Republic of the Philippines

National Capital Region

DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOL – VALENZUELA
Valenzuela City Technological College
Kamagong Street, Fortune Village VI, Parada, Valenzuela
City
TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
DepEd Order No. 42, s. 2016
PRESENTOR: JHON MARK GARCIA DATE
COURSE: BTVTED
SECTION: AUTOMOTIVE-3B
DAY:
TIME: 10:30AM-1:30PM
I OBJECTIVES

Learning Objectives (CAP)

1. Explain the various woodworking methods the appropriate tools and techniques for each
method.
2. Express appreciation for the craftsmanship involved in carpentry by discussing how careful
planning and execution can enhance the quality of woodworking projects during class
discussions.
3. Demonstrate the correct application of different finishes on a wooden project using at least two
different methods with minimal errors in technique.

II SUBJECT MATTER

TOPIC:
CARPENTRY

REFERENCES:
https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/carpentry-75725768/75725768
MATERIALS:
POWERPOINT, PROJECTOR AND LAPTOP

III PROCEDURES

A ROUTINARY TASK

1. GREETINGS
2. PRAYER
3. CHECKING OF ATTENDANCE
4. MOTIVATION
B RECAP

C LESSON PROPER

Discussion:
Fundamentals of Carpentry

A. Woodworking Methods
1. Planning- Careful planning can prevent mistake and save time, money, materials and
effort.
1. Cutting- cutting woods to the right size and shapes can be done with a variety of hand tools and
machines.

2. Assembling- constructing the parts of the projects based on the planned design.
3. Sanding and finishing- sanding removes tool marks and makes wood surface for finishing.

B. Types of timber Fasteners

1. Nails- either rectangular in shape directly cut from a metal strip or with circular cross section
which were cut directly from wire. It can have classified as Common nails, Flooring nails,
finishing nails, Roofing nails, Boat, etc.

2. Bolts – is the most popular hardware material for fastening timber joints under light or heavy
stresses. It can be classified as Roof Framing Bolts Common, Ordinary or Machine Bolts Strap
bolts, Drift bolts, U – bolts, Dowels, Eye bolts.

2. Dowel - a piece of wood driven into a hole drilled in a masonry wall to receive nails, as for
fastening woodwork. Also called dowel pin, usually round, fitting into holes in two adjacent
pieces to prevent their slipping or to align them.

3. Drift bolts - and pins are long unthreaded steel rods that are driven in pre bored holes for lateral
connections in large timber members. Drift bolts have a head for use with steel side plates and
convenience in driving, while drift pins have no head.

C. Why is it important to apply a finish in woodwork?

1. Protection. Wood is a porous material, capable of soaking in anything that gets on it, such as
oils, dirt, and chemicals. A finish can seal the wood and keep ―gunk out of the grain.
2. Appearance. Finishes like stain will highlight and add some color to the grain, livening it up.
D. Types of Finish
1. Paint is a basic finish that covers and protects the material that it’s applied to.
2. Stain is used over natural woods or plywood so that the grain is visible and
accentuated(intensify), while still adding some color — be it red, dark brown, light brown, etc.
3. Clear Coat
i. Wax is a simple finish to apply, as it’s simply rubbed on and buffed to a sheen. It works
best on fine-grained woods that have been sanded to a smooth surface.
ii. Oils are an easy way to finish woodworking projects as they are simply applied heavily
then wiped down to a dull sheen. They are quick to apply and can be re-coated over
 the years such as linseed oil, Tung oil, mineral oil, shellac, varnish, lacquer,
polyurethane, and polyacryllic.
E. Methods to apply finish
1. Wipe on- Excess is wiped off with a dry rag. This is a quick way to finish projects.
2. Brush on- Brushing a finish is a bit more complex than wiping. It requires cleaning, which can
be difficult, and brushing may also leave marks in the finish, making it doubly important to
purchase quality brushes. Use a brush for stains and obviously paints.
3. Spray On- Paints, stains, and clear coats are available in spray cans these days, which make it
easy to lay down a nice finish without much fuss and cost.

IV EVALUATION
ACTIVITY 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE

1 What is the first step in the woodworking process that helps prevent
mistakes?
A) Cutting
B) Planning
C) Assembling
D) Sanding
Correct Answer: B) Planning
2 Which tool is commonly used for cutting wood to size?
A) Hammer
B) Chisel
C) Circular saw
D) Screwdriver
Correct Answer: C) Circular saw
3 What is the purpose of sanding in woodworking?
A) To assemble parts
B) To finish the wood
C) To remove tool marks and prepare the surface
D) To paint the wood
Correct Answer: C) To remove tool marks and prepare the surface
4 Which of the following is NOT a type of nail?
A) Finishing nails
B) Drift nails
C) Machine bolts
D) Roofing nails
Correct Answer: C) Machine bolts
5 What is the primary purpose of applying a finish to wood?
A) To add color
B) To protect the wood
C) To make it easier to cut
D) To improve the smell
Correct Answer: B) To protect the wood
6 Which type of finish allows the wood grain to remain visible while adding
color?
A) Paint
B) Stain
C) Varnish
D) Wax
Correct Answer: B) Stain
7 What is the main advantage of using spray on finishes?
A) They are the cheapest option.
B) They require no preparation.
 C) They are easy to apply without much fuss.
D) They are available only in clear coats.
Correct Answer: C) They are easy to apply without much fuss.
8 What is the function of a dowel in woodworking?
A) To cut wood
B) To hold two pieces of wood together
C) To finish the surface
D) To provide a decorative touch
Correct Answer: B) To hold two pieces of wood together
9 Which type of bolt is commonly used for fastening timber joints?
A) U-bolt
B) Finishing nails
C) Drift pins
D) Roofing nails
Correct Answer: A) U-bolt
10 What is the recommended method for applying a wax finish?
A) Spray on
B) Brush on
C) Wipe on
D) Apply with a sponge
Correct Answer: C) Wipe on

V ASSIGNMENT
1. What are the four main woodworking methods discussed in the lesson? Briefly describe each method.
2. List and describe three types of timber fasteners.
3. Why is it important to apply a finish to wood? Provide two reasons.

Prepared by: Jhon Mark Garcia Checked by: Jessica V, Lanusga Lpt
Instructor