Don Juan of Persia A Shi Ah Catholic 1560 1604 1st Edition de Persia Juan Digital Download
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DON JUAN OF PERSIA
A Shi'ah Catholic
1560-1604
DON JUAN
ROUTLEDGE
Routledge
Taylor & Francis Group
Reprinted in 2005 by
Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park
Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
270 Madison Avenue
NewYork, NY 10016
These reprints are taken from original copies of each book. In many cases
the condition of these originals is not perfect. The publisher has gone to
great lengths to ensure the quality of these reprints, but wishes to point
out that certain characteristics of the original copies will, of necessity, be
apparent in reprints thereof.
DON JUAN
OF PERSIA
A SHI'AH CATHOLIC
1560-1604
Translated and Edited with an
Introduction by G. Le Strange
Published by
GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LTD.
BROADWAY HOUSE, CARTER LANE, LONDON
First published in 1926
vii
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PAGES
Uruch Beg, otherwise Don Juan of Persia—The Sherley brothers
— The Persian embassy to the courts of Europe — The
ambassador and his secretaries—The Embassy sets out
from Isfahán, and reaches Moscow—They travel on to
Archangel—Thence by sea to the mouth of the Elbe—
Journey by land to Prague through Saxony—The Imperial
Court at Prague, journey on to Mantua, Florence and Rome—
Rome to Valladolid—The reception of the Embassy by
Philip III—The ambassador proceeds to Lisbon and returns by
sea, round the Cape of Good Hope to Persia—The conversion
of Don Juan, and two other Persians who remain in Spain—
The death of Don Juan—How his book was written—Book I
of the " Relaciones "—Description of Persia—The early
history of Persia—The history of Moslem times—The rise of
Uzun Hasan—Shi'ah and Sunni : the claims of the House
of 'Ali—The words Sufi, Safavi and Sophi—The reign of
Shah Isma'íl—Sultan Selím the Grim : his victory at Chal¬
dirán—Sultan Selím invades Syria and Egypt—Sultan
Sulaymán and Sháh Tahmásp—Ismá'íl II and the Princess
Parí-Khán-Khánum—The blind king Muhammad Khudá
Bandah—Sultan Murád III invades Georgia—The mutiny
ofthe Turkomán tribesmen—The Turks take Tabríz— Uruch
Beg (later Don Juan) present when his father is killed under
the walls of Tabríz—The murder of Prince Hamzah—Sháh
'Abbás becomes king—His treaty with the Turks—The
arrival of the Sherleys—The Embassy to the European powers
sets out—Description of the Valladolid 1604 edition of the
"Relaciones" . . . . 1-32
THE TRANSLATION
BOOK I
CHAPTER ONE
Don Juan gives thanks that he, together with two of his fellow
Persian secretaries, has become a Christian—The reason for
the composition of the following book—The works of Minadoi
and Botero—Thejourney from Persia to Spain, and its unique
character . . . . . 33–37
ix
CONTENTS
CHAPTER T W O
PAGES
Ancient Persia or Fárs, Shiráz—Luristan and Susiana—Persian
'Iráq—Isfahán the capital of Persia—The province of
Qazvin—The Ramadán, Gílán and Shírván provinces—
The Astarábád and Mázandarán provinces—Khurásán,
Qandahár and Sistán—The city and district of Ganjah—
Azerbayján and Tabríz city—Khoy and Salmás in Kur¬
distán—The Marághah and Khurramábád Districts—
Arabian 'Iráq . . . . 38-44
CHAPTER T H R E E
The mode of government in Persia—The thirty-two noble families
in Persia—Matters of war are directed by the Kháns—The
attendants of the King—The King's Palace, and the
Palace of the Queens . . . 45-48
CHAPTER FOUR
Plurality of wives and divorce—The dress of the nobles—The
turban or Cap with Twelve Points—No carriages, ships or
galleys—The Persian horses—The army : weapons and
armour—The Sháh when on campaign : his State Umbrella
—The Bodyguard of Georgian Renegades—Magic : the
Alcoran—Medicine and physicians—The tombs of the Sophi
Kings and Saints—Customs at funerals—Marriage customs
—The Gypsies, and public women in Persia . 49–57
CHAPTER FIVE
The early history of Babylonia and Assyria, from Nimrod to
Sardanapalus—The ancient glory of Persia and its rulers 58-62
CHAPTER SIX
The history of Sardanapalus, and hisfall—The rebellion of Arbaces
and Belesys—Arbaces King of Persia . . 63-65
CHAPTER SEVEN
Cyrus the Great—Kings from Darius to Alexander the Great—
The Roman Empire—Two of the three Magi, Persian Kings
—Cœsar and Christ Jesus—Satraps in Persia till Sassanian
times . . . . . 66-69
x
CONTENTS
CHAPTER E I G H T
PAGES
Saint Jude and Saint Simon preach the Gospel in Persia—The
Christian martyrs—The story of Babek and Sasan—Ardashir
Babegán, the first Sassanian—Sapor I and the Emperor Vale-
rian—Sapor II, born a King—The bishop Saint James and
the siege of Nisibis— γazdagird, and the Emperor Arcadius 70-77
CHAPTER NINE
Chosroes Anushirván, and the Emperor Justinian—Defeat of
Chosroes and loss of the Sacred Brazier—Varahrán or
Bahrám Chúbín—Chosroes Parvíz defeats Bahrám Chúbín
—Maurice succeeded by Phocas, and then by Heraclius 78-82
CHAPTER T E N
War between Chosroes Parvíz and Heraclíus—The Persians
invade Palestine and carry off the True Cross —Victory of
Heraclius over the Persians—The return of the True Cross
to Jerusalem—The death of Chosroes—Siroes the parricide—
Shahr-Bárz and the last Chosroes—The Caliph Omar invades
Persia—His death at Jerusalem—Othman becomes Caliph 83-86
CHAPTER ELEVEN
The destruction of the Colossus of Rhodes—'Ali and Mu'áwiyah—
The Coran—The Caliph γazíd—The death of Husayn—
'Abd-al-Malik, Caliph, and Walíd, in whose time Spain
was conquered—Later Omayyad Caliphs—The rise of the
Abbasids—The Caliph Mansúr—The Caliphs Mahdi and
Hárún-ar-Rashíd—The latter's two sons Amín and Mámún
—The foundation of Baghdad . . . 87-92
CHAPTER T W E L V E
The later Abbasid Caliphs : the rise of the Turks—Basasiri and
Tughril Beg—The later Turkish or Tartar overlords—The
seven Turkish Amirs in Asia Minor—The rise of the
Ottoman power—Othman establishes himself at Brusa—
Bayazid and Tamerlane—The Embassy of Clavijo 93-96
CHAPTER T H I R T E E N
Sultan Muhammad the Conqueror and Uzun Hasan—Josaphat
Barbaro—His Book of Travels—The battle of Terján—Death
of Sultan Muhammad the Conqueror and of Uzun Hasan 97-100
xi
CONTENTS
BOOK II
CHAPTER ONE
PAGES
Sultan Bayazid II—The year 1500, birth of the Emperor
Charles V—Birth of Sháh Isma'íl in 1472—Shaykh Haydar
of Ardebíl, his father—The rights of 'Ali, son-in-law of the
Prophet Mahomed, to the Caliphate—Death of Husayn, son
of 'Ali—The doctrinesof the Shi'ahs and of the Sunnis, as
held by the Persians and Turks respectively—Shaykh Haydar
of Ardebíl marries the daughter of Uzun Hasan—Sháh
Isma'íl begins to preach the doctrine of the Shi'ah Faith—
He gains possession of Tabríz—The Qizil Básh Cap of
Twelve Points—As to the title of Grand Sophi 103 -111
CHAPTER T W O
Sháh Isma'íl defeats Alvand and Murád Khán—Sultan Baya¬
zid II and the Shi'ahs—The canpaign of Tekelli in Asia
Minor—Sultan Bayazid is put to death by his son Sultan
Selim—Sultan Selim invades Persian Armenia—The
battle of Chaldirán . 112-119
CHAPTER T H R E E
Sultan Selim I again invades Armenia—Sháh Isma'íl makes
a treaty with Qánsúh the Mamlúk Sultan of Egypt—Qánsúh
marches from Cairo to Aleppo—Victory of the Turks before
Aleppo, and death of Qánsúh—Túmán Bey becomes Sultan
of Egypt, but is defeated and put to death—Egypt becomes a
province of Turkey—Deaths of Sultan Selim and of Shah
Isma'íl—Sháh Tahmásp succeeds in Persia, and Sultan
Sulaymán the Magnificent in Turkey—Sultan Sulaymán
appears before Tabríz—The Sultan goes to be crowned emperor
at Baghdad—The lamentable state of Tabríz—Death of
Sultan Sulaymán, who is succeeded by Sultan Selim II 120-127
CHAPTER FOUR
Peace between Persians and Turks—The death of Sultan Selim II,
and of Sháh Tahmásp—His son Muhammad Khudá-Bandah
being blind, Isma'íl, a younger son of Tahmásp, succeeds—
Parí-Khán-Khánum persuades the nobles to proclaim Haydar,
another son of Sháh Tahmásp—Haydar is killed—Sháh
Isma'íl II and his cruelties—He is put to death by the
nobles—Sultan Murád III prepares to invade Georgia—
Accession of King Muhammad Khudá-Bandah—Prince
Hamzah his deputy . • • • 128-135
xii
CONTENTS
CHAPTER FIVE
PAGES
The Turks, under Mustafá Pasha, invade Armenia and Georgia—
The Persians are defeated at Childir—Description of Georgia
—Intrigues of the Turks and of the Persians with the
princes of Georgia—Mustafá Pasha captures Tiflis—Prince
Iskandar joins Mustafá Pasha, who marches into Shirván 136-146
CHAPTER SIX
The city of Eres occupied by the Turks and fortified—Mustafá
Pasha marches back to Tiflis and to Erzerúm—'Adil Ghiray,
Prince of the Crim Tartars, marches into Shirván—Prince
Hamzah surprises 'Ádil Ghiray and takes him prisoner—The
reported intrigue of 'Adil Ghiray and the Begum : both are
put to death—Othman Pasha puts Shamkhál the Georgian
Prince to death . . . . 147—155
CHAPTER SEVEN
Qars rebuilt and fortified by the Turks—Hasan Pasha victorious
over the Persians and Georgians—Tiflis is regarrisoned—
Hasan Pasha's disastrous retreat to Erzerúm—Sinán Pasha
in Tiflis : on his homeward march is defeated—The Sháh
offers peace terms : the Persian ambassador goes to Con-
stantinople—The insult offered him—Georgia again invaded
—Muhammad Pasha returns to Erzerúm : the court-martial
on Manuchihr—Manuchihr escapes the toils laid for him 156-165
CHAPTER E I G H T
The Sháh marches on Herát—'Ali Quli Khán and Prince 'Abbás
—The siege of Herát abandoned—The conspiracy against the
Vizier Mirzá Salmán : his death—Farhád Pasha sent
against Eriván—This city taken and fortified—Manuchihr
and Simon, the Georgian princes, steal the Turkish treasure—
David, brother of Simon, joins the Turks, but Simon remains
on the Persian side—Amir Khán, the chief of the Turko-
mans,rebels in Tabriz, but is taken and put to death—Farhád
replaced by Othman Pasha, whom the Grand Vizier seeks
to kill—How the plot failed : the disgrace of the Grand
Vizier—Hasan Pasha governor of Egypt—The revolt of the
Druses in Palestine suppressed by Ibrahim Pasha—Othman
Pasha leaves Erzerúm, marching on Tabriz—The Turkish
army plunders Tabríz—Tabríz described—Othman Pasha
falling sick, dies—The Persians attack the Turkish rear-
guard at Shenb-Ghazán . • . 166—186
xiii
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