AEROSPACE AMS 5790C

MATERIAL Issued OCT 1984

SPECIFICATION Revised MAY 2003

Superseding AMS 5790B

Steel, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Welding Wire

20Cr - 10Ni - 0.75Cb,
High Ferrite Grade
(Composition similar to UNS S34780)

1. SCOPE:

1.1 Form:

This specification covers a corrosion and heat-resistant steel in the form of welding wire.

1.2 Application:

This wire has been used typically as filler metal for gas-tungsten-arc or gas-metal-arc welding of
corrosion and heat-resistant alloys of similar composition, but usage is not limited to such
applications.

1.2.1: The relatively high ferrite content promotes weldability by combating microfissuring and minimizing
cracking in heavy sections but limits use of the wire to applications not operating in the sigma-
forming temperature range, approximately 1100 to 1600 °F (590 to 870 °C).

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS:

The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this
specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a
document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been
cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document
shall apply.

SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely
voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”
SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.
Copyright © 2003 SAE International
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.

TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)

Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
Fax: 724-776-0790
Email: [email protected]
SAE WEB ADDRESS: http://www.sae.org
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2.1 SAE Publications:

Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 or www.sae.org.

AMS 2248 Chemical Check Analysis Limits, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Steels and Alloys,
Maraging and Other Highly-Alloyed Steels, and Iron Alloys
AMS 2371 Quality Assurance Sampling and Testing, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Steels
and Alloys, Wrought Products and Forging Stock
AMS 2813 Packaging and Marking of Packages of Welding Wire, Standard Method
AMS 2814 Packaging and Marking of Packages of Welding Wire, Premium Quality
AMS 2816 Identification, Welding Wire, Tab Marking Method
AMS 2819 Identification, Welding Wire, Direct Color Code System
ARP1876 Weldability Test for Weld Filler Metal Wire
ARP4926 Alloy Verification and Chemical Composition Inspection of Welding Wire

2.2 ASTM Publications:

Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 or
www.astm.org.

ASTM E 353 Chemical Analysis of Stainless, Heat-Resisting, Maraging, and Other Similar
Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloys

2.3 AWS Publications:

Available from American Welding Society, 550 NW LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126 or
www.aws.org.

AWS Handbook, Volume 4, 7th Edition - Metals and Their Weldability

3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS:

3.1 Wire Composition:

Shall conform to the percentages by weight shown in Table 1, determined by wet chemical methods
in accordance with ASTM E 353, by spectrochemical methods, or by other analytical methods
acceptable to purchaser.

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TABLE 1 – Composition
Element min max
Carbon (3.1.1.1) -- 0.05
Manganese 1.00 2.50
Silicon 0.30 0.65
Phosphorus -- 0.015
Sulfur -- 0.015
Chromium 18.50 21.00
Nickel 9.00 11.00
Columbium 10xC 0.80
Molybdenum -- 0.75
Tantalum -- 0.05
Copper -- 0.50
Nitrogen (3.1.1.1) -- 0.006 (60 ppm)

3.1.1 Chemical analysis of initial bar or rod stock before drawing is acceptable provided processes used
for drawing or rolling, annealing, and cleaning are controlled to ensure continued conformance to
composition requirements.

3.1.1.1 Carbon and nitrogen shall also be determined periodically on finished wire (See 4.2.2).

3.1.2 Check Analysis: Composition variations shall meet the applicable requirements of AMS 2248.

3.1.3 Ferrite Control: Ferrite number of the wire shall be not less than 5.0, based on the calculated ferrite
content from the DeLong diagram (See AWS Handbook, Volume 4, 7th Edition, Page 106).

3.2 Condition:

Cold worked, bright finish, in a temper and with a surface finish which will provide proper feeding of
the wire in machine welding equipment.

3.3 Fabrication:

3.3.1 Wire shall be formed from rod or bar descaled by a process which does not affect the composition
of the wire. Surface irregularities inherent with a forming process that does not tear the wire
surfaces are acceptable provided the wire conforms to the tolerances of 3.6.

3.3.2 Butt welding is permissible provided both ends to be joined are alloy verified using a method
capable of distinguishing the alloy from all other alloys processed within the facility, or the repair is
made at the wire processing station. The butt weld shall not interfere with uniform, uninterrupted
feeding of the wire in machine welding equipment.

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3.3.3 In-process annealing, if required between cold rolling or drawing operations, shall be performed in
vacuum or in protective atmosphere to ensure freedom from surface oxidation and absorption of
other extraneous elements.

3.3.4 Residual elements, drawing compounds, oxides, dirt, oil, dissolved gases, and other foreign
materials picked up during wire processing that can adversely affect the welding characteristics,
the operation of the equipment, or the properties of the weld metal, shall be removed by cleaning
processes which will neither result in pitting nor cause gas absorption by the wire or deposition of
substances harmful to welding operations.

3.4 Properties:

Wire shall conform to the following requirements:

3.4.1 Weldability: Melted wire shall flow smoothly and evenly during welding and shall produce
acceptable welds, determined by a procedure acceptable to purchaser. ARP1876 may be used to
resolve weldability disputes.

3.4.2 Spooled Wire: Shall conform to 3.4.2.1 and 3.4.2.2.

3.4.2.1 Cast: Wire, wound on standard 12-inch (305-mm) diameter spools, shall have imparted to it a
curvature such that a specimen sufficient in length to form one loop with a 1-inch (25-mm)
overlap, when cut from the spool and laid on a flat surface, shall form a circle15 to 50 inches
(381 to 1270 mm) in diameter.

3.4.2.2 Helix: The specimen on which cast was determined, when laid on a flat surface and measured
between adjacent turns, shall show a vertical separation not greater than 1 inch (25 mm).

3.5 Quality:

Wire, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from
foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to welding operations, operation of welding
equipment, or properties of the deposited weld metal.

3.6 Sizes and Tolerances:

Wire shall be supplied in the sizes and to the tolerances shown in 3.6.1 and 3.6.2.

3.6.1 Diameter: Shall be as shown in Table 2.

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TABLE 2A - Sizes and Tolerances, Inch/Pound Units

Tolerance
Nominal Diameter Inch
Form Inch Plus and Minus
Cut Lengths 0.030, 0.035, 0.045 0.001
Cut Lengths 0.062, 0.078, 0.094, 0.125, 0.156, 0.187 0.002
Spools 0.007, 0.010, 0.015 0.0005
Spools 0.020, 0.030, 0.035, 0.045 0.001
Spools 0.062, 0.078, 0.094 0.002

Table 2B - Sizes And Tolerances, SI Units

Tolerance
Millimeter
Form Nominal DiameterMillimeters Plus and Minus
Cut Lengths 0.76, 0.89, 1.14 0.025
Cut Lengths 1.57, 1.98, 2.39, 3.18, 3.96, 4.75 0.05
Spools 0.18, 0.25, 0.38 0.013
Spools 0.51, 0.76, 0.89, 1.14 0.025
Spools 1.57, 1.98, 2.39 0.05

3.6.2 Length: Cut lengths shall be furnished in 18, 27, or 36-inch (457, 686, or 914-mm) lengths, as
ordered, and shall not vary more than +0, -0.5 inch (-13 mm) from the length ordered.

4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS:

4.1 Responsibility for Inspection:

The vendor of wire shall supply all samples for vendor’s tests and shall be responsible for the
performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any
confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the wire conforms to specified requirements.

4.2 Classification of Tests:

4.2.1 Acceptance Tests: Composition ( 3.1.1), ferrite number (3.1.3), sizes and tolerances (3.6), and
alloy verification (5.2) are acceptance tests and shall be performed on each heat or lot as
applicable.

4.2.2 Periodic Tests: Determination of carbon and nitrogen on finished wire (3.1.1.1), weldability (3.4.1),
cast (3.4.2.1), and helix (3.4.2.2) are periodic tests and shall be performed at a frequency selected
by the vendor unless frequency of testing is specified by purchaser.

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4.3 Sampling and Testing:

Shall be in accordance with AMS 2371 and as specified herein.

4.4 Reports:

The vendor of wire shall furnish with each shipment a report showing the results of tests for
composition and ferrite number of each heat and stating that the wire conforms to the other
technical requirements. This report shall include the purchase order number, heat and lot numbers,
AMS 5790C, nominal size, and quantity.

4.5 Resampling and Retesting:

Shall be in accordance with AMS 2371.

5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY:

5.1 Wire shall be supplied either on spools in one continuous length for machine welding or in cut
lengths for manual welding, as ordered. Wire on each spool or in each package of cut lengths shall
be from the same heat of steel.

5.2 Alloy Verification:

Wire on each spool or in each package of cut lengths shall be alloy verified by a method acceptable
to purchaser. The alloy verification procedures of ARP4926 are recommended.

5.2.1 An 8-inch (203-mm) length of wire shall be made accessible at both ends of each spool for alloy
verification.

5.3 Identification:

Shall be in accordance with AMS 2816 unless AMS 2819 or another method is specified by
purchaser.

5.4 Packaging and Marking:

Shall be in accordance with AMS 2813 unless AMS 2814 or another method is specified by
purchaser.

6. ACKNOWLEDGMENT:

A vendor shall mention this specification number and its revision letter in all quotations and when
acknowledging purchase orders.

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7. REJECTIONS:

Wire not conforming to this specification, or to modifications authorized by purchaser, will be subject to
rejection.

8. NOTES:

8.1 A change bar (|) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where
technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of a specification.
An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the specification.
Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in specifications that contain editorial
changes only.

8.2 Terms used in AMS are clarified in ARP1917.

8.3 Dimensions in inch/pound units are primary; dimensions in SI units are shown as the approximate
equivalents of the primary units and are presented only for information.

8.4 Purchase documents should specify not less than the following:

AMS 5790C
Size and form (spools or cut lengths) of wire desired
Length of cut lengths or weight of spools desired
Quantity of wire desired.

PREPARED UNDER THE JURISDICTION OF AMS COMMITTEE “F”

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