DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, (JOKA) SOUTH KOLKATA

Mid Term Examination

2024- 2025
Subject: Physics Time: 3 Hrs
Class: XII Full marks: 70
Name: Sec: Roll No. Invigilator’s Sign

• Please check that this question paper contains 08 pages.

• Please check that the question paper contains 33 questions.
• Please write down the serial number of the questions before attempting them.
• 15 minutes time has been allotted to read this question paper. The question
paper will be distributed at 8.30 am. From 8.30 am to 8.45 am students will only
read the question paper and will not write any answer on the answer script
during this time. Writing time is from 8:45 am to 11:45 am.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
• All questions are compulsory. There are 33 questions in all.
• This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
• Section A - Question number 1 to 12 contains twelve MCQ based questions of 1 mark each,
Question number 13 to 16 contains four assertion reasoning MCQ based questions of 1 mark
each.
• Section B - Question number 17 to 21 contains five short answer questions of 2 marks each.
• Section C - Question number 22 to 28 contains seven short answer questions of 3 marks each
• Section D - Question number 29 to 30 contains two case based questions of 4 marks each.
• Section E – Question number 31 to 33 contains three long answer questions of 5 marks each
• There is no overall choice. However internal choices are there in question number 19, 27, 31, 32
and 33.

SECTION A

1. A uniform electric field pointing in positive X-direction exists in a region. Let A be the origin, B be
the point on the X-axis at x = + 1 cm and C be the point on the Y-axis at y = +1 cm. Then the
potential at points A, B and C satisfy.

(a) VA < VB
(b) VA > VB
(c) VA < VC
(d) VA > VC [1]

2. Which of the following is NOT the property of electric lines of force?

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 (a) They do not intersect each other
(b) The lines of force start from the positive charge and end at the negative
charge.
(c) The lines of force contract longitudinally
(d) The lines of force pass through a conductor [1]

3. How much work is done in moving a charge 500µC charge between two points on an equipotential
surface?

(a) 500 J
(b) 1 J
(c) 0 J.
(d) 2 J [1]

4. Resistance of a conductor increases with the rise of temperature, because

(a) relaxation time decreases

(b) relaxation time increases
(c) electron density decreases
(d) electron density increases [1]

5. Kirchhoff’s first law, ∑ I = 0 at a junction, deals with the conservation of

(a) charge
(b) energy
(c) momentum
(d) angular momentum [1]

6. To convert a galvanometer into an voltmeter, we connect

(a) low resistance in series

(b) low resistance in parallel
(c) high resistance in series
(d) high resistance in parallel [1]

7. When a charged particle moves perpendicular to a magnetic field, then

(a) speed of the particle is changed

(b) speed of the particle remains unchanged
(c) direction of the particle remains unchanged
(d) acceleration of the particle remains unchanged [1]

8. The meniscus of a liquid contained in one of the limbs of a narrow U-tube is held in an
electromagnet with the meniscus in line with the field. The liquid is seen to rise. This indicates the
liquid is:

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 (a) ferromagnetic
(b) paramagnetic
(c) diamagnetic
(d) non-magnetic [1]

9. A conductor of length L is moved perpendicular to uniform magnetic field B with velocity V as

shown in figure. The e.m.f. induced across the length of the conductor is

(a) zero
(b) BLV
(c) BLV/2
(d) BL2V/2 [1]

10. In a series LCR circuit, the voltage across the resistance, capacitance and inductance is 10 V each.
If the capacitance is short circuited the voltage across the inductance will be

(a) 10 V
(b) 10√2 V
(c) 10/√2 V
(d) 20 V [1]

11. Alternating current cannot be measured by d.c. ammeter, because:

(a) a.c. cannot pass through a.c. ammeter

(b) a.c. changes direction
(c) average value of current of complete cycle is zero
(d) a.c. ammeter will get damaged [1]

12. The SI unit of displacement current is

(a) H
(b) A
(c) Fm-1
(d) C [1]

DIRECTION: For question number 13 to 16, two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the
other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and
(d) as given below.

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 a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false and R is also false

13. Assertion: The Coulomb force is the dominating force in the Universe.
Reason: The Coulomb force is weaker than the gravitational force. [1]

14. Assertion: Ammeter is connected in series with the circuit.

Reason: Resistance of an ammeter is very large. [1]

15. Assertion: A transformer can be used to increase/decrease both voltage and current.
Reason: In transformer, epIp = esIs and accordingly, if we gain in voltage, we lose in current and
vice-versa. [1]

16. Assertion: Steel is preferred for making permanent magnet, although soft iron can be easily
magnetized.
Reason: It is because; coercivity for steel is quite large as compared to soft iron. [1]

SECTION B

17. Given figure shows tracks of three charged particles crossing a uniform electrostatic field with
same velocities along horizontal. Give the signs of the three charges. Which particle has the
highest charge to mass ratio?
[2]

18. Derive a relation between drift velocity of electron and electric current [2]

19. Deduce dimensional formula for potential difference [2]

Or
Two parallel resistors of 5 Ω and 20 Ω are connected in left arm of a meter bridge. If the null point
is at 40 cm from left end of the wire, calculate the value of resistance connected in right arm.

20. Give any four properties of paramagnetic substance. [2]

21. Name the part of the electromagnetic spectrum which is suitable for
(i) radar system used in aircraft navigation
(ii) treatment of cancer tumors
(iii) sterilizing surgical instruments
(iv) viewing objects through haze and fog [2]

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 SECTION C

22. (a) Define electric flux and write its SI unit.

(b) Use Gauss᾿s law to obtain the expression for the electric field due to a uniformly charged
infinite plane sheet of charge [1+2=3]

23. Find the expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor of plate area A and plate
separation d when (I) a dielectric slab of thickness t and (II) a metallic slab of thickness t, where (t
< d) are introduced one by one between the plates of the capacitor. In which case would the
capacitance be more and why? [3]

24. A galvanometer has a resistance of 100 Ω. A resistance of one ohm is connected across its
terminals. What part of the total current flows through the galvanometer? Draw the necessary
circuit diagram. [3]

25. Apply Kirchhoff’s laws to obtain the condition of balanced Wheatstone bridge. [3]

26. How do paramagnetic and diamagnetic substances behave, when placed in an external magnetic
field? Sketch the magnetic field lines in both the cases and distinguish between these in terms of
magnetic susceptibility. [3]

27. State and explain Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction. [3]

Or
Derive an expression for (i) induced e.m.f. and (ii) induced current, when a conductor of length l is
moved with a uniform velocity v normal to the uniform magnetic field B. Assume the resistance of
the conductor to be R. [3]

28.

The large-scale transmission and distribution of electrical energy over long distances is done with the
use of transformers. The voltage output of the generator is stepped-up. It is then transmitted over long
distances to an area sub-station near the consumers. There the voltage is stepped down. It is further
stepped down at distributing sub-stations and utility poles before a power supply of 240 V reaches our
homes.
(a) A power transmission line feeds input power at 2300 V to a step down transformer with its
primary windings having 4000 turns. What will be the number of turns in the secondary in order to
get output power at 230 V?

(b) Give two reasons for power loss in transformer. [2+1=3]

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 SECTION D

DIRECTION: Question number 29 and 30 contains Case Study based questions and it is compulsory.
Attempt all 4 sub parts from these questions. Each sub part carries 1 mark.

29. The electromagnetic spectrum consists of visible light, x- rays, gamma rays, microwaves, ultraviolet
rays, radio waves and infrared waves. The waves used in radio and television communication are
the radio waves having frequency range 500 kHz to 1000MHz. In the ultrahigh frequency bands
cellular phone uses the radio waves to transmit the voice. Microwaves are the waves having short
wavelength. In aircraft navigation, for the radar system microwaves are used due to their short
wavelength. Infrared waves are also called as heat waves. Infrared radiation has most importance
in maintaining earth’s surface temperature through greenhouse effect. The infrared waves have
vast application in real life such as infrared detectors are used for military purposes and also to see
the growth of crops. The waves which are visible to human eye are the visible rays. Visible rays are
having frequency range as 4 x 1014 Hz to 7 x 1014 Hz. The huge source of ultraviolet light is the sun.
Ultraviolet rays have wavelength range from 4 x 10-7 m to 6 x 10-10 m. X-rays are the rays having
most importance in medical applications which are having wavelength range 10nm to 10-4 nm. X-
rays are used to destroy the living tissue and organisms in medical field. Then gamma rays are the
rays having wavelength range as 10-10 m to 10-14 m which are the high frequency radiations mostly
produced in nuclear reactions. Gamma rays are also used to destroy cancer cells in medical field.
[4]

(i) The TV waves range from which are the radio waves.
a) 54Hz to 890Hz
b) 54 MHz to 890 MHz
c) 500 kHz to 1000 MHz
d) 1000 Hz to 1000 KHz
(ii) The domestic application of microwaves used is
a) electric induction
b) water heater
c) TV
d) microwave oven
(iii) The part of the electromagnetic spectrum which is detected by human eye is having
wavelength range as
a) 900 – 400 nm
b) 200 – 400 mm
c) 700 – 400 mm
d) 700 – 400 nm
(iv) Which has the longest wavelength?
a) Radio waves
b) X-rays
c) Ultraviolet rays
d) Infra-red rays

30. Lenz's law states that the direction of induced current in a circuit is such that it opposes the
change which produces it. Thus, if the magnetic flux linked with a closed circuit increases, the
induced current flows in such a direction that magnetic flux is created in the opposite direction of

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 the original magnetic flux. If the magnetic flux linked with the closed circuit decreases, the
induced current flows in such a direction so as to create magnetic flux in the direction of the
original flux. [4]

(i) Which of the following statements is correct?

(a) The induced e.m.f is not in the direction opposing the change in magnetic flux so
as to oppose the cause which produces it.
(b) The relative motion between the coil and magnet produces change
in magnetic flux.
(c) Emf is induced only if the magnet is moved towards coil.
(d) Emf is induced only if the coil is moved towards magnet.
(ii) The polarity of induced emf is given by

(a) Ampere’s circuital law.

(b) Biot-Savart law.
(c) Lenz’s law.
(d) Fleming’s right hand rule.

(iii) Lenz's law is a consequence of the law of conservation of

(a) Charge.
(b) Mass.
(c) Momentum.
(d) Energy.

(iv) The magnetic flux linked with a coil varies with time as Φ = 2t2 - 6t + 5, where Φ is in weber and t is
in seconds. The induced current is zero at:

(a) t = 0 s
(b) t = 1.5 s
(c) t = 3 s
(d) t = 4.5 s

SECTION E

31. (a) Define electric potential at a point. When kept in an electric field, does a proton move from
lower to higher potential or from higher to lower potential region?

(b) Derive an expression for the potential at a point along the axial line of a short electric
dipole. [5]

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 OR

(a) Find the effective resistance between points P and Q, if each capacitor has a
capacitance of 6µF. [5]

(b) Find the ratio of charges on capacitors C1 and C4, if the potential difference between
points P and Q is 10 V.

32. (a) State Biot-Savart law.

(b) Using Biot-Savart law, derive an expression for magnetic field at the centre of a current
carrying circular loop [2+3 = 5]
OR
State and explain Ampere’s circuital law. By applying this law, obtain an expression for
the magnetic field at a point well inside the solenoid carrying current. [2+3 = 5]

33. (a) If I = 3t2, find the average current in 2 seconds. [5]

(b)

Given, R = 8 Ω, L = 0.3 H, i(t) = 10 Sin (20t + 300)

Find (i) Inductive Reactance (XL), (ii) Impedance (Z), (iii) Peak Voltage (Vo), (iv) Voltage at time t [V
(t)], (v) Instantaneous Voltage across R [VR (t)], (vi) Instantaneous Voltage across L [VL (t)]
OR
(a) With the help of a diagram, explain the principle of a device which changes a low ac
voltage into a high voltage . Deduce the expression for the ratio of secondary voltage
to the primary voltage in terms of the ratio of the number of turns of primary and
secondary winding. For an ideal transformer, obtain the ratio of primary and
secondary currents in terms of the ratio of the voltages in the secondary and primary
coils.

(b) Write any two sources of the energy losses which occur in actual transformers.

(c) A step-up transformer converts a low input voltage into a high output voltage. Does
it violate law of conservation of energy? Explain. [5]