Still Fighting The Civil War The American South and Southern History Goldfield Updated 2025
Still Fighting The Civil War The American South and Southern History Goldfield Updated 2025
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“[Goldfield] writes with considerable authority and grace, and he is most ar-
resting when dealing with skirmishes in the contemporary South such as those
found in fundamentalist churches, country music, and arguments over the
Confederate flag.”
—Journal of American History
DAV I D G OLDF I E LD
“The Mill Mother’s Song” by Ella May Wiggins is from American Folksongs of Protest, ed. John
Greenway. Copyright © 1953 University of Pennsylvania Press. Reprinted by permission. “The
Tall Men” by Donald Davidson is from his Poems 1922–1961 (University of Minnesota Press,
1966). Reprinted by permission.
Excerpt from John Brown’s Body by Stephen Vincent Benet. Copyright © 1927, 1928 by Stephen
Vincent Benet. Copyright renewed © 1955 by Rosemary Carr Benet. Reprinted by permission of
Brandt & Hochman Literary Agents, Inc.
The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee
on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. ∞
for Erik and Eleanor
This page intentionally left blank
Contents
Introduction 1
2 God-Haunted 43
Blessed Defeat 50
Rituals of Faith 54
Making Good Christians 57
Black Branches 63
Dissenters 64
Civil Religion and Civil Rights 69
3 Culture Protestants 76
4 Pretty Women 89
The Woman’s War 93
Support and Sacrifice 96
Masks 103
Beneath the Pedestal 108
Keepers of the Past with an Eye to the Future 111
Suffering Suffrage 116
5 Lady Insurrectionists 137
The Opening 138
Clubbing 140
Women’s Work 145
False Chivalry 150
Lifting As We Climb 152
7 Colors 187
Fluid Dynamics 191
Redeemed, Again 195
Exile 201
Reading, Writing, and Race 208
Alabaster Cities 214
Mirror Images 216
8 Sharings 239
Revelation 244
The Offering 249
Signs 252
10 Measures 281
Southerners 283
Silences 289
11 Histories 298
Not Forgotten 301
Inclusion 305
Notes 339
Index 369
Illustrations
The Civil War continues to fester in the South more than in other
places. Place still matters here and the war was fought on this ground. Its scars
are still visible in some areas, and where they are not, memorial markers and
statues keep that history alive. It surrounds us, not as obtrusively as it once
did, but its presence is still palpable. It is an ill-fitting cloak among the bank
towers of Charlotte, the freeways of Atlanta, and the chic restaurants of Dallas
and dozens of other cities.
The Civil War sesquicentennial commemoration, beginning in 2010, offers
an opportunity to calibrate how far southerners have journeyed in reconciling
memory with history since the appearance of the first edition of Still Fighting
the Civil War in 2002. Three trends are evident. First, it has been a relatively
low-key anniversary. Second, the museum exhibits, the symposia, and the re-
interpretations of historic sites have a common theme of inclusiveness. The
stories of African Americans and women, and their respective roles in the war,
are much more evident now than they were at the centennial commemora-
tion. Third, even with the inclusion of new stories, public history displays
often lack an interpretive framework.
The public receives two contradictory messages, neither of which reflects
the historical reality of the war. One message is the moral equivalency of both
sides. The other is that the war was a glorious battle cry of freedom, a triumph
of good over evil. Lost in these messages is the war itself, the real war, the
bloody war that took 752,000 lives. Rather than raising questions about the
war itself, the sesquicentennial commemoration either abdicates a point of
xi
xii Preface to the Updated Edition
This book has many parents. It rests on the work of scholars, journal-
ists, and novelists. If I listed them all here, I would inevitably leave someone
out, not to mention that I would reduce the pool of potential reviewers sig-
nificantly. Embalmment of my sources in the endnotes is the best I can do.
Some of the professionals whose work is evident in this book are not ac-
knowledged in the notes. Copy editor Sarah Richards Doerries made splendid
suggestions that improved the flow of the manuscript. Archivists in the North
Carolina Collection at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the
Library of Congress, the Duke Divinity School Library, Clemson University,
and the Virginia Historical Society shared their expertise. Don Veasey of the
Birmingham Public Library, Jim Willard of North Carolina Historical Sites,
Michael Rose and Betsy Ricks of the Atlanta History Center, Cathy Mundale
and Karen Jefferson of the Robert W. Woodruff Library at the Atlanta Uni-
versity Center, and Heather A. Whitacre of the Museum of the Confederacy
were particularly helpful. Staff at the Charlotte Observer, especially Don Hin-
shaw and talented artists Kevin Siers and Diedra Laird, and Mic Smith and
Tom Spain at the Charleston (S.C.) Post & Courier offered generous support to
my project. And speaking of support, there is no finer staff to work with than
the folks at LSU Press.
The greatest gift to a historian is time; the time to engage in research, and
the time to reflect, write, and rewrite. I have been fortunate to work in an envi-
ronment at UNC-Charlotte that not only encourages my efforts but supports
them, too. My history department colleagues, especially department chair
xiii
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