Question ID ddb62d63

Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Circles Hard

Trigonometry

ID: ddb62d63

Point lies on a unit circle in the xy-plane and has coordinates . Point is the center of the circle and has
coordinates . Point also lies on the circle and has coordinates , where is a constant. Which of the
following could be the positive measure of angle , in radians?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: ddb62d63 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that the circle is a unit circle, which means the circle has a radius of 1. It's also given that
point 𝐺 is the center of the circle and has coordinates (0, 0) and that point 𝐻 lies on the circle and has coordinates ( - 1, 𝑦)
. Since the radius of the circle is 1, the value of 𝑦 must be 0, as all other points with an x-coordinate of -1 are a distance
greater than 1 away from point 𝐺. Since 𝐹 and 𝐻 are points on the unit circle centered at 𝐺, let side 𝐹𝐺 be the starting
side of the angle and side 𝐺𝐻 be the terminal side of the angle. Since side 𝐹𝐺 is on the positive x-axis and side 𝐺𝐻 is on
the negative x-axis, side 𝐹𝐺 is half of a rotation around the unit circle, or 𝜋 radians, away from side 𝐺𝐻. Therefore, the
positive measure of angle 𝐹𝐺𝐻, in radians, is equal to 𝜋 plus an integer multiple of 2𝜋. In other words, the positive
measure of angle 𝐹𝐺𝐻, in radians, is an odd integer multiple of 𝜋. Of the given choices, only 25𝜋 is an odd integer
multiple of 𝜋.

Choice A is incorrect. This could be the positive measure of an angle where the starting side is 𝐹𝐺 and the terminal side
contains the point (0, - 1), not ( - 1, 0).

Choice B is incorrect. This could be the positive measure of an angle where the starting side is 𝐹𝐺 and the terminal side
contains the point (0, 1), not ( - 1, 0).

Choice C is incorrect. This could be the positive measure of an angle where the starting side is 𝐹𝐺 and the terminal side
contains the point (1, 0), not ( - 1, 0).

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 0f1d42fd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates, Hard

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 0f1d42fd

The density of a certain type of wood is kilograms per cubic meter. A sample of this type of wood is in the shape of
a cube and has a mass of kilograms. To the nearest hundredth of a meter, what is the length of one edge of this
sample?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0f1d42fd Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It’s given that the density of a certain type of wood is 353 kilograms per cubic meter kg/m3 , and a
sample of this type of wood has a mass of 345 kg. Let 𝑥 represent the volume, in m3 , of the sample. It follows that the
relationship between the density, mass, and volume of this sample can be written
as 353 kg
3 =
345 kg
3 , or 353 =
345 . Multiplying both sides of this equation by 𝑥 yields 353𝑥 = 345. Dividing both sides of this
𝑥
1 m 𝑥 m
equation by 353 yields 𝑥 = 345 .
353
Therefore, the volume of this sample is 345
353
m3 . Since it’s given that the sample of this type
of wood is a cube, it follows that the length of one edge of this sample can be found using the volume formula for a cube,
3 3
𝑉 = 𝑠 , where 𝑉 represents the volume, in m , and 𝑠 represents the length, in m, of one edge of the cube. Substituting
345
353
3
for 𝑉 in this formula yields 345
353
= 𝑠 . Taking the cube root of both sides of this equation yields 3√ 345
353
= 𝑠, or 𝑠 ≈ 0 . 99.
Therefore, the length of one edge of this sample to the nearest hundredth of a meter is 0.99.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 424cddc9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates, Hard

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 424cddc9

To study the moisture content in a group of trees, samples from the trunk of each tree were taken from trees and cut
in the shape of a cube. The length of the edge of one of these cubes is centimeters. If this cube has a mass of
grams, what is the density of this cube, in grams per cubic centimeter?

ID: 424cddc9 Answer

Correct Answer: 0.32, 8/25

Rationale

The correct answer is .32. The volume of a cube is given by the formula 𝑉 = 𝑠3 , where 𝑠 is the length of an edge of the
cube. It’s given that each edge of the cube has a length of 2.00 centimeters. Substituting 2.00 centimeters for 𝑠 in the
formula 𝑉 = 𝑠3 yields 𝑉 = (2.00 centimeters)3 , or 𝑉 = 8.00 cubic centimeters. It’s given that the cube has a mass of 2.56
grams. Dividing the mass, in grams, of the cube by the volume, in cubic centimeters, of the cube gives its density, in
2.56 grams
grams per cubic centimeters. Therefore, the density of the cube is 8.00 cubic , or .32 grams per cubic centimeter.
8/25 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.
centimeters
Note that .32 and

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 6baeb1d2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages Hard

Data Analysis

ID: 6baeb1d2

of the items in a box are green. Of those, are also rectangular. Of the green rectangular items, are also
metal. Which of the following is closest to the percentage of the items in the box that are not rectangular green metal
items?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 6baeb1d2 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that 37% of the items in a box are green. Let 𝑥 represent the total number of items in the
box. It follows that 100
37 𝑥, or 0.37𝑥, items in the box are green. It's also given that of those, 37% are also rectangular.

Therefore, 100
37 0.37𝑥, or 0.1369𝑥, items in the box are green rectangular items. It's also given that of the green rectangular

items, 42% are also metal. Therefore, 100 42 0.1369𝑥, or 0.057498𝑥, items in the box are rectangular green metal items. The

number of the items in the box that are not rectangular green metal items is the total number of items in the box minus
the number of rectangular green metal items in the box. Therefore, the number of items in the box that are not
rectangular green metal items is 𝑥 - 0.057498𝑥, or 0.942502𝑥. The percentage of items in the box that are not rectangular
green metal items is the percentage that 0.942502𝑥 is of 𝑥. If 𝑝% represents this percentage, the value of 𝑝 is 100 0.942502 ,
𝑥
𝑥

or 94.2502. Of the given choices, 94.25% is closest to the percentage of items in the box that are not rectangular green
metal items.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 91ac409a
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and Hard

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 91ac409a

The table summarizes the distribution of age and assigned group for participants in a study.

– years – years years Total

Group A

Group B

Group C

Total
One of these participants will be selected at random. What is the probability of selecting a participant from group A,
given that the participant is at least years of age? (Express your answer as a decimal or fraction, not as a percent.)

ID: 91ac409a Answer

Correct Answer: .3833, 23/60

Rationale

The correct answer is 23 60

. It's given that one of the participants will be selected at random. The probability of selecting a
participant from group A given that the participant is at least 10 years of age is the number of participants in group A who
are at least 10 years of age divided by the total number of participants who are at least 10 years of age. The table shows
that in group A, there are 14 participants who are 10–19 years of age and 9 participants who are 20 + years of age.
Therefore, there are 14 + 9, or 23, participants in group A who are at least 10 years of age. The table also shows that there
are a total of 30 participants who are 10–19 years of age and 30 participants who are 20 + years of age. Therefore, there
are a total of 30 + 30, or 60, participants who are at least 10 years of age. It follows that the probability of selecting a
participant from group A given that the participant is at least 10 years of age is 23 60
. Note that 23/60, .3833, and 0.383 are
examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 6a18e6b3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data: Hard

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 6a18e6b3

The box plots summarize the masses, in kilograms, of two groups of gazelles. Based on the box plots, which of the
following statements must be true?

A. The mean mass of group 1 is greater than the mean mass of group 2.

B. The mean mass of group 1 is less than the mean mass of group 2.

C. The median mass of group 1 is greater than the median mass of group 2.

D. The median mass of group 1 is less than the median mass of group 2.

ID: 6a18e6b3 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The median of a data set represented in a box plot is represented by the vertical line within the box. It
follows that the median mass of the gazelles in group 1 is 25 kilograms, and the median mass of the gazelles in group 2
is 24 kilograms. Since 25 kilograms is greater than 24 kilograms, the median mass of group 1 is greater than the median
mass of group 2.

Choice A is incorrect. The mean mass of each of the two groups cannot be determined from the box plots.

Choice B is incorrect. The mean mass of each of the two groups cannot be determined from the box plots.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 132aefb3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and Hard

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: 132aefb3

The table summarizes the distribution of age and assigned group for participants in a study.
– years – years years Total

Group A

Group B

Group C

Total
One of these participants will be selected at random. What is the probability of selecting a participant from group A,
given that the participant is at least 10 years of age?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 132aefb3 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. Since the participant will be selected at random, the probability of selecting a participant from group
A, given that the participant is at least 10 years of age, is equal to the number of participants from group A who are at
least 10 years of age divided by the total number of participants who are at least 10 years of age. Based on the table, in
group A, there are 17 participants who are 10–19 years of age and 8 participants who are 20 + years of age. Therefore,
there are a total of 17 + 8, or 25, participants in group A who are at least 10 years of age. Based on the table, of the total
number of participants, there are 30 participants who are 10–19 years of age and 30 participants who are 20 + years of
age. Therefore, a total of 30 + 30, or 60, of the participants are at least 10 years of age. Thus, the probability of selecting a
participant from group A, given that the participant is at least 10 years of age, is 25 ,
60
or 5.
12

Choice A is incorrect. This is the number of participants from group A who are at least 10 years of age divided by the total
number of participants, rather than divided by the number of participants who are at least 10 years of age.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the probability of randomly selecting a participant from group A, given that the participant is
10–19 years of age, rather than given that the participant is at least 10 years of age.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the probability of randomly selecting a participant who is at least 10 years of age, given that
the participant is in group A.
Question Difficulty: Hard
Question ID 6e1be879
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages Hard

Data Analysis

ID: 6e1be879

A reseller buys certain books for a purchase price of dollars each and then marks them each for sale at a consumer
price that is of the purchase price. After months, any remaining books not yet sold are marked at a discounted
price that is off the consumer price. What is the discounted price of each of the remaining books, in dollars?

ID: 6e1be879 Answer

Correct Answer: 4.05, 81/20

Rationale

The correct answer is 4.05. It's given that the purchase price for certain books is 5.00 dollars each. It's also given that
each book is marked for sale at a consumer price that is 270% of the purchase price. Since the consumer price is 270% of
the purchase price of 5.00 dollars, it follows that the consumer price is (2.7)(5.00), or 13.50, dollars. It's given that after 4
months, any remaining books are discounted at 70% off the consumer price. Thus, the discount amount is (0.7)(13.50), or
9.45, dollars. Subtracting the discount amount from the consumer price gives the discounted price of each of the
remaining books: 13.50 - 9.45 = 4.05. Note that 4.05 and 81/20 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 00048e15
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates, Hard

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 00048e15

If and , what is the value of ?

ID: 00048e15 Answer

Correct Answer: .0625, 1/16

Rationale

The correct answer is .0625 . It's given that 4 = 6.7 and = 26.8. The equation 4 = 6.7 can be rewritten as 4 = 6.7.
𝑏
𝑎 𝑎
𝑏𝑛
𝑎
𝑏
𝑎
𝑏

Dividing both sides of this equation by 4 yields = 1.675. The equation = 26.8 can be rewritten as 1 = 26.8.
𝑎
𝑏 𝑏𝑛
𝑎 𝑎
𝑏
𝑛

Substituting 1.675 for in this equation yields 1.675 1 = 26.8, or 1.675 = 26.8. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 𝑛
𝑎
𝑏
𝑛 𝑛

yields 1.675 = 26.8𝑛. Dividing both sides of this equation by 26.8 yields 𝑛 = 0.0625. Therefore, the value of 𝑛 is 0.0625. Note
that .0625, 0.062, 0.063, and 1/16 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d783308c
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages Hard

Data Analysis

ID: d783308c

The number is less than the positive number . The number is greater than . The number is how many
times ?

ID: d783308c Answer

Correct Answer: .54, 27/50

Rationale

The correct answer is .54 . It's given that the number 𝑎 is 70% less than the positive number 𝑏. Therefore, 𝑎 = 1 - 100
70 𝑏,

which is equivalent to 𝑎 = 1 - 0.70𝑏, or 𝑎 = 0.30𝑏. It's also given that the number 𝑐 is 80% greater than 𝑎. Therefore,
𝑐
80 𝑎, which is equivalent to 𝑐 = 1 + 0.80𝑎, or 𝑐 = 1.80𝑎. Since 𝑎 = 0.30𝑏, substituting 0.30𝑏 for 𝑎 in the equation
= 1 + 100
𝑐 = 1.80𝑎 yields 𝑐 = 1.800.30𝑏, or 𝑐 = 0.54𝑏. Thus, 𝑐 is 0.54 times 𝑏. Note that .54 and 27/50 are examples of ways to enter a

correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 335fc7f5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates, Hard

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 335fc7f5

A certain park has an area of square yards. What is the area, in square miles, of this park?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 335fc7f5 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

2
Choice B is correct. Since 1 mile is equal to 1,760 yards, 1 square mile is equal to 1,760 , or 3,097,600, square yards. It’s
given that the park has an area of 11,863,808 square yards. Therefore, the park has an area of
1 square mile 11,863,808
11,863,808 square yards 3,097,600 square yards
, or 3,097,600
square miles. Thus, the area, in square miles, of the park is 3.83.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the square root of the area of the park in square yards, not the area of the park in square
miles.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from converting 11,863,808 yards to miles, rather than converting 11,863,808 square
yards to square miles.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 733b819d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data: Hard

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 733b819d

Value Data set A frequency Data set B frequency

Data set A and data set B each consist of values. The table shows the frequencies of the values for each data set.
Which of the following statements best compares the means of the two data sets?

A. The mean of data set A is greater than the mean of data set B.

B. The mean of data set A is less than the mean of data set B.

C. The mean of data set A is equal to the mean of data set B.

D. There is not enough information to compare the means of the data sets.

ID: 733b819d Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. The mean value of a data set is the sum of the values of the data set divided by the number of values
in the data set. When a data set is represented in a frequency table, the sum of the values in the data set is the sum of
the products of each value and its frequency. For data set A, the sum of products of each value and its frequency is
302 + 344 + 385 + 427 + 469, or 1,094. It's given that there are 27 values in data set A. Therefore, the mean of data set A is
1,094
27 , or approximately 40.52. Similarly, the mean of data B is 27 , or approximately 35.48. Therefore, the mean of data set A
958

is greater than the mean of data set B.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID e03f95ad
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data: Hard

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: e03f95ad

Data set A consists of the heights of objects and has a mean of meters. Data set B consists of the heights of
objects and has a mean of meters. Data set C consists of the heights of the objects from data sets A and B.
What is the mean, in meters, of data set C?

ID: e03f95ad Answer

Correct Answer: 41

Rationale

The correct answer is 41. The mean of a data set is computed by dividing the sum of the values in the data set by the
number of values in the data set. It’s given that data set A consists of the heights of 75 objects and has a mean of 25
meters. This can be represented by the equation 𝑥
75
= 25, where 𝑥 represents the sum of the heights of the objects, in
meters, in data set A. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 75 yields 𝑥 = 7525, or 𝑥 = 1,875 meters. Therefore, the sum
of the heights of the objects in data set A is 1,875 meters. It’s also given that data set B consists of the heights of 50
objects and has a mean of 65 meters. This can be represented by the equation 𝑦

50
= 65, where 𝑦 represents the sum of the
heights of the objects, in meters, in data set B. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 50 yields 𝑦 = 5065, or 𝑦 = 3,250
meters. Therefore, the sum of the heights of the objects in data set B is 3,250 meters. Since it’s given that data set C
consists of the heights of the 125 objects from data sets A and B, it follows that the mean of data set C is the sum of the
heights of the objects, in meters, in data sets A and B divided by the number of objects represented in data sets A and B,
1,875 + 3,250
or 125
, which is equivalent to 41 meters. Therefore, the mean, in meters, of data set C is 41.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 0035c393
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Ratios, rates, Hard

Data Analysis proportional
relationships, and
units

ID: 0035c393

The density of a certain solid substance is kilograms per cubic meter. A sample of this substance is in the shape of
a cube, where each edge has a length of meters. To the nearest whole number, what is the mass, in kilograms, of
this sample?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 0035c393 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that the sample is in the shape of a cube with edge lengths of 0.60 meters. Therefore, the
3
volume of the sample is 0.60 , or 0.216, cubic meters. It's also given that the sample has a density of 813 kilograms per 1
cubic meter. Therefore, the mass of this sample is 0.216 cubic meters 1813cubic
kilograms
meter
, or 175.608 kilograms. Rounding this
mass to the nearest whole number gives 176 kilograms. Therefore, to the nearest whole number, the mass, in kilograms,
of this sample is 176.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c50fc439
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Evaluating statistical Hard

Data Analysis claims:
Observational
studies and
experiments

ID: c50fc439

A trivia tournament organizer wanted to study the relationship between the number of points a team scores in a trivia
round and the number of hours that a team practices each week. For the study, the organizer selected teams at
random from all trivia teams in a certain tournament. The table displays the information for the teams in the sample
that practiced for at least hours per week.

Number of points per round

Hours practiced
6 to 13 points 14 or more points Total

3 to 5 hours

More than 5 hours

Total
Which of the following is the largest population to which the results of the study can be generalized?

A. All trivia teams in the tournament that scored or more points in the round

B. The trivia teams in the sample

C. The trivia teams in the sample that practiced for at least hours per week

D. All trivia teams in the tournament

ID: c50fc439 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It's given that the organizer selected 55 teams at random from all trivia teams in the tournament. A
table is also given displaying the information for the 40 teams in the sample that practiced for at least 3 hours per week.
Selecting a sample of a reasonable size at random to use for a survey allows the results from that survey to be applied to
the population from which the sample was selected, but not beyond this population. Thus, only the sampling method
information is necessary to determine the largest population to which the results of the study can be generalized. Since
the organizer selected the sample at random from all trivia teams in the tournament, the largest population to which the
results of the study can be generalized is all trivia teams in the tournament.

Choice A is incorrect. The sample was selected at random from all trivia teams in the tournament, not just from the
teams that scored an average of 14 or more points per round.

Choice B is incorrect. If a study uses a sample selected at random from a population, the results of the study can be
generalized to the population, not just the sample.
Choice C is incorrect. If a study uses a sample selected at random from a population, the results of the study can be
generalized to the population, not just a subset of the sample.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d2da7c69
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages Hard

Data Analysis

ID: d2da7c69

The number is greater than the number . The number is less than . What is the value of ?

ID: d2da7c69 Answer

Correct Answer: 9.87, 987/100

Rationale

The correct answer is 9.87. It’s given that the number 𝑎 is 110% greater than the number 𝑏. It follows that 𝑎 = 1 + 100 110 𝑏, or

𝑎 = 2.1𝑏. It’s also given that the number 𝑏 is 90% less than 47. It follows that 𝑏 = 1 -
100 47, or 𝑏 = 0.147, which yields 𝑏 = 4.7.
90

Substituting 4.7 for 𝑏 in the equation 𝑎 = 2.1𝑏 yields 𝑎 = 2.14.7, which is equivalent to 𝑎 = 9.87. Therefore, the value of 𝑎 is
9.87.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID f57616fa
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Probability and Hard

Data Analysis conditional
probability

ID: f57616fa

Site A Site B Total

Tulip

Daffodil

Total
The table shows the distribution of two types of flowers at two different sites. If a flower represented in the table is
selected at random, what is the probability of selecting a flower from site A, given that the flower is a tulip? (Express your
answer as a decimal or fraction, not as a percent.)

ID: f57616fa Answer

Correct Answer: 0.7, 7/10

Rationale

The correct answer is 35 .

50
Based on the table, there are a total of 50 tulips, and 35 of these tulips are from site A. The
probability of selecting at random a flower from site A, given that the flower is a tulip, is equal to the number of tulips
from site A divided by the total number of tulips, which can be written as 35
50
, or 10
7 . Note that 35/50, 7/10, and .7 are

examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 5f6315e1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and One-variable data: Hard

Data Analysis Distributions and
measures of center
and spread

ID: 5f6315e1

Data set A consists of positive integers less than . The list shown gives of the integers from data set A.
, , , , , , , ,
The mean of these integers is . If the mean of data set A is an integer that is greater than , what is the value of the
largest integer from data set A?

ID: 5f6315e1 Answer

Correct Answer: 52

Rationale

The correct answer is 52. The mean of a data set is calculated by dividing the sum of the data values by the number of
values. It’s given that data set A consists of 10 values, 9 of which are shown. Let 𝑥 represent the 10th data value in data
set A, which isn’t shown. The mean of data set A can be found using the expression 43 + 45 + 44 + 43 + 3810+ 39 + 40 + 46 + 40 + , or
𝑥

378 + . It’s given that the mean of the 9 values shown is 42 and that the mean of all 10 numbers is greater than 42.
𝑥
10
Consequently, the 10th data value, 𝑥, is larger than 42. It’s also given that the data values in data set A are positive
integers less than 60. Thus, 42 < 𝑥 < 60. Finally, it’s given that the mean of data set A is an integer. This means that the
sum of the 10 data values, 378 + 𝑥, is divisible by 10. Thus, 378 + 𝑥 must have a ones digit of 0. It follows that 𝑥 must have
a ones digit of 2. Since 42 < 𝑥 < 60 and 𝑥 has a ones digit of 2, the only possible value of 𝑥 is 52. Since 52 is larger than
any of the integers shown, the largest integer from data set A is 52.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d683c482
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages Hard

Data Analysis

ID: d683c482

The number is greater than the number . The number is less than . What is the value of ?

ID: d683c482 Answer

Correct Answer: 189/4, 47.25

Rationale

The correct answer is 47.25. It’s given that the number 𝑤 is 110% greater than the number 𝑧. It follows that 𝑤 = 1 + 100 110 𝑧, or

𝑤 = 2.1𝑧. It’s also given that the number 𝑧 is 55% less than 50. It follows that 𝑧 = 1 -
100 50, or 𝑧 = 0.4550, which yields
55

𝑧 = 22.5. Substituting 22.5 for 𝑧 in the equation 𝑤 = 2.1𝑧 yields 𝑤 = 2.122.5, which is equivalent to 𝑤 = 47.25. Therefore, the
value of 𝑤 is 47.25. Note that 47.25 and 189/4 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 7dfb73de
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Percentages Hard

Data Analysis

ID: 7dfb73de

According to a set of standards, a certain type of substance can contain a maximum of phosphorus by mass. If
a sample of this substance has a mass of grams, what is the maximum mass, in grams, of phosphorus the sample
can contain to meet these standards?

ID: 7dfb73de Answer

Correct Answer: .0014

Rationale

The correct answer is .0014 . It's given that a certain type of substance can contain a maximum of 0.001% phosphorus by
mass to meet a set of standards. If a sample of the substance has a mass of 140 grams, it follows that the maximum
mass, in grams, of phosphorus the sample can contain to meet the standards is 0.001% of 140, or 0.001
100 140, which is
equivalent to 0.00001140, or 0.0014. Note that .0014 and 0.001 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 6a61db85
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Two-variable data: Hard

Data Analysis Models and
scatterplots

ID: 6a61db85

The scatterplot shows the relationship between the length of time , in hours, a certain bird spent in flight and the
number of days after January , .

What is the average rate of change, in hours per day, of the length of time the bird spent in flight on January to the
length of time the bird spent in flight on January ?

ID: 6a61db85 Answer

Correct Answer: 4.5, 9/2

Rationale

The correct answer is 92 . It's given that the scatterplot shows the relationship between the length of time 𝑦, in hours, a
certain bird spent in flight and the number of days after January 11, 𝑥. Since January 13 is 2 days after January 11, it
follows that January 13 corresponds to an x-value of 2 in the scatterplot. In the scatterplot, when 𝑥 = 2, the corresponding
value of 𝑦 is 6. In other words, on January 13, the bird spent 6 hours in flight. Since January 15 is 4 days after January 11, it
follows that January 15 corresponds to an x-value of 4 in the scatterplot. In the scatterplot, when 𝑥 = 4, the corresponding
value of 𝑦 is 15. In other words, on January 15, the bird spent 15 hours in flight. Therefore, the average rate of change, in
hours per day, of the length of time the bird spent in flight on January 13 to the length of time the bird spent in flight on
January 15 is the difference in the length of time, in hours, the bird spent in flight divided by the difference in the number
of days after January 11, or 15 - 6 ,
4-2
which is equivalent to 92 . Note that 9/2 and 4.5 are examples of ways to enter a correct
answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID a14f60fe
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Problem-Solving and Evaluating statistical Hard

Data Analysis claims:
Observational
studies and
experiments

ID: a14f60fe

For a baobab tree habitat in South Africa, a scientist randomly selected baobab trees that were years old and
randomly assigned them to two groups. Each group was subjected to a different watering pattern for consecutive years
to observe whether the watering pattern affects the trees’ growth rate. Based on the design of the study, what is the
largest group to which these results can be applied?

A. All the baobab trees that were selected in this habitat

B. All the baobab trees that were years old in this habitat

C. All the baobab trees that were years old in South Africa

D. All the baobab trees that were years old in this habitat

ID: a14f60fe Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. When a study uses a randomly selected sample, the largest group to which the results of the study
can be applied is the population from which the sample was selected. It's given that the scientist randomly selected the
trees from the baobab trees in a certain habitat that were 17 years old. Therefore, the largest group to which the results
of this study can be applied is all the baobab trees that were 17 years old in this habitat.

Choice A is incorrect. Since the sample was randomly selected from a population, the results can be applied to a larger
group than the sample.

Choice B is incorrect. The sample was selected from a population of baobab trees that were 17 years old, not 19 years
old.

Choice C is incorrect. The sample was selected from a certain tree habitat in South Africa, not from all the baobab trees
that were 17 years old in South Africa.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 20c18190
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Right triangles and Hard

Trigonometry trigonometry

ID: 20c18190

In the triangle shown, . What is the value of ?

ID: 20c18190 Answer

Correct Answer: .9811, 52/53

Rationale

The correct answer is 53 .

52
In a right triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares
of the lengths of the two legs. The length of the hypotenuse of the right triangle shown is 53. It’s given that 𝑅𝑆 = √105.
Therefore, the length of one of the legs of the triangle shown is √105. Let 𝑥 represent 𝑇𝑆, the length of the other leg of the
2
triangle shown. Therefore, 532 = (√105) + 𝑥2 , or 2,809 = 105 + 𝑥2 . Subtracting 105 from both sides of this equation yields
2,704 = 𝑥2 . Taking the positive square root of both sides of this equation yields 52 = 𝑥. Therefore, 𝑇𝑆, the length of the
other leg of the triangle shown, is 52. The sine of an acute angle in a right triangle is defined as the ratio of the length of
the leg opposite the angle to the length of the hypotenuse. The length of the leg opposite angle 𝑅 is 52, and the length of
the hypotenuse is 53. Therefore, the value of sin𝑅 is 52
53
. Note that 52/53 or .9811 are examples of ways to enter a correct
answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 6692f86d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Area and volume Hard

Trigonometry

ID: 6692f86d

The three points shown define a circle. The circumference of this circle is , where is a constant. What is the value of
?

ID: 6692f86d Answer

Correct Answer: 8

Rationale

The correct answer is 8. It's given that the three points shown define a circle, so the center of that circle is an equal
distance from each of the three points. The point (6, 6) is halfway between the points (6, 2) and (6, 10), and is a distance of
4 units from each of those two points. The point (6, 6) is also a distance of 4 units from (2, 6). Because the point (6, 6) is
the same distance from all three points shown, it must be the center of the circle. Since that distance is 4, it follows that
the radius of the circle is 4. The circumference of a circle with radius 𝑟 is equal to 2𝜋𝑟. It follows that the circumference of
the given circle is 2𝜋(4), or 8𝜋. It's given that the circumference of the circle is 𝑘𝜋. Therefore, the value of 𝑘 is 8.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 5a4c2576
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Area and volume Hard

Trigonometry

ID: 5a4c2576

Rectangle is similar to rectangle . The area of rectangle is square inches, and the area of
rectangle is square inches. The length of the longest side of rectangle is inches. What is the
length, in inches, of the longest side of rectangle ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 5a4c2576 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It's given that rectangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is similar to rectangle 𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻. Therefore, if the length of each side of
rectangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is 𝑘 times the length of the corresponding side of rectangle 𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻, then the area of rectangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is
2
𝑘 times the area of rectangle 𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻. It’s given that the area of rectangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is 648 square inches and the area of

rectangle 𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻 is 72 square inches. It follows that 𝑘2 = 648 2

72 , or 𝑘 = 9. Taking the square root of each side of this
equation yields 𝑘 = √9, or 𝑘 = 3. It follows that the length of each side of rectangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is 3 times the length of the
corresponding side of rectangle 𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻. It’s given that the length of the longest side of rectangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is 36 inches.
Therefore, 36 inches is 3 times the length of the longest side of rectangle 𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻, and the longest side of rectangle 𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻
is equal to 36
3 , or 12, inches.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the length, in inches, of the longest side of a rectangle with side lengths that are 19 the
corresponding side lengths of rectangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷, rather than a rectangle with an area that is 19 the area of rectangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the factor by which the area of rectangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is larger than the area of rectangle 𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻,
not the length, in inches, of the longest side of rectangle 𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the length, in inches, of the longest side of rectangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷, not rectangle 𝐸𝐹𝐺𝐻.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c10968c1
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Right triangles and Hard

Trigonometry trigonometry

ID: c10968c1

Triangle is similar to triangle , where angle corresponds to angle and angles and are right angles.
The length of is times the length of . If , what is the value of ?

ID: c10968c1 Answer

Correct Answer: .7241, 21/29

Rationale

The correct answer is 21

29
. It's given that triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 is similar to triangle 𝐷𝐸𝐹, where angle 𝐴 corresponds to angle 𝐷
and angles 𝐶 and 𝐹 are right angles. In similar triangles, the tangents of corresponding angles are equal. Therefore, if
tan𝐴 = 21
20
, then tan𝐷 = 21
20
. In a right triangle, the tangent of an acute angle is the ratio of the length of the leg opposite the
¯
angle to the length of the leg adjacent to the angle. Therefore, in triangle 𝐷𝐸𝐹, if tan𝐷 = 21 20
, the ratio of the length of 𝐸𝐹 to
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
the length of 𝐷𝐹 is 20 . If the lengths of 𝐸𝐹 and 𝐷𝐹 are 21 and 20, respectively, then the ratio of the length of 𝐸𝐹 to the
21
¯
length of 𝐷𝐹 is 21
20
. In a right triangle, the sine of an acute angle is the ratio of the length of the leg opposite the angle to
¯ ¯
the length of the hypotenuse. Therefore, the value of sin𝐷 is the ratio of the length of 𝐸𝐹 to the length of 𝐷𝐸 . The length
¯
of 𝐷𝐸 can be calculated using the Pythagorean theorem, which states that if the lengths of the legs of a right triangle are
𝑎 and 𝑏 and the length of the hypotenuse is 𝑐, then 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 = 𝑐2 . Therefore, if the lengths of 𝐸𝐹
¯ ¯
and 𝐷𝐹 are 21 and 20,
2 2 2 2
respectively, then 21 + 20 = 𝐷𝐸 , or 841 = 𝐷𝐸 . Taking the positive square root of both sides of this equation yields
¯ ¯ ¯
29 = 𝐷𝐸. Therefore, if the lengths of 𝐸𝐹 and 𝐷𝐹 are 21 and 20, respectively, then the length of 𝐷𝐸 is 29 and the ratio of the
¯ ¯
length of 𝐸𝐹 to the length of 𝐷𝐸 is 29 . Thus, if tan𝐴 = 20 , the value of sin𝐷 is 29 . Note that 21/29, .7241, and 0.724 are
21 21 21

examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID b006acd3
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Circles Hard

Trigonometry

ID: b006acd3

Circle A has equation . In the -plane, circle B is obtained by translating circle A to the right
units. Which equation represents circle B?

A. msup

B. msup

C. msup

D. msup

ID: b006acd3 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The equation of a circle in the xy-plane can be written as (𝑥 - ℎ)2 + (𝑦 - 𝑘)2 = 𝑟2 , where the center of
the circle is (ℎ, 𝑘) and the radius of the circle is 𝑟 units. It’s given that circle A has the equation (𝑥 - 7)2 + (𝑦 + 3)2 = 1, which
2 2 2
can be written as (𝑥 - 7) + (𝑦 - ( - 3)) = 1 . It follows that ℎ = 7, 𝑘 = - 3, and 𝑟 = 1. Therefore, the center of circle A is
(7, - 3) and its radius is 1 unit. If circle A is translated 4 units to the right, the x-coordinate of the center will increase by 4,
while the y-coordinate and the radius of the circle will remain unchanged. Translating the center of circle A to the right 4
units yields (7 + 4, - 3), or (11, - 3). Therefore, the center of circle B is (11, - 3). Substituting 11 for ℎ, -3 for 𝑘, and 1 for 𝑟 into
the equation (𝑥 - ℎ)2 + (𝑦 - 𝑘)2 = 𝑟2 yields (𝑥 - 11)2 + (𝑦 - ( - 3))2 = 1, or (𝑥 - 11)2 + (𝑦 + 3)2 = 1. Therefore, the equation
2 2
(𝑥 - 11) + (𝑦 + 3) = 1 represents circle B.

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a circle obtained by shifting circle A down, rather than right, 4 units.

Choice B is incorrect. This equation represents a circle obtained by shifting circle A left, rather than right, 4 units.

Choice D is incorrect. This equation represents a circle obtained by shifting circle A up, rather than right, 4 units.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d32d4957
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Right triangles and Hard

Trigonometry trigonometry

ID: d32d4957

Triangle is similar to triangle , where corresponds to and corresponds to . Angles and are
right angles. If and , what is the length of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d32d4957 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Corresponding angles in similar triangles have equal measures. It's given that triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 is similar
to triangle 𝐷𝐸𝐹, where 𝐴 corresponds to 𝐷, so the measure of angle 𝐴 is equal to the measure of angle 𝐷. Therefore, if
tan𝐴 = √3, then tan𝐷 = √3. It's given that angles 𝐶 and 𝐹 are right angles, so triangles 𝐴𝐵𝐶 and 𝐷𝐸𝐹 are right triangles.
The adjacent side of an acute angle in a right triangle is the side closest to the angle that is not the hypotenuse. It follows
that the adjacent side of angle 𝐷 is side 𝐷𝐹. The opposite side of an acute angle in a right triangle is the side across
from the acute angle. It follows that the opposite side of angle 𝐷 is side 𝐸𝐹. The tangent of an acute angle in a right
triangle is the ratio of the length of the opposite side to the length of the adjacent side. Therefore, tan𝐷 = . If 𝐷𝐹 = 125,
𝐸𝐹
𝐷𝐹

the length of side 𝐸𝐹 can be found by substituting √3 for tan𝐷 and 125 for 𝐷𝐹 in the equation tan𝐷 = , which yields
𝐸𝐹
𝐷𝐹

√3 = 125 . Multiplying both sides of this equation by 125 yields 125√3 = 𝐸𝐹. Since the length of side 𝐸𝐹 is √3 times the
𝐸𝐹

length of side 𝐷𝐹, it follows that triangle 𝐷𝐸𝐹 is a special right triangle with angle measures 30°, 60°, and 90°. Therefore,
¯
the length of the hypotenuse, 𝐷𝐸 , is 2 times the length of side 𝐷𝐹, or 𝐷𝐸 = 2𝐷𝐹. Substituting 125 for 𝐷𝐹 in this equation
¯
yields 𝐷𝐸 = 2125, or 𝐷𝐸 = 250. Thus, if tan𝐴 = √3 and 𝐷𝐹 = 125, the length of 𝐷𝐸 is 250.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

¯ ¯
Choice C is incorrect. This is the length of 𝐸𝐹 , not 𝐷𝐸 .

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 2ab5f0fd
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Right triangles and Hard

Trigonometry trigonometry

ID: 2ab5f0fd

The length of a rectangle’s diagonal is , and the length of the rectangle’s shorter side is . What is the length of the
rectangle’s longer side?

ID: 2ab5f0fd Answer

Correct Answer: 12

Rationale

The correct answer is 12. The diagonal of a rectangle forms a right triangle, where the shorter side and the longer side of
the rectangle are the legs of the triangle and the diagonal of the rectangle is the hypotenuse of the triangle. It's given that
the length of the rectangle's diagonal is 3√17 and the length of the rectangle's shorter side is 3. Thus, the length of the
hypotenuse of the right triangle formed by the diagonal is 3√17 and the length of one of the legs is 3. By the Pythagorean
theorem, if a right triangle has a hypotenuse with length 𝑐 and legs with lengths 𝑎 and 𝑏, then 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 = 𝑐2 . Substituting
2
3√17 for 𝑐 and 3 for 𝑏 in this equation yields 𝑎2 + 32 = 3√17 , or 𝑎2 + 9 = 153. Subtracting 9 from both sides of this equation
yields 𝑎2 = 144. Taking the square root of both sides of this equation yields 𝑎 = ± √144, or 𝑎 = ± 12. Since 𝑎 represents a
length, which must be positive, the value of 𝑎 is 12. Thus, the length of the rectangle's longer side is 12.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 77b4f5c9
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Area and volume Hard

Trigonometry

ID: 77b4f5c9

The circumference of the base of a right circular cylinder is meters, and the height of the cylinder is meters. What
is the volume, in cubic meters, of the cylinder?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 77b4f5c9 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The volume, 𝑉, of a right circular cylinder is given by the formula 𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟2 ℎ, where 𝑟 is the radius of the
base of the cylinder and ℎ is the height of the cylinder. It’s given that a right circular cylinder has a height of 6 meters.
Therefore, ℎ = 6. It's also given that the right circular cylinder has a base with a circumference of 20𝜋 meters. The
circumference, 𝐶, of a circle is given by 𝐶 = 2𝜋𝑟, where 𝑟 is the radius of the circle. Substituting 20𝜋 for 𝐶 in the formula
𝐶 = 2𝜋𝑟 yields 20𝜋 = 2𝜋𝑟. Dividing each side of this equation by 2𝜋 yields 10 = 𝑟. Substituting 10 for 𝑟 and 6 for ℎ in the

formula 𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟2 ℎ yields 𝑉 = 𝜋(10)2 6, or 𝑉 = 600𝜋. Therefore, the volume, in cubic meters, of the cylinder is 600𝜋.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the lateral surface area, not the volume, of the cylinder.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the result of using the diameter, not the radius, for the value of 𝑟 in the formula 𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟2 ℎ.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 559068d5
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Area and volume Hard

Trigonometry

ID: 559068d5

A rectangular poster has an area of square inches. A copy of the poster is made in which the length and width of the
original poster are each increased by . What is the area of the copy, in square inches?

ID: 559068d5 Answer

Correct Answer: 2592/5, 518.4

Rationale

The correct answer is 518.4. It's given that the area of the original poster is 360 square inches. Let 𝑙 represent the length,
in inches, of the original poster, and let 𝑤 represent the width, in inches, of the original poster. Since the area of a
rectangle is equal to its length times its width, it follows that 360 = 𝑙𝑤. It's also given that a copy of the poster is made in
which the length and width of the original poster are each increased by 20%. It follows that the length of the copy is the
length of the original poster plus 20% of the length of the original poster, which is equivalent to 𝑙 + 100
20 𝑙 inches. This length

can be rewritten as 𝑙 + 0.2𝑙 inches, or 1.2𝑙 inches. Similarly, the width of the copy is the width of the original poster plus
20% of the width of the original poster, which is equivalent to 𝑤 + 100
20 𝑤 inches. This width can be rewritten as 𝑤 + 0.2𝑤

inches, or 1.2𝑤 inches. Since the area of a rectangle is equal to its length times its width, it follows that the area, in
square inches, of the copy is equal to 1.2𝑙1.2𝑤, which can be rewritten as 1.21.2𝑙𝑤. Since 360 = 𝑙𝑤, the area, in square
inches, of the copy can be found by substituting 360 for 𝑙𝑤 in the expression 1.21.2𝑙𝑤, which yields 1.21.2360, or 518.4.
Therefore, the area of the copy, in square inches, is 518.4.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID c3f47bd8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Lines, angles, and Hard

Trigonometry triangles

ID: c3f47bd8

In triangle , angle is a right angle, point lies on , point lies on , and is parallel to . If the length
of is units, the length of is units, and the area of triangle is square units, what is the length of
, in units?

ID: c3f47bd8 Answer

Correct Answer: 14.66, 14.67, 44/3

Rationale

The correct answer is 44 . It's given that in triangle 𝑅𝑆𝑇, angle 𝑇 is a right angle. The area of a right triangle can be found
3
using the formula 𝐴 = 1 𝑙 𝑙 , where 𝐴 represents the area of the right triangle, 𝑙 represents the length of one leg of the
2 1 2 1
¯ ¯
triangle, and 𝑙2 represents the length of the other leg of the triangle. In triangle 𝑅𝑆𝑇, the two legs are 𝑅𝑇 and 𝑆𝑇.
¯
Therefore, if the length of 𝑅𝑇 is 72 and the area of triangle 𝑅𝑆𝑇 is 792, then 792 = 12 72𝑆𝑇, or 792 = 36𝑆𝑇. Dividing both
¯ ¯
sides of this equation by 36 yields 22 = 𝑆𝑇. Therefore, the length of 𝑆𝑇 is 22. It's also given that point 𝐿 lies on 𝑅𝑆 , point 𝐾
¯ ¯ ¯
lies on 𝑆𝑇, and 𝐿𝐾 is parallel to 𝑅𝑇. It follows that angle 𝐿𝐾𝑆 is a right angle. Since triangles 𝑅𝑆𝑇 and 𝐿𝑆𝐾 share angle 𝑆
and have right angles 𝑇 and 𝐾, respectively, triangles 𝑅𝑆𝑇 and 𝐿𝑆𝐾 are similar triangles. Therefore, the ratio of the length
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
of 𝑅𝑇 to the length of 𝐿𝐾 is equal to the ratio of the length of 𝑆𝑇 to the length of 𝑆𝐾 . If the length of 𝑅𝑇 is 72 and the
¯ ¯ ¯
length of 𝐿𝐾 is 24, it follows that the ratio of the length of 𝑅𝑇 to the length of 𝐿𝐾 is 24 , or 3, so the ratio of the length of
72
¯ ¯
𝑆𝑇 to the length of 𝑆𝐾 is 3. Therefore, 22 = 3. Multiplying both sides of this equation by 𝑆𝐾 yields 22 = 3𝑆𝐾. Dividing both
𝑆𝐾

¯ ¯
sides of this equation by 3 yields 22 3
= 𝑆𝐾. Since the length of 𝑆𝑇 , 22, is the sum of the length of 𝑆𝐾 , 22
3
, and the length of
¯ ¯
𝐾𝑇, it follows that the length of 𝐾𝑇 is 22 -
22 , or 44 . Note that 44/3, 14.66, and 14.67 are examples of ways to enter a
3 3
correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 40789a56
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Circles Hard

Trigonometry

ID: 40789a56

Circle A in the xy-plane has the equation . Circle B has the same center as circle A. The radius
of circle B is two times the radius of circle A. The equation defining circle B in the xy-plane is ,
where is a constant. What is the value of ?

ID: 40789a56 Answer

Correct Answer: 16

Rationale

The correct answer is 16. An equation of a circle in the xy-plane can be written as 𝑥 - 𝑡2 + 𝑦 - 𝑢2 = 𝑟2 , where the center of
the circle is 𝑡, 𝑢 , the radius of the circle is 𝑟, and where 𝑡, 𝑢, and 𝑟 are constants. It’s given that the equation of circle A is
2 2
𝑥 + 5 + 𝑦 - 5 = 4, which is equivalent to 𝑥 + 52 + 𝑦 - 52 = 22 . Therefore, the center of circle A is -5, 5 and the radius of circle
A is 2. It’s given that circle B has the same center as circle A and that the radius of circle B is two times the radius of
circle A. Therefore, the center of circle B is -5, 5 and the radius of circle B is 22, or 4. Substituting -5 for 𝑡, 5 for 𝑢, and 4 for 𝑟
into the equation 𝑥 - 𝑡2 + 𝑦 - 𝑢2 = 𝑟2 yields 𝑥 + 52 + 𝑦 - 52 = 42 , which is equivalent to 𝑥 + 52 + 𝑦 - 52 = 16. It follows that the
2 2
equation of circle B in the xy-plane is 𝑥 + 5 + 𝑦 - 5 = 16. Therefore, the value of 𝑘 is 16.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 409da8a2
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Circles Hard

Trigonometry

ID: 409da8a2

A circle in the xy-plane has its center at and has a radius of . Which equation represents this circle?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 409da8a2 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. The equation of a circle in the xy-plane can be written as (𝑥 - ℎ)2 + (𝑦 - 𝑘)2 = 𝑟2 , where the center of
the circle is (ℎ, 𝑘) and the radius of the circle is 𝑟. It’s given that this circle has a center at (16, 17) and a radius of 7𝑘.
2 2 2 2
Substituting 16 for ℎ, 17 for 𝑘, and 7𝑘 for 𝑟 in (𝑥 - ℎ) + (𝑦 - 𝑘) = 𝑟2 yields (𝑥 - 16) + (𝑦 - 17)2 = (7𝑘) , or
2 2 2 2
(𝑥 - 16) + (𝑦 - 17)2 = 49𝑘 . Therefore, the equation that represents this circle is (𝑥 - 16) + (𝑦 - 17)2 = 49𝑘 .

Choice A is incorrect. This equation represents a circle with radius 7√𝑘, not 7𝑘.

Choice C is incorrect. This equation represents a circle with radius √7𝑘, not 7𝑘.

Choice D is incorrect. This equation represents a circle with radius √7𝑘, not 7𝑘.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 4abd4abf
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Area and volume Hard

Trigonometry

ID: 4abd4abf

A hemisphere is half of a sphere. If a hemisphere has a radius of inches, which of the following is closest to the
volume, in cubic inches, of this hemisphere?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 4abd4abf Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The volume, 𝑉, of a sphere is given by 𝑉 = 43 𝜋𝑟3 , where 𝑟 is the radius of the sphere. Since a
hemisphere is half of a sphere, it follows that the volume, 𝑉, of a hemisphere is given by 𝑉 = 12 43 𝜋𝑟3 , or 𝑉 = 23 𝜋𝑟3 .
Substituting 27 for 𝑟 in this formula yields 𝑉 = 23 𝜋273 , which gives 𝑉 = 13,122𝜋, or 𝑉 is approximately equal to 41,223.98.
Therefore, the choice that is closest to the volume, in cubic inches, of this hemisphere is 41,200.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 50cd2366
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Right triangles and Hard

Trigonometry trigonometry

ID: 50cd2366

An isosceles right triangle has a perimeter of inches. What is the length, in inches, of one leg of this triangle?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 50cd2366 Answer

Correct Answer: B

Rationale

Choice B is correct. It's given that the right triangle is isosceles. In an isosceles right triangle, the two legs have equal
lengths, and the length of the hypotenuse is √2 times the length of one of the legs. Let 𝑙 represent the length, in inches, of
each leg of the isosceles right triangle. It follows that the length of the hypotenuse is 𝑙√2 inches. The perimeter of a figure
is the sum of the lengths of the sides of the figure. Therefore, the perimeter of the isosceles right triangle is 𝑙 + 𝑙 + 𝑙√2
inches. It's given that the perimeter of the triangle is 94 + 94√2 inches. It follows that 𝑙 + 𝑙 + 𝑙√2 = 94 + 94√2. Factoring the
left-hand side of this equation yields 1 + 1 + √2𝑙 = 94 + 94√2, or 2 + √2𝑙 = 94 + 94√2. Dividing both sides of this equation by
94 + 94√2
2 + √2 yields 𝑙 = 2 + √2
. Rationalizing the denominator of the right-hand side of this equation by multiplying the right-hand
2 - √2 94 + 94√22 - √2
side of the equation by 2 - √2
yields 𝑙 = 2 + √22 - √2
. Applying the distributive property to the numerator and to the
denominator of the right-hand side of this equation yields 𝑙 = 188 - 94√2 + 188√2 - 94√4
. This is equivalent to 𝑙 = 94√2
2
, or 𝑙 = 47√2.
4 - 2√2 + 2√2 - √4
Therefore, the length, in inches, of one leg of the isosceles right triangle is 47√2.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the length, in inches, of the hypotenuse.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 1dbbea6b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Right triangles and Hard

Trigonometry trigonometry

ID: 1dbbea6b

In the triangle shown, what is the value of ?

ID: 1dbbea6b Answer

Correct Answer: .6956, .6957, 16/23

Rationale

The correct answer is 16 .

23 In a right triangle, the sine of an acute angle is defined as the ratio of the length of the side
opposite the angle to the length of the hypotenuse. In the triangle shown, the length of the side opposite the angle with
measure 𝑥° is 16 units and the length of the hypotenuse is 23 units. Therefore, the value of sin𝑥° is 16
23 . Note that 16/23,
.6956, .6957, 0.695, and 0.696 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 13df6820
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Circles Hard

Trigonometry

ID: 13df6820

Circle A shown is defined by the equation . Circle B (not shown) has the same radius but is translated
units to the right. If the equation of circle B is , where , , and are constants, what is the
value of ?

ID: 13df6820 Answer

Correct Answer: 28

Rationale

The correct answer is 28. The equation of a circle in the xy-plane can be written as (𝑥 - 𝑡)2 + (𝑦 - 𝑠)2 = 𝑟2 , where the center
of the circle is (𝑡, 𝑠) and the radius of the circle is 𝑟. It’s given that circle A is defined by the equation 𝑥2 + (𝑦 - 6)2 = 7, which
2 2 2
can be written as (𝑥 - 0) + (𝑦 - 6) = √7 . It follows that 𝑟 = √7 and the radius of circle A is √7. It’s also given that circle B
has the same radius as circle A. If the equation of circle B is (𝑥 - ℎ)2 + (𝑦 - 𝑘)2 = 𝑎, then 𝑎 = 𝑟2 . Substituting √7 for 𝑟 in this
2
equation yields 𝑎 = √7 , or 𝑎 = 7. It follows that the value of 4𝑎 is 4(7), or 28.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 9a3b790e
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Lines, angles, and Hard

Trigonometry triangles

ID: 9a3b790e

In the figure, parallel lines and are intersected by lines and . If and , what is the value of ?

ID: 9a3b790e Answer

Correct Answer: 101/2, 50.5

Rationale

The correct answer is 101

2 . In the figure, lines 𝑞, 𝑟, and 𝑠 form a triangle. One interior angle of this triangle is vertical to the
angle marked 𝑎°; therefore, the interior angle also has measure 𝑎°. It's given that 𝑎 = 43. Therefore, the interior angle of
the triangle has measure 43°. A second interior angle of the triangle forms a straight line, 𝑞, with the angle marked 𝑏°.
Therefore, the sum of the measures of these two angles is 180°. It's given that 𝑏 = 122. Therefore, the angle marked 𝑏° has
measure 122° and the second interior angle of the triangle has measure 180 - 122°, or 58°. The sum of the interior angles
of a triangle is 180°. Therefore, the measure of the third interior angle of the triangle is 180 - 43 - 58°, or 79°. It's given that
parallel lines 𝑞 and 𝑡 are intersected by line 𝑟. It follows that the triangle's interior angle with measure 79° is congruent to
the same side interior angle between lines 𝑞 and 𝑡 formed by lines 𝑡 and 𝑟. Since this angle is supplementary to the two
angles marked 𝑤°, the sum of 79°, 𝑤°, and 𝑤° is 180°. It follows that 79 + 𝑤 + 𝑤 = 180, or 79 + 2𝑤 = 180. Subtracting 79
from both sides of this equation yields 2𝑤 = 101. Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 yields 𝑤 = 2 .
101
Note that 101/2
and 50.5 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID d3151792
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Lines, angles, and Hard

Trigonometry triangles

ID: d3151792

A line intersects two parallel lines, forming four acute angles and four obtuse angles. The measure of one of these eight
angles is . The sum of the measures of four of the eight angles is . Which of the following could NOT be
equivalent to , for all values of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: d3151792 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It’s given that a line intersects two parallel lines, forming four acute angles and four obtuse angles.
Since there are two parallel lines intersected by a transversal, all four acute angles have the same measure and all four
obtuse angles have the same measure. Additionally, each acute angle is supplementary to each obtuse angle. It’s given
that the measure of one of these eight angles is (7𝑥 - 250)°. It follows that a supplementary angle has measure
(180 - (7𝑥 - 250))°, or ( - 7𝑥 + 430)°. It’s also given that the sum of the measures of four of the eight angles is 𝑘°. It follows
that the possible values of 𝑘 are 4(7𝑥 - 250); (7𝑥 - 250) + 3( - 7𝑥 + 430); 2(7𝑥 - 250) + 2( - 7𝑥 + 430); 3(7𝑥 - 250) + ( - 7𝑥 + 430);
and 4( - 7𝑥 + 430). These values are equivalent to 28𝑥 - 1,000; -14𝑥 + 1,040; 360; 14𝑥 - 320; and -28𝑥 + 1,720, respectively. It
follows that of the given choices, only -14𝑥 + 1,540 could NOT be equivalent to 𝑘, for all values of 𝑥.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the sum of three angles with measure (7𝑥 - 250)° and one angle with measure ( - 7𝑥 + 430)°.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the sum of four angles with measure ( - 7𝑥 + 430)°.

Choice D is incorrect. This is the sum of two angles with measure (7𝑥 - 250)° and two angles with measure ( - 7𝑥 + 430)°.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 530b2e84
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Area and volume Hard

Trigonometry

ID: 530b2e84

What is the area, in square units, of the triangle formed by connecting the three points shown?

ID: 530b2e84 Answer

Correct Answer: 24.5, 49/2

Rationale

The correct answer is 24.5. It's given that a triangle is formed by connecting the three points shown, which are -3, 4, 5, 3,
and 4, - 3. Let this triangle be triangle A. The area of triangle A can be found by calculating the area of the rectangle that
circumscribes it and subtracting the areas of the three triangles that are inside the rectangle but outside triangle A. The
rectangle formed by the points -3, 4, 5, 4, 5, - 3, and -3, - 3 circumscribes triangle A. The width, in units, of this rectangle
can be found by calculating the distance between the points 5, 4 and 5, - 3. This distance is 4 - -3, or 7. The length, in units,
of this rectangle can be found by calculating the distance between the points 5, 4 and -3, 4. This distance is 5 - -3, or 8. It
follows that the area, in square units, of the rectangle is 78, or 56. One of the triangles that lies inside the rectangle but
outside triangle A is formed by the points -3, 4, 5, 4, and 5, 3. The length, in units, of a base of this triangle can be found by
calculating the distance between the points 5, 4 and 5, 3. This distance is 4 - 3, or 1. The corresponding height, in units, of
this triangle can be found by calculating the distance between the points 5, 4 and -3, 4. This distance is 5 - -3, or 8. It
follows that the area, in square units, of this triangle is 12 81, or 4. A second triangle that lies inside the rectangle but
outside triangle A is formed by the points 4, - 3, 5, 3, and 5, - 3. The length, in units, of a base of this triangle can be found
by calculating the distance between the points 5, 3 and 5, - 3. This distance is 3 - -3 , or 6. The corresponding height, in
units, of this triangle can be found by calculating the distance between the points 5, - 3 and 4, - 3. This distance is 5 - 4, or
1. It follows that the area, in square units, of this triangle is 12 16, or 3. The third triangle that lies inside the rectangle but
outside triangle A is formed by the points -3, 4, -3, - 3, and 4, - 3. The length, in units, of a base of this triangle can be
found by calculating the distance between the points 4, - 3 and -3, - 3. This distance is 4 - -3, or 7. The corresponding
height, in units, of this triangle can be found by calculating the distance between the points -3, 4 and -3, - 3. This distance
is 4 - -3, or 7. It follows that the area, in square units, of this triangle is 12 77, or 24.5. Thus, the area, in square units, of the
triangle formed by connecting the three points shown is 56 - 4 - 3 - 24.5, or 24.5. Note that 24.5 and 49/2 are examples of
ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID e901bf6d
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Area and volume Hard

Trigonometry

ID: e901bf6d

Parallelogram is similar to parallelogram . The length of each side of parallelogram is times

the length of its corresponding side of parallelogram . The area of parallelogram is square
centimeters. What is the area, in square centimeters, of parallelogram ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: e901bf6d Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. It’s given that parallelogram 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is similar to parallelogram 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆. When two parallelograms are
similar, if the scale factor between their corresponding side lengths is 𝑘, the scale factor between their areas is 𝑘2 . It’s
given that the length of each side of parallelogram 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆 is 2 times the length of its corresponding side of parallelogram
𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷, so the scale factor between their corresponding side lengths is 2. It follows that the scale factor between their

areas is 22 , or 4. It’s given that the area, in square centimeters, of parallelogram 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is 5. It follows that the area, in
square centimeters, of parallelogram 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆 is 5(4), or 20.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID b2aa5d73
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Circles Hard

Trigonometry

ID: b2aa5d73

A circle in the xy-plane has its center at and has a radius of . An equation of this circle is
, where , , and are constants. What is the value of ?

ID: b2aa5d73 Answer

Correct Answer: -52

Rationale

The correct answer is -52. The equation of a circle in the xy-plane with its center at ℎ, 𝑘 and a radius of 𝑟 can be written in
the form 𝑥 - ℎ2 + 𝑦 - 𝑘2 = 𝑟2 . It's given that a circle in the xy-plane has its center at -5, 2 and has a radius of 9. Substituting
-5 for ℎ, 2 for 𝑘, and 9 for 𝑟 in the equation 𝑥 - ℎ2 + 𝑦 - 𝑘2 = 𝑟2 yields 𝑥 - -52 + 𝑦 - 22 = 92 , or 𝑥 + 52 + 𝑦 - 22 = 81. It's also given
that an equation of this circle is 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0, where 𝑎, 𝑏, and 𝑐 are constants. Therefore, 𝑥 + 52 + 𝑦 - 22 = 81 can
2
be rewritten in the form 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0. The equation 𝑥 + 5 + 𝑦 - 22 = 81, or 𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 5 + 𝑦 - 2𝑦 - 2 = 81, can be
rewritten as 𝑥2 + 5𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 25 + 𝑦2 - 2𝑦 - 2𝑦 + 4 = 81. Combining like terms on the left-hand side of this equation yields
2
𝑥 + 𝑦2 + 10𝑥 - 4𝑦 + 29 = 81. Subtracting 81 from both sides of this equation yields 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 + 10𝑥 - 4𝑦 - 52 = 0, which is
equivalent to 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 + 10𝑥 + -4𝑦 + -52 = 0. This equation is in the form 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0. Therefore, the value of 𝑐 is
-52.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID acb49e4b
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Right triangles and Hard

Trigonometry trigonometry

ID: acb49e4b

The side lengths of right triangle are given. Triangle is similar to triangle , where corresponds to
and corresponds to . What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: acb49e4b Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. The hypotenuse of triangle 𝑅𝑆𝑇 is the longest side and is across from the right angle. The longest
side length given is 584, which is the length of side 𝑇𝑅. Therefore, the hypotenuse of triangle 𝑅𝑆𝑇 is side 𝑇𝑅, so the right
angle is angle 𝑆. The tangent of an acute angle in a right triangle is the ratio of the length of the opposite side, which is
the side across from the angle, to the length of the adjacent side, which is the side closest to the angle that is not the
hypotenuse. It follows that the opposite side of angle 𝑇 is side 𝑅𝑆 and the adjacent side of angle 𝑇 is side 𝑆𝑇. Therefore,
tan𝑇 = . Substituting 440 for 𝑅𝑆 and 384 for 𝑆𝑇 in this equation yields tan𝑇 = 440
𝑅𝑆
𝑆𝑇 384
. This is equivalent to tan𝑇 = 55
48
. It’s given
that triangle 𝑅𝑆𝑇 is similar to triangle 𝑈𝑉𝑊, where 𝑆 corresponds to 𝑉 and 𝑇 corresponds to 𝑊. It follows that 𝑅
corresponds to 𝑈. Therefore, the hypotenuse of triangle 𝑈𝑉𝑊 is side 𝑊𝑈, which means tan𝑊 = 𝑈𝑉
𝑉𝑊
. Since the lengths of
corresponding sides of similar triangles are proportional, 𝑅𝑆
𝑆𝑇
= 𝑈𝑉
𝑉𝑊
. Therefore, tan𝑊 = 𝑉𝑊
𝑈𝑉
is equivalent to tan𝑊 = 𝑅𝑆
𝑆𝑇
, or
tan𝑊 = tan𝑇. Thus, tan𝑊 = 55
48
.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the value of cos𝑊, not tan𝑊.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the value of sin𝑊, not tan𝑊.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the value of tan𝑊 ,

1 not tan𝑊.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 67ee23b4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Right triangles and Hard

Trigonometry trigonometry

ID: 67ee23b4

The perimeter of an isosceles right triangle is inches. What is the length, in inches, of the hypotenuse of this
triangle?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 67ee23b4 Answer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale

Choice C is correct. The perimeter of a triangle is the sum of the lengths of its sides. Since the given triangle is an
isosceles right triangle, the length of each leg is the same and the length of the hypotenuse is equal to √2 times the
length of a leg. Let 𝑥 represent the length, in inches, of a leg of this isosceles right triangle. Therefore, the perimeter, in
inches, of the triangle is 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥√2, or 2𝑥 + 𝑥√2, which is equivalent to 𝑥(2 + √2). It's given that the perimeter of this
18 + 18√2
triangle is 18 + 18√2 inches. Thus, 𝑥2 + √2 = 18 + 18√2. Dividing both sides of this equation by 2 + √2 yields 𝑥 = 2 + √2
.
2 - √2 36 + 36√2 - 18√2 - 36
Multiplying the right-hand side of this equation by 2 - √2
yields 𝑥 = 2 , or 𝑥 = 9√2. It follows that the length, in
inches, of a leg of this isosceles right triangle is 9√2. Therefore, the length, in inches, of the hypotenuse of this isosceles
right triangle is 9√2√2, or 18.

Choice A is incorrect. If this were the length of the hypotenuse, the perimeter would be 9 + 9√2 inches.

Choice B is incorrect. This is the length, in inches, of a leg of this triangle, not the hypotenuse.

Choice D is incorrect. If this were the length of the hypotenuse, the perimeter would be 36 + 18√2 inches.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 188370ca
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Right triangles and Hard

Trigonometry trigonometry

ID: 188370ca

For two acute angles, and , . The measures, in degrees, of and are and
, respectively. What is the value of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 188370ca Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. It's given that for two acute angles, ∠𝑄 and ∠𝑅, cos(𝑄) = sin(𝑅). For two acute angles, if the sine of
one angle is equal to the cosine of the other angle, the angles are complementary. It follows that ∠𝑄 and ∠𝑅 are
complementary. That is, the sum of the measures of the angles is 90 degrees. It's given that the measure of ∠𝑄 is 𝑥 + 61
degrees and the measure of ∠𝑅 is 4𝑥 + 4 degrees. It follows that (𝑥 + 61) + (4𝑥 + 4) = 90. By combining like terms, this
equation can be rewritten as 5𝑥 + 65 = 90. Subtracting 65 from each side of this equation yields 5𝑥 = 25. Dividing each
side of this equation by 5 yields 𝑥 = 5.

Choice B is incorrect. This would be the value of 𝑥 if cos(𝑄) = cos(𝑅) rather than cos(𝑄) = sin(𝑅).

Choice C is incorrect. This would be the value of 𝑥 if cos(𝑄) = - cos(𝑅) rather than cos(𝑄) = sin(𝑅) and if ∠𝑅 were obtuse
rather than acute.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 307d7ae0
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Right triangles and Hard

Trigonometry trigonometry

ID: 307d7ae0

Triangle is similar to triangle , where angle corresponds to angle and angle corresponds to angle .
Angles and are right angles. If , what is the value of ?

ID: 307d7ae0 Answer

Correct Answer: .14, 7/50

Rationale

The correct answer is 50

7 . It's given that triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 is similar to triangle 𝐷𝐸𝐹, where angle 𝐴 corresponds to angle 𝐷

and angle 𝐶 corresponds to angle 𝐹. In similar triangles, the tangents of corresponding angles are equal. Since angle 𝐴
and angle 𝐷 are corresponding angles, if tan𝐴 = 50 ,
7 then tan𝐷 = 50 .
7 It's also given that angles 𝐶 and 𝐹 are right angles. It
follows that triangle 𝐷𝐸𝐹 is a right triangle with acute angles 𝐷 and 𝐸. The tangent of one acute angle in a right triangle
is the inverse of the tangent of the other acute angle in the triangle. Therefore, tan𝐸 = tan1 . Substituting 50
7 for tan𝐷 in this
𝐷

equation yields tan𝐸 = 1 ,

50
or tan𝐸 = 7.
50
Thus, if tan𝐴 = 50 ,
7 the value of tan𝐸 is 7.
50
Note that 7/50 and .14 are examples of
7
ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID aac770b4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Lines, angles, and Hard

Trigonometry triangles

ID: aac770b4

In triangles and , angles and each have measure , , and . Which additional
piece of information is sufficient to prove that triangle is similar to triangle ?

A. and

B. and

C. The measures of angles and are and , respectively.

D. The measures of angles and are and , respectively.

ID: aac770b4 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Two triangles are similar if they have three pairs of congruent corresponding angles. It’s given that
angles 𝐿 and 𝑅 each measure 60°, and so these corresponding angles are congruent. If angle 𝑀 is 70°, then angle 𝑁
must be 50° so that the sum of the angles in triangle 𝐿𝑀𝑁 is 180°. If angle 𝑇 is 50°, then angle 𝑆 must be 70° so that the
sum of the angles in triangle 𝑅𝑆𝑇 is 180°. Therefore, if the measures of angles 𝑀 and 𝑇 are 70° and 50°, respectively, then
corresponding angles 𝑀 and 𝑆 are both 70°, and corresponding angles 𝑁 and 𝑇 are both 50°. It follows that triangles
𝐿𝑀𝑁 and 𝑅𝑆𝑇 have three pairs of congruent corresponding angles, and so the triangles are similar. Therefore, the
additional piece of information that is sufficient to prove that triangle 𝐿𝑀𝑁 is similar to triangle 𝑅𝑆𝑇 is that the
measures of angles 𝑀 and 𝑇 are 70° and 50°, respectively.

Choice A is incorrect. If the measures of two sides in one triangle are proportional to the corresponding sides in another
triangle and the included angles are congruent, then the triangles are similar. However, the two sides given are not
proportional and the angle given is not included by the given sides.

Choice B is incorrect. If the measures of two sides in one triangle are proportional to the corresponding sides in another
triangle and the included angles are congruent, then the triangles are similar. However, the angle given is not included
between the proportional sides.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 9ca6e7b4
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Circles Hard

Trigonometry

ID: 9ca6e7b4

A circle has center , and points and lie on the circle. The measure of arc is and the length of arc is
inches. What is the circumference, in inches, of the circle?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 9ca6e7b4 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. It’s given that the measure of arc 𝐴𝐵 is 45° and the length of arc 𝐴𝐵 is 3 inches. The arc measure of
the full circle is 360°. If 𝑥 represents the circumference, in inches, of the circle, it follows that 360°
45° = 3 inches . This equation
𝑥 inches
is equivalent to 36045 = 3 , or 1 = 3 . Multiplying both sides of this equation by 8𝑥 yields 1(𝑥) = 3(8), or 𝑥 = 24. Therefore, the
𝑥 8𝑥

circumference of the circle is 24 inches.

Choice A is incorrect. This is the length of arc 𝐴𝐵.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from multiplying the length of arc 𝐴𝐵 by 2.

Choice C is incorrect and may result from squaring the length of arc 𝐴𝐵.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 034aa7ae
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Lines, angles, and Hard

Trigonometry triangles

ID: 034aa7ae

In the figure shown, points , , , and lie on line segment , and line segment intersects line segment at
point . The measure of is , the measure of is , the measure of is , and the
measure of is . What is the measure, in degrees, of ?

ID: 034aa7ae Answer

Correct Answer: 123

Rationale

The correct answer is 123. The triangle angle sum theorem states that the sum of the measures of the interior angles of a
triangle is 180 degrees. It's given that the measure of ∠𝑆𝑄𝑋 is 48° and the measure of ∠𝑆𝑋𝑄 is 86°. Since points 𝑆, 𝑄,
and 𝑋 form a triangle, it follows from the triangle angle sum theorem that the measure, in degrees, of ∠𝑄𝑆𝑋 is
180 - 48 - 86, or 46. It's also given that the measure of ∠𝑆𝑊𝑈 is 85°. Since ∠𝑆𝑊𝑈 and ∠𝑆𝑊𝑅 are supplementary angles,
the sum of their measures is 180 degrees. It follows that the measure, in degrees, of ∠𝑆𝑊𝑅 is 180 - 85, or 95. Since points
, , and 𝑊 form a triangle, and ∠𝑅𝑆𝑊 is the same angle as ∠𝑄𝑆𝑋, it follows from the triangle angle sum theorem that
𝑅 𝑆

the measure, in degrees, of ∠𝑊𝑅𝑆 is 180 - 46 - 95, or 39. It's given that the measure of ∠𝑉𝑇𝑈 is 162°. Since ∠𝑉𝑇𝑈 and
∠𝑆𝑇𝑈 are supplementary angles, the sum of their measures is 180 degrees. It follows that the measure, in degrees, of
∠𝑆𝑇𝑈 is 180 - 162, or 18. Since points 𝑅, 𝑇, and 𝑈 form a triangle, and ∠𝑈𝑅𝑇 is the same angle as ∠𝑊𝑅𝑆, it follows from
the triangle angle sum theorem that the measure, in degrees, of ∠𝑇𝑈𝑅 is 180 - 39 - 18, or 123.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 8235af09
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Area and volume Hard

Trigonometry

ID: 8235af09

Triangles and are similar. Each side length of triangle is times the corresponding side length of
triangle . The area of triangle is square inches. What is the area, in square inches, of triangle ?

ID: 8235af09 Answer

Correct Answer: 135/8, 16.87, 16.88

Rationale

The correct answer is 135

8 . It's given that triangles ABC and DEF are similar and each side length of triangle ABC is 4
times the corresponding side length of triangle DEF. For two similar triangles, if each side length of the first triangle is 𝑘
times the corresponding side length of the second triangle, then the area of the first triangle is 𝑘2 times the area of the
second triangle. Therefore, the area of triangle ABC is 42 , or 16, times the area of triangle DEF. It's given that the area of
triangle ABC is 270 square inches. Let 𝑎 represent the area, in square inches, of triangle DEF. It follows that 270 is 16
times 𝑎, or 270 = 16𝑎. Dividing both sides of this equation by 16 yields 270
16
= 𝑎, which is equivalent to 135
8 = 𝑎. Thus, the area,
in square inches, of triangle DEF is 135 .
8 Note that 135/8, 16.87, and 16.88 are examples of ways to enter a correct answer.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 494cbff8
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Lines, angles, and Hard

Trigonometry triangles

ID: 494cbff8

Quadrilaterals and are similar, where , , and correspond to , , and , respectively. The
measure of is , , and . What is the measure of ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 494cbff8 Answer

Correct Answer: D

Rationale

Choice D is correct. Corresponding angles in similar figures have equal measure. It's given that quadrilaterals 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆 and
𝑊𝑋𝑌𝑍 are similar and that 𝑃, 𝑄, and 𝑅 correspond to 𝑊, 𝑋, and 𝑌. It follows that ∠𝑆 corresponds to ∠𝑍. It's also given
that the measure of ∠𝑆 is 135°. Therefore, the measure of ∠𝑍 is 135°.

Choice A is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the supplement of the measure of ∠𝑍, not the measure of ∠𝑍.

Question Difficulty: Hard

Question ID 55b41004
Assessment Test Domain Skill Difficulty

SAT Math Geometry and Circles Hard

Trigonometry

ID: 55b41004

A circle in the xy-plane has its center at . Line is tangent to this circle at the point . What is the
slope of line ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

ID: 55b41004 Answer

Correct Answer: A

Rationale

Choice A is correct. A line that's tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius of the circle at the point of tangency. It's
given that the circle has its center at -4, - 6 and line 𝑘 is tangent to the circle at the point -7, - 7. The slope of a radius
defined by the points 𝑞, 𝑟 and 𝑠, 𝑡 can be calculated as -- . The points -7, - 7 and -4, - 6 define the radius of the circle at the
𝑡
𝑠
𝑟
𝑞

point of tangency. Therefore, the slope of this radius can be calculated as -6 - -7 ,

-4 - -7 or 13 . If a line and a radius are
perpendicular, the slope of the line must be the negative reciprocal of the slope of the radius. The negative reciprocal of 1
3
is -3. Thus, the slope of line 𝑘 is -3.

Choice B is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Choice C is incorrect. This is the slope of the radius of the circle at the point of tangency, not the slope of line 𝑘.

Choice D is incorrect and may result from conceptual or calculation errors.

Question Difficulty: Hard