MODULE 8 Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) 1.

Global Affairs/Issues: deepening impact on

ICT, GLOBALIZATION, IMPACTS AND ISSUES the application of modern technologies to handle domestic matters and global affairs can become
- The enhanced exchange of information through information to meet the needs and requirements of increasingly blurred.
the ICT has tremendous impacts on the global individuals, groups, organizations, governments,
politics and economy through faster transactions and societies (Soola, 1998) The Negative
and the real-time availability of data and Handling information include to generate, process,  Environmental challenges such as global
information from anywhere in the world. store and retrieve, and distribute. warming, cross-boundary water and air
- The Internet has virtually removed the barriers of By guaranteeing the accuracy, efficiency, prompt, and pollution, and over-fishing have been linked to
physical distance by connecting people across instantaneous transmission or distribution of globalization.
geographical boundaries. information (Adaja, 2007), the ICT provides near limitless  According to Chestnut (2019), another challenge
possibilities of increasing the quantity, and enhancing the to each developed and developing nation that
Lesson 1. Definition of Globalization quality, speed, and availability of information in a complex participates is the most common is the dilution
but increasingly interdependent world of business (Soola, of long-standing economic and cultural values,
Globalization 1998). which can create problems politically or socially.
 a process that is complex, multidimensional, and  An example is that some nation’s uses child
uneven that involves transboundary flow of ICT and Globalization labor to produce goods, but this practice may
capital, goods and services, people, ideas, and ICT is said to be one of the key driving forces not be acceptable in the nations where they will
information which leads to greater integration of behind globalization sell that goods are produced.
economies and societies (United Nations, 2004) ICT brings the idea of globalization to a better The Positive
 results from the advances in transportation, understanding by relating it to the media  The benefits are clearly visible in the increased
communication, and information technologies ICT remains the vital drive of globalization is being trade, higher growth and falling poverty of
 describes the growing linkages between the driven by the rapid information and communication countries fully engaged in the process
economics, politics, technologies, and cultures technological advancement  impact in economy by increasing economic
which connect individuals, communities, Countries will have better shot at globalization with activity as it expands globally
businesses, and governments around the world an attuned ICT as a backbone  Every participating nation benefit according to
(Microsoft Encarta Reference Library, 2005) the economic value it brings to the table.
 trans-border inter-connectedness in all spheres Lesson 2. Impacts  Business in the developed nations can grow
of the economy, politics, trade, culture, industry, new markets in developing nations that can
services and communication Four Types of Changes increase their standard of living.
 David Yaffe, 2009 Stretching Several Aspects of Society: social,
- globalization is an ideological term that political and economic activities across political
encompasses the frenetic international frontiers, regions and continents.
expansion of capital that has brought devastating Intensification: increases the growing magnitude
consequences to the majority of human society of interconnectedness and flows of trade,
- An ongoing debate that shows positive and investment, finance, migration, culture, etc.
negative impacts of globalization. Increasing Global Interactions: worldwide
systems of transport and communication increase
the velocity of the diffusion of ideas, goods,
information, capital, and people.
Lesson 3. Issues and Concerns MODULE 9
WEB DEVELOPMENT  Most web developments use Hypertext Markup
No Real National Boundary of ICT There are many thinks to consider in web Language (HTML), Cascading Style Sheets
 With no real national boundaries, the legal development which includes the developers or the (CSS), and JavaScript to develop websites.
implications of the Internet and the World Wide skills of these programmers, the web design, the The development hierarchy starts with the
Web are immense. content, as well as the user experience or client Client-side coding, Server-side coding, and
 Thorny issues such as intellectual property feedback. Database technology (Techopedia, 2011).
protection, privacy, security, data protection, Most component in the web development started in
electronic payments and currency, and wide- the early 90s and are continuously improving to Web Developer Specialization
ranging consumer protection issues have to be cater bigger market or users.
addressed in national legislation and regional It is vital that future programmers to have strong 1. Front-end developer
strategies; each with tremendous social and foundations not only in the concepts in web - person responsible for behavior and visuals in
economic implications (Cogburn and Adeya, development as well as the origins of the different the user browser
1999). elements in web development. - responsible in ensuring that website visitors can
Basic knowledge in the core technologies, HTML, easily interact with the page
Uneven Distribution of Resources CSS, and JavaScript is a good step in to start - This person may focus on the technologies sent
 Globalization, however, has become effective web development. to the client such as HTML, JavaScript, CSS,
controversial precisely because of the uneven ReactJs or AngularJS.
distribution of its benefits and its equally visible
negative impacts in countries where it has Lesson 1. Web Development Overview 2. Back-end developer
caused job losses, rising income disparity and - The person responsible for the server-side
environmental challenges (United Nations, Definition of Web Development frameworks (such as Perl, Python, Ruby, PHP,
2004). Web development refers to the tasks associated in Java, ASP, ASP.NET, Node.js) and the
developing websites via internet. It includes web integration to the work of the front-end
Impact on the Youth design, content development, client-side/server- developer.
 Access to the internet and the social media have side scripting and network security configuration, - They have skills in Development Languages,
become a challenge in nation building among among other tasks (Techopedia, 2011). Database and cache, Server, API, among
our youths and school children can be done by team of web developers for big others.
 This is by exposing them to various forms of projects or a single programmer for simple projects
information which agitates them to respond A web developer is a programmer who specializes 3. Full-stack developer
beyond religious values, norms, or social in the development internet applications using a - A web developer who do both front-end and
boundaries. Erode of individual self-worth and client-server model. back-end development.
patriotic spirit, increase in immoral activities and In a client-service model, the providers of a - This person can do projects that involve
fragile family institution are among the resource or service are called servers while the databases, building user-facing websites, or
phenomenon widely discussed. service requesters are called clients. It is in a even work with clients during the planning phase
 Educators and teachers should prepare to face distributed application structure that partitions tasks of projects.
and overcome the challenges (Salleh and or workloads between servers and clients.
Othman, 2013).
 The first web page was published on August 6,
Chronology of Web Development 1991 by Tim Berners-Lee at
 On September 10, 1990, Archie, the first search http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html.
engine was launched by three university The original website has not been preserved until  Below is the 1990 to 2009 chronology of the
students Alan Emtage, Peter Deutsch and Bill today. Below shows the 1992 copy of the website. web development from the client side and
Heelen. Archie search engine enabled its users (Web Design Museum, 2021). server side. Beyond 2009, Microsoft Edge was
to find and download specific files on the Internet launched on March 30, 2015 as the first version
by indexing files stored on public FTP servers. of the Microsoft Edge web browser for Windows
They get the name by dropping letter v in the 10. On December 6, 2018, Microsoft
word archive. At the end of the 1990s, this announced that Edge will no longer use its own
EdgeHTML rendering engine and will be based
on

On October 29, 1991, the internet pioneer, Tim

Berners-Lee published a document called HTML
Tags. This is the birth of the Hypertext Markup
Language (HTML) that is still being used to day
with the latest version, HTML5, released in 2014.
Today, HTML5 is simply called HTML and will Google's open source rendering engine called
continually be updated with new features without Chromium (Web Design Museum, 2021).
search engine gradually ceased to exist (Web version numbers.
Design Museum, 2021).

Principles of Good Website Design

 1. Website purpose: The website should have simple
clear intention on all the pages that accommodate the
needs of the users. Below are some examples of core
purposes common to websites:
a. Describing expertise
b. Building your reputation
c. Generating leads
 On December 24, 1990, the world’s first web d. Sales and after care
browser was created, called Worldwide Web.
Created by a British physicist and internet 2. Simplicity: One of the best way to go when considering
pioneer Tim Berners-Lee who is a scientist at a design for your site. Below are ways to achieve
CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear simplicity through color, type, an imagery.
Research). The browser was a simple What You
See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG) editor for a. Color- Find color palette that fits your brand and
editing web pages. It only worked with the as much as possible, keep the color selection to less than
NeXTStep operating system. The name was 5. Use complementary colors as much as possible,
later changed to Nexus to avoid confusion with pleasing color combinations can increase customer 5. Visual hierarchy – This is the arrangement of
the World Wide Web (WWW). engagement since it can make the users to feel good. elements in order of importance. Can be done by size,
 Timeline showing the birth of the different web b. Type- Typography plays an important role in the color, imagery, contrast, typography, whitespace,
development that shape the internet that we website. It commands attention and works as visual texture and style. Visual hierarchy establishes a focal
knew today. Starting from 1969 which is the birth interpreter of the brand. If possible, use a maximum of 3 point which shows visitors the most important
of internet to 1998 when GOOGLE was born up fonts in the website. information.
to the end of 2010. In 2017, around 1.24 billion c. Imagery- This is every visual aspect that is used within
websites are on the internet. Various web communications. It includes still photography, illustration, 6. Content – Having a great content makes an
development technologies and platforms have video and all forms of graphics. Use imageries that are effective web design. Great content can attract and
come up and up to today HTML5 and CSS3 are expressive and could capture the spirit or the theme you influence visitors by converting them into customers.
the latest updates (Smith, 2017). want to convey.
7. Grid based layout – This layout can help keep your
3. Navigation –This is very important to insure that content organized. It helps align the elements to keep
visitors can interact and easily find what they are looking the design clean and impose order in the web design.
for in the website. Navigating through the website should
be simple, intuitive and consistent on every page. 8. Load time – Optimizing image sizes can help your
site to load faster. Nearly half of web visitors expect a
4. F-shaped pattern reading – This is the most common site to load in 2 seconds or less otherwise they will
way visitors scan text on a website. According to studies, potentially leave.
most of what people see is in the top and left area of the
screen. 9. Mobile Friendly – Nowadays, more people are
Lesson 4. CSS using their phone to browse the web. Hence, website
 that are mobile phone ready or can adjust to different
Lesson 2. Web Design What is CSS screen sizes is an advantage.
- CSS or Cascading Style Sheets is a style sheet
What is Web Design language used for describing the presentation of a Lesson 3. HTML
- the design of the websites that can be seen in document written in a markup language such as
the internet HTML. Development
- covers large areas including web graphic design; - Together with HTML and JavaScript, CSS is a - Developed in 1990 by Tim Berners-Lee, a
user interface design (UI design); user cornerstone technology of the World Wide Web. scientist at CERN, HTML or Hypertext Markup
experience design (UX design); and search - The ability to adjust the document's presentation Language became, and still is, a fundamental
depending on the output medium is a key feature of building block of the internet. HTML forms the
CSS. blocks that define a page’s layout, format, and
- It describes how the structured elements in the critical components. It defines the basic
document are to be rendered on screen, on paper, framework of a website – the foundation upon
in speech, or on other media (CSS developer which everything else is built upon (Techopedia,
guide, 2014) 2011).

The use of CSS

- One can style and lay out the structure and
semantics of the content as defined by HTML using 3. Styling text - the next CSS topic is about styling text
engine optimization among others CSS. Below are the topics suggested in learning which is one of the most common things to do with
- Different skills and disciplines are involved in the CSS (MND Web Docs, 2014). CSS. Learn text styling fundamentals, including setting
creation and maintenance of a website. font, boldness, italics, line and letter spacing, drop
1. CSS first steps – CSS is used to style and lay out web shadows and other text features. Applying custom fonts
pages like for example, to alter the font, color, size, and to the page, and styling lists and links are part of this
spacing of your content, split it into multiple columns, or topic.
add animations and other decorative features. 4. CSS layout – with the CSS fundamentals like how
2. CSS building blocks – with the familiarity with the to style text and manipulate the boxes in the content,
language and its syntax, and some basic experience with this is the part to adjust the place of the boxes in the
using it, this part of the learning looks at the cascade and right place in relation to the viewport and one another.
Versions inheritance, all the selector types we have available, units,
- HTML Tags: October 29, 1991. Tim Berners-Lee sizing, styling backgrounds and borders, debugging, and Variations
published a document entitled HTML Tags. The lots more. CSS has various levels and profiles wherein each
document contained a description of the first 18 level is built upon the last and typically adding new
HTML tags: <title>, <nextid>, <a>, <isindex>, features. These variations are CSS 1, CSS 2, CSS 3,
<plaintext>, <listing>, <p>, <h1>…<h6>, and CSS 4, though CSS4 is still in debate since there
<address>, <hp1>, <hp2>…, <dl>, <dt>, <dd>, is no single or integrated CSS4 specification up to
<ul>, <li>, <menu> and <dir>. date.
- HTML 2: November 24, 1995. HTML 2.0 was
published as RFC 1866. Supplemental RFCs Lesson 5. JavaScript CSS 1. This is the first CSS specification to become an
 added capabilities: November 25, 1995. RFC official W3C Recommendation is CSS level 1,
1867 (form-based file upload). May 1996. RFC What is JavaScript? published on December 17, 1996 credited to Håkon
1942 (tables) August 1996. RFC 1980 (client- - JavaScript is a programming language that Wium Lie and Bert Bos as the original developers. To
side image maps) January 1997. RFC 2070 conforms to the general-purpose programming date, the W3C no longer maintains the CSS 1
(internationalization). language, ECMAScript. Also known as JS, it is a recommendation. Among its capabilities are support
- HTML 3: January 14, 1997. HTML 3.2 was high-level multi-paradigm language. JavaScript is for:
published as a World Wide Web Consortium one of the core technologies of the World Wide • Font properties such as typeface and emphasis
(W3C) recommendation which is the first version Web alongside HTML and CSS. • Color of text, backgrounds, and other elements
developed and standardized exclusively by the - programming language is the tool used to create • Text attributes such as spacing between words,
W3C. interactivity of many unique website elements letters, and lines of text
- HTML 4: December 18, 1997. HTML 4.0 was - it can create effects that alter the appearance of • Alignment of text, images, tables and other elements
published as a W3C recommendation. With icons and drop-down menus, add animations, • Margin, border, padding, and positioning for most
three variations: 1) Strict, in which deprecated games, and other interactive elements elements
elements are forbidden, 2) Transitional, in which • Unique identification and generic classification of
deprecated elements are allowed, and 3) Origin groups of attributes
Frameset, in which mostly only frame related
elements are allowed. There was no new version - On December 4, 1995, Brendan Eich of Netscape
of HTML after HTML 4.01 for many years. The designed the first version of an object-oriented
development of the parallel XML-based JavaScript that became widely used to create
language, XHTML, occupied the W3C's HTML interactive websites. JavaScript later become the
Working Group through the early and mid-2000s. basis for other programming languages, such as
- HTML 5: October 28, 2014. HTML5 was ActionScript used in Macromedia Flash and in MODULE 10
published as a W3C recommendation. HTML5 is 1998, JavaScript was standardized by ISO (Web EXPLORATORY ACTIVITIES
the fifth and last major HTML version that CSS Design Museum, 2021).
building blocks is the W3C recommendation. Lesson 1. Blog and Blog Posts
- Blog posts are the fundamental of a blog
- Every blog on the internet consists of different
blog posts written by the blogger.
- Blog posts can contain content (obviously!),
CSS 2. In May 1998, CSS level 2 specification was videos, images, bullet-points, different headings
developed by the W3C and published as a and so on
recommendation. To date, the W3C no longer maintains
the CSS 2 recommendation among the new capabilities What is blogging? The history and trends
are:  Unofficially, the first blog ever was made by
• absolute, relative, and fixed positioning of elements Justin Hall (links.net) in 1994
and z-index, - At that time, no-one actually knew the word
• the concept of media types, support for aural style “blog” or “weblog”.
sheets and bidirectional text, - Justin’s web property was more or less of a
• new font properties such as shadows 8. Blogging Is Easy simple website, but it looked like a blog.
 9. It Can Be Your Money Making Source - He posted regularly (still doing it!) about the
CSS 3. CSS 3 is divided into several separate 10. Blogging Isn’t Expensive “stuff” he found on the internet and it was sort of
documents called "modules" unlike CSS 2, which is a 11. You Can Gain Knowledge on Lots of Precious Skills “personal diary”.
large single specification defining various features. The 12. You Will Become a Mentor and Inspire Others  The term “weblog” was first (officially)
earliest CSS 3 drafts were published in June 1999. 13. Start Living the Life You Really Want announced in 1997 by Jorn Barger
14. Truly Work From Anywhere  In 1999, weblog was shortened to blog. - At this
CSS 4. There is no single integrated CSS4 specification 15. It Can Be Used To Keep In Touch With Friends and point, some folks (who had computers and
because the specification has been split into many Family internet access) started blogging, still, it wasn’t
separate modules which level independently. In the 16. Blogging Can Create Job Opportunities popular at all…
early 2020, a W3C Community Group has been 17. It Can Help You Find Freelance Jobs  Then came WordPress (in 2003) and it changed
established in order to discuss and define resources or 18. Build Your BRAND Online a lot - WordPress started to offer FREE blogging
updates from CSS 3. The versioning is still up to 19. Blog Can Help to Promote Your Online Busines platform. A lot of people have found it useful
debate, which means that the next version might not be 20. It Can Boost Your Offline Business Growth (including me) since it’s really easy to install,
called CSS4. 21. You Have Something to Be Proud Of maintain and use. More than 75% of the blogs
are using WordPress blogging platform.
Lesson 3. Google Blogger

 Each day, millions of articles/posts/stories get

published in the web, and more than 200 thousand
new blogs created

What Is Google Blogger?  Working with Google Blogger does bring perks.
You can monetize your blogger blog through
 Blogger.com is Google’s own free blogging platform Google AdSense, which will add relevant ads to
where you can create a free blog with your blog. This is a more straightforward way to
the .blogspot.com subdomain (for example, revenue than with a website builder.
yourblogname.blogspot.com) or you can buy a  Ask some old-time bloggers about which
domain (always recommended) to have your platform they used to start their blog with, and
perfect website (for example, chances are they’ll answer that it was Google
www.yourdomain.com). Blogger. Even I also started my blogging journey
Why do people blog?  Blogger is a free blogging platform by Google, and with the google blogger in the beginning, and I’m
it’s a popular option among beginners. It has been still running a few blogs there. (Bera, 2020) It’s
• To express themselves around since the beginning of blogging. Blogger is the best option for personal blogs, but it’s not
• To delivery valuable information and news to other similar to the WordPress.com, where you can easily the best resource for professional use.
people on the internet create and launch a new blog without having coding
• To make money (Yes, some people are making a lot of knowledge. Lesson 4. Advantages of Starting a Blog on Google
money with blogging) Blogger
• Self-promotion
• To connect with like-minded people Advantages of Starting a Blog on Google Blogger
• To gain knowledge You can set up your custom domain there instated of
• To find a better job free .blogspot.com subdomain ➢ Starting a blog with Google Blogspot is very easy,
• To improve writing skills and you don’t need any professional skill to operate
• Etc.… - You can configure a free SSL Certificate for your your blog.
blog (by simply turning on HTTPS). Now blogger ➢ Google owns the platform, so you have that trust
Lesson 2. Starting a Blog offers HTTPS version of both type of sites, so no and credibility.
 Blog is an online journal or informational website matter if you’re using their blogspot sub-domain or ➢ Blogger is free for all, and they never ask for a
where the content usually arranged in your custom domain. penny.
chronological order from the most recent post (or - They provide free simple and responsive templates ➢ Though there are many of free blogging platforms
entry) at the top of the main page to the older and also allow you to upload your own theme. In available on the web (like WordPress, Weebly, Wix,
entries towards the bottom. the web lots of free and premium blogger template Tumblr, and others), Blogger.com is the winner of all of
 It is a platform where a writer or even a group of available, so you can install them and customize as them when it comes to giving you freedom and the
writers publish their opinion, thoughts, and you want. features offered.
experiences on an individual subject. - Some cool features like template editor, template ➢ You can set up your custom domain there instated of
 one of the excellent ways to tell the world how designer, and layout editor, are very advantageous. free .blogspot.com subdomain.
you feel about something and by using it, you With the help of the template editor, you edit the ➢ You can configure a free SSL Certificate for your
can express yourself openly that can help you to code of your theme and can customize it as you blog (by simply turning on HTTPS). Now blogger offers
vent off some cool pieces of your mind without like. Template Designer used to design the HTTPS version of both type of sites, so no matter if
offending anyone essential elements of your blog and to add custom you’re using their .blogspot sub-domain or your custom
CSS to your blog. Layout editor helps to place domain.
Here Are Some Compelling Reasons to Start a Blog various widgets at different locations on your blog
1. Blogging Gives You a Platform for Your Voice to by just dragging and dropping. Like other CMS (Content management system),
Be Heard Google blogger also lets you take backup your data.
2. You Learn Countless New Things Every Day Blog post publishing and management system are So, if something wrong happens with your site, then
3. Builds Confidence very easy to use. you can restore it with your backup. Also later, if you
4. You Will Become an Amazing Writer wish to move on other platforms (like WordPress, Wix,
5. Opens Up A New Career Opportunities - The communication system is good also. You can and Weebly) then by using their plugins, you can easily
6. Blogging Makes You a Better Person use its default comment system or can set up switch to them without losing anything.
7. Blogging Helps Other People Facebook, Disqus, Google plus Comments easily.
- Blogger post editor provides all essential tools to Lesson 5. Create a Free Blog with Blogger.Com
➢ They provide free simple and responsive templates write an excellent blog post. It allows you to edit or
and also allow you to upload your own theme. In the modify your article, search description, labels,
web lots of free and premium blogger template location, custom permalink, custom robots tags, 1) Sign Up for a Google Account
available, so you can install them and customize as you image alt tag, blog post scheduling, errors, and 2) Sign in to your Blogger Account
want. redirections, etc. 3) Choose a Blogger Profile
➢ Some cool features like template editor, template - You can monetize your site with Google AdSense 4) Create your blog
designer, and layout editor, are very advantageous. and other programs like affiliate marketing easily 5) Choose your blog title, address and theme
With the help of the template editor, you edit the code of unlike other platforms. 6) Lunch your blog
your theme and can customize it as you like. Template
Designer used to design the essential elements of your How to Customize Your Blogger Blog? Lesson 6. Customizing Themes and Publish Your
blog and to add custom CSS to your blog. Layout editor In your blog dashboard left panel section, you can see Article on Blogger Blog
helps to place various widgets at different locations on “Theme” and “Layout” option. There you can do your all
your blog by just dragging and dropping. customization stuff like new template installation or Steps To Optimize Your Blogger Blog
➢ Blog post publishing and management system are modification, edit or remove blogger widgets, logo setup, In your blog dashboard left side panel you can see the
very easy to use. text color, and style edit and many more. “Setting” option. Now click there to edit some stuff.
➢ The communication system is good also. You can Add a Description for Your Blog
use its default comment system or can set up Customization Allowed In Blogger Theme and Layout Adding a description on your blogger blog is very
Facebook, Disqus, and Google Plus Comments easily. Section necessary, it helps to describe your reader and search
➢ Blogger post editor provides all essential tools to engines that what is your blog about. You can set it by
write an excellent blog post. It allows you to edit or selecting the “basic” settings option under the main
modify your article, search description, labels, location, ➢ You can choose a Template from its available templates settings panel.
custom permalink, custom robots tags, image alt tag, collection, or you can upload your own theme. Also, you Edit Your Post, Comments and Sharing Settings on
blog post scheduling, errors, and redirections, etc. can take backup or restore your blog template anytime by Blogger
➢ You can monetize your site with Google AdSense clicking on the Backup/Restore button on the top right side This section will help you to optimize your blog
and other programs like affiliate marketing easily unlike of the Theme dashboard. By clicking on Customize button, homepage, and you can set up commenting rules for
other platforms. a new template editor will open where you can able to your blog readers. These settings are pretty self-
➢ Like other CMS (Content management system), make some changes such as changing the background, explanatory, and if you have any difficulty to
Google blogger also lets you take backup your data. changing font design and colors, adding Custom CSS, understand, then you can click on the help symbol
So, if something wrong happens with your site, then selecting the layout, etc. (question mark symbol) to get more details about it.
you can restore it with your backup.
➢ You can Edit HTML of the template.
➢ Also later, if you wish to move on other platforms (like Lesson 7. How to Publish Your Article on Blogger
WordPress, Wix, Weebly) then by using their plugins, ➢ You can choose a Mobile Template for your site. Blog
you can easily switch to them without losing anything. ➢ In the Layout section, you can manage your blog layout
by simple drag and drop process. - Once you are ready to publish your first article
➢ You can see the multiple locations in the Layout Editor (post), you need to go to “Posts” tab from your
where you can add various widgets also. blog dashboard and then click on “New Post” or
➢ In the layout section, you can edit Favicon, blog header, “Create a New Post” link to write your content.
footer, sidebar, etc. Now you can see blogger post editor. Here’s
Edit and Modify Blogger Search Preference ➢ You can use the Blogger Teme Designer to change the how the blog post editor screen looks like. Now
Settings to Optimize Your Blog SEO layout widths and other settings. get ready to write an article in a proper format at
In this section, you can optimize your blog for search Compose section. The blogger post editor is
engines. With the help of these setups, you can able to similar to the MS Office or Google doc, so it’s
get better ranking in search engine. very easy working with.
- After finishing your article writing chose a
suitable post title for it and inserted it on post
➢ Edit Meta tags: A Meta tag is a brief and concise title area. You can make your article more
summary of your blog or website. It supposes to install attractive by adding Headings, Sub-Headings,
images, videos, etc. Now when all you are done
after the title of the page. The user of a search engine click on ‘PUBLISH’ button to see your Blog Post
focuses on the description of the post after reading the live. Congratulation for your first post! Now
title of the post. So, keep in mind that it is very much you’re ready for blogging.
necessary that your Meta description must be related to - Keep the process going on and start publishing
what you have written in your blog. Your Meta tag more contents on your blogger blog. After
description must be written within 150 characters. posting some good stories (or articles), you can
➢ Custom page not found: When someone lands on apply for Google Adsense approval, or you can
your site through a URL that no longer exists, you can try for any other advertising platform. This way
set a message to them that the page doesn’t exist. You you to earn money from your free blogger blog.
can set any custom text or HTML message instructing
them what to do next. Lesson 8. Use Labels as Categories on Google
➢ Custom redirects: Using this feature you can Blogger
redirect your full-length permalinks to a shorter one and - Blogger has an inbuilt feature called labels that
also you can redirect your broken links to your site. we can use on our blog post section to arrange
Bloggers custom redirects only support redirection our all posts into a specific category.
within the same blog URL, so this isn’t suitable if you’ve
changed your blog domain name.
➢ Crawlers and indexing: These features are
imperative because doing proper setup there, a chance
to get better ranking in search engine and incorrect
configuration can harm your SERP(Search engine
ranking position) or you may lose your search engine
visibility. So stay away from this part, if you are not
expert.

What Are Labels In Blogger?

- a Label is similar to the category or grouping,
which you can use to group your posts on
blogger
- Labels are acts as a reference in your blogger
search function. When a user searches for a
particular topic on google blogger by using a
label/tag, then the blog engine can list down
those related posts, which are group under that
specific label
How to Use Labels Properly On Google Blogger
- We have a common misconception about
blogger labels; that is, labels/post
categories/tags have SEO value, and adding
keywords into the label section may help to
improve our SEO ranking. But the truth is, they
don’t help in your SEO ranking factor. They help
to organize your content, and they will help your
readers to find related type posts.
- So, entering a lot of keywords into the label
section isn’t a good idea. Google may detect it
as keyword stuffing or spam activity, and SEO
ranking may be affected by doing this. So, stay
away from this, and I think 3 to 4 labels will be
enough to group similar types of posts.

How to Improve SEO?

➢ High Quality Content
➢ Keyword Research
➢ Inbound and Outbound Links
➢ Optimize Website Loading Spee
➢ Clean and Responsive Design