(Ebook) Cases in European Competition Policy: The Economic Analysis by Bruce Lyons ISBN 9780511651823, 9780521713504, 9780521886048, 0511651821, 0521713501, 052188604X Online Reading
(Ebook) Cases in European Competition Policy: The Economic Analysis by Bruce Lyons ISBN 9780511651823, 9780521713504, 9780521886048, 0511651821, 0521713501, 052188604X Online Reading
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Cases in European Competition Policy
Competition between firms is usually the most effective way of delivering economic
efficiency and what consumers want. However, there is a balance to be struck. Firms
must not be over regulated and so hampered in their development of innovative
products and new strategies to compete for customers. Nor must they be completely
free to satisfy a natural preference for monopoly, which would give them higher
profits and a quieter life. The economic role of competition policy (control of anti-
competitive agreements, mergers and abusive practices) is to maintain this balance,
and an effective policy requires a nuanced understanding of the economics of
industrial organisation. Cases in European Competition Policy demonstrates how
economics is used (and sometimes abused) in competition cases in practical competi-
tion policy across Europe. Each chapter summarises a real case investigated by the
European Commission or a national authority and provides a critique of key aspects
of the economic analysis.
Bruce Lyons is Professor of Economics and Deputy Director of the ESRC Centre for
Competition Policy at the University of East Anglia, Norwich.
Cases in European
Competition Policy:
The Economic Analysis
Edited by
Bruce Lyons
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore,
São Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo
Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York
www.cambridge.org
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521886048
© Cambridge University Press 2009
Introduction 23
Introduction 129
C Mergers 283
Introduction 283
Bibliography 465
Index 482
Contents by potentially anticompetitive
business practices
Markets Chapters
Manufacturing
Aircraft engines 17
Avionics and other aircraft components 17
Brewing 10, 13
Cars 9
Graphite electrodes 5
Paper 15
Pharmaceuticals 11
Pre-insulated pipes 6
Tyres 1
Network services
Mobile phone calls 3
Computer operating systems 2
Payment card systems 7
Utilities
Electricity 16
Gas 16
Retail
Car distribution 9
Insurance 12
Package holidays 14
Pubs 10
Supermarkets 4
Sports
Horseracing 8
List of figures
1.1 Scale of quantity rebates, 1995: discount rate offered for a turnover
of up to a certain amount page 33
1.2 Scale of quantity rebates for retreated tyres (1995) 34
3.1 Industry statistics (2002) 78
3.2 Average call charges 78
3.3 Shares of types of mobile calls 79
3.4 Termination charges in March 2001 (pence per minute) 81
3.5 The impact of regulation on termination charges 91
4.1 Market characteristics in UK grocery retailing, 1998/9 105
4.2 Local price flexing by UK grocery retailers, 1998/9 110
4.3 Buying effectiveness of the main grocery retailers, 1998/9 116
4.4 UK supermarket practices concerning relations with suppliers 118
5.1 Market share in graphite electrodes (1998 turnover) 141
5.2 Fines as a percentage of worldwide turnover (2000) 156
A5.1 Category 1 offenders 157
A5.2 Category 2 offenders 158
A5.3 Category 3 offenders 158
6.1 Fines decided by the EC (1998) and later by the Court of First
Instance (2002) 163
6.2 Claims made by four municipalities against three cartel members 166
9.1 Selective versus exclusive distribution 223
9.2 Infringement cases since the first block exemption in 1985 229
10.1 Assessing offsetting benefits 255
10.2 Operation of retail outlets 259
12.1 Statistics on the industry structure 301
12.2 Estimation results 306
12.3a Estimated characteristics of insurance groups 307
12.3b Estimated versus observed markups 308
12.4a Simulated effects of the notified merger (with efficiency gains) 309
12.4b Simulated effects of the notified merger (without efficiency gains) 310
xiv Tables
BRL
ESRC Centre for Competition Policy, University of
East Anglia, Norwich
July 2008
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