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Blueprints EU Law 1st Edition Penelope Kent Digital
Instant Download
Author(s): Penelope Kent
ISBN(s): 9781408279021, 1408279029
Edition: 01
File Details: PDF, 13.82 MB
Year: 2014
Language: english
 Penelope Kent

Your plan for learning

EU Law

EU Law
(blōō’print’) n a plan for achieving something: [+for] a blueprint for success
in your studies.

From the people who brought you Law Express, Blueprints offer you a fresh introduction
to the law, bringing the complexity of legal learning into line with the needs of the aspiring
student. Blueprints will help you get to grips with the indispensable building blocks that
make up each area of the law and show you how they fit together in the big picture.

Each Blueprints guide is visually designed to help you process information and find
answers to your most-asked questions:

• What is the law and how is it applied?

• What problems does the law attempt to solve?

Kent
• What do I and others think about the law?
• How has the law become this way?
• What factors are shaping the law today?
•
•
What do I really need to know if I want to understand this subject?
Where do different points of the law overlap? Your plan for learning
• Where can I find further information about a topic?

EU Law
Don’t wait until revision time – build a solid understanding
from the ground up with Blueprints.
Cover image © Getty Images

Penelope Kent taught EU law for many years at

Middlesex University where she was a Principal
Lecturer and Teaching Fellow.

www.pearson-books.com

CVR_KENT9021_01_SE_CVR.indd 1 07/05/2014 15:10

 EU Law

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A01_KENT9021_01_SE_FM.indd ii 20/5/14 4:29 PM
 Your plan for learning
EU Law

Penelope Kent

A01_KENT9021_01_SE_FM.indd iii 20/5/14 4:29 PM

 Pearson Education Limited
Edinburgh Gate
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Tel: +44 (0)1279 623623
Web: www.pearson.com/uk

First published 2014 (print and electronic)

© Pearson Education Limited 2014 (print and electronic)
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accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
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All trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners. The use of any trademark in this
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the use of such trademarks imply any affiliation with or endorsement of this book by such owners.
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence (OGL) v2.0.
www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence
The screenshots in this book are reprinted by permission of Microsoft Corporation.
Pearson Education is not responsible for the content of third-party internet sites.
ISBN: 978-1-4082-7902-1 (print)
978-1-4082-7904-5 (PDF)
978-1-292-01512-5 (eText)
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for the print edition is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Kent, Penelope, author.
EU law / Penelope Kent.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 978-1-4082-7902-1
1. Law--European Union countries. I. Title. II. Title: European Union law.
KJE947.K465 2014
341.242’2--dc23
2014007327
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
18 17 16 15 14
Cover image © Getty Images
Print edition typeset in 10/12pt Helvetica Neue LT Pro by 35
Print edition printed in Great Britain by Henry Ling Ltd, at the Dorset Press, Dorchester, Dorset
NOTE THAT ANY PAGE CROSS REFERENCES REFER TO THE PRINT EDITION

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 Brief contents

Table of cases and statutes x

Acknowledgments xli
How to use this guide xlii
What is a Blueprint? xlvi
Introduction xlviii
Abbreviations l
Study skills – studying EU law lii

The constitutional law of the European Union and

jurisdiction of the EU Courts 2
1 The historical background to the European Union 5
2 Decision-making in the EU institutions 27
3 The Court of Justice and the preliminary reference procedure 53
4 The sources of EU law and competences of the EU 75
5 General principles and fundamental rights 95
6 The supremacy of EU law 121
7 Direct and indirect effect 143
8 The principle of State liability 167
9 Enforcement actions against Member States 183
10 Judicial review and damages claims 201

Free movement and the single market 230

11 Customs duties, discriminatory taxation and state monopolies 233
12 The free movement of goods 247
13 Union citizenship 273
14 The free movement of workers 303
15 The right of establishment and the freedom to provide services 325

Glossary 350
Index 355

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 Contents

Table of cases and statutes x

Acknowledgments xli
How to use this guide xlii
What is a Blueprint? xlvi
Introduction xlviii
Abbreviations l
Study skills – studying EU law lii

The constitutional law of the European Union and

jurisdiction of the EU Courts 2
The historical background to the European Union 5
The creation of the ECSC, EEC and Euratom 8
Widening the ties: enlargement 11
Deepening the ties: further integration 13
The European Union and the Maastricht Treaty 15
The Treaty of Amsterdam 1997 19
The Treaty of Nice 20
The failed Constitutional Treaty 20
The Treaty of Lisbon 21
Economic and monetary union 23
The EU today 23

Decision-making in the EU institutions 27

Overview of the EU institutions 30
The European Council 31
The European Parliament 33
The Council of the European Union 41
The European Commission 44

The Court of Justice and the preliminary reference

procedure 53
The Court of Justice 56
Role of the Court of Justice in developing EU law 59
The General Court 60
Specialised courts 61
Preliminary rulings and the development of EU law 62

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 Contents vii

Preliminary rulings under Article 267 TFEU 63

Transitional arrangements and the former third pillar 70
Simplified, expedited and urgent procedures 71

The sources of EU law and competences of the EU 75

The founding treaties 78
The competence of the Union 87

General principles and fundamental rights 95

General principles 98
Fundamental rights 100
Accession to the European Convention on Human Rights 103
The Charter of Fundamental Rights 105
Proportionality 108
Equality 110
Legal certainty 112
Procedural rights 114
Other general principles 115

The supremacy of EU law 121

Introduction 124
Supremacy, the Treaties and international law 124
Role of the Court of Justice 125
EU law in the UK 130
EU law in other Member States 134

Direct and indirect effect 143

The role of the Court of Justice 146
Direct applicability and direct effect 146
Direct effect of acts of the institutions 150
Indirect effect 158

The principle of State liability 167

The role of the Court of Justice in developing State liability 170
Extending State liability 172
National remedies and effective judicial protection 177

Enforcement actions against Member States 183

Enforcement and the legal order of the EU 186
Direct actions under Article 258 TFEU 188
Parallel proceedings and interim measures 192
Actions by Member States against other Member States under Article 259 TFEU 192
Penalties against Member States under Article 260 TFEU 194

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 viii Contents

Judicial review and damages claims 201

Challenging an act of the EU institutions 204
Action for annulment under Article 263 TFEU 204
Action for inactivity under Article 265 TFEU 218
Indirect review under Article 277 TFEU 220
Liability of the EU institutions under Article 340 TFEU 222
Role of the national courts 225
Conclusion 226

Free movement and the single market 230

Customs duties, discriminatory taxation and state

monopolies 233
Free movement, the customs union and the Treaties 236
Prohibition of customs duties and charges of equivalent effect 238
Prohibition of discriminatory taxation under Article 110 TFEU 241
State monopolies 243

The free movement of goods 247

Principal provisions on the free movement of goods 250
Prohibition of quantitative restrictions on imports and of MEQRs 252
Prohibition of quantitative restrictions on exports and of MEQRs 262
Derogation from Articles 34 and 35 TFEU under Article 36 TFEU 263

Union citizenship 273

Introduction to Union citizenship 276
Defining Union citizenship 276
Directive 2004/38 – the Citizens’ Directive 280
Rights of exit and entry 285
Rights of the economically inactive 286
Political rights of Union citizens 288
Limitations on grounds of public policy, public security or public health 289
Nationals of third countries 295
Conclusion 297

The free movement of workers 303

Overview 306
Rights of workers and their families 312
Social security 317

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 Contents ix

The right of establishment and the freedom to provide

services 325
The right of establishment and provision of services 328
Freedom to provide services 332
Directive 2006/123 – the Services Directive 341
Freedom to receive services 342

Glossary 350
Index 355

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 Table of cases and statutes

CASES
Court of Justice cases listed by year and Case 6/64 Costa v. ENEL [1964] ECR 585
number; short forms and other cases follow 63, 67, 126, 127, 139, 243, 244
alphabetically Case 40/64 Sgarlata and others v. Commission
[1965] ECR 215 99
Case 7/61 Commission v. Italy (Re Ban on Pork Case 32/65 Italy v. Council and Commission
Imports) [1961] ECR 317 206, 252, 257 [1966] ECR 389 221
Case 14/61 Koninklijke Nederlandsche Case 44/65 Hessische Knappschaft v. Maison
Hoogovens en Staalfabrieken NV v. High Singer et Fils [1965] ECR 965 221
Authority [1962] ECR 253 99 Case 48/65 Alfons Lütticke GmbH v.
Joined Cases 16 & 17/62 Confédération Commission [1966] ECR 19 188, 220,
Nationale des Productions de Fruits et 222, 224
Légumes and others v. Council [1962] Joined Cases 5 etc./66 Kampffmeyer and
ECR 471 85 others v. Commission [1967] ECR 245
Case 24/62 Federal Republic of Germany v. 225
Commission (Re Tariff Quotas on Wine) Joined Cases 8–11/66 Re Noordwijk’s Cement
[1963] ECR 63 216 Accord [1967] ECR 75 206
Case 25/62 Plaumann & Co v. Commission Case 27/67 Firma Fink-Frucht GmbH v.
[1963] ECR 95 210, 211, 213, 227, 228 Hauptzollamt München-Landsbergerstrasse
Case 26/62 Van Gend en Loos v. Nederlandse [1968] ECR 223 242
Administratie de Belastingen [1963] Case 7/68 Commission v. Italy (Re Export
ECR 1 xxxi, xxxii, 56, 59, 63, 92, 124, Tax on Art Treasures) [1968] ECR 423
126, 139, 146, 147, 148, 149, 153, 163, 236, 239, 245, 268
204, 236, 237, 245 Case 13/68 Salgoil SpA v. Italian Minister of
Joined Cases 31 & 33/62 Milchwerke Heinz Trade [1968] ECR 453 252
Wöhrmann & Sohn KG, Alfons Lütticke GmbH Case 24/68 Commission v. Italy (‘Statistical
v. Commission [1962] ECR 501 220 Levy’) [1969] ECR 193 239
Case 15/63 Lassalle v. European Parliament Case 29/68 Milch, Fett- und Eierkontor v.
[1963] ECR 50 206 HZA Saarbrücken [1969] ECR 165 70
Case 75/63 Hoekstra v. BBDA [1964] ECR 177 Joined Cases 2 & 3/69 Sociaal Fonds voor de
308, 318 Diamantarbeiders v. S.A. Ch. Brachfeld &
Joined Cases 90 & 91/63 Commission v. Sons and Chougol Diamond Co. [1969]
Luxembourg and Belgium [1964] ECR 625 ECR 211 239, 245
190 Case 15/69 Württembergische
Joined Cases 106 & 107/63 Toepfer KG v. Milchverwertung-Südmilch AG v.
Commission [1965] ECR 405 211 Salvatore Ugliola [1969] ECR 363 314

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 Table of cases and statutes xi

Case 29/69 Stauder v. City of Ulm [1969] Case 2/74 Reyners v. Belgium [1974] ECR 631
ECR 419 101 329, 346
Case 69/69 SA Alcan v. Commission [1970] Case 8/74 Procureur du Roi v. Dassonville
ECR 385 209 [1974] ECR 837 xxxvi, 253, 270, 352
Case 9/70 Grad v. Finanzamt Traunstein [1970] Case 9/74 Casagrande v. Landeshauptstadt
ECR 825 156, 163 München [1974] ECR 773 316
Case 11/70 Internationale Handelsgesellschaft Case 17/74 Transocean Marine Paint
v. EVGF [1970] ECR 1125 101, 118, 127, 136 Association v. Commission [1974]
Case 15/70 Chevalley v. Commission [1970] ECR 1063 114
ECR 975 219 Case 21/74 Airola v. Commission [1975]
Case 22/70 Commission v. Council (Re ECR 221 112
European Road Transport Agreement) Case 26/74 Roquette v. Commission [1976]
[1971] ECR 263 87, 93, 206, 216 ECR 677 225, 226
Joined Cases 41–44/70 International Fruit NV v. Case 33/74 Van Binsbergen v. Bestuur van de
Commission (No. 1) [1971] ECR 411 212 Bedrijfsverenigin voor de Metaalnijverhei
Case 15/71 Mackprang v. Commission [1971] [1974] ECR 1299 149, 333
ECR 797 218, 219 Case 41/74 Van Duyn v. Home Office [1974]
Case 20/71 Sabbatini v. European Parliament ECR 1337 148, 151, 153, 163, 293, 299,
[1972] ECR 345 112 300
Case 96/71 Haegemann Sprl v. Commission Case 67/74 Bonsignore v. Oberstadtdirecktor
[1972] ECR 1005 226 of the City of Cologne [1975] ECR 297
Case 1/72 Frilli v. Belgium [1972] ECR 457 291, 300
318 Case 74/74 CNTA v. Commission [1975]
Joined Cases 21–24/72 International Fruit [192] ECR 533 113
ECR 1219 82, 150 Case 78/74 Deuka v. EVGE [1975] ECR 421
Case 76/72 Michel S. v. Fonds national de 113
reclassement social des handicaps [1973] Case 2/75 EVGF v. Mackprang [1975] ECR 607
ECR 457 316 113
Case 81/72 Commission v. Council [1973] Case 4/75 Rewe-Zentralfinanz EgmbH v.
ECR 575 218 Direktor der Landwirtschaftskammer [1975]
Case 2/73 Geddo v. Ente Nazionale Risi [1973] ECR 843 267
ECR 865 252 Case 7/75 Mr and Mrs F. v. Belgium [1975]
Case 4/73 J. Nold v. Commission [1975] ECR 679 306
ECR 985 101, 118 Case 32/75 Fiorini v. SNCF [1975] ECR 1085
Case 152/73 Sotgiu v. Deutsche Bundespost 314
[1974] ECR 153 311, 314 Case 36/75 Rutili v. Ministre de l’Intérieur
Case 155/73 Italy v. Sacchi [1974] ECR [1975] ECR 1219 102, 290, 292
409 148, 244 Case 43/75 Defrenne v. SA Belge de
Case 166/73 Rheinmühlen v. Einfuhr- und Navigations Aérienne (SABENA) (No. 2)
Vorratsstelle Getreide [1974] ECR 33 62, 72 [1976] ECR 455 xxxi, 56, 149, 152, 153,
Case 167/73 Commission v. France 163
(Re French Merchant Seamen) [1974] Case 48/75 Procureur du Roi v. Royer [1976]
ECR 359 190, 313 ECR 497 285, 291
Case 169/73 Compagnie Continentale v. Case 59/75 Pubblico Ministero v. Flavia
Council [1975] ECR 117 224 Manghera and others [1976] ECR 91 244
Case 181/73 Haegeman v. Belgium [1974] Case 104/75 Officier van Just v. De Peijper
ECR 449 81 [1976] ECR 613 264

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 xii Table of cases and statutes

Case 105/75 Giuffrida v. Council [1976] Case 7/78 R v. Thompson and others [1978]
ECR 1395 218 ECR 2247 237, 265
Case 127/75 Bobie v. HZA Aachen-Nord [1976] Case 30/78 Distillers Co. Ltd v. Commission
ECR 1079 242 [1980] ECR 2229 217
Case 130/75 Prais v. Council [1976] ECR 1589 Case 92/78 SpA Simmenthal v. Commission
102, 112 [1979] ECR 777 221
Case 13/76 Dona v. Mantero [1976] ECR 1333 Case 120/78 Rewe-Zentral v.
315 Bundesmonopolverwaltung für Branntwein
Case 46/76 Bauhuis v. Netherlands Inspection (‘Cassis de Dijon’) [1979] ECR 649 xxv,
[1977] ECR 5 239 xxxvi, 109, 244, 250, 254, 255, 257, 258,
Case 51/76 Verbond van Nederlandse 263, 264, 270, 335, 350, 352, 353
Ondernemingen v. Inspecteur der Case 128/78 Commission v. United Kingdom
Invoerrechten [1977] ECR 113 151 (Re Tachographs) [1979] ECR 419 190
Case 53/76 Procureur de la Republique de Case 141/78 France v. United Kingdom [1979]
Besancon v. Claude Bouhelier and others ECR 2923 193, 197
[1977] ECR 197 262 Case 148/78 Pubblico Ministero v. Ratti [1979]
Joined Cases 64 etc./76 Dumortier Fils SA v. ECR 1629 151, 153
Council [1979] ECR 3091 224 Case 153/78 Commission v. Germany (Meat
Case 71/76 Thieffry v. Conseil de l’Ordre Preparations) [1979] ECR 2555 266
des Avocats à la Cour de Paris [1977] Case 170/78 Commission v. UK (Re Excise
ECR 765 334 Duties on Wine) [1980] ECR 417 241,
Case 74/76 Iannelli & Volpi SpA v. Ditta Paolo 242, 245
Meroni [1977] ECR 557 252 Case 207/78 Even v. Office national des
Case 77/76 Fratelli Cucchi v. Avez SpA [1977] pensions pour travailleurs salaries [1979]
ECR 987 240, 245 ECR 2019 314, 319
Case 88/76 Société pour l’Exportation des Case 232/78 Commission v. France (‘Lamb
Sucres v. Commission [1977] ECR 709 Wars’) [1979] ECR 2729 190, 194
112, 113 Joined Cases 261 & 262/78 Interquell
Case 105/76 Interzuccheri SpA v. Societa Stark-Chemie GmbH v. Commission [1979]
Rezzano e Cavassa [1977] ECR 1029 240 ECR 3045 225
Case 11/77 Patrick v. Ministre des Affaires Case 15/79 P.B. Groenveld BV v. Produktschap
Culturelles [1977] ECR 1199 335 voor Vee en Vlees Rijswijk [1979] ECR
Case 30/77 R v. Bouchereau [1977] ECR 1999 3409 262, 271
xxxvii, 290, 292, 299, 300 Case 34/79 R v. Henn and Darby [1979]
Case 82/77 Public Prosecutor of the Kingdom ECR 3795 67, 252, 264, 265, 271
of the Netherlands v. Jacobus Philippus Case 44/79 Hauer v. Rheinland-Pfalz [1979]
van Tiggele [1978] ECR 25 253 ECR 3727 102
Joined Cases 103 & 145/77 Royal Case 73/79 Commission v. Italy (Re
Scholten-Honig [1978] ECR 2037 111 Reimbursement of Sugar Storage Costs)
Case 106/77 Amministrazione delle Finanze [1980] ECR 1533 240
dello Stato v. Simmenthal (No. 2) [1978] Case 90/79 Commission v. France (Re Levy
ECR 629 127, 128, 139 on Reprographic Machines) [1981]
Case 112/77 Töpfer v. Commission [1978] ECR 283 241, 245
ECR 1019 113 Case 104/79 Foglia v. Novello (No. 1) [1980]
Case 148/77 Hansen & Balle GmbH v. ECR 745 61, 66, 72, 74
Hauptzollamt Flensburg [1978] ECR 1787 Case 136/79 National Panasonic (UK) Ltd. v.
244 Commission [1980] ECR 2033 102

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 Table of cases and statutes xiii

Case 138/79 Roquette Frères SA v. Council Case 65/81 Reina and Reina v.
[1980] ECR 3333 217 Landeskreditbank Baden-Württemberg
Case 139/79 Maizena GmbH v. Council [1980] [1982] ECR 33 319
ECR 3393 217 Case 95/81 Commission v. Italy [1982]
Case 149/79 Commission v. Belgium ECR 2187 263
(Re Public Employees) [1980] ECR 3881 Case 102/81 Nordsee Deutsche
311, 312, 321 Hochseefischerei GmbH v. Reederei Mond
Case 155/79 AM & S Europe Ltd v. Commission Hochseefischerei Nordstern AG and Reederei
[1982] ECR 1575 115 Friedrich Busse Hochseefischerei Nordstern
Case 157/79 R v. Pieck [1980] ECR 2171 285 AG [1982] ECR 1095 64
Case 788/79 Gilli v. Andres [1980] ECR Case 104/81 Hauptzollamt Mainz v. Kupferberg
2071 257 & Cie [1982] ECR 3641 150
Joined Cases 789 & 780/79 Calpak SpA et Joined Cases 115 & 116/81 Adoui and
Società Emiliana Lavorazione Frutta SpA v. Cornuaille v. Belgium [1982] ECR 1665
Commission [1980] ECR 1949 212 293, 299
Case 27/80 Criminal proceedings against Anton Case 124/81 Commission v. UK (UHT Milk)
Adriaan Fietje [1980] ECR 3839 256 [1983] ECR 203 xxxvi, 266
Case 53/80 Officier van Justitie v. Koninklijke Case 220/81 Criminal proceedings against
Kaasfabriek Eyssen [1981] ECR 409 267 Timothy Frederick Robertson and others
Case 66/80 ICI v. Italian Financial [1982] ECR 2349 256
Administration [1981] ECR 1191 70 Case 230/81 Luxembourg v. European
Case 113/80 Commission v. Ireland [1981] Parliament [1983] ECR 2555 207
ECR 1625 264 Case 246/81 Bethell v. Commission [1982]
Case 115/80 Demont v. Commission [1981] ECR 2277 219
ECR 3147 115 Case 249/81 Commission v. Ireland [1982]
Case 130/80 Criminal proceedings against ECR 4005 252
Fabriek voor Hoogwaardige Case 261/81 Walter Rau Lebensmittelwerke v.
Voedingsprodukten Kelderman BV [1981] De Smedt PVBA [1982] ECR 3961 255
ECR 527 254, 257 Case 271/81 Société coopérative d’amélioration
Case 138/80 Borker (preliminary ruling) [1980] de l’élevage et d’insémination artificielle du
ECR 1979 64 Béarn v. Lucien J.M. Mialocq and others
Case 155/80 Proceedings against Oebel [1981] [1983] ECR 2057 244
ECR 1993 254, 256, 262 Case 283/81 Srl CILFIT and Lanificio di
Joined Cases 197 etc./80 Ludwigshafener Gavardo SpA v. Ministry of Health [1982]
Walzmühle Erling KG v. Council and ECR 3415 64, 65, 67, 69, 72, 74
Commission [1981] ECR 3211 226 Case 286/81 Criminal proceedings against
Case 244/80 Foglia v. Novello (No. 2) [1981] Oosthoek’s Uitgeversmaatschappij BV
ECR 3045 61, 66, 72, 74 [1982] ECR 4575 255, 262
Case 246/80 Broekmeulen v. Huisarts Case 11/82 Piraiki-Patraiki v. Commission
Registratie Commissie [1981] ECR 2311 [1985] ECR 207 211
64, 335 Joined Cases 35 & 36/82 Morson v. the
Case 28/81 Commission v. Italy [1981] Netherlands [1982] ECR 3723 312
ECR 2577 189, 191, 197 Case 40/82 Commission v. UK (‘French
Case 53/81 Levin v. Staatssecretaris van Turkeys’) [1984] ECR 283 xxxv, xxxvi,
Justitie [1982] ECR 1035 308, 320 266, 271
Case 60/81 IBM v. Commission [1981] Case 42/82 Commission v. France [1983]
ECR 2639 206 ECR 1013 267

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 xiv Table of cases and statutes

Case 74/82 Commission v. Ireland (Re Case 107/83 Ordre des avocats au Barreau de
Protection of Animal Health) [1984] Paris v. Onno Klopp [1984] ECR 2971 329
ECR 317 xxxvi, 266 Case 145/83 Adams v. Commission [1985]
Case 174/82 Officier van Justitie v. Sandoz ECR 3539 225
[1983] ECR 2445 xxxvi, 267, 271 Case 177/83 Th. Kohl KG v. Ringelhan &
Joined Cases 177 & 178/82 Criminal Rennett SA and Ringelhan Einrichtungs
proceedings against Jan van de Haar and GmbH [1984] ECR 3651 265
Kaveka de Meern BV [1984] ECR 1797 254 Case 207/83 Commission v. United Kingdom
Case 199/82 Amministrazione della Finanze [1985] ECR 1201 256
dello Stato v. San Giorgio [1983] ECR 3595 Case 229/83 Association des Centres
240 Distributeurs Edouard Leclerc v. ‘Au Blé Vert’
Case 222/82 Apple and Pear Development Sarl [1985] ECR 1 264
Council v. K.J. Lewis Ltd and others [1983] Case 231/83 Cullet v. Centre Leclerc [1985]
ECR 4083 251 ECR 305 265
Case 227/82 Criminal proceedings against Case 253/83 Sektkellerei C.A. Kupferberg
Leendert van Bennekom [1983] ECR 3883 & Cie KG v. Hauptzollamt Mainz [1985]
264 ECR 157 241
Case 237/82 Jongeneel Kaas BV and others v. Case 261/83 Castelli v. ONPTS [1984]
Netherlands and Stichting Centraal Orgaan ECR 3199 314
Zuivelcontrole [1984] ECR 483 262 Case 267/83 Diatta v. Land Berlin [1985]
Case 231/82 Spijker Kwasten NV v. Commission ECR 567 284
[1983] ECR 2559 211 Case 293/83 Gravier v. City of Liège [1985]
Case 237/82 Jongeneel Kaas BV v. Netherlands ECR 593 344, 345, 346
[1984] ECR 483 254 Case 294/83 Partie Ecologiste (‘Les Verts’) v.
Case 238/82 Duphar BV and others v. European Parliament [1986] ECR 1339 207
Netherlands [1984] ECR 523 255, 256 264 Joined Cases 60 & 61/84 Cinéthèque SA and
Joined Cases 286/82 & 26/83 Luisi and others v. Fédération nationale des cinémas
Carbone v. Ministero del Tesoro [1984] français [1985] ECR 2605 256
ECR 377 342, 343, 346 Case 73/84 Denkavit Futtermittel v. Land
Case 314/82 Commission v. Belgium (Re Health Nordrhein-Westfalen [1985] ECR 1013 267
Inspection Service) [1984] ECR 1543 240 Case 101/84 Commission v. Italy (Re Statistical
Case 13/83 Parliament v. Council (Re ERTA) Returns) [1985] ECR 2626 190, 191, 197
[1985] ECR 1513 218, 219 Case 112/84 Humblot v. Directeur des Services
Case 14/83 Von Colson v. Land Nordrhein- Fiscaux [1985] ECR 1367 242
Westfalen [1984] ECR 1891 xxxiii, 152, Case 152/84 Marshall v. Southampton and
153, 158, 159, 161, 163 South West Area Health Authority (Teaching)
Case 16/83 Criminal proceedings against Karl (No. 1) [1986] ECR 723 xxxi, xxxiii, 152,
Prantl [1984] ECR 1299 254, 257, 265 153, 154, 159, 163, 164, 165, 170
Case 63/83 R v. Kent Kirk [1984] ECR Case 157/84 Frascogna v. Caisse des dépôts
2689 100, 102, 112, 118 et consignations [1985] ECR 1739 314
Case 70/83 Gerda Kloppenburg v. Finanzamt Case 175/84 Krohn v. Commission [1986]
Leer [1984] ECR 1075 136 ECR 753 225, 226
Case 72/83 Campus Oil v. Minister of State for Case 178/84 Commission v. Germany (Re Beer
Industry and Energy [1984] ECR 2727 265 Purity Laws) [1987] ECR 1227 267
Joined Cases 98 & 230/83 Van Gend en Loos Case 181/84 R v. Intervention Board for
NV and Expeditiebedrijf Wim Bosman BV v. Agricultural Produce, ex p. Man (Sugar)
Commission [1984] ECR 3763 113 [1985] ECR 2889 108, 118

A01_KENT9021_01_SE_FM.indd xiv 20/5/14 4:29 PM

 Table of cases and statutes xv

Case 182/84 Criminal proceedings against Case 314/85 Foto-Frost v. Hauptzollamt

Miro BV [1985] ECR 3731 257 Lübeck-Ost [1987] ECR 4199 69
Case 190/84 Parti écologiste ‘Les Verts’ v. Case 407/85 Drei Glocken v. USL [1988]
European Parliament [1988] ECR 1017 207 ECR 4233 255, 257
Case 197/84 Steinhauser v. City of Biarritz Case 433/85 Feldain v. Directeur des Services
[1985] ECR 1819 331 Fiscaux [1987] ECR 3521 242
Case 205/84 Commission v. Germany [1986] Case 14/86 Pretore di Salò v. Persons Unknown
ECR 3755 329 [1987] ECR 2545 64
Case 222/84 Johnston v. Chief Constable Case 24/86 Blaizot v. University of Liège [1988]
of the Royal Ulster Constabulary [1986] ECR 379 345
ECR 1651 103, 114, 155 Case 26/86 Deutz und Geldermann v. Council
Case 243/84 John Walker & Sons Ltd v. [1987] ECR 941 210
Ministeriet for Skatter og Afgifter [1986] Case 39/86 Lair v. Universität Hannover [1988]
ECR 875 241 ECR 3161 286, 314, 315
Case 253/84 GAEC v. Council and Commission Case 45/86 Commission v. Council [1987]
[1987] ECR 123 225 ECR 1493 217
Case 307/84 Commission v. France (Re French Case 63/86 Commission v. Italy (Re Housing
Nurses) [1986] ECR 1725 311 Aid) [1988] ECR 29 331
Case 59/85 Netherlands v. Reed [1986] Case 80/86 Criminal proceedings against
ECR 1283 284 Kolpinghuis Nijmegen BV [1987] ECR 3969
Case 66/85 Lawrie-Blum v. Land 160
Baden-Württemberg [1986] ECR 2121 Case 197/86 Brown v. Secretary of State for
308, 311, 320 Scotland [1988] ECR 3205 286, 314, 315
Case 79/85 Segers v. Bestuur van de Case 222/86 Union Nationale des Entraîneurs
Bedrijfsvereniging voor Bank- en et Cadres Techniques Professionels du
Verzekeringswezen, Groothandel en Vrije Football (UNECTEF) v. Heylens [1987]
Beroepen [1986] ECR 2375 330 ECR 4097 114
Case 121/85 Conegate Ltd v. Customs and Case 263/86 Belgium v. Humbel [1988]
Excise Commissioners [1986] ECR ECR 5365 345
1007 264, 265 Case 292/86 Gulling v. Conseils des Ordres
Joined Cases 133 etc./85 Walter Rau v. BALM des Barreaux et de Savene [1988] ECR 111
[1987] ECR 2289 109 333
Case 139/85 Kempf v. Staatssecretaris van Case 302/86 Commission v. Denmark
Justitie [1986] ECR 1741 308 (Re Disposable Beer Cans) [1988]
Case 154/85R Commission v. Italy (Re Import ECR 4607 256, 257
of Foreign Motor Vehicle) [1985] ECR 1753 Case 42/87 Commission v. Belgium [1988]
189 ECR 5445 316, 345
Case 196/85 Commission v. France [1987] Case 45/87R Commission v. Ireland (Re
ECR 1597 242 Dundalk Water Supply) [1987] ECR 783
Case 234/85 Staatsanwaltschaft Freiburg v. 237
Franz Keller [1986] ECR 2897 115 Case 81/87 R v. HM Treasury, ex p. Daily Mail
Case 249/85 Albako v. BALM [1987] ECR 2345 and General Trust plc [1988] ECR
109 5483 329, 330, 345, 346, 347
Joined Cases 281 etc./85 Germany v. Case 186/87 Cowan v. French Treasury [1989]
Commission [1987] ECR 3203 87 ECR 195 342, 346
Case 293/85 Commission v. Belgium (Re Case 196/87 Steymann v. Staatssecretaris van
University Fees) [1988] ECR 305 189 Justitie [1988] ECR 6159 308, 320

A01_KENT9021_01_SE_FM.indd xv 20/5/14 4:29 PM

Other documents randomly have
different content
 Engineering - Instructor Guide
First 2024 - Research Center

Prepared by: Dr. Davis

Date: August 12, 2025

Chapter 1: Fundamental concepts and principles

Learning Objective 1: Ethical considerations and implications
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Learning Objective 2: Key terms and definitions
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Learning Objective 3: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Learning Objective 4: Best practices and recommendations
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Learning Objective 5: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Key terms and definitions
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 7: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Best practices and recommendations
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Ethical considerations and implications
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Discussion 2: Interdisciplinary approaches
Key Concept: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Research findings and conclusions
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Key Concept: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 13: Current trends and future directions
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Study tips and learning strategies
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 15: Literature review and discussion
• Historical development and evolution
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 16: Ethical considerations and implications
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Remember: Study tips and learning strategies
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Introduction 3: Best practices and recommendations
Example 20: Key terms and definitions
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 21: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Key Concept: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 22: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Key Concept: Historical development and evolution
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 24: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Definition: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 26: Current trends and future directions
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Current trends and future directions
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Study tips and learning strategies
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 29: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
References 4: Theoretical framework and methodology
Important: Practical applications and examples
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Important: Study tips and learning strategies
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 33: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Remember: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 35: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Important: Best practices and recommendations
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 36: Best practices and recommendations
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Note: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 38: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Important: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Historical development and evolution
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Key Concept: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Historical development and evolution
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Exercise 5: Study tips and learning strategies
Note: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Definition: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 42: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Example 42: Current trends and future directions
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
[Figure 44: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Remember: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Ethical considerations and implications
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 46: Current trends and future directions
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Key Concept: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Case studies and real-world applications
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Key terms and definitions
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Results 6: Fundamental concepts and principles
Important: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Experimental procedures and results
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 53: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 54: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Practical applications and examples
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 55: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Experimental procedures and results
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 57: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Practice Problem 58: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 59: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Practice Problem 59: Study tips and learning strategies
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Discussion 7: Best practices and recommendations
Note: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 61: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Important: Ethical considerations and implications
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Study tips and learning strategies
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 63: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Key Concept: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
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