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Moving Charges and Magnetism Class12 COHSEM

The document covers key concepts in moving charges and magnetism, including the relationship between electricity and magnetism, Biot-Savart Law, and Ampere's Circuital Law. It explains the Lorentz force on moving charges, the force on current-carrying conductors, and the magnetic dipole moment of current loops. Additionally, it highlights the working principles of a moving coil galvanometer and important exam topics related to these concepts.

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11 views2 pages

Moving Charges and Magnetism Class12 COHSEM

The document covers key concepts in moving charges and magnetism, including the relationship between electricity and magnetism, Biot-Savart Law, and Ampere's Circuital Law. It explains the Lorentz force on moving charges, the force on current-carrying conductors, and the magnetic dipole moment of current loops. Additionally, it highlights the working principles of a moving coil galvanometer and important exam topics related to these concepts.

Uploaded by

nongsabasapam455
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Class 12 Physics – Moving Charges and

Magnetism (COHSEM/NCERT)

1. Introduction
• Electricity and magnetism are related phenomena.
• Ørsted’s experiment showed that a current-carrying conductor produces a magnetic field.

2. Biot–Savart Law
• Magnetic field due to a small current element is given by: dB = (µ■/4π) * (I dl × r■) / r²
• Applications: (i) Field on the axis of a circular current loop, (ii) Field due to a long straight wire.

3. Ampere’s Circuital Law


• ■ B·dl = µ■ I_enclosed
• Applications: (i) Long straight conductor, (ii) Solenoid, (iii) Toroid.

4. Magnetic Force on Moving Charge (Lorentz Force)


• F = q(v × B)
• Motion of charged particle in uniform B → circular/helical path.
• Cyclotron: Principle, working, frequency expression.

5. Force on Current-Carrying Conductor


• F = I (l × B)
• Force between two parallel conductors → definition of 1 Ampere.
• Torque on a current loop in uniform magnetic field → basis of moving coil galvanometer.

6. Magnetic Dipole Moment


• For a current loop: µ = I × A
• Torque: τ = µ × B

7. Current Loop as a Magnetic Dipole


• Current loop behaves like a bar magnet.
• Magnetic moment of revolving electron → Bohr model concept.

8. Moving Coil Galvanometer


• Principle and working.
• Current sensitivity and voltage sensitivity.
• Conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.
Important for Exams
• Derivation of magnetic field at center of a circular loop (Biot–Savart).
• Magnetic field due to solenoid and toroid (Ampere’s law).
• Force between two parallel conductors.
• Cyclotron principle and derivation.
• Torque on a current loop in uniform magnetic field.
• Moving coil galvanometer – conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.

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