, J., Papoutsakis, M., Fysarakis,
K., & Caracalli, A. (2020). Networking-Aware IoT
Application Development. Sensors (Basel,
Switzerland), 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20030897.
[4]. Bansal, N. (2020). Basic IoT Concepts. , 11-31.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-6041-8_2.

IJISRT25SEP729 www.ijisrt.com 1039