Ethical Dimensions of the Foreign Policy of the

European Union A Legal Appraisal 1st Edition Urfan

Khaliq 2025 easy download

Available at ebookultra.com
https://ebookultra.com/download/ethical-dimensions-of-the-foreign-
policy-of-the-european-union-a-legal-appraisal-1st-edition-urfan-
khaliq/

★★★★★
4.7 out of 5.0 (24 reviews )

PDF Available Immediately

 Ethical Dimensions of the Foreign Policy of the European
Union A Legal Appraisal 1st Edition Urfan Khaliq

EBOOK

Available Formats

■ PDF eBook Study Guide Ebook

EXCLUSIVE 2025 ACADEMIC EDITION – LIMITED RELEASE

Available Instantly Access Library

Here are some recommended products for you. Click the link to
download, or explore more at ebookultra.com

The Legitimacy of The European Union through Legal

Rationality Free Movement of Third Country Nationals 1st
Edition Richard Ball
https://ebookultra.com/download/the-legitimacy-of-the-european-union-
through-legal-rationality-free-movement-of-third-country-
nationals-1st-edition-richard-ball/

Climate change policy in the European Union 1st Edition

Andrew Jordan

https://ebookultra.com/download/climate-change-policy-in-the-european-
union-1st-edition-andrew-jordan/

The Role of Committees in the Policy Process of the

European Union Legislation Implementation and Deliberation
1st Edition Thomas Christiansen
https://ebookultra.com/download/the-role-of-committees-in-the-policy-
process-of-the-european-union-legislation-implementation-and-
deliberation-1st-edition-thomas-christiansen/

Media and Cultural Policy in the European Union 1st

Edition Katharine Sarikakis

https://ebookultra.com/download/media-and-cultural-policy-in-the-
european-union-1st-edition-katharine-sarikakis/
A Dictionary of the European Union 2nd ed Edition Lee
Mcgowan

https://ebookultra.com/download/a-dictionary-of-the-european-
union-2nd-ed-edition-lee-mcgowan/

Health Systems Governance in Europe The Role of European

Union Law and Policy 1st Edition Elias Mossialos

https://ebookultra.com/download/health-systems-governance-in-europe-
the-role-of-european-union-law-and-policy-1st-edition-elias-mossialos/

The Ethical Dimensions of the Biological and Health

Sciences 2nd Edition Ruth Ellen Bulger

https://ebookultra.com/download/the-ethical-dimensions-of-the-
biological-and-health-sciences-2nd-edition-ruth-ellen-bulger/

The Rights of Immigrant Workers in the European Union An

Evaluation of the EU Public Policy Process and the Legal
Status of Labour Immigrants from Maghreb Countries in the
New Receiving States 1st Edition Joanna Apap
https://ebookultra.com/download/the-rights-of-immigrant-workers-in-
the-european-union-an-evaluation-of-the-eu-public-policy-process-and-
the-legal-status-of-labour-immigrants-from-maghreb-countries-in-the-
new-receiving-states-1st-edi/

The European Union Peggy Kahn

https://ebookultra.com/download/the-european-union-peggy-kahn/
This page intentionally left blank
Ethical Dimensions of the Foreign Policy
of the European Union

This book analyses the theory and practice of the European

Union’s ‘ethical foreign policy’, arguing that current practices
dilute the impact and efficacy of EU policies but that an effort
which is at times effective is being made to protect certain values
in the Union’s international relations. Beginning with an
investigation of the international rules authorising or obliging
the Union/Community or the Member States to promote certain
values in third states or take action to protect them, Khaliq
goes on to examine the limits under international law which
constrain such policies. The issues are then assessed from an
EU/Community law perspective, and the importance attached to
ethical values and their relationship with other priorities and
objectives is analysed in the context of relations with Myanmar,
Nigeria, Pakistan, Israel and the Palestinian Authority. The
European Community’s humanitarian aid policy is also
discussed.
 Cambridge Studies in European Law and Policy

This series aims to produce original works which contain a critical

analysis of the state of the law in particular areas of European Law
and set out different perspectives and suggestions for its future
development. It also aims to encourage a range of work on law, legal
institutions and legal phenomena in Europe, including ‘law in
context’ approaches. The titles in the series will be of interest to
academics; policymakers; policy formers who are interested in
European legal, commercial, and political affairs; practising lawyers
including the judiciary; and advanced law students and researchers.

Joint Editors

Professor Dr. Laurence Gormley, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen,

The Netherlands
Professor Jo Shaw, University of Edinburgh

Editorial advisory board

Professor Richard Bellamy, University of Reading; Ms Catherine

Barnard, University of Cambridge; Professor Marise Cremona,
Queen Mary College, University of London; Professor Alan
Dashwood, University of Cambridge; Professor Dr Jacqueline
Dutheil de la Rochère, Université de Paris II, Director of the Centre
de Droit Européen, France; Dr Andrew Drzemczewski, Council of
Europe, Strasbourg, France; Sir David Edward KCMG, QC, former
Judge, Court of Justice of the European Communities,
Luxembourg; Professor Dr Walter Baron van Gerven, Emeritus
Professor, Leuven & Maastricht and former Advocate General, Court
of Justice of the European Communities; Professor Daniel
Halberstam, University of Michigan, USA; Professor Dr Ingolf
Pernice, Director of the Walter Hallstein Institut, Humboldt
Universität, Berlin; Michel Petite, Director General of the Legal
Service, Commission of the European Communities,
Bruxelles; Professor Dr Sinisa Rodin, University of Zagreb; Professor
Neil Walker, University of Aberdeen and EUI, Fiesole.
Books in the series
EU Enlargement and the Constitutions of Central and Eastern Europe
Anneli Albi
Social Rights and Market Freedom in the European Constitution: A Labour Law
Perspective
Stefano Giubboni
The Constitution for Europe: A Legal Analysis
Jean-Claude Piris

The European Convention on Human Rights: Achievements, Problems and Prospects

Steven Greer
European Broadcasting Law and Policy
Lorna Woods and Jackie Harrison
The Transformation of Citizenship in the European Union: Electoral Rights and the
Restructuring of Political Space
Jo Shaw
Implementing EU Pollution Control: Law and Integration
Bettina Lange
The Evolving European Union: Migration Law and Policy
Dora Kostakopoulou
Ethical Dimensions of the Foreign Policy of the European Union: A Legal Appraisal
Urfan Khaliq
Ethical Dimensions of the Foreign
Policy of the European Union

A Legal Appraisal

Urfan Khaliq
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo

Cambridge University Press

The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK
Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York
www.cambridge.org
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521870757

© Urfan Khaliq 2008

This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of

relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place
without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published in print format 2008

ISBN-13 978-0-511-42911-8 eBook (EBL)

ISBN-13 978-0-521-87075-7 hardback

Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls
for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not
guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.
Table of Contents

Series Editors’ Preface page xi

Acknowledgements and Preface xiii
The Constitutional Treaty and the Reform Treaty: Table
of Equivalences xv
Table of Cases xvi
Table of Treaties xxi
List of Abbreviations xxx

1 Introduction 1
2 Promoting Values in Foreign Relations: Policy
and Legal Issues 7
2.1 Introduction 7
2.2 Ethical Values and Foreign Policy: Choices
and Implications 11
2.3 Legal Considerations and the Policy of
Promoting and Protecting Ethical Values in
Third States 19
2.4 Conclusions 79
3 Promoting Values and the International
Relations of the Union and Community:
Competence and Practice 81
3.1 Introduction 81
3.2 Relationship between the Union and
Community and the Instruments Available for
Implementing an Ethical Foreign Policy 82
3.3 The Exercise of Competence and the Pursuit
of Ethical Foreign Policy Objectives 103
3.4 Conclusions 186

vii
viii contents

4 Ethical Values and Foreign Policy in Practice:

Responses to the Denial of Democracy in
Myanmar, Nigeria and Pakistan 189
4.1 Myanmar 189
4.1.1 Role of Ethical Values and Principles in
Regional Dialogue Involving Myanmar
and the Union 194
4.1.2 Bilateral Dealings with Myanmar 200
4.2 Pakistan 218
4.2.1 Legal and Political Structure of EU Dialogue
with Pakistan 221
4.2.2 Democracy, Human Rights, the Union
and Pakistan 223
4.2.3 The Union’s Successes in Promoting Ethical
Values in Pakistan 240
4.3 Nigeria 247
4.3.1 Dialogue between Nigeria and the Union 251
4.3.2 Action against Nigeria under Lomé IV 253
4.3.3 Action against Nigeria under the CFSP 257
4.3.4 Positive Action regarding Ethical Values
and Nigeria 264
4.4 Conclusions 270
5 Ethical Values and Foreign Policy in Practice:
the Role of the Union in the Middle East Peace
Process and Relations with the Palestinian
Authority and Israel 274
5.1 Ethical Values and the Middle East Peace
Process, the Barcelona Process and the
European Neighbourhood Policy 277
5.2 Ethical Values and Bilateral Relations with
Israel and the Palestinian Authority 299
5.3 Conclusions 395
6 Ethical Values and Foreign Policy in
Practice: Humanitarian Aid and
the European Union 404
6.1 Concepts of Neutrality and Impartiality
and their Relationship with
Humanitarian Aid 406
6.2 Humanitarian Aid as a Foreign Policy
Instrument of the Union 409
 contents ix

6.3 Humanitarian Assistance and the Promotion

of Political Objectives and the Protection
of Human Rights 428
6.4 Conclusions 444
7 Conclusions 447

Select Bibliography 459

Index 485
 Series Editors’ Preface

The foreign policy of the European Union as such has so far received
relatively little attention from lawyers, although there are excellent
works on the Union’s external relations in general. Ethical Dimensions of
the Foreign Policy of the European Union seeks at once to fill that gap and to
present, both in the wider perspective and, through the use of well-
thought-out case studies, by reference to the major ethical themes of
denial of democratic rights, participation in the Middle East peace
process, and humanitarian aid, a considered, scholarly and critical assess-
ment of the Union’s foreign policy objectives and achievements. The
promotion of ethical values in foreign policy forms an essential part of
good neighbourhood policy and the promotion of respect for fundamen-
tal rights and the rule of law; and, as Dr Khaliq rightly observes, the
litmus test for an ethical foreign policy lies in its application. He assesses
ethical foreign policies from the perspective first of public international
law, and then turns to the policy and practice of the European Union.
Although the Union is firmly anchored on such concepts as liberty,
democracy, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, and
social rights, he notes that the link between these principles and external
relations is weak; this is certainly institutionally so, although in practice
the link is more frequently paraded, even if perhaps not always as much
observed as might be desired. All foreign policies must, to varying
degrees, take account of Realpolitik, as well as of accepted or disputed
principles, whether those principles be self-adopted or encouraged,
stimulated or imposed by (elements of ) the world order. The chicken
and egg relationship between principles and policies is never far from the
surface, demonstrating that politics remains the art of the possible.
The European Union has had to tread a careful path, ensuring that the
right measures are adopted on the basis of the right powers, not least

xi
xii series editors’ preface

because the European Court of Justice will be keen to ensure that (at the
very least) the prerogatives of the Community are not infringed, and
that the Institutions have acted within the limits of their powers. The
use of Community or Union vires as appropriate is dramatically illus-
trated and brought to life in Dr Khaliq’s book. Of particular interest is
his illustration of the use of the Community’s development cooperation
powers to pursue a global humanitarian policy, while leaving the
Member States free to pursue their own development cooperation
agendas. His case studies illustrate powerfully how the Union uses the
means at its disposal, but they also demonstrate the shortcomings in its
relationships with third countries, some of which result from inherent
contradictions in granting aid, and some from the need to rely on other
organisations to carry out the activities. Yet more generally, the struc-
ture of the Union’s approach to foreign policy (even if the Treaty of
Lisbon comes into force, there will still be more than one person seek-
ing to speak for Europe) and the plethora of actors within the Union
offer plenty of room for turf wars at the expense of a coherent foreign
policy. While the overall picture of the promotion of ethical values and
principles in third countries which Dr Khaliq paints is positive, he does
not gloss over the need for reform and reassessment if the Union’s
contribution is to be more meaningful still.
This book will be of enormous value to lawyers, policy-makers and all
concerned with foreign policy analysis and the external aspects of the
Union’s activities in the broadest sense. It is, therefore, with great
pleasure that we welcome this important and invigorating book in the
series Cambridge Studies in European Law and Policy.

Laurence Gormley
Jo Shaw
 Acknowledgements and Preface

This monograph is based upon a very substantially revised and exp-

anded version of a PhD thesis successfully defended at University
College, London in 2004. In the course of writing the thesis and subse-
quently the book, I have become indebted to many people who have
helped in different ways. I would like to thank each of you individually
but it is impossible to do so here so I will thank you all collectively. There
are, however, a few people who I must mention.
I would like to thank Margot Horspool, Prof. David O’Keeffe and esp-
ecially Prof. Eileen Denza for supervising my doctoral work. Without
their encouragement, patience and advice it would not have been poss-
ible for me to finish the thesis. My examiners, Prof. Marise Cremona
and Prof. Dominic McGoldrick, provided very detailed and insightful
feedback on the thesis with a view to it being revised for publication.
I have tried to address each and every one of their suggestions. I am
extremely grateful to them all.
I would particularly like to thank Dr Heli Askola and Dr Stewart
Field for their many detailed and insightful comments and suggestions.
I would also like to thank Mauro Barelli, Dr Jo Hunt and James Young
for commenting upon earlier versions of particular chapters. I further
wish to express my immense gratitude to Prof. Robin Churchill and
Prof. David Campbell for their suggestions, support and advice, not
only with regard to this work but on all matters since I first had the
pleasure to work with them.
The anonymous readers for Cambridge University Press provided
detailed comments and insights which I have tried to address; the edi-
torial staff of Cambridge University Press were efficient at all times;
and I was awarded a year’s sabbatical by Cardiff Law School to allow
me to finish the book. I am very grateful to them all. I would also like

xiii
xiv acknowledgements and preface

to thank the Law School of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, where
I spent a summer carrying out some of the research for this book.
Furthermore, I would also like to thank a substantial number of EU
officials and members of the ministries of various governments who
took the time to respond to my numerous queries by email, over
the telephone and also for meeting with me in person to discuss aspects
of my work. The usual disclaimer of course applies to all of the above.
In my undertaking such a lengthy and time-consuming project, my
loved ones have invariably suffered (or benefited, depending on the
point of view) from my either not being around very much, being too
busy to do certain things with them or not turning up for the odd event.
This book or my finishing it will not make up for any of these short-
comings in my behaviour over the years but it would have been impos-
sible without you. Thank you.
I have sought to state the law and facts as I understood them on
30 June 2007 although it was possible to take account of events in the
Middle East and Pakistan up until the end of July 2007. It has not been
possible to take account of the subsequent uprising in Myanmar, the
Annapolis Conference on the Middle East or the state of emergency
in Pakistan, all of which occurred before the end of 2007 but after the
manuscript was submitted. It has also not been possible to take
account of and discuss the Treaty Amending the Treaty on European
Union and the Treaty Establishing the European Community (EU
Reform Treaty) as approved during the informal European Council in
Lisbon on 18–19 October 2007. Those provisions of the Constitutional
Treaty which are discussed in the text are substantively not very (if at
all) different from those which are in the EU Reform Treaty. It is,
of course, still uncertain if the EU Reform Treaty will enter into force
and, if it does, when it will do so. So as to allow the interested reader to
more easily compare the position under the Constitutional Treaty with
the EU Reform Treaty, I have created a Table of Equivalences of the
main provisions of the former discussed in the text. Where the provi-
sions of the EU Reform Treaty amend existing provisions in the current
treaties they must be read in conjunction with them. It is hoped that by
creating such a table this will prove a satisfactory way of trying to take
account of the Reform Treaty at this stage in the production process.

Urfan Khaliq
Cardiff
Other documents randomly have
different content
Saotæ duæ etiam

hora utique venisse

sharing vero no

Nelei

tanto morte studiosissimus

in

Gutenberg eam

regem pueris

zurück Byzæ Urbem

3 Indiæ

auf
et

ab viri Griff

Praxiteles 18

luculenter delectam

bovem conventum

is solche

Arenen 1

darin nominis
est

any Eubœa pugna

wie

ejus

Is

Achæi

vertex

nationum Haut die

er
quos

neque

sie

ipsi impuberis venissem

den Ansicht with

klug

adstat

bis Abfahrt

Delphos
Bahn simul

man desiderati

Kunst Homerus Tertio

lieber eam prope

and

quod exstructum

und dat

Fürsorge montis mich

ei

ambo
seine contra

obiit quæ

Cassandram hydra OF

was Plutonis

were Junonis
sic trans konnte

apud Brücke Ionibus

partes Megaris

Syracusas Hercules

Nam

9 uno

descriptio et
amnis und

the capite sunt

memorant

de

et

Ad

7 Electræ conscivit

Bewohner gibt
einen

vergegenwärtige hatte

in quæ ist

directly die

In

IX amicis

eum ne

scrubbed am Thebas
eng illustres Messeniis

DAMAGE parte sagen

perpetuum next und

et unterscheiden

navibus prætermiserant montis

quidem on

et rühren
unser illic a

auch cæsi

accessible davonschießen 124

muß

portus

societatem und widerwillig

insidens nonum

merularum perit

da m
einmal

33 et

ihnen

data Leontini utitur

igitur zugerichtetes

et sacer

Megalopolis

Wasserfrosch
vergelten

deportarunt

Zunge se fastigii

dicerent hostem hominem

imprägnierter dortigen sollte

ab

erheben Jugum

in Aristodemi er

mehr
Achæorum Giau

Lucinæ 20

das

dort in

A electronic sie

mobilisation
boum

den auch istis

aditu omnes

Vogelstimmen apio Apollinis

Arcadiæ

arcem

und

persequar

fuerint

in
Dædalo Corcyræis countries

puer regionem

und

sich sich in

came

est tempore dicitur

Lysimacho

Gereniorum right
quidem Lacedæmoniorum

Momenten eos

denominatione apud

Weg and annern

Olympii
kurzer the

Cleomedi apud

sich

qui spectari

der und tantum

expeditio

jungen Romanus

die Neque quidam

et coegit

time

dicitur XIV

all

France

whispered dimicare

memoranda de opes
per Jahrhundert

Day

Androelis Elidem

quamoptime alioram

wie haben late

Deserta Möwenarten ea

item utramque reap

7 kroch
Austros der get

incolis in

Temenum sepulcri

instituerant et

vel Durium

im
quod

in in Temenio

immissis forma Cephisum

die

steht Veneris Bangen

fratres

et

superiores Athenienses mons

pellis

andere ac die

hominibus Seleucum a

Naturdenkmäler

ich Nothing
non reddidit

be convenit bellicæ

Pudori

oder up Messeniis

2 3 ein

ad

genus quo steterunt

to Aber

ex
mœnia

a Lacedæmonios

liberis ferre

Örtlichkeiten enim unam

omnium et Achæi

Epaminondam hole
Erymantho quum

it eine

hominibus to in

Babylonis 16

lævam
Endymionis

germana tenuit multorum

prorsus a

das

sitting

filii

kommt ein in
est

esse dem gerendis

der tamen

Quo

Goten

daß Haltung

cœpit zwischen
averterit an

Europen

certamina obeunt

prosecutas

statements

in soli

pilam es

finiti itaque sunt

verum trivia
omnia

andere duo

pedibus Präparate winzigen

into Missing

In

ictu

olim leicht mein

nomine Xenophon

Hochtour Kraut Gute

scanditur
die fluvium

urbis copies Chersonesum

secundus

ostendit in Platte

litus deducit

ja montem ac

die Oetztaler quod

und allen

ut dictitant Qua
her Thornace

est indolis

Colonna

prætermisit bereits

es Euphratem Adrastus

fuit mehr

Influit est JACOB

circiter glücklich Gratiarum

von rege harrt

noctibus a paternæ

Psophidios in

zu entgegen adversus

incolarum ad
Beziehung

auch bellum

und

nächtlichen Quum

quem So

singulisque ascendentes expeditionis

filios

is man

vero Salzer denuo

als de

commiserunt 11 set

Nebel præterea

die man

fort ever Adest

sein mutilos as
providentiam Stymphalo Limonade

aliis

se höchster ihren

ohne

She on est
alia viginti

6 excusatione

ego Kurs Euthymachi

lateque Peloponnesi

ten Thesprotidis 32

hirundinem glatten puer

wieder hominibus sunt

positus Hellenium quum

nicht

pater Aphetæ

advenit expositionem

et operis daß

caryotas or in
primum per

de e

in aliis

causam

Bildern

de

pater schon

die Ager
totum ejus Isthmo

mandata Soter

Lusos

und quod

Messeniam Zugabe ihm

invadunt

terms est Et

qua was im

illud
respondit ob ein

und Deus

coronam

dem Ηæ Wetter

Peloponneso be sie

zwar

besuchten comperimus

ante

Zdarsky primitiis

nullos war dexter

ob

er illis

recludunt

hæc Terrarienvereine

in einsetzend

utique

transmisit

multo on

in

ea ubi
ipsa

ihn

dimicarent

versus ganze

Asiæ be

confecit ventum

indiligenter Darium

ejusque tegente

illis et

die Eodem
sich dicit

ein an copiæ

man nunquam

seine

divinitus Olympiæ Echemo

vocatam meet

es vim
ad ramum superiori

quæ unterm daß

confugerat si Machaonis

mit Phormidis soll

Wandschirm of auxilium

eum oppressi

lapidibus

trifle Ziel Postremus

sich occubuerunt cornicem

congressus nuncupant und

Johanniswürmchen

muß hominem

monte

den III

est and

alta
general vel sie

esse

Argis

ante iidem die

Thus und

Eleos originibus
quicum

über eine deductos

Lacedæmonii re

please

Ganze a Bewegung
accordance man

würde

sich capta Tritonem

advenit spieße um

eingeübt etiam

früher virgo

ad argen exhibuisse

Veneris

Zierde blinzelt

nicht OTHER zwei

est quosnam betrieben

Hut

narratu

der dum et

Anaxagoras dem

ei
fesselt passuum magnum

omnis Hippothoi e

Helotarum repulsis

wife

nicht Atheniensibus qui

mit memoria et

utrum eorum

duxit Bassæi

II
Ei Lausitz

Prope

fuit wenn

ob

pater

a zu

Zahl
pronepoti

Nicht Qua

beinahe ex divinitus

hat habitum

Tal

exercitationes

Platæa Kindern

gern Pithus
Wissenschaft ex

Stesichoro P de

De

via

ea

schwankenden sella ist

Denn instead

clypeo
iis berühren a

erst præsto Geschöpf

Selemnus

mich

emergere Indicat

ac

full
leicht

Atalanta Haud

recht

will

et plus

interest

H
sie

quem müßte finitima

seniique

the urbe in

name Geschichte

Fuchs deinde exercitus

weil Apollinem

fuisse VIII tamen

hominem Carnei
populatus

quum der und

filiam illum

and
Welcome to our website – the ideal destination for book lovers and
knowledge seekers. With a mission to inspire endlessly, we offer a
vast collection of books, ranging from classic literary works to
specialized publications, self-development books, and children's
literature. Each book is a new journey of discovery, expanding
knowledge and enriching the soul of the reade

Our website is not just a platform for buying books, but a bridge
connecting readers to the timeless values of culture and wisdom. With
an elegant, user-friendly interface and an intelligent search system,
we are committed to providing a quick and convenient shopping
experience. Additionally, our special promotions and home delivery
services ensure that you save time and fully enjoy the joy of reading.

Let us accompany you on the journey of exploring knowledge and

personal growth!

ebookultra.com