INTRODUCTION TO OCCUPATIONAL

SAFETY AND HEALTH (OSH) FOR

FUTURE JOBS AND RISK MANAGEMENT
IN ROBOTIC INDUSTRIAL SECTOR
 Presentation outline

Robotic market projection Robotic market projection

Introduction to robotic
worldwide in Malaysia

Global robotic Robotic journey in Malaysia

National robotic roadmap
benchmarking

Service robots Agriculture robots Manufacturing robots

Emerging risk/hazard
Conclusion control measured
Introduction to robotic sector in Malaysia

Technology advancement in Fourth Industrial Revolution IR 4.0

(4IR) has altered the way people live, work, and relate to one
another.

Emerging technologies breakthroughs such as robotics, Technology

artificial intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT) are advancement AI
catalyzing disruptive innovations across socio-economic and IoT
sectors in the world.

Robotics combined with AI and IoT are redefining the Combination of

advancement and competitiveness of nations. robotic with AI and
IoT

Robotics is a key catalyst for Malaysia to achieve its

aspiration of becoming a progressive, prosperous, and high- Driven the
tech nation. Malaysian GDP

Malaysia’s adoption of technology in the manufacturing and Reduced accident

services sectors remain low at 37% and 20% respectively among worker
Robotic market value worldwide
Robotic market value in Malaysia
Robotic journey in Malaysia

Early 1990s 2006 till 2020 2021 till now

First phase Second phase Third phase

Then, the 3 rd phase (12 th

(7 th – 8 th Malaysia Plan) with Rapid improvement of Malaysia Plan and onwards)
the commencement of robotics was seen during the marked the aggressive
robotics through education, 2 nd phase (9 th – 11 th efforts of Malaysia to
research (first publication in Malaysia Plan) intensify the adoption and
Scopus 1992), adaption of technology
The establishment of local under the drive of Industry
technology adoption robotics organizations, 4.0 and 4IR.
networks, business
enterprises, and policies.
start of a global robotics
business enterprise in this
country
Global benchmarking in robotic sector
National robotic roadmap 2021- 2030 (NRR)
Service robot
Example of service Implementation of
Worker exposed to Emerging risk/ hazard
and healthcare robotic

Awkward position

Surgical Cobot
Surgical process
Long working
hours
• Robot
malfunction
Drug mixing • Unpredicted robot
Chemical hazard Mixing robot behaviour
process
• Collision/impact
by robot
• Human machine
Slippery floor Food delivering interaction
Food service robot • Electromagnetic
field
• Human error
Repetitive motion

Self checkout
Customer service robot
Night shift
Agriculture robot
Example of Agriculture Implementation of
Worker exposed to Emerging risk/ hazard
routine in plantation robotic

Falling object

Cutting FFB
Heavy lifting • Robot
Robotic cutter malfunction
• Unpredicted robot
Sharp object behaviour
Loading FFB Mechanical
• Collision/impact
robotic arm
by robot
Surrounding • Human machine
temperature interaction
Drone
• Electromagnetic
Fertilizing process field
Wild animal
attack Transporting • Human error
robots

fatigue
Pest control
process
Chemical hazard
Manufacturing robot
 Example of Implementation of
Worker exposed to Emerging risk/ hazard
manufacturing robotic
activities

High pressure

Welding Struct by object Robotic arm

• Robot
malfunction
Sharp object Automated • Unpredicted robot
Painting system behaviour
• Collision/impact
High temperature by robot
Co-bots • Human machine
Metal handling interaction
Noise
• Electromagnetic
Mechanical field
Slippery floor robotic • Human error
Stamping

Falling object Stamping robots

Machinery Crush by heavy

object
 Emerging risk/hazard
control measure

2. Sensoring device 4. General

a. Light curtain a. Calibration on

b. Mats robots according to
c. Single beam recommended time
Photoelectric b. Regular inspection
d. Presence sensor on robots
e. Interlock on gate/ conditions
door
f. Pressure sensor a. Provided
competence
a. Wire meshing training
b. Fencing b. Regular training on
c. Safety rails robotic according to
d. Chain and guard specification
post
e. PPE

1. Safety device 3. Training

Future job in robotic industry
According to MASCO

1. AI Robotics Integration Specialist: This role involves integrating artificial intelligence (AI) technologies with robotics
systems to enhance autonomous decision-making and adaptability.
2. Quantum Robotics Engineer: Quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize robotics. Engineers working in this
field focus on developing robotics systems that leverage quantum computing capabilities.
3. Exoskeleton Technician: Exoskeletons are wearable robotic devices that can assist individuals with mobility challenges.
Technicians in this role maintain and calibrate exoskeletons for users.
4. Robotics Bioinformatician: Bioinformaticians with a robotics focus work on analyzing and interpreting biological data to
advance applications like robotics for healthcare, biotechnology, and genomics.
5. Robotic Ethics and Compliance Officer: In fields where ethics and compliance are crucial, this role ensures that robotic
systems and AI technologies adhere to ethical standards and legal regulations.
6. Agri-Robotics Specialist: Agriculture robotics specialists work on the development and maintenance of robotic systems
used in precision agriculture, including autonomous tractors, drones, and robotic harvesters.
Future job in robotic industry According to MASCO

7. Robotics Safety Consultant: Safety consultants in the field of robotics focus on ensuring that robotic systems meet safety
standards and reduce risks in various industries.
8. Deep Learning Robot Trainer: Deep learning is a subset of machine learning, and trainers in this role specialize in
training robots to perform complex tasks using deep learning techniques.
9. Telemedicine Robotics Operator: This role involves operating robotic systems used in telemedicine applications, such as
remote consultations, surgery, and patient care.
10. Robotic UX/UI Designer: User experience (UX) and user interface (UI) designers with a robotics focus work on creating
intuitive and user-friendly interfaces for human-robot interactions.
11. Quantum Robotics Security Analyst: Quantum security analysts focus on ensuring the security of quantum computing-
based robotic systems, which may be vulnerable to new types of cyber threats.
Case study for robotic sector in Malaysia

Safety Hazard Percentages

Interview (20 companies)
Heat 19%

Noise 19%
• 5 company for robotics raw
Working at height 19%
materials
• 5 company for robot
Movement robot 13%
manufacturing
• 5 company for robot
Safety Lock 6% installation
• 5 company for robot
Wet Floor 6% maintenance

Tripping and high voltage 6%

Survey (100 respondent)

Fumes 6% • Schools' leavers

• Student from various
Trap 6% institutions related to robotic
 Case study for robotic sector in Malaysia
Robotics
Safety (current) Future Health (current) Future
Working at height Working at height Noise Noise
Slippery floor Slippery floor Awkward Posture Awkward Posture
Manufacturing/ R&D Power Tools Power Tools Microorganism Microorganism
Working with electricity Working with electricity Lubricant oil Lubricant oil
Pesticides

Fire Fire Lubricant oil Lubricant oil

Power Tools Power Tools Heat Heat
Installer Slippery floor Slippery floor Awkward posture Awkward posture

Working with electricity Working with electricity Noise Noise

Working at height Working at height Working at height Working at height
Heat Heat Fire Fire
Lubricant oil Lubricant oil Slippery floor Slippery floor
Operation & Maintenance Awkward posture Awkward posture Working with electricity Working with electricity
Microorganism Microorganism
fungas
Dust and particles
Finding on High-Risk Job in robotic sector

Safety Hazard
• Mechanical Engineer
Working with Manufacturer • Electrical Engineer
Power Tools • Robot Technician
Installer
• General Worker
Slippery Floor Operation &
Maintenance • Operator

Health Hazard
• Electrical Engineer
Manufacturer • Programmer
Noise
Installer • Robot Assembler
• Service Technician
Awkward Operation &
Posture Maintenance • Robot Task Controller
• Robot Operator
•.

Conclusion

1. Robotics reduces workplace accidents by taking over hazardous, repetitive, and heavy tasks.
2. Improves ergonomics and minimizes musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) among workers.
3. Requires updated OSH frameworks, including risk assessments for human–robot collaboration.
4. Necessitates training and upskilling to ensure safe operation and maintenance.
5. Demands clear regulatory guidelines and standards for safe implementation in Malaysia.
6. Addresses not only physical safety but also psychological aspects such as job security and
stress.
7. Enhances safety in related industries such as manufacturing, construction and services.