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A Day in a Medieval City 1st Edition Chiara Frugoni
Digital Instant Download
Author(s): Chiara Frugoni
ISBN(s): 9780226266343, 0226266346
Edition: 1st
File Details: PDF, 18.40 MB
Year: 2006
Language: english
A DAY IN

#jC*

x
-=
SIS

\ "•'

Sti

CHIARA i i

With an introduction by ARSENIO FRUGONI Transhttedby WILLI AM McC


An opportunity to experience the daily hustle and

bustle of life in the late Middle Ages. A Day in a Medi

evalCity provides a captivating dawn-to-dark account


of medieval life. A visual trek through the thirteenth
and fourteenth centuries with seasoned medieval

historian Chiara Frugoni as guide this book offers

a vast array of images and vignettes that depict the


ryday hardships and commonplace pleasures of

people living in the Middle Ages.

A Day in a Medieval City breathes life i nto the acti\ i

ties of city streets, homes, fields, schools, and places


of worship. With entertaining anecdotes and gritty
details, it engages the modern reader with its dis-

coveries of the religious, economic, and institutional

practices of the day. From urban planning and edu-


cation to child care, live and the more
pursuits of games, food, books, and superstitions]

Frugoni unearths the daily routines of both private


and public life. Beginning in the countryside and
moving to the city and inside private homes, stun
ning color images throughout offer a visual ramble
through medieval Florence. Venice, and Rome. A Day,

in a Medieval City is a charming portal to the Middle


Ages that you'll surely want with you on your travels

to Europe or in your armchair.


A Day in a Medieval City
By CHIARA FRUGONI
with an introduction by ARSEN IO FRUGON
Translated by William McCuaig

A DAY IN
J7f y/fedieval City

The University of Chicago Press Chicago v? Lond<on


Chiara FRUGONI is emerita professor of medieval history at the University of Rome II. Her
books include Francesco e I'invenzione delle stimmate (Turin, 1993), which won the Viareggio Prize
for Nonfiction, 1994; Vita di un uomo: Francesco d'Assisi (Turin. 1995); and the Dizionario del Medioevo,

coedited with A. Barbero (Rome: Laterza, 1994).

Arsenio FRUGONI (1914-1970) was professor of medieval history at the University of Rome.

William McCuaig is a translator living in Toronto.

The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637


The University of Chicago Press, Ltd., London
© 2005 by The University of Chicago

All rights reserved. Published 2005


Printed in the United States of America

14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 12345
ISBN: 0-226-26634-6 (cloth)

© 1997 by Givs. Laterza & Figli Spa, Roma-Bari. English-language edition arranged through the
mediation of Eulama Literary Agency.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in- Publication Data

Frugoni, Chiara, 1940-


[Storia di un giorno in una citta medievale. English]

A day in a medieval city I by Chiara Frugoni; with an introduction by Arsenio Frugoni;


translated by William McCuaig.

p. cm
Authorship of original Italian edition attributed to Arsenio and Chiara Frugoni: English
translation clarifies Arsenio Frugoni's lesser contribution to the current work, which Chiara
Frugoni expanded considerably.
Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 0-226-26634-6 (cloth: alk. paper)

1. Cities and towns. Medieval. 2. City and town life— Europe-- History. I. Frugoni, Arsenio.

II. Title. D134.F7913 2005.


940.1— dc22
2004025903

® The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National
Standard for Information Sciences — Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials,

ANSI Z39. 48-1992.


To my father, now that the span of my years has surpassed

that allotted to him

Un fanciullo correva dietro un treno.

La vita — mi gridava — e senza freno


Salutavo, ridendo, con la mano
e calmo trasaJivo, indi lontano.

Sandro Penna
Contents

IX Autnor s NOW
xi Translator's Note
1 Introduction by Arsenio Frugoni (1914-1970)

15 CHAPTER I The Time of Labor, the Time of Memory


21 CHAPTER 2 The Road That Leads to the City

45 CHAPTER 3 Inside the City

117 CHAPTER 4 The Lives of Children

137 CHAPTER 5 Childhood Learning

147 CHAPTER 6 Adult Reading

155 CHAPTER 7 Indoors

U9 Abbreviations

181 Notes

203 Bibliography

205 Index

Vll
Author's Note

My father, Arsenio Frugoni, died in 1970 (together with my brother


Giovanni) in an automobile accident. He was fifty-six years old.

Among his publications was an article marked by his own particular

lucid and lively style, recounting the "story of a day in a medieval city"
("Storia di un giorno in una citta medievale," Humanitas 8 [1953]:

685-693). It appeared without notes, and was in any case too brief to
be republished separately. In a work on the history of the city in Italy

(Storia delta citta in Italia [Rome: R. A. I., 1956], pp. 43-51), my father

returned to this topic, adding a few further, and very charming, pages
to what he had already written in his article.

It was my idea to fuse these two pieces into a single composition,

add notes to it, and make it the introduction to this book, which I have
dedicated to him. The seven chapters I have written all amplify and
expand upon my father's short text.

Chiara Frugoni

IX
.
Translator's Note

The translation was made in close collaboration with the author, but I

take final responsibility for the English text. In reviewing the Italian

original published by Laterza in 1997, she and I have naturally made


some corrections and modifications: I have slightly expanded the text
in a few places in order to make her point clearer to an English-lan-
guage readership, and she has updated the bibliographical references
and other information given in several footnotes. The title used in
English, A Day in a Medieval City, is not a literal translation of the origi-

nal title, Storia di ungiorno in una citta medievale, but readers will find that

this book does indeed present the "story" of a day and also a "history"

of daily life in a medieval city, or, as she calls it at one point, a ramble

through the streets and into the houses and lives of the people of the
Middle Ages.
In naming the saints of the Roman Catholic Church I sought no
consistency, so some are named in English and others in Italian or

Latin, according to whatever seemed most appropriate and familiar in

each case. The author normally cites modern scholarly works origi-

nally published in English, French, and other languages in their Italian

translations if they have been translated into Italian, but I have tried
to supply references to the original editions and to English translations

of modern works from any language where I could discover that one
existed.

For biblical passages, my translation is taken from The Jerusalem Bible:

Reader's Edition (New York: Doubleday 1971). But where necessary the
English translation is modified to make it conform to the only text of

XI
xii Translator's Note

the Bible known to the Middle Ages, and therefore the only one the author cites,

the Latin Vulgate. The Vulgate varies from other traditions in the numbering of the
poems in the Book of Psalms, so I give references to both systems of numbering.

All translations from medieval sources are my own unless a published translation
is explicitly identified in the notes. The book most frequently quoted is Giovanni
Boccaccio's collection of novellas or tales, the Decameron, a masterpiece of European

literature written in the middle of the fourteenth century and cited by the author
from the 1993 edition of the critical text first established by Vittore Branca in 1975.
I have used, and sometimes adapted, the 1982 English translation of Mark Musa
and Peter Bondanella, which is based on the Branca text.

I am grateful to the anonymous reader for the Press who gave an earlier draft of
this translation a rigorous critique, and to Maia M. Pvigas, the equally rigorous man-
uscript editor. When I read the proofs in November 2004, I was a fellow at the

Italian Academy for Advanced Studies in America at Columbia University, where I

had the advantage of being able to discuss points of difficulty with the other fellows.

My thanks go to all of them, and to the director of the Academy, David Freedberg.
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Chapter 1: Ethical considerations and implications


Learning Objective 1: Best practices and recommendations
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Learning Objective 2: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Learning Objective 3: Study tips and learning strategies
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Learning Objective 4: Experimental procedures and results
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Learning Objective 5: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 5: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 6: Research findings and conclusions
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 8: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Important: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Abstract 2: Research findings and conclusions
Practice Problem 10: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 11: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Note: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 13: Case studies and real-world applications
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Historical development and evolution
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Important: Literature review and discussion
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 16: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Key Concept: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 18: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Important: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Key terms and definitions
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Part 3: Statistical analysis and interpretation
Remember: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Study tips and learning strategies
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 22: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 23: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Key Concept: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Key Concept: Ethical considerations and implications
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Study tips and learning strategies
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Historical development and evolution
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 29: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Methodology 4: Critical analysis and evaluation
Practice Problem 30: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 31: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Example 31: Best practices and recommendations
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 32: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Important: Research findings and conclusions
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Key Concept: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Key Concept: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Example 37: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Literature review and discussion
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 39: Key terms and definitions
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Summary 5: Research findings and conclusions
Key Concept: Case studies and real-world applications
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 41: Best practices and recommendations
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Key Concept: Research findings and conclusions
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 44: Key terms and definitions
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Best practices and recommendations
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Note: Case studies and real-world applications
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Note: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
[Figure 48: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 49: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Exercise 6: Critical analysis and evaluation
Definition: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Practice Problem 51: Experimental procedures and results
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Important: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 53: Ethical considerations and implications
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Note: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 55: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Example 55: Literature review and discussion
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Example 56: Ethical considerations and implications
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Best practices and recommendations
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 58: Ethical considerations and implications
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 59: Practical applications and examples
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice 7: Theoretical framework and methodology
Key Concept: Historical development and evolution
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 61: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Practice Problem 61: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Example 62: Research findings and conclusions
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Research findings and conclusions
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 66: Key terms and definitions
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Example 67: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 68: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Note: Key terms and definitions
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 69: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Important: Study tips and learning strategies
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Summary 8: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
Example 70: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 71: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Example 71: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 72: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Example 72: Literature review and discussion
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Current trends and future directions
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 74: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Key Concept: Literature review and discussion
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Important: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Key Concept: Study tips and learning strategies
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 77: Study tips and learning strategies
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Ethical considerations and implications
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 79: Case studies and real-world applications
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 80: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Summary 9: Case studies and real-world applications
Practice Problem 80: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 81: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Research findings and conclusions
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Best practices and recommendations
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
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