One Body An Essay In Christian Sexual Ethics

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One Body An Essay In Christian
Sexual Ethics

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 One Body An Essay In
Christian Sexual Ethics

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.
The Project Gutenberg eBook of A Biography
of Rev. Henry Ward Beecher
 This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United
States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away
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included with this ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you
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laws of the country where you are located before using this
eBook.

Title: A Biography of Rev. Henry Ward Beecher

Author: William Constantine Beecher

Mrs. H. W. Beecher
Samuel Scoville

Release date: August 10, 2017 [eBook #55330]

Most recently updated: October 23, 2024

Language: English

Credits: Produced by KD Weeks, Richard Hulse and the Online

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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A BIOGRAPHY OF

REV. HENRY WARD BEECHER ***
 Transcriber’s Note:
Footnotes have been moved to follow the paragraphs
in which they are referenced, have been numbered
sequentially, and are linked for ease of reference.
Illustrations have been moved to fall on paragraph
breaks.
Minor errors, attributable to the printer, have been
corrected. Please see the transcriber’s note at the end of
this text for details regarding the handling of any textual
issues encountered during its preparation.
Any corrections are indicated using an underline
highlight. Placing the cursor over the correction will
produce the original text in a small popup.

BIOGRAPHY
OF
Rev. Henry Ward Beecher.
 A BIOGRAPHY
OF
REV. HENRY WARD BEECHER.

BY
Wm. C. Beecher and Rev. Samuel Scoville,

ASSISTED BY
MRS. HENRY WARD BEECHER.

New York:
CHARLES L. WEBSTER & COMPANY.

1888.

Copyrighted by

CHARLES L. WEBSTER & COMPANY,

1888
(All rights reserved.)
 JENKINS & McCOWAN, PRINTERS,
224, 226 and 228 Centre St, N. Y.

To Our Mother,
WHOSE FAITHFUL LOVE AND PATIENT SELF-DEVOTION
COMFORTED

AND STRENGTHENED OUR BELOVED FATHER

DURING TROUBLES, BLESSED AND ENCOURAGED

HIM IN PROSPERITY,

A TRUE COMPANION AND DEVOTED HELPMEET,

WE DEDICATE THIS STORY OF HIS LIFE.
 CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

PAGE

Ancestry—Beecher—Ward—Foote—The Anvil—The Oak 17-29

—Courtship and Marriage of Lyman Beecher and
Roxana Foote—Home at East Hampton, Long Island
—Removal to Litchfield, Connecticut

CHAPTER II.

Litchfield—Situation—Natural Features—Early Settlers— 30-45

Social and Moral Advantages—Patriotism—North
Street described—The Beecher Home—Birth of Henry
Ward—The Times at Home and Abroad—His Birth-
Mark

CHAPTER III.

Early Glimpses—Recollections of the Mother—Going to 46-71

School at Ma’am Kilbourne’s—His First Letter—District
School—The Coming of the New Mother—His First
Ride on Horseback—A Merry Household—Fishing
 Excursions—Minister’s Wood-Spell—Saturday Night—
Going to Meeting—The Puritan Sabbath—The Cold of
Litchfield Hill—Rats—Work—The Catechism—
Formative Influences—Summing Up

CHAPTER IV.

Boyhood—Sent to School at Bethlehem—The Widow 72-81

Ingersoll’s—Failure—A Champion—Sent to Catharine
Beecher’s School in Hartford—Humorous Incidents—
Religious Experience

CHAPTER V.

Boston—Home Atmosphere—Various Experiences— 82-92

Ethics rubbed in by a Six-pound Shot—Discontent—
Makes up his Mind to go to Sea—To Study Navigation
—Picture of his Life in Boston

CHAPTER VI.

School-Life at Mount Pleasant—Mathematics—Elocution 93-108

—Testimony of Classmates—Religious Experiences—
Troubles—A Romantic Friendship—Another Kind—
Letter of Reminiscence—A Royal School-Boy

CHAPTER VII.

Amherst College—Private Journal—Testimony of 109-135

Classmates—Tutor’s Delight—Begins his Anti-Slavery
Career—Spiritual Darkness—Engagement—Letters of
his Mother—Experiences in Teaching School—First
Sermons—Lecturing—His Reading—The Record
 CHAPTER VIII.

Lane Seminary—Dr. Beecher Called—Home at Walnut 136-156

Hills—Amusing Incidents—Family Meeting—Death of
Mrs. Beecher—Extracts from Journal—First Mention
of Preaching in the West—Experience in Ecclesiastical
Matters—Despondency—Meeting of Synod—
Influences of the Times—Revulsion—A Rift along the
Horizon—“Full iolly Knight”

CHAPTER IX.

Call to Preach—License—Examination by Miami 157-180

Presbytery—Refusal to Subscribe to Old School—
Ordination by Oxford Presbytery—Visit East—
Marriage—Housekeeping

CHAPTER X.

The New Field—Growth of Influence—Social Life—The 181-209

Secret of Effective Preaching—Editorial Labors—
Lectures to Young Men—Call to Brooklyn—Departure

CHAPTER XI.

Invitation to come East—Call to Plymouth Church— 210-224

Friendly Misgivings—Plainly Outlining his Views—
Early Success—Plymouth Burned—Preaching in the
Tabernacle

CHAPTER XII.
Plymouth Church—The New Building—Sabbath Service 225-232
—Prayer-Meeting—Weekly Lecture—Socials—Church
Polity—The Pastor’s Policy

CHAPTER XIII.

Beginning of the Great Battle—Five Great Eras— 233-270

Compromise Measures of 1850—“Shall We
Compromise”—The Fugitive Slave Law denounced—
Right of Free Speech defended—Commercial Liberty
—Fighting Caste—Liberty of the Pulpit defended—
Quickness of Retort—Sentiment of the Times—
Reaction—Visit of Kossuth—Election of 1852—The
Parker Controversy—Degraded into Liberty—John
Mitchel—Garrison—Close of this Era

CHAPTER XIV.

The Battle renewed—Repeal of the Missouri 271-291

Compromise proposed—The Struggle in Congress—
Mr. Beecher’s Appeals—The Battle lost in Congress is
transferred to the Territories—Forces engaged—
Kansas War—Dred Scott Decision—Mr. Beecher’s
Defence of Kansas—“Beecher’s Bibles”—Charles
Sumner attacked in the Senate—The Fremont
Campaign—The Dog Noble

CHAPTER XV.

Remarkable Experiences—The Edmonson Sisters—Pinky 292-308

and her Freedom-Ring—Slave Auction in Plymouth
Church—John Brown—The Wrong and Right Way—
 Election of Abraham Lincoln—Secession—Buchanan’s
Fast

CHAPTER XVI.

War Begun—Firing upon Fort Sumter—“The American 309-338

Eagle as you want it”—Death of Col. Ellsworth—
Equips his Sons—Personal Feeling yields to Patriotism
—His House a Store-house of Military Supplies—
Sends a Regiment as his Substitute—Our National
Flag—The Camp, its Dangers and Duties—Bull Run—
Becomes Editor of the Independent—Salutatory—The
Trent Affair—Fight, Tax—Soldiers or Ferrets—
Characteristics as an Editor—One Nation, one
Constitution, one Starry Banner—McClellan Safe, and
Richmond too—Mildly carrying on War—The Root of
the Matter—The only Ground—A Queer Pulpit—
President’s Proclamation of Emancipation—Let come
what will—Close of the Third Era

CHAPTER XVII.

First Voyage to England—Extracts from Diary—Warwick 339-349

Castle—Stratford-on-Avon—The Skylark—Oxford—
Bodleian Library—London—Old-time Sadness—Paris
—Catch-Words from Diary—Effect of Picture-Gallery—
The Louvre—His Return

CHAPTER XVIII.

Church and Steamboat—Jenny Lind—Hospitality— 350-395

Colonel Pertzel—The Family—Twins—Medicine—
Giving Counsel—For the Sailor—An Absurd Story
contradicted—Salisbury—Trouting—Death of Alfred
 and Arthur—Letters to his Daughter at School—
Lenox—Equivocal Honors declined—The Pulpit
—“Plymouth Collection”—“Shining Shore“—A Church
Liturgy—Courting with his Father’s old Love-letters—
1857 a Year of Trial—Matteawan—Visit to Litchfield—
1858 a Year of Harvest—Revival Meetings—
Hospitality of Plymouth Church—Courtesy to Errorists
—New Organ—Peekskill—Letters to his Daughter
abroad—Marriage of his Daughter—Lecturing—Title
of D. D. declined—Flowers in Church—Christian
Liberty in the use of the Beautiful—His two Lines of
Labor

CHAPTER XIX.

Visit to England in 1863—The Need of Rest—Condition 396-407

of Affairs at Home—Arrival at Liverpool—Refusal to
Speak—Visit to the Continent—Reception by the King
of Belgium—Civil War discussed—News of Victories—
Return to England

CHAPTER XX.

Facing the Mob in Manchester—Glasgow—Edinburgh—Desperate

Attempts to break Mr. Beecher down at Liverpool— 408-442
Victory in London

CHAPTER XXI.

Close of the War—Distrust of the Administration— 443-456

Kindlier Feelings after Mr. Beecher’s Return from
England—Growing Confidence—Intimacy with
 Secretary Stanton—Fort Sumter—Lee’s Surrender—
Lincoln’s Death

CHAPTER XXII.

Reconstruction—Mr. Beecher favors speedy 457-478

Readmission—Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Convention at
Cleveland—The “Cleveland Letters” cause great
Excitement

CHAPTER XXIII.

The “Silver Wedding” of Plymouth Church—Children’s 479-487

Day—Services in the Church—Reunion of old
Members—Historical Reminiscences—Dr. Storrs’s
Tribute

CHAPTER XXIV.

The Conspiracy—Relations with Mr. Bowen—Disputes 488-522

and Arbitration—Theodore Tilton’s Early Promise and
Intimacy with Mr. Beecher—Bowen’s Ill-Will and
Tilton’s Malice—Tilton discharged from Independent
and Brooklyn Union—Tripartite Agreement—Moulton
and Tilton Conspire to Blackmail Mr. Beecher—Tilton
consults Dr. Storrs

CHAPTER XXV.

After-Effects—Charges against Tilton—Advisory Council 523-536

—Investigating Committee called by Mr. Beecher—Its
Report—Dropping Mr. Moulton—Council called by
Plymouth Church
 CHAPTER XXVI.

After-Effects of the Conspiracy—Calling Council of 1876 537-563

—Principle of Selection—Mr. Beecher cautions his
Church—Bowen Reappears; Proposes a Secret
Tribunal—Mr. Beecher’s Reply—Bowen Dropped by
Plymouth Church—Deliverance of Council sustaining
Plymouth—Mr. Beecher’s Persecutors Denounced—
Special Tribunal

CHAPTER XXVII.

Rest and renewed Activity—Lecturing Tours— 564-570

Resignation from the Congregational Association—
Boston Criticisms

CHAPTER XXVIII.

Attacking Corrupt Judges—Interest in Political 571-587

Questions—Advocating Arthur’s Renomination—
Opposing Blaine—Supporting Cleveland—Campaign
of 1884—After the Battle

CHAPTER XXIX.

A Preacher—His Place—His Training—His Estimate of 588-613

the Work—Defects—Effectual Call—Upon Drawing an
Audience—His Theory—Preparation—Results—A
Theologian—His Orthodoxy—Evolution—Ordinances
—Christian Unity—Sectarianism—Peacemaker

CHAPTER XXX.
Love of the Country—Communion with Nature— 614-638
Farming at Salisbury—Lenox—Matteawan—The
Peekskill Farm

CHAPTER XXXI.

Home Life—Love of Children—His Method of Training 639-664

and Education—Formation of Library and Art
Collection—Personal Traits

CHAPTER XXXII.

1886—England Revisited—Speaking in the City Temple 665-683

—Westminster Abbey—Lecturing through Great
Britain—Addressing the Theological Students at City
Temple—“Life of Christ”—Sickness—Rest

Appendix 687
 ILLUSTRATIONS.

PAGE
1. Anvil and Oak Stump 18
2. Foote Coat-of-Arms 21
3. Church in which Lyman Beecher preached, 28
in East Hampton, L. I.
4. Beecher Residence at Litchfield 39
5. Room in which Mr. Beecher was born 43
6. Elms and Well which mark the Site of the 45
“Beecher House” in Litchfield
7. Facsimile of the first Letter of Mr. Beecher 50
8. Ingersoll House 73
9. Stairs in Catharine Beecher’s House in 111
Hartford
10. Mr. Beecher at the time of his Marriage 168
11. Mrs. Beecher at the time of her Marriage 169
12. Church at Indianapolis Facing page 182
13. Mr. Beecher’s House at Indianapolis ” ” 202
14. Mr. Beecher and his Father at time of Call ” ” 210
to Brooklyn,
15. Pinky’s Freedom-Ring 295
16. Mr. Beecher in 1850 367
17. Mr. Beecher at the Close of the War 445
18. Mr. Beecher and his Sister, Mrs. H. E. B. 525
Stowe
19. Cottage at Peekskill 619
20. Old Apple-Tree 621
21. Mr. Beecher on his Farm 625
22. House at Peekskill 631
23. Hall in New House at Peekskill 633
24. Mr. and Mrs. Beecher at the time of Visit 667
to England in 1886
25. Lying in State in Plymouth Church 679
 PREFACE.

A few months prior to his death our father undertook the

preparation of his Autobiography. This was earnestly encouraged by
his family, who shared with the public the desire that he should tell
the tale of his life in his own words, giving those pictures of his inner
self, the impressions made on him by his varying experiences, that
he alone could give, and which, to a large extent, he alone knew.
Confiding and free-spoken as he was in his joys, in his griefs he
withdrew within himself, bearing in patient silence a load of sorrow
unknown even to those nearest to him. But it was not to be. He had
only jotted down a rough outline of his plan, and written a part of an
intermediate chapter, when he laid down his pen for a little rest,
never to be resumed again.
In his contract with our publishers but a single volume of not less
than six hundred pages was contemplated. Unconscious of its
magnitude, we undertook to complete the contract. Accepting the
limitations of a single volume, we began to collect the necessary
material, and, when too late to change the form of the work,
discovered that two volumes would hardly contain the history as it
opened up to us, so closely interwoven has his life been with the
nation’s history, and so full of important incidents. In the work of
condensation, to bring our story within the space prescribed, we
found it necessary to omit many of his letters, hoping that in the not
far-distant future we might publish a supplemental volume
containing all of his important correspondence.
The book before us we have sought, as far as possible, to make
autobiographic, telling the tale in our father’s words; happily the
many letters furnished us by friends, or retained in the family, his
public writings and utterances, supplemented by the many personal
reminiscences which he gave us at various times, has enabled us to
do so to a large extent.
We are fully conscious of the imperfect manner in which we have
woven these quotations into our story; the ordinary writer who
attempts to connect with his words those glowing sentences white-
hot with his fiery indignation against slavery, or his eloquent appeal
to the English public for fair-dealing, or the brilliant play of wit and
fancy in his more humorous utterances, can hope, at the most, to
give but a respectable background that may aid by contrast.
We have sought to make this book a truthful history from the
beginnings of his life, through boyhood, manhood, and ripened age,
to the end, omitting no important period, though passing
innumerable incidents.
A man loving peace, he reached peace only through war. From his
early manhood he was called to meet in deadly combat the great
sins of the nation. Through his life, at different times, he met and
overcame bitter and deadly assaults made upon him.
In our narration of these events we have had no revenge to
gratify nor theory to maintain. We have tried to give only facts,
omitting deductions or conclusions, leaving each reader to draw his
own inferences. If parts of our narrative bear hardly on any, it is only
the pressure of the facts which cannot be suppressed in any
fearless, truthful portrayal of our father’s life. We do not make them;
we merely state them.
We would acknowledge our indebtedness to the many friends who
have kindly furnished letters and reminiscences, but especially to our
mother, whose memory, running back along the paths they travelled
for so many years together, has given to us much that never would
otherwise have been known.
If our readers get from a perusal of these pages a tithe of the
comfort and inspiration which we have obtained from their
preparation, we shall feel that our work has not been in vain.
If they can see something of the fearlessness for right, the
patience under unjust suffering, the inextinguishable love for fellow-
men, and the abiding faith in God, that has been revealed by a study
of his life even to us, who knew him best, we shall be satisfied.
W. C. Beecher,
Samuel Scoville.
Brooklyn, March 12, 1888.
 CHAPTER I.

Ancestry—Beecher—Ward—Foote—The Anvil—The Oak—Courtship and Marriage

of Lyman Beecher and Roxana Foote—Home at East Hampton, Long Island—
Removal to Litchfield, Connecticut.

Henry Ward Beecher used to say that the first thing for a man to
do, if he would succeed in life, is to “choose a good father and
mother to be born of.” He himself was eminently wise, or fortunate,
as the case may be, in this matter.
“My earthly life,” he says, “was given me by two of the best folks
that ever lived on earth.” His father, Lyman Beecher, was one of the
leading preachers, reformers, and controversialists of his day. Sturdy
in body and mind, full of sensibility, aflame with enthusiasm, devoted
to the highest aims and utterly unselfish in life, a Christian in whom
deep spirituality and strong common sense were happily blended, he
was just the man to transmit excellent qualities to his children; a
father to be enjoyed while living, and to be remembered with love
and reverence after his death.
Of him his son says: “While he was eloquent and among the
foremost speakers of his day, I remember particularly that I never
heard from him a word of uncharitableness, nor saw a symptom of
envy or jealousy, or aught else but the most enthusiastic love of
men, and of young men and young ministers; and knowing him in
the household, I have yet to know another person that was so
devoid of the inferior feelings and so eminent in the topmost feelings
of human nature.”
Lyman’s father’s name was David, a well-read, clear-headed man,
with decided opinions upon the questions of the day; one with