Mathematics-III (MAC331) Problem Set

Complex Analysis

(1) Discuss the continuity and uniformly continuity for the following functions:
(
|z|
1 1 z if 0 < |z| ≤ 1
(a) f (z) = (|z| < 1), (b) f (z) = (|z| > 1), (c) f (z) =
1−z z 0 if z = 0,
(
Rez
z if 0 < |z| < 1
(d) f (z) =
0 if z = 0.

(2) Discuss the continuity of

 2
 (Rez) (Imz) if z 6= 0
f (z) = |z|2
0 if z = 0


at the all points of C.

(3) Find the limit lim f (z) when

z→0
xy xy x xy 3 x8
(a) f (z) = 2 + 2xi, (b) f (z) = + 2 i, (c) f (z) = + i.
x + y2 x2 + y y x3 + y 3 y2 + 1
(4) If f (0, 0) = 0, which of the following functions are continuous at the origin?
x2 y 2 x2 y 2 x3 y 2 (x + y 2 )2
(a) f (x, y) = 4 , (b) f (x, y) = , (c) f (x, y) = , (d) f (x, y) = .
x + y4 (x2 + y 2 )2 (x2 + y 2 )2 x2 + y 2

(5) Determine where the following functions satisfy the Cauchy-Riemann equations, and where
the functions are differentiable:
(a) f (z) = z 2 , (b) f (z) = x2 − y 2 , (c) f (z) = 2xyi, (d) f (z) = x2 − y 2 + 2xyi,
1 1
(e) f (z) = zRez, (f) f (z) = z|z|, (g) f (z) = |RezImz| 2 , (h) f (z) = |RezImz| 3 ,
(i) f (z) = zImz, (j) f (z) = 2z + 4z̄ + 5.

(6) Show that at z = 0 the function f defined by

3 3
 (1 + i)x − (1 − i)y

for x + iy 6= 0
f (x + iy) = x2 + y 2
0 for x = y = 0


satisfies the Cauchy-Riemann equations but it is not differentiable.

(7) If f (z) is continuous at a point z0 , show that f (z) is also continuous at z0 . Is the same
true for differentiability at z0 ?

(8) If f (z) is continuous at a point z0 , then show that f (z) is also continuous at z0 . Is the
same is true for the differentiability at z0 ?

(9) Find restrictions on the constants a, b, c so that the following functions are entire:
(a) f (z) = x + ay − i(bx + cy)
(b) f (z) = ax2 − by 2 + icxy
(c) f (z) = ex cos ay + iex sin(y + b) + c
(d) f (z) = a(x2 + y 2 ) + ibxy + c

(10) Let
( −1
e z4 if z 6= 0
f (z) =
0 if z = 0
Show that
(a) f (z) satisfies the Cauchy-Riemann equations everywhere
(b) f (z) is analytic everywhere except at z = 0
(c) f (z) is not continuous at z = 0.

1
(11) Using the Cauchy-Riemann equation, find all the analytic functions f = u + iv, where u is
given as below:
x
(a) u(x, y) = 2 , (x, y) ∈ R2 \(0, 0)
x + y2
(b) u(x, y) = sin x cosh y, (x, y) ∈ R2
(c) u(x, y) = x3 − 3xy 2 − 2x, (x, y) ∈ R2
(d) u(x, y) = x2 − y 2 − 2xy + 2x − 3y, (x, y) ∈ R2

(12) Let f = u + iv be an entire function such that

u + v = 2e−x (cos y − sin y).

Construct f in terms of z.

(13) For what nonnegative integer values of n is the real-valued function u(x, y) = xn − y n
harminic? Find the corresponding harmonic conjugate function in each positive values of
n.

(14) Show that u(x, y) = xy is harmonic in R2 . Find the conjugate harmonic function v(x, y)
in R2 . Write u + iv in terms of z.

(15) Choose the constant a so that the function u = ax2 y − y 3 + xy is harmonic, and find all
harmonic conjugates.

(16) Choose the constant a so that u = ax3 + xy 2 + x is harmonic in C and find all analytic
functions f whose real part is the given u.

(17) If f = u + iv is analytic on a domain D, then show that uv is harmonic on D.

(18) Find the radius of convergence for

∞ ∞ ∞ n ∞   n2 ∞
X nk n X
k n n
X i −1 n X 1 n
X n2 + 5n + 3in n
(a) n
z , (b) (n +a )z , (c) z , (d) 1 + z , (e) z ,
n=1
a n=1 n=1
n n=1
n n=0
2n + 1
∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞
X (n!)2 n X 1
X X n! n X z 2n X 3n
(f) z , (g) n n (z+i)n , (h) n!z n , (i) n
z , (j) n nk
, (k) 2 + 4n
z 2n ,
n=1
(2n)! n=1 n=1 n=1
n n=1
4 n=1
n
∞ ∞ 2 ∞ ∞
X zn X zn X 2n + 3 n n X
n n2
(l) , (m) , (n) z , (o) 2 z .
n=1
2n2 n=1
2n n=1
4n + 5 n n=1
Z
(19) Find z dz along the following curves:
C

(a) z(t) = eit , (−π ≤ t ≤ π),

(b) z(t) = e2it , (−π ≤ t ≤ π),
(c) z(t) = t + it, (0 ≤ t ≤ 2),
(d) z(t) = 1 + it, (0 ≤ t ≤ 1). Z
(20) Along the curve C : z(t) = eit (−π ≤ t ≤ π), evaluate f (z) dz for
C 
1 1 1
(a) f (z) = z 2 , (b) f (z) = , (c) f (z) = 2 , (d) f (z) = 2z̄ − i z + .
z z z
(21) Show that
Z Z
dz 2z + 1 3π
(a) 2
≤ π, (b) 2
dz ≤ .
|z|=1 3 + 5z |z|=1 5 + z 2
(22) Evaluate
Z the following integrals:
(a) (ez + z + 1)dz along the line segment from −1 + 1 to 1 − i
ZC
(b) cos zdz along the line segment from the origin to the point 1 + i
ZC
(c) |z|2 dz along the line square with vertices 0, 1, 1 + i, i
C

2
 Z
(d) (x2 + iy 2 )dz along the line segment from 0 to 1 + i followed by the line segment
C
1 + i to 1 + 2i.
Z
(23) Evaluate z|z|dz along the upper semicircle |z| = R from R to −R, and the line segment
C
[−R, R].
Z
(24) Evaluate f (z)dz, where
C
(a)f (z) = z 3 and C : z(t) = t2 + it for t ∈ [0, π]
(b)f (z) = sin z and C : z(t) = t + it2 for t ∈ [0, π/2]
(c)f (z) = 1/z and C : z(t) = cos t2 − t sin t for t ∈ [0, π/2]
(d)f (z) = 1/z and C : z(t) = − cos t − i sin t for t ∈ [0, π/2].
Z
(25) Give an example of a function f (z) for which f (z)dz = 0 for each r > 0 even though
|z|=r
f (z) is not analytic everywhere.
Z
(26) Find (1 + z 2 )−1 dz, where C is the circle
C
(a) |z − i| = 1 (b) |z + i| = 1 (c) |z| = 2 (d) |z − 1| = 1.

(27) Evaluate the following integrals, where C is the circle |z| = 3.

2 2 Z −z
ez ez ez ez sin z
Z Z Z Z
e cos z
(a) dz (b) dz (c) 2
dz (d) 2
dz (e) 3
dz
ZC 4z − 2 C z − 2 C (z − 2) C (z − 2) C (z − 2)
3z + 2z − 6
(f) dz.
C (z − 2)3
(28) UseZpartial fractions to Zevaluate the following
Z integrals.
z 3 + 3z − 1
Z
1 1 1
(a) 2
dz (b) 2
dz (c) 4
dz (d) dz.
|z|=2 z − 1 |z|=2 z + 1 |z|=2 z − 1 |z|=3 (z − 1)(z + 2)

(29) UseZthe Cauchy integralZ formula to evaluate

Z the following integrals.
2 2
(a) (Rez) dz (b) (z) dz (c) (Imz)2 dz.
|z|=1 |z−1|=1 |z−1|=1
Z
(30) Evaluate the integral z/((16 − z 2 )(z + i))dz, where C is the circle
C
(a) |z| = 2, (b) |z − 4| = 2, (c) |z + 4| = 2, (d) |z| = 5.