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8776FM.qxp 1/2/08 4:45 PM Page i

Foundation Flex
for Designers

Greg Goralski
LordAlex Leon
8776FM.qxp 1/2/08 4:45 PM Page ii

Foundation Flex for Designers

Copyright © 2008 by Greg Goralski, LordAlex Leon
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the
copyright owner and the publisher.
ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-59059-877-1
ISBN-10 (pbk): 1-59059-877-6
ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4302-0434-3
ISBN-10 (electronic): 1-4302-0434-6
Printed and bound in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Trademarked names may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name,
we use the names only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the
trademark.
Distributed to the book trade worldwide by Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 233 Spring Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY 10013. Phone
1-800-SPRINGER, fax 201-348-4505, e-mail [email protected], or visit www.springeronline.com.
For information on translations, please contact Apress directly at 2855 Telegraph Avenue, Suite 600, Berkeley, CA 94705.
Phone 510-549-5930, fax 510-549-5939, e-mail [email protected], or visit www.apress.com.
The information in this book is distributed on an “as is” basis, without warranty. Although every precaution has been taken in the
preparation of this work, neither the author(s) nor Apress shall have any liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or
damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the information contained in this work.
The source code for this book is freely available to readers at www.friendsofed.com in the Downloads section.

Credits

Lead Editors Production Editor

Chris Mills, Ben Renow-Clarke Ellie Fountain

Technical Reviewer Compositor

Mike Jones Lynn L'Heureux

Editorial Board Proofreader

Steve Anglin, Ewan Buckingham, Tony Campbell, Gary Cornell, Jonathan April Eddy
Gennick, Jason Gilmore, Kevin Goff, Jonathan Hassell, Matthew Moodie,
Joseph Ottinger, Jeffrey Pepper, Ben Renow-Clarke, Dominic Shakeshaft, Indexer
Matt Wade, Tom Welsh Brenda Miller

Project Manager Cover Image Designer

Beth Christmas Corné van Dooren

Copy Editor Interior and Cover Designer

Liz Welch Kurt Krames

Associate Production Director Manufacturing Director

Kari Brooks-Copony Tom Debolski
8776FM.qxp 1/2/08 4:45 PM Page iii

Dedicated to Martha Ladly; you teach by example

more than you know. By watching you, I have become a better
educator and designer. Many thanks.
Greg Goralski

To my wife Michael Rossana, who has always been there for me,
lending all her unconditional love and support, now mother of my
daughter Lady Mia, who was born while I was creating this book.
To Abuelita, for teaching me to always stay on the path in pursuit
of being the best I can be.
To my mother Yvania and father Alexis, for always believing in me
and giving me such a cool name.
To my family and close friends, whom I value the most, for I
believe there is no greater treasure.
LordAlex Leon
8776FM.qxp 1/2/08 4:45 PM Page iv
8776FM.qxp 1/2/08 4:45 PM Page v

CONTENTS AT A GLANCE

About the Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

About the Technical Reviewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii
About the Cover Image Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Chapter 1 Introducing Flex and Flex Builder 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Chapter 2 Styling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Chapter 3 Working with States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Chapter 4 Flex and Fireworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Chapter 5 Flex with Photoshop and Illustrator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Chapter 6 Flex Builder and Flash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Chapter 7 ActionScript in Flex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Chapter 8 Flex Photo Gallery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Chapter 9 Flex Video Gallery with Drag-and-Drop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Chapter 10 Exploring Flex Charting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Chapter 11 Creating Forms: The “Will Flex for Food”
Registration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Chapter 12 Flex and AIR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

v
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8776FM.qxp 1/2/08 4:45 PM Page vii

CONTENTS

About the Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

About the Technical Reviewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii
About the Cover Image Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Chapter 1 Introducing Flex and Flex Builder 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Rich Internet applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Creating your first project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
The Flex Builder 3 interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
A first look at Flex components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Flex fluid layouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Displaying content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Pulling in web feeds to Flex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Sources of feeds and limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Formatting the feed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Chapter 2 Styling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Using styling in Flex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
The Flex Style Explorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Playing with button styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
CSS in the Style Explorer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Styling panels, text areas, and text inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Styling the whole application at once . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Getting the style back into our applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
A more subtle design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

vii
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8776FM.qxp 1/2/08 4:45 PM Page viii

CONTENTS

Chapter 3 Working with States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Building a personal website . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Setting up the project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Building the base state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Creating a new state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Styling the project. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Chapter 4 Flex and Fireworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Creating a Flex layout in Fireworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Importing and manipulating images in Fireworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Organizing Flex Components in Fireworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Using Fireworks to align and refine a layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Modifying the images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Bringing the layout into Flex Builder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Chapter 5 Flex with Photoshop and Illustrator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Anatomy of a button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Building skins in Photoshop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Connecting Photoshop skins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Scale 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Using the CSS Design view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Skinning Flex components in Illustrator using SWF files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Importing the Illustrator skins into Flex Builder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Chapter 6 Flex Builder and Flash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Setting up to integrate Flash and Flex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Creating Flex skins in Flash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Adding animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Bringing in a texture for a Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Going from Flash to Flex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Importing Flash animations into Flex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Integrating Flash and Flex in a deeper way . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Chapter 7 ActionScript in Flex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
What is object-oriented programming? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
What is ActionScript? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
What is MXML? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Some key ActionScript concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Understanding packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Classes and objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

viii
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CONTENTS

Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Access modifiers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Variables arrays and collections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Accessing external data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
E4X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
SWFLoader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
ActionScript and MXML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Importing ActionScript classes into Flex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Maintaining your code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Controlling flow with events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Binding data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Chapter 8 Flex Photo Gallery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Starting off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Building the Thumbnails panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
The Tile component. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Proper alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Bringing in the XML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Getting the computer to do the work: repeaters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Creating the View panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Connecting the Thumbnails and View panels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Adding some sizzle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Finishing touches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

Chapter 9 Flex Video Gallery with Drag-and-Drop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Drag-and-drop in Flex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Drag-and-drop with List controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Manually adding drag-and-drop support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Altering the file to work with video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Writing the drag-and-drop functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

Chapter 10 Exploring Flex Charting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

Importing a project into Flex Builder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
A look at the ActionScript involved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Building the layout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Adding the DataGrid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Creating a column chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Controlling the visual appearance of a chart through CSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Creating a line chart with animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Creating a pie chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Adding a second set of data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

ix
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CONTENTS

Chapter 11 Creating Forms: The “Will Flex for Food”

Registration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Getting started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Adding the Accordion component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Adding panes to the Accordion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Adding content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
Adding combo boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Working with validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Filling the Final Thoughts pane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Styling your Accordion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

Chapter 12 Flex and AIR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

Creating a new AIR application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Building the Media Center layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
The ActionScript. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Connecting FileSystemTree to functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Adding the remaining components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Adding CSS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Exporting an AIR package. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Controlling the application window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Getting rid of the box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Re-creating the functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Adding the drag functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

x
8776FM.qxp 1/2/08 4:45 PM Page xi

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Greg Goralski is an interdisciplinary interactive designer based

in Toronto. He is an alumni of the Canadian Film Centre Media
Lab and the Interactive Project Lab. He has won Gold at the
National Post Design Exchange awards and has presented his
work at numerous festivals, including the World Expo in Aichi,
Japan. As a professor at the Humber College School of Media
Studies, he divides his time among playing with technology,
training the next generation of interactive designers, and being
inspired by his students. Greg also drinks too much coffee,
and should really be living on a beach. His website is www.
greggoralski.com.

LordAlex Leon is an active member of the Flash community and a well-

respected industry leader with over 7 years of experience creating content
and applications for the Internet and devices. He is the founder of LordAlex
Works™ (LAW), a Flash platform consultancy firm based in Montreal,
Quebec, Canada, helping new media and content providers deliver intelli-
gent, rich Internet content and powerful applications based on the Flash
platform.

LordAlex runs a personal blog dedicated to the Flash platform and related
technologies that you can read at www.lordalex.org.

You can find LordAlex in his spare time writing tutorials in English, French, and Spanish or speak-
ing at international events and conferences. LordAlex also runs the local official Montreal
Adobe User Group, the largest AUG in the province of Quebec.

xi
8776FM.qxp 1/2/08 4:45 PM Page xii

ABOUT THE TECHNICAL REVIEWER

Mike Jones is an old man of the Flash world, having first picked up Flash in late 1996, when it
was still called Futurewave Splash. For over a decade now, he has produced web applications,
websites, and desktop applications, all developed using the Flash platform—not once thinking
that perhaps it was time to find something better to do.

In his spare time, Mike runs the website FlashGen.com (www.flashgen.com). Originally launched
as a Macromedia Generator resource site in 1998, Mike now uses it as a blog-style repository for
information based on Flash, Flex, AIR, and ActionScript. He lives in Haslemere, Surrey, UK, with
his fiancée and their cat, Figo.

xii
8776FM.qxp 1/2/08 4:45 PM Page xiii

ABOUT THE COVER IMAGE DESIGNER

Corné van Dooren designed the front cover image for this book.
After taking a brief break from friends of ED to create a new
design for the Foundation series, he worked at combining
technological and organic forms, with the results now appear-
ing on this and other books’ covers.

Corné spent his childhood drawing on everything at hand and

then began exploring the infinite world of multimedia—and his
journey of discovery hasn’t stopped since. His mantra has
always been “The only limit to multimedia is the imagination,”
a saying that keeps him moving forward constantly.

Corné works for many international clients, writes features for

multimedia magazines, reviews and tests software, authors
multimedia studies, and works on many other friends of ED books. You can see more of his
work at and contact him through his website, www.cornevandooren.com.

If you like Corné’s work, be sure to check out his chapter in New Masters of Photoshop: Volume 2
(friends of ED, 2004).

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