MANIPAL UNIVERSITY JAIPUR
Department of IT
Course Hand-out
A. Basic Details:
Programme Name: B.Tech(IT)
Course Name: Foundations of Blockchain
Course Code: IT4158
LTPC (Lecture Tutorial Practical Credits): [3 0 0 3]
Session: 2025-26
Class: B.tech VII Sem
Course Coordinator: Ms. Vineeta Soni
Course Instructor(s): Ms. Vineeta Soni
Additional Practitioner(s) – if any
(Industry Fellow/ Visiting Faculty/ Adjunct Faculty, NA.
etc.):
B. Introduction:
This course offers a comprehensive overview of the fundamental aspects of blockchain
technology. Topics include basic cryptographic primitives, blockchain architecture, consensus
algorithms, Bitcoin and Ethereum systems, smart contracts, and practical applications in fields
like finance, supply chain, and identity management. It equips students to analyze and critically
develop blockchain-based solutions.
C. Course Outcomes:
Target Attainment Target Attainment
CO Statement CO Bloom’s Level
% level
Recall the cryptographic Understand
primitives used in IT4158.1 80% 3
(L2)
Blockchain technology.
Explain and analyze the
architecture and IT4158.2 Analyze (L4) 80% 3
components of blockchain
technology.
Design and develop smart
contracts using Ethereum IT4158.3 Apply (L3) 75% 2
and Solidity.
Evaluate blockchain use
cases across different IT4158.4 Evaluate (L5) 70% 2
domains.
Analyze the future trends in
blockchain technology and
evaluate their potential IT4158.5 Evaluate (L5) 65% 1
socio-economic impact on
global systems.
Information about attainment levels:
Attainment (%) Level
< 60 % 0
≥ 60% < 70% 1
≥ 70% < 80% 2
≥ 80 3
D. Program Outcomes and Program Specific Outcomes: Mention program outcomes and program-specific
outcomes of the program.
[PO.1] Engineering knowledge: Demonstrate and apply knowledge of Mathematics, Science and
Engineering to classical and recent problems of electronic design & communication system.
[PO.2]. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, research literature, and analyze complex engineering
problems, reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and
engineering sciences
[PO.3]. Design/development of solutions: Design a component system, or process to meet desired needs
within realistic constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety,
manufacturability, and sustainability.
[PO.4]. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and research
methods, including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information
to provide valid conclusions
[PO.5]. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern
engineering and IT tools, including prediction and modelling, to complex engineering activities with an
understanding of the limitations
[PO.6]. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess societal,
health, safety, legal, and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional
engineering practice
[PO.7]. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of professional engineering solutions in
societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for, sustainable
development
[PO.8]. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities, and norms of
the engineering practices
[PO.9] Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in
diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings
[PO.10] Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the engineering
community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write effective reports and design
documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions
[PO.11] Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the engineering
and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team, to manage
projects and in a multidisciplinary environment.
[PO.12] Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in
independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change
Program Specific Outcomes (PSOs):
E. Assessment Plan: Write the criteria, their description, and associated marks for assessment of student
achievements. In addition, the attendance requirements, assignments need to be mentioned in this section.
Criteria Description Maximum Marks
Mid-Term Examination 30
Internal (Closed Book)
Assessment
Class Work Sessional (CWS): 30
(Summative)
Assignment(10)+MooC(10)+Quiz(10)-Best 3 Out
of 4 Quizzes
End Term Exam End Term Exam 40
(Summative) (Closed Book)
Total 100
Attendance A minimum of 75% Attendance is required to be Attendance (Formative)
maintained by a student to be qualified for taking
(Formative)
up the end-of-semester examination. The allowance
of 25% includes all types of leaves, including
medical leaves.
Make up Students who miss a class must report the absence to the teacher. A makeup assignment
Assignments on the topic taught on the day of absence will be given, which has to be submitted within
(Formative) a week from the date of absence. No extensions will be given on this. The attendance
for that particular day of absence will be marked blank, so that the student is not
counted for the absence. These assignments are limited to a maximum of 5 throughout
the entire semester.
Homework/ Home There are situations where a student may have to work at home, especially before a
Assignment/ flipped classroom. Although these works are not graded with marks. However, a student
Activity is expected to participate and perform these assignments with full zeal since the activity/
Assignment flipped classroom participation by a student will be assessed and marks will be awarded.
(Formative)
F. Syllabus: Basic Cryptographic Primitives: Encryption and decryption, public-key cryptography, RSA, ECC,
digital signature, Secure Hash Algorithms, SHA-256, Keccak, Properties of Hash Algorithm, Merkle Tree,
Patricia Tree, Distributed Hash Table. Introduction to Blockchain technology: History of blockchain,
elements of a blockchain, Features of a blockchain, Tiers of blockchain technology, Types of blockchain,
Consensus in blockchain, Applications of blockchain, benefits and limitations of blockchain. Bitcoin:
Overview of Bitcoin and its architecture, Bitcoin mining and proof-of-work, Bitcoin transactions and scripts,
Bitcoin wallets and security. Ethereum: Introduction to Ethereum and smart contracts, Ethereum Virtual
Machine (EVM), Solidity programming language, Decentralized Applications (DApps) on Ethereum.
Blockchain Applications: Blockchain applications in finance, supply chain, identity, and voting. Case studies
of successful blockchain applications. Regulatory and Legal Challenges for Blockchain Applications. Future
of Blockchain Technology: Emerging trends in Blockchain technology, DeFi (decentralized finance), NFTs
(non-fungible tokens), Potential Impact of Blockchain technology on the global economy and Society.
References:
1. A. Narayanan, J. Bonneau, E. Felten, A. Miller and S. Goldfeder, Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency
Technologies – A Comprehensive Introduction, 1st Ed., Princeton University Press, 2016.
2. I. Bashir, Mastering Blockchain: Distributed ledger technology, decentralization, and smart contracts
explained, 2nd Ed., Packt Publishing, 2018.
3. R. Modi, Solidity Programming Essentials: A beginner's guide to build smart contracts for Ethereum
and blockchain, 1st Ed., Packt Publishing Ltd, 2018.
G. Lecture Plan:
Mode of Corresponding Mode of Assessing the
Lecture No. Topics Session Outcome
Delivery CO Outcome
Familiarize with course objectives
1 Introduction and Overview Lecture-based NA NA
and structure
Understand symmetric and
2 Encryption and Decryption Lecture CO1 Quiz
asymmetric encryption
Lecture +
Public-Key
3 Explain public-key infrastructure Problem- CO1 Quiz, MTE
Cryptography,RSA
solving
Elliptic Curve Lecture +
4 Compare RSA and ECC CO1 Quiz, MTE
Cryptography Inquiry-based
Properties of Hash Understand cryptographic hash Lecture + Peer
5 CO1 Quiz
Functions function properties Teaching
Lecture +
Understand the need and working of
6 Digital Signatures Problem CO1 Quiz, MTE
digital signatures
Solving
Secure Hashing Explore hash functions and their
7 Algorithms (SHA)/SHA- roles, demonstrate the process of Lecture-based CO1 MTE
256 hashing with SHA-256
Lecture +
8 Keccak and SHA3 Differentiate SHA-256 and Keccak CO1 Quiz
Inquiry-based
9 Merkle Trees Explain Merkle tree construction Lecture CO1 Assignment
Understand tree structures used in
10 Patricia Trees and DHT Lecture-based CO1 Quiz
blockchain indexing
History of
Understand history and key
11 Blockchain;Elements of a Lecture-based CO2 Quiz
components of blockchain systems
Blockchain
Lecture +
Analyze layered structure of
12 Features and Tiers Group CO2 Quiz
blockchain
Learning
Differentiate public, private and
13 Types of Blockchain Lecture-based CO2 Quiz
consortium blockchains
14 Consensus Mechanisms Explain PoW, PoS, PBFT etc. Lecture CO2 MTE
Applications, Benefits, and Evaluate where blockchain is and Lecture +
15 CO2 MTE,Quiz
Limitations isn’t suitable Inquiry-based
16 Bitcoin Overview Understand Bitcoin architecture Lecture-based CO2 Quiz
Explore mining algorithms and Lecture +
17 Bitcoin Mining and PoW CO2 Quiz
incentives Tech-based
Lecture +
Bitcoin Transactions and Structure and logic of Bitcoin
18 Problem- CO2 Assignment
Scripts scripts
solving
Bitcoin Wallets and Understand wallet types and Lecture + Peer
19 CO2 Quiz
Security vulnerabilities Teaching
MID SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS
Understand Ethereum platform and
20 Ethereum and EVM Lecture-based CO3 Quiz
virtual machine
Solidity Basics*,Data Write basic smart contracts/Use Lecture +
21 CO3 Quiz/ETE
Types datatypes in contract development Kinesthetic
Implement functions and access Lecture +
22 Functions and Modifiers CO3 Quiz/ETE
control Tech-based
Events, Memory, and Differentiate between storage Lecture +
23 CO3 Quiz/ETE
Storage locations Self-study
Explain architecture of Lecture +
24 DApps on Ethereum CO3 Presentation
decentralized apps Inquiry-based
Use blockchain for secure financial Lecture +
25 Blockchain in Finance CO4 Assignment
transactions Expeditionary
Supply Chain and Lecture +
26 Design applications in logistics CO4 Assignment
Traceability Group-based
Understand self-sovereign identity
27 Identity Systems Lecture-based CO4 Quiz
systems
Lecture +
Apply blockchain for secure
28 Voting Systems Problem- CO4 Assignment
elections
solving
Healthcare and Legal Case Lecture +
29 Analyze real-world success stories CO4 Presentation
Studies Inquiry-based
Discuss legal and governance Lecture + Peer
30 Regulatory Challenges CO4 Quiz
concerns Teaching
31 Ethics and Limitations Evaluate ethical issues Lecture-based CO4 Quiz
Future of Blockchain
Understand and analyze the
Technology: Emerging Lecture + Peer
32 emerging trends shaping the future CO5 Assignment
trends in Blockchain Teaching
of blockchain technology.
technology
Evaluate the technological
DeFi (decentralized
33 advancements and research CO5 Assignment
finance)
directions in blockchain.
NFTs (non-fungible
tokens), Potential Impact Predict the evolution and potential
34 of Blockchain technology adoption areas of blockchain across CO5 Assignment
on the global economy and various sectors.
Society
35 Revision Revise the concepts Lecture Based CO5 ETE
Course Wrap-up and
36 Summarize and prepare for exam Lecture-based All ETE
Preparation
Mode of Corresponding Mode of Assessing the
Lecture No. Topics Session Outcome
Delivery CO Outcome
H. Course Articulation Matrix: Course articulation indicates the mapping of CO statement(s) to some PO/ PSO statement(s). Here value 0 indicates no correlation, 1 as low
correlation, 2 as moderate correlation, and 3 as substantial / strong correlation.
CORRELATION WITH PROGRAM OUTCOMES CORRELATION WITH
PROGRAM-SPECIFIC
CO STATEMENT OUTCOMES
PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PSO PSO PSO 3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2
[IT4158.1] Understand and 2 3 2 2 3 3 2
apply basic
cryptographic
primitives used
in blockchain
systems.
[IT4158.2] Explain and 3 3 1 3 2 2
analyze the
architecture and
components of
blockchain
technology.
Develop and
[IT4158.3] 2 3 2 1 1 2 2 2 3
deploy smart
contracts using
Ethereum and
Solidity.
Evaluate
[IT4158.4] 3 1 1 2 2
blockchain use
cases across
different
domains and
assess related
challenges.
