What should Pakistan’s foreign policy approach be toward the Russia-Ukraine
conflict?
Introduction
The Russia-Ukraine war has shaken the global order, already fragile due to the pandemic
and economic challenges. Its widespread effects, including disruptions in the supply chain,
food shortages, and heightened insecurity in Europe, have impacted countries worldwide.
Pakistan, facing its economic struggles, has maintained a neutral foreign policy in line with
its national interests. This approach, while avoiding direct involvement, opens avenues for
exploring strategies to benefit from the ongoing conflict without compromising Pakistan’s
long-term goals.
Overview of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict
The roots of the Russia-Ukraine war go back centuries, but the current aggression stems
from NATO’s eastward expansion, perceived as a threat by Russia. President Putin has
consistently opposed NATO’s presence near Russian borders, fearing a direct security
challenge. The invasion, intended to deter Ukraine from aligning with the West, has led to a
prolonged stalemate. Neither side has achieved its objectives, with Russia facing global
sanctions and Ukraine suffering immense economic and social damage.
Pakistan’s Current Foreign Policy Analysis
Pakistan has adopted a stance of neutrality, balancing ties with the West and Russia. During
the war’s outbreak, Pakistan’s leadership engaged with Russia to strengthen bilateral ties,
despite Western pressures. This neutral approach aligns with Pakistan’s need to maintain
relations with both sides to secure economic, energy, and geopolitical interests. By avoiding
entanglement in alliances, Pakistan has positioned itself to act in its best interest amidst
global tensions.
Prospective Foreign Policy Options for Pakistan
1. Maintaining Neutrality
Pakistan should continue its neutral stance, learning from past mistakes during the Cold
War, when siding with the West soured relations with Russia. Neutrality ensures Pakistan
doesn’t become a pawn in global power struggles.
2. Mediating Resolutions
Pakistan can leverage its history of facilitating peace, as seen in its role during US-China
rapprochement. Acting as a mediator between Russia and Ukraine could enhance
Pakistan’s global standing and promote regional stability.
3. Advocating Regional Peace
Using platforms like the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), Pakistan can push for
collective efforts to address security challenges arising from the conflict. Hosting SCO
summits provides an opportunity to advocate peace and cooperation.
4. Balancing Relations
Pakistan must strengthen ties with allies on both sides of the conflict. Diplomatic navigation
is crucial to maintain partnerships with powers like China, the US, and Saudi Arabia,
ensuring economic and political stability.
5. Providing Humanitarian Assistance
By offering aid to Ukraine, Pakistan demonstrates its commitment to global solidarity. Such
actions reflect Pakistan’s neutral stance while supporting affected populations.
6. Improving Regional Ties
Pakistan should prioritize stronger relations with its neighbors, such as Iran, Afghanistan,
and India. Economic and political collaboration can mitigate security risks and promote
regional stability, much like ASEAN’s model in Southeast Asia.
Future of the Russia-Ukraine War: A Critical Analysis
The war has reached a stalemate, with both sides unable to achieve decisive victories.
Economic damage to Ukraine far outweighs Russia’s challenges, highlighting the
disproportionate impact of the conflict. Analysts predict a possible end to the war by 2024,
but the broader consequences for global stability remain uncertain.
Conclusion
The Russia-Ukraine conflict has redefined global dynamics, necessitating strategic and
adaptive foreign policies. Pakistan’s neutral stance aligns with its historical principles while
ensuring national interests. By exploring options such as mediation, regional advocacy, and
humanitarian aid, Pakistan can safeguard its position in an unpredictable world order.
Proactive diplomacy and strategic foresight will enable Pakistan to navigate challenges and
turn crises into opportunities for long-term growth.
