Dr.

May El Tookhi Mobile: 01066203093

Year four -British Curriculum

Dr. May El Tookhi

PHD in Archaeology and Language

E.Mail: [email protected]

Mobile= 01066203093

Name: Date:

Chemistry: Unit 4- 5

2. Phases of Matter:

a) What is matter?
_____________________________________________________________
b) Name the three phases (states) of matter?
_____________________________________________________________
c) Identify and describe the particle in each phase of matter and how
they are different in each phase of matter.
_____________________________________________________________
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3. Name the three states of matter and draw a particle diagram for each
Solid Liquid Gas

4. Complete the diagram below

( melting- boiling- evaporation- freezing- condensation)

5. Tick or Cross to show which states have which properties

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6. The diagram below shows a bottle of fizzy drink. Label the state of a-
d:

The diagram below shows a bottle of

fizzy drink. Label the state of a-d.
a)..........................................
b)..........................................
c)..........................................
d)..........................................

7. Wet clothes are put on a washing line to dry. The water in the clothes
turns into
water vapour in the air as the clothes dry.
a) Name the change as water turns into water vapour
.................................
b) Rain forms from water vapour in the air. Name this change
......................
c) The clothes dry much faster on a sunny day, explain why in terms of
particles.
.....................................................................................................
......................................................................................................
8. Some substances can change directly from a solid to a gas, research
the name of this process. Can you find an example of a substance that
behaves like this?
.....................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................
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9. Match: (A. volume B. mass C. matter D. states of matter E. properties

of matter)

1. __________ solids, liquids, and gases

2. __________ the amount of space an object takes up

3. __________ anything that takes up space and has mass

4. __________ something that can be observed about an object, such as

the color, size, shape, or sound

5. __________ the measure of how much material an object contains.

10. Complete: word box:(feel- feel- form –gas- heavy- liquid- see -shape)

A ___________ has no shape and sometimes we can’t _________ it or

__________ it.

2. A solid is _________, has __________, and we can see it and

_____________ it.

3. A ___________ has not shape, but it takes the _________ of the

container it is in.

4. How many forms does matter have? __________

5. Name the 3 states of matter. _____________________

_____________________ _____________________

6. Is jello a liquid or a solid, or combination of both? _______________

Why?
____________________________________________________________

11.Match the definitions to the correct term.

Liquid turns into a gas Freezing

Liquid turns into a solid Melting
Gas turns into a liquid Evaporation
Solid turns into a liquid Condensation
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12. Choose:

 A solid is a state of matter that has a(n)

a. indefinite volume and an indefinite shape.

b. definite volume and a definite shape.

c. definite volume and an indefinite shape.

d. indefinite volume and a definite shape.

 In which state of matter are particles packed tightly together in fixed

positions?

a. gas

b. solid

c. liquid

d. compound

 What is vaporization?

a. a gas becoming a liquid

b. a liquid becoming a solid

c. a gas becoming a solid

d. a liquid becoming a gas

 The particles of matter making up a are packed together tightly.

a. piece
b. liquid
c. gas
d. solid
 Which of the following is a liquid?
a. ice
b. milk
c. snow
d. uncooked oatmeal
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 Which of the following BEST describes a liquid?

a. Particles slide past each other.
b. Particles stay near their neighbors.
c. Particles are arranged in a pattern.
d. Particles bounce away from each other.
 Three states of matter are .
a. solid, liquid, and gas
b. buoyancy, mass, shape
c. gas, liquid, and mixture
d. density, weight, and gas
 Which state of matter is easily compressed and easily changes shape to fill
its container?
a. solid
b. liquid
c. gas
d. plasma
 To change from a solid into a liquid is to .
a. fluid
b. solidify
c. melt
d. freeze
 Water is in a state in the form of ice.
a. solid
b. liquid
c. gas
 A has a definite shape.
a. solid
b. sugar-water solution
c. gas
d. liquid
 A gas has no definite shape or volume.
a. True
b. False
 Which is a gas?
a. vinegar
b. water vapor
c. oil
d. brick
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 When water is heated and it is rising into the air as water vapor, this is
called .
a. condensation
b. evaporation
c. precipitation
 is the process of liquid water turning into water vapor.
a. Storage
b. Precipitation
c. Evaporation
d. Condensation
 At what temperature Celsius does water boil?
a. 0 degrees
b. 32 degrees
c. 100 degrees
d. 212 degrees
 The volume of a depends on the size of its container.
a. liquid
b. solid
c. gas
d. solution
 The amount of space an object takes up is called ___________.
Mass b. volume c. matter d. property
 Rocks are the ________ form of the states of matter.
Liquid b. gases c. solid d. both a and b
 When describing the color, size, shape, or smell of an object, you are
describing the
a. properties of matter\
b. states of matter
c. volume of matter
d. mass of matter
 Mass is __________.
a. the measure of how much material an object is made of
b. anything that takes up space and has mass
c. the color or shape of an object
d. both b and c
 Which of the following is an example of physical change?
a. Mixing baking soda and vinegar together, and this causes bubbles and
foam.
b. A glass cup falls from the counter and shatters on the ground.
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c. Lighting a piece of paper on fire and the paper burns up and leaves
ashes.
d. Baking a birthday cake for your mother.
 Which of the following is an example of chemical change?
a. Filling up a balloon with hot air.
b. Taking a glass of water and freezing it by placing it in the freezer.
c. A plant collecting sunlight and turning it into food.
d. Your dog ripping up your homework.
 Which change can be easily be reversed?
a. Chemical Change
b. Physical Change
c. Both a physical and chemical change
d. Neither a physical or chemical change
 When a new substance is formed with different properties than the original
substance it is called a
c. Chemical change b. Physical change c. Freezing d. boiling
 If the chemical properties of a substance remain unchanged and the
appearance or shape of an substance changes it is called a
a. Chemical change
b. Physical change
c. Both a physical and chemical change
d. Neither a physical or chemical change

13. Complete: (freezing- point -chemical -physical -condensation –

evaporation-water vapor –atom):

1. Water in its gas form is called ______________________.

2. 0 degrees Celsius is the______ of water.
3. ______________________ changes change the way matter looks.
4. What happens to wood when you burn it is an example of a ______
5. A small particle that makes up matter is called an _________.
6. __________________________ happens in matter when it changes
from a liquid to a gas.
7. __________________________ is when matter changes from a gas to a
liquid.
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14. Answer the following Questions:

 Gina blows a balloon up and then places it in the freezer for 15 minutes.
State whether the balloon’s volume will be larger or smaller after it has
been in the freezer. Explain your answer


 After going for a long ride on his bike Ben notices that the tyres on his bike
feel harder and warmer. This means that the pressure of the air in the
tyres is higher than before his ride. Explain, in terms of the behaviour of
the air particles in the tyres, why the tyre pressure is higher after his ride.

 When a bottle of perfume is opened, it can be smelt a few metres away in a

short time. Describe the behaviour of the perfume particles to explain why
the perfume can be smelt a few metres away.

 A glass of liquid water is put into the fridge to cool it. a. What is happening
to the water particles as the temperature of the water decreases?

 When a candle is burning, the heat from the flame will melt the wax at the
top of the candle until it runs down the side of the candle. Describe how the
wax particles behave as they are heated from the solid phase and
eventually melt to become liquid and run down the side of the candle. You
may use diagrams to assist you if you wish.
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16. Jane puts some green powder into water. Bubbles appear in the
water and the powder disappears. The water turns green. Jane says that
this is an irreversible change.

i) Which observation shows Jane that this change is irreversible?

……………………………………………………………………………….
…..…………………………………………………………………

ii) Explain, why?................................................................................

iii) Write one reversible change that is caused by heating?................

iv) Explain why?..............................................................................

17. What Are Reversible and Irreversible Changes?

a. Freezing water to make ice____________________
c. Baking a cake____________________
e. Adding salt to water____________________
b. Boiling an egg____________________
d. Breaking glass____________________
f. Making a salad____________________
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18. What Happens When Solids Are Mixed With Water?

1. Rita is making herself a cup of coffee. She adds in

sugar to her coffee.
a. Rita finds that the sugar is not dissolving well. What
can she do to make it dissolve better?

b. What will happen if Rita continues adding more

coffee powder to her drink? Why?

c. What will happen if Rita uses cold water to make the

coffee?

19.For each statement below, write ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if
the statement is false:

a. Solids that can dissolve in a liquid are said to be soluble in that liquid.
b. When a solid dissolves in a liquid, the resulting mixture
is known as a solution.
c .When a solid is added to a liquid and the liquid changes
colour, it means that the solid is soluble.
d. It is impossible to change the rate at which a solid dissolves in a
liquid.
e .Heating a solution can help the solid dissolve faster
f .When no more solid can dissolve in a liquid, the liquid is not
saturated.
g. Solids that do not dissolve in a liquid are said to be insoluble in that
liquid.
Dr. May El Tookhi Mobile: 01066203093

20. Study the picture below and answer the questions that follow.

 What is the name of the process taking place in the above picture?

 How does filtration help in separating a mixture?

21. Fill in the blanks below using the helping words provided in the box.
Each word can be used only once.

( filtration- permanent- reversible- soluble-substance-temporary):

a. When a sliced apple turns brown, a new _____________ has formed.
b. Burning plastic is a_____________ change.
c. We can separate insoluble solids from liquids by_____________ .
d. A_____________ change takes place when a material that has
undergone a change can return to its original form.
e. When a solid is able to dissolve in water, we say that it
is_____________in water.
f. A change is _____________when no new substances are formed.

22. Fill in the gaps using the following words :

(useful, irreversible, not, egg, burning, acid, materials).

When calcium carbonate reacts with __________, frying an _________,

and _________ are all examples of ______________ changes. This is
because new ______________ are made and it is _____ possible to get
back the substances that you started with. Sometimes the new materials
are _________ to us, for example, a cooked egg can be eaten!
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23. Identify the following as a chemical (C) or physical property (P): _

1. blue color 3. 5. reacts 7. sour taste 9. reacts

______ flammability with acid ______ with water
(burns) ______ ______
______

2. density 4. solubility 6.luster 8. melting 10. hardness

______ (dissolves) ______ point ______ ______
______
24. Identify the following as physical (P) or chemical (C) changes:

1. NaCl (Table 4. Baking soda 7. Ice melts. 10. Pancakes cook.

Salt) dissolves in reacts to vinger. ______ _____
water. ______
2. Ag (Silver) 5. Fe (Iron) 8. Milk sours. 11. Food is digested.
tarnishes_____ rusts. ______ _____. _____
3. An apple is 6. Alcohol 9. Sugar 12. Paper towel
cut. ______ evaporates . dissolves in absorbs water.
______ water. _____
Can you recognize the chemical and physical changes that happen all
around us? If you change the way something looks, but haven’t made a
new substance, a physical change (P) has occurred. If the substance has
been changes into another substance, a chemical change (C) has
occurred.

1. An ice cube is placed in the sun. Later there is a puddle of water.

Later still the puddle is gone.

2. Two chemical are mixed together and a gas is produce.

3. A bicycle changes color as it rusts.

4. A solid is crushed to a powder.

5. Two substances are mixed and light is produced.

6. A piece of ice melts and reacts with sodium.

7. Mixing salt and pepper.

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8. Chocolate syrup is dissolved in milk.

9. A marshmallow is toasted over a campfire.

10. A marshmallow is cut in half.

Reading:

Matter is made up of tiny particles. These particles are called

atoms. Atoms are the smallest unit of matter. You can’t see atoms
because they are so tiny. Two or more atoms can join together to make
larger particles of matter. These larger particles can join other particles
to make up the matter you can see. Atoms join together to make up
different kinds of matter. Oxygen is made up of just one kind of atom.
Water has two atoms that join together to make water.

1. What is an atom?

2. Why can’t you see an atom?

3. How many kinds of atoms does water have?

4. How many kinds of atoms does oxygen have?

Matter changes. When you play with clay and change its shape, it
is still clay. This is called a physical change. Changes in the size and
shape of an object are physical changes. If you take a cup of water and
place it in the freezer, the water changes from a liquid to a solid when
its temperature reaches 0 degrees Celsius. Water in its solid form is ice.
Ice can change from a solid to a liquid when it is heated. Heat speeds up
the moving particles in ice and the particles move farther apart. Water
that is left in a container in the sun will disappear after time. This is
called evaporation. Evaporation is when a liquid changes into to a gas.
Water in its gas form is called water vapor. Water will quickly change
to a gas when the water is heated to 100 degrees Celsius. Cooling air
causes water vapor to change to a liquid. This is called condensation. If
you take a glass of water and add ice to it, small drops of water will
form on the outside of the glass. This is condensation.
Dr. May El Tookhi Mobile: 01066203093

1. What are physical changes in matter? ________________________.

2. Water will freeze at ______________________________.

3. What does heat do to the particles in ice?

________________________________.

4. What is evaporation? ______________________________

5. What is water vapor?

____________________________________________________________

6. What happens to water when it is heated to 100 degrees Celsius?

_________________________

A chemical change is a change that causes matter to become a new

kind of matter. When a fire is built in a fireplace, you use logs and start
a fire. The wood burns and turns into ashes and smoke. The wood
becomes a different kind of matter when it is burned. This is a chemical
change. Another example of a chemical change is silver. When a silver
fork or spoon turns black, it is because a gas in the air has caused the
silver to change color. The part of the silver that has changed color is
tarnished.

1. What is a chemical change?

_____________________________________________________________

2. Give two examples of a chemical change.

Changing matter: When you mix substances together, they may

change to form a new substance. Sometimes the change is reversible,
while at other times it is irreversible. For example, when vinegar is
mixed with baking soda, the two fizz and a new substance is formed.
This change is irreversible. A change is more likely to be irreversible if
there is a reaction such as a fizz, color change, or a change in
temperature.

Try mixing the following substances together,

and decide whether the change is reversible or irreversible?
Dr. May El Tookhi Mobile: 01066203093

1. Dissolving sugar in water___________________

2. Shaking together vinegar and oil___________________
3. Mixing sand and sugar___________________
4. Adding lemon juice to red cabbage juice
(the color changes from bluish-purple to red) ___________________

Good luck