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 THE ROUTLEDGE
INTERNATIONAL HANDBOOK
OF DISABILITY HUMAN
RIGHTS HIERARCHIES

Disability is defined by hierarchy. Regardless of culture or context, persons

with disabilities are almost always pushed to the bottom of the social hierarchy.
With the advent of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
(2006), disability human rights seemingly provided a path forward for tearing
down ableist social hierarchies and ensuring that all persons with disabilities
everywhere were treated equally. Despite important progress, the disability
human rights project not only remains incomplete but has also created new
hierarchies among persons with disabilities themselves or across the human
rights it promotes. Certain groups of persons with disabilities have gained
new voices while others remain silenced, and certain rights are prioritized over
others, depending on what states, international organizations, or advocates
want rather than what those on the ground need most.
This volume was inspired by the continued need both to expose human
rights violations against persons with disabilities and to explore the nuanced
role that hierarchies play in the spread, implementation, and protection of
disability human rights. The enjoyment of human rights is not equal nor is
the recognition of specific individual and group rights. In order to change this
situation, inequalities across the disability human rights movement must be
explored.

Divided into five parts:

Who counts as disabled?
Political, social, and cultural context
Which rights on top, whose rights on the bottom?
Pushed to the periphery of the disability rights movement

Containing representations of disability comprising 34 newly written

chapters including case studies from the Anglophone Caribbean, Bangladesh,
Bosnia-Herzegovina, China, Ghana, Haiti, Hungary, India, Israel, Kenya,
Latin America, Poland, Russia, Scotland, Serbia and South Africa, and other
countries, this book will be of interest to all scholars and students of disability
studies, sociology, human rights law, and social policy.

Stephen J. Meyers is director of the Center for Global Studies at the University
of Washington, Seattle, USA. He is the author of Civilizing Disability Society:
The UN Disability Convention Socializing Grassroots Disabled Persons
Organizations in Nicaragua. Cambridge University Press, 2019.

Megan McCloskey is senior fellow, Disability Inclusive Development Initiative,

International Policy Institute, Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies
at the University of Washington, Seattle, USA.

Gabor Petri is postdoctoral researcher at the Democracy Institute, Central

European University, Budapest, and honorary lecturer at the Tizard Centre at
the University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
 ROUTLEDGE INTERNATIONAL HANDBOOKS

ROUTLEDGE INTERNATIONAL HANDBOOK

OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES ON DESCENDANTS
OF HOLOCAUST SURVIVORS
Edited by Judith Tydor Baumel-Schwartz and Amit Shrira

ROUTLEDGE INTERNATIONAL HANDBOOK OF VISUAL-MOTOR

SKILLS, HANDWRITING, AND SPELLING
Edited by Yanyan Ye, Tomohiro Inoue, Urs Maurer, and Catherine McBride

ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

Edited by Helge Jörgens, Christoph Knill and Yves Steinebach

THE ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF SOFT POWER (2nd Edition)

Edited by Naren Chitty, Lilian Ji, Gary D Rawnsley

THE ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF URBAN LOGISTICS

Edited by Jason Monios, Lucy Budd and Stephen Ison

THE ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF COMPARATIVE GLOBAL

URBAN STUDIES
Edited by Patrick LeGalès and Jennifer Robinson

THE ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF TRANSATLANTIC RELATIONS

Edited by Elaine Fahey

THE ROUTLEDGE INTERNATIONAL HANDBOOK OF DISABILITY

HUMAN RIGHTS HIERARCHIES
Edited by Stephen J. Meyers, Megan McCloskey and Gabor Petri
 THE ROUTLEDGE
INTERNATIONAL
HANDBOOK OF
DISABILITY HUMAN
RIGHTS HIERARCHIES

Edited by Stephen J. Meyers,

Megan McCloskey and Gabor Petri
 Designed cover image: Getty Images
First published 2024
by Routledge
4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa
business
© 2024 selection and editorial matter, Stephen J. Meyers, Megan
McCloskey and Gabor Petri; individual chapters, the contributors
The right of Stephen J. Meyers, Megan McCloskey and Gabor Petri to be
identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for
their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77
and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced
or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means,
now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording,
or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in
writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or
registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation
without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Meyers, Stephen J., 1976– editor. | McCloskey, Megan, editor. |
Petri, Gabor (Postdoctoral researcher), editor.
Title: The Routledge international handbook of disability human rights
hierarchies / edited by Stephen J. Meyers, Megan McCloskey and Gabor Petri.
Description: Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2024. |
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2023018139 (print) | LCCN 2023018140 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: People with disabilities—Civil rights. | People with
disabilities—Social conditions. | Discrimination against people with
disabilities. | Social status.
Classification: LCC HV1568 .R69 2024 (print) | LCC HV1568 (ebook) |
DDC 323.3/7—dc23/eng/20230509
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2023018139
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2023018140

ISBN: 978-1-032-53083-3 (hbk)

ISBN: 978-1-032-53084-0 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-41008-9 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003410089

Typeset in Sabon
by Apex CoVantage, LLC
 CONTENTS

List of figures xii

List of tables xiv
List of contributors xv

Introduction 1

PART I
Who counts as disabled? 11

1 Knowing about the human rights situation of women

burn survivors in Bangladesh 13
Jannatul Ferdous Ivy

2 Creating a STORM: working together to fight stigma

and stand up for the rights of people with learning disabilities 21
Lisa Richardson, Michaela Osborne, Christine Burke,
Karuna Davies, Adrian Brown, Celia Brown, Paul
Davies, Harry Roche and Katrina Scior

3 Rethinking the capacities of disabled children from the

perspective of new materialism 36
Radoš Keravica

vii
 Contents

4 A journey to realize an autistic’s rights 58

Rebekah Kintzinger, Stephanie Côté and Ajay Gandhi

5 “To tremble, else break”: dismantling normative

hierarchies of chronic Lyme 75
Pavithra Suresh

6 The balancing act: disability at the intersection of

minority ethnicity 88
Stéphanie Harvey and Julie Jaye Charles

7 Mental health service users claiming their right to

self-advocacy: the journey of Autoekprosopsi 100
Leonardos Skordos, Diakakis Panagiotis, Garyfalia
Marini, Athina Fragkouli and Panagiota Fitsiou

8 Developing cultural capacity with people who have

profound intellectual disabilities 111
Nicola Clare Grove, Annie Fergusson, Gillian White,
Naomi Hewardine, Karen Bunning, Maureen Phillip,
Sue Ledger and Elizabeth Tilley

9 Fighting for the rights of the non-speaking: typing

words to be heard 129
Nicolas Joncour

PART II
Political, social, and cultural context 135

10 Exploring the now and the prospects of the disability

rights movement in Latin America 137
Ana María Sánchez Rodríguez and Beatriz Miranda Galarza

11 On the margins while in the midst of conflict: adults

with intellectual disabilities in Northern Ireland and
Bosnia Herzegovina 156
Áine Sperrin

viii
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 Contents

12 Personal assistance services in Poland during the period

of higher education: paving the way for independent living 181
Ewa Giermanowska, Mariola Racław
and Dorota Szawarska

13 Theories of social dominance in group-based

hierarchies: reflections from the United Nations
Partnership on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
(UNPRPD) project in Uruguay 202
Holly Wescott

14 Intellectual disability and sexuality in Ultra-Orthodox

Jewish communities 230
Rina B. Pikkel and Chaya Gershuni

15 On the hierarchy of human rights of persons with

disabilities and higher education: capturing the
fulfilment of the right to accessibility in Indonesia 255
Despan Heryansyah and Sahid Hadi

16 Violence against women and girls with disabilities in

residential institutions in Serbia 283
Kosana Beker and Biljana Janjic

17 Disability and displacement: disability hierarchy among

refugees and other displaced people 301
Jennifer Ward

18 Hierarchy, education and persons with disabilities in

Anglophone Caribbean 318
Senator Floyd Morris

PART III
Which rights on top, whose rights on the bottom? 339

19 Hierarchies of impairment and digital disability rights 341

Sarah Lewthwaite and Abi James

ix
 Contents

20 Communication rights moderated through hierarchies

of disability and childhood 362
Sharynne McLeod and Jessica McLeod

21 Including the voices of persons with intellectual

disabilities in academia: participatory research,
education and development in the academic world 382
Anikó Sándor, Csilla Cserti-Szauer, András Futár
and Jan Walmsley

22 Exploring intersectional and ethical feminist

perspectives as a possible framework for understanding
violence against women with disabilities in Africa with
specific reference to forced sterilisation 398
Adetokunbo Johnson and Karin van Marle

23 Inclusive education through a neoliberal lens: the

hierarchal differences between rural and urban China 420
James Hardy and Gaye Tyler-Merrick

PART IV
Pushed to the periphery of the disability rights movement 435

24 Excluded from the disability rights debate: the missed

voices of people with speech impairments 437
Armineh Soorenian

25 Hierarchies of leadership within disability justice

movements: the voices of individuals with intellectual
disabilities are often left unheard 443
Jason Harris, Micah Fialka-Feldman, Megan E. Cartier
and Sara Jo Soldovieri

26 Zhenshchiny. Invalidnost’. Feminizm./Women.

Disability. Feminism.: claiming ourselves against ableism 460
Alyona Lyovina, Maria Tselovatova
and Philippa Mullins

27 Two sides of the same coin: domination of the views of

the educated in organisations of the blind in Ghana 475
Alimata Abdul Karimu
x
 Contents

28 Between the disability movement and the feminist

movement: intersectional mobilizations of women with
disabilities in Haiti 493
Dominique Masson, Stephen Baranyi and Ilionor Louis

PART V
Representations of disability 513

29 Reflections of misperceptions 515

James Ian

30 Pirate Island 517

Elizabeth Mestheneos

31 Disability or vulnerability: how courts distinguish

between physical and psychosocial disabilities in an
employment context 535
Radina Ugrinova

32 Rooted in rights: women with disabilities in India and Kenya 553

Mildred Omino and Shubha Nagesh

33 Conversation across continents on hierarchies, human

security and COVID-19 572
Rosemary Joan Gowran, Eileen Davis, Natasha Layton,
Ricky Buchanan, Diane Bell, Jody Lee van Heerden,
Deepak Nathan and Sureshkumar Kamalakannan

34 An invitation to contemplate: dialogues about disability

hierarchies between South Africa and Scotland 599
Njabulo Hlongwane, Judith Drake and Jean Cathro

35 Countering disability hierarchy with cross-disability solidarity 620

Gabor Gombos and Amita Dhanda

36 Intersecting identities 631

Elizabeth Hassler

Index 638

xi
 FIGURES

1.1 A photograph of the author, a burn survivor 15

2.1 The STORM manual; this is a guide to tell facilitators what
they need to do to run STORM sessions 25
2.2 This is a picture of the STORM booklet; this is for group
members to use during STORM sessions and to help them
with their action plans 26
2.3 This is a picture of the STORM Wiki, a website where all the
videos and materials for running STORM groups are saved 27
2.4 A photograph of the STORM Expert Advisor Panel
following one of our meetings 28
8.1 Leo and his bird 114
8.2 Self-portrait, by Cherry Lane with Project Art Works 121
8.3 Cherry Lane visiting The Keep. (The learning and outreach
officer had prepared a collection of work from other local
artists for Cherry to view and handle) 123
13.1 Illustration of capital forces in a field 204
13.2 Conceptual diagram of the UNPRPD within the UN system 205
13.3 UN system field as it relates to the UNPRPD Uruguay
country project 206
13.4 UNPRPD Uruguay country project-partnering entities 212
13.5 ‘Hotspot’ analysis of Uruguayan municipalities 213
19.1 Chart showing comparison of internet and broadband access
between high- and low/middle-income countries 352

xii
 Figures

20.1 Young children with a communication disability (speech

sound disorder) drew themselves talking and revealed that
1) they needed their mouth and “listening ears” to talk with
others (note the large ear on the “listener”) and 2) sometimes
they felt “sad, because they don’t let me play” because
children could not understand their speech 368
20.2 Young children with a communication disability (speech
sound disorder) drew themselves talking and revealed that
1) they needed their mouth and “listening ears” to talk with
others (note the large ear on the “listener”) and 2) sometimes
they felt “sad, because they don’t let me play” because
children could not understand their speech 369
21.1 Inclusive graffiti project ‘We are a unit!’ 394
26.1 Alyona Lyovina 472
26.2 Maria Tselovatova 473
27.1 Waste paper basket 478
27.2 Hamper basket 479
27.3 Large bamboo hamper basket 480
27.4 Seagrass doormat 480
27.5 A picture showing samples of the handicrafts mentioned in
this section 481
33.1 Massachusetts Commission for the Deaf and Hard of
Hearing COVID-19 card 592
34.1 Isikhathi sokunqoba600
34.2 Nginikeni izinduku zami nesihlangu sami (Give me my sticks
and my shield) 616

xiii
 TABLES

2.1 Key messages for the five STORM sessions 24

13.1 Legend of acronyms 207
13.2 IPA superordinate and subordinate themes 209
13.3 Legend of acronyms 212
14.1 Central values, their meaning and practical implementation,
and their reevaluation using disability theory 247
17.1 Participant profiles 303
20.1 Examples of static versus dynamic and visible versus invisible
disabilities371
23.1 The percentage of enrolment and graduation of children in
China from 2010–2012 424

xiv
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