Installation of CNG
Installation of CNG
WORK PRESENTATION
INSTALLATION OF GNV EQUIPMENT
COCHABAMBA-BOLIVIA
INDEX
INTRODUCTION
GENERALITIES
2) PRACTICAL FRAMEWORK
3) STATEMENT OF A PROBLEM
HYPOTHESIS
OBJECTIVES
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
JUSTIFICATION
SOLUTION
conclusions
5) BIBLIOGRAPHY
1.- INDICATIVE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
INTRODUCTION
Natural gas is produced over millions of years, beneath
from the Earth's crust and is extracted, generally, by means of
the drillings carried out for the extraction of oil.
In transport, it represents one of the most viable alternatives.
as fuel to combat the increasingly serious problem
of air pollution, since, due to its properties
physical processes produce products that are much less harmful to the environment
environment.
GENERALITIES
Methane or CNG (compressed natural gas) used as
fuel for motor vehicles
It presents a series of properties that make it especially
suitable for its use as fuel in engines of
vehicles and all kinds of machinery
it has a lower density than air, so in case of a leak,
dissipates into the atmosphere
It is stored at 200 bars of pressure in gaseous state, for which
which gives vehicles limited autonomy
CNG Deposit:
This cylinder or tank stores 200 bar of pressure, this for its installation.
It could be located both inside and outside the vehicle's cabin.
These cylinders are made of manganese steel or low alloy steel.
alloy (of chromium, nickel, or molybdenum, or also made with aluminum
layered with a composite cover.
Manufactured under IRAM Standard No. 2526 and others or similar (NZS 5454, ISO 4705, BS,
DOT) in case of being imported. They withstand a pressure of 300 bar during testing.
reaching a burst pressure of 900 bar. Approved state for use by
a period of 5 years, once completed it is necessary to carry out a new one
certification (hydraulic test) in certified laboratories for this purpose. They comply
with the requirements established by the National Gas Regulatory Entity (ENARGAS). The capacities
the most common are: 30, 40, 50, 60 liters. The maximum capacity of the cylinders for
GNC for our country will be 450 liters. These are covered with epoxy paint.
yellow color to protect them from oxidation. They are available in the Argentine market.
Russian-made cylinders made of steel and fiberglass with a capacity of 35 L.
American origin carbon fiber and Kevlar with a capacity of 60 liters. Both.
they have the advantage of being very lightweight compared to the cylinders made in
steel without failing to meet the requirements of the standards.
The cylinders will be stamped with:
Homologation code
Manufacturing date
Capacity
hydraulics
(volume)
Weight
Pressure of
test (300
bar)
Pressure of
work (200 bar)
* Number of
series
Origin
Manufacturer
* Standard of
manufacturing
Those who
are carried out
futures
reviews
(test
hydraulics
* Date of
hydraulic test
Center of Reproval
Solenoid valve of the tank:
This opens the gas supply when the mode is selected.
gas
External filling valve:
He is responsible for measuring the existing pressure in the
container cylinder and therefore also the level of
charge of it. It has an electronic device
that sends the signal to the switch key inside
of the vehicle's cabin, to indicate by means of
LEDs (light-emitting diodes), the charge status of the cylinder
We will describe the operation of the system following the path of Natural Gas.
Compressed from its loading to its combustion in the engine.
The gas is introduced into the circuit through the internal (or external) charging nozzle.
it had) a pressure of 200 Atm., which can be checked on the manometer
that is located immediately after the peak. Then it passes through the valve.
of load, which allows cutting off the gas input or output if necessary, in
manually. From there, the CNG is carried by a high-pressure pipe to the o
the storage cylinders. These cylinders of different diameters and lengths,
depending on the amount of gas to be stored, it has an inlet valve for
cylinder or service that allows closing the gas inlet or outlet, also in shape
manual. The cylinders are installed in special cradles that are fixed to the chassis.
according to the placement of the cylinders (in the trunk, under chassis, in box of
charge, etc.). From the service valve, the gas is directed through the same high-pressure pipe.
pressure described above, to the charging valve again, and from there to the regulator of
pressure.
In the regulator, the gas reduces its pressure from 200 Atm. to the working pressure.
which is between 0.3 to 0.5 Atm. This sudden decompression causes the gas
loses temperature reaching that of freezing, which makes it
it is necessary to heat it using a diversion from the cooling system of the
motor. Then, the already decompressed gas circulates through a rubber and cloth pipe.
up to the mixer or the dispensing nozzle, passing first through a limiting valve
of flow or maximum valve.
The mixer is installed in the duct that goes from the air filter to the
carburetor, or between the carburetor and the intake manifold. In vehicles with
electronic injection, it is installed in the duct that goes from the filter of
air to the butterfly of the injector assembly, or between the butterfly and the manifold
admission. In the case of the dosing nozzle, it is installed by making a drilling
in the body of the carburetor. Another element to install is the switch key that
is located in the vehicle's compartment within reach of the driver and serves to
select the type of fuel you want to use. This account also has a
storage cylinder load level indicator.
Since the vehicle, when running on CNG, requires an advance to
greater ignition than with gasoline, an electronic variator or corrector is placed
advance that automatically corrects these values according to the fuel that is this
using. In vehicles with electronic injection, in addition to the mixer already
It is indicated that other elements should be added, such as injector emulators.
single point or multipoint, lambda sensor emulator, advance corrector, etc.
General installation characteristics:
The pressure regulator is ideally installed on one of the sides of the opening.
motor, in such a way that its front plane is in a vertical position and parallel to the axis
longitudinal of the vehicle. This is so that the action of the air in the forward movement of
the vehicle must not come into contact with the membrane of the third stage, which must be exposed
to the atmospheric pressure on its outer face, and that the effect of inertia on the action
braking and acceleration of the vehicle, do not act on it, to achieve the
correct regulation of the output pressure
We must also take into account the following parameters:
It must be no less than 60 mm from the exhaust system.
Must be no less than 40 mm from the battery
It must be no less than 150 mm from the front or rear line of the vehicle.
as appropriate.
The hose that connects the regulator to the intake should be as short as possible.
possible, to ensure a proper depression throughout its path.
It should be noted that the height of the regulator should not exceed the level of
radiator or the expansion tank so that there is always circulation of
water.
Charge valve
It should be installed as close as possible to the pressure regulator and at the highest point.
for easy access in case it needs to be operated. The gas pipes that
they link the charge valve with the other elements that must be provided with their
respective anti-vibration rollers.
Manometer
The manometer is mounted on the regulator, in a 'T' arranged for this purpose.
It is usually installed next to the charging valve. It should be placed in such a way
that its reading is absolutely easy and comfortable, fundamentally during the
loading operation.
Cylinder or service valve
It is installed by screwing it onto the outlet of the storage cylinder. Previously, it...
You should apply approximately 20 turns of Teflon tape and anaerobic sealant.
The adjustment of this valve must be made before placing the cylinder in the
vehicle.
For a correct assembly, the cylinder must be placed on an external bed that it
Tighten firmly to give it a torque of 15 Kg using a torque wrench.
This record is used in vehicles with dual throat carburetors. The screws
They are regulated according to each carburetor throat.
It is used in cases of progressive opening carburetors.
Double maximum record with simple regulation
This record is also used in carburetors with two openings but of opening
simultaneous as it has a single regulator for both.
Installation
The installation common to all types of records is done by interleaving it.
through its connection with clamps, in the hose that connects the regulator with
the mixer or the dosing nozzle, in the so-called low pressure circuit. Inside
of the possibilities, it should be placed no more than 200 mm away from
the output of the regulator.
Mixer
This element is installed between the air filter and the vehicle's intake manifold.
varying its specific location depending on each model.
For example, figure 3.9.1 corresponds to the mixer for a vehicle model.
Renault Kangoo, and it has been specially developed since this engine tends to
to produce back explosions when the indicated maintenance is not carried out
in the manufacturer's installation manual. In figure 3.9.2, the gas inlet is shown.
in a fuel injection engine, which is located between the throttle body and the housing
corresponding to the air filter. The relative position is shown schematically.
of the mixer in the indicated duct.
Dosage pipette
It is installed in the body of the carburetor by making a hole in it.
threaded to match the thread of the injector to be installed.
This can be 10, 12, or 14 mm, depending on the engine displacement and type of
carburetor. The position of this threaded hole must comply with the following
conditions:
The axis of the hole must be in a horizontal plane and pass through the axis.
longitudinal (center) of the Venturi.
The dosing nozzle must be installed in such a way that:
The end of the dispenser must be aligned with the longitudinal axis of the Venturi with
a tolerance of ±0.5 mm.
The 45º cut at the end of the dispenser must have the bevel facing
downwards, in order to facilitate the passage of gas to the intake manifold.
Once the dispenser is positioned correctly, it is secured.
same through the anchoring nut.
Container cylinder
The container cylinders must remain within the volume of the vehicle.
ensuring they are safeguarded even in the event of an accident.
Typical installation locations are:
In the empty trunk in sedans
Behind the back seat in the station wagon
In cargo boxes or underfloor in commercial vehicles.
The service valve must be in a position that allows for easy access.
access to it.
The cylinders must be installed on specially designed cradles.
for such purpose.
The cradles must be fixed to the chassis and/or to the vehicle body,
reinforcing the anchors if necessary, to prevent
deformations in the structure of the vehicle (floor, body, etc.).
The installation of the cylinder on the supports is done by interspersing between
they join rubber, in order to prevent its deterioration. For the same
The anchoring straps must have a plastic protection.
In the case of the cylinders mounted under the vehicle floor, the valve
it must always be oriented backward from it, and have a clearance of
floor no less than 225 mm.
The cylinders mounted inside the vehicle's trunk must be as close as possible.
as far away as possible from the rear hit.
The supports are made of steel, welded and painted with anti-rust.
matte black.
Any modification that is necessary to carry out, such as cutting, welding, etc.
it must be painted with matte black anti-rust.
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS CHARACTERISTICS AND INSTALLATION
The electronic modules should be installed vertically, away from the cables.
of high voltage and excessive heat sources, and protected from leaks and
water splashes. Like all electronic elements that
when installing in a vehicle during the conversion to CNG, it is necessary to take the precaution of
that the connections are made very securely to eliminate the
possibility of failures that may appear over time due to vibrations
and other reasons.
STATEMENT OF A PROBLEM:
Detection and loss by the SOLENOID VALVE (tank full, empty indicator)
PRACTICAL PART OF THE PROBLEM:
The gasoline solenoid valve has the function of interrupting the passage of gasoline.
coming from the gas tank in its circulation to the carburetor of
vehicle.
It is deduced that it will then be used in vehicles with carburetors.
According to their configuration, they are manufactured in two or three ways, the latter being
used to allow the gasoline flow to the carburetor to be cut off, this recirculates
towards the gas tank.
Being an electromechanical component; it has a coil, which when excited
when the switch key is in the Gas position it closes the passage of
gasoline to the carburetor.
In case there is any issue with the electrical system, the solenoid valve of
gasoline is equipped with a manual control that allows, when operated, to take
the vehicle to its original position, being able to operate normally with gasoline and
allowing the free passage of gasoline from the pump to the carburetor.
Due to its electrical consumption, a 10 Amp fuse should be installed on the switch.
switchboard.
The indications of the failure according to the client are:
Vehicle:
Chevrolet Corsa Classic 2007, 1.6 8v
- Regulator "REG" R89E by OMVL
DIEL gauge model MB
Chip POWER X FULL (advance corrector, multipoint emulator, emulator
lambda)
and what I assume is a solenoid, located at the outlet of the CNG tank
with the following data: 12 ohms, 1 ampere, 12 VDC (I suppose it means 12
DC voltage), 12W, brand B&H (Bustamante and son)
Tests:
I checked all the cables. None have wear that could lead to grounding.
The solenoid that is in the regulator acts
The manometer always reads the correct gas pressure in the tank.
The interior display (the one that indicates charge level) is correctly connected and
no loose or loose cables in the connector
I re-soldered all the electronic component connectors after blowing them off.
with compressed air
The one I believe is a solenoid ("electrovalve with the following data: 12
ohm, 1 ampere, 12 VDC.) when I touched it it was SUPER HOT, When
I disconnected this "solenoid" (electromagnetic valve) regulator, but when starting it up.
the failure occurs immediately.
With that information, the indications of the failure according to the customer are:
Vehicle:
Chevrolet Corsa Classic 2007, 1.6 8v
Regulator 'REG' R89E by OMVL
DIEL model MB manometer
- Chip POWER X FULL (advance corrector, multipoint emulator, emulator)
lambda)
and what I suppose is a solenoid, located at the outlet of the CNG tank
with the following data: 12 ohms, 1 ampere, 12 VDC (I assume it means 12
DC voltage, 12W, brand B&H (Bustamante and son)
Symptom in the vehicle:
The tank is full, upon starting I accelerate, switch to gas, I start to drive, until
Everything is fine here. After walking about 5 blocks, the indicator...
It turns red as if indicating that it ran out of gas and, obviously, if I don't pass it to
gasoline, it goes out.
Tests:
I checked all the cables. None have any fraying that could lead to a short circuit.
The solenoid that is in the regulator acts
The manometer always shows the correct gas pressure in the tank.
The interior display (the one that indicates the charge level) is correctly connected and
without loose or dangling cables in the plug
I re-soldered all the electronic component connectors after soldering.
with compressed air
The one I think is a solenoid ("electrovalve with the following data: 12
ohm, 1 ampere, 12 VDC.") when I touched it was SUPER HOT, When
I disconnected this "solenoid" (electric valve) regulates but when starting the engine
the failure occurs immediately.
I started with the verification tests:
First, some clarifications:
EV: Electromagnetic valve.
Automatic mode: The EV opens or closes according to the signal of the
switchboard.
Manual mode: The EV is always open, regardless.
from the signal of the switchboard.
If air comes out and 12V do not reach the EV, go back to step 3).
If no air comes out and 12V doesn't reach the EV, everything is fine.
If air is coming out and 12V is not reaching the EV, I returned to step 3).
If no air comes out and 12V does not reach the EV, everything is OK.
If no air comes out and 12V does not reach the EV, is there any
problem in the wiring or the switch is messed up.
If air comes out and 12V reaches the EV, everything is fine.
8. Repeat 5)
9. You repeat 6)
Note: When you put the car in contact, the switch only injects gas for a few
seconds. You will have to ask someone to put the car in contact.
while you have your head in the engine.
Gas EV
1. You disconnect (on the reducer side) the hose that goes from the
carburetor reducer.
2. You put the switch in neutral and turn the car on.
If gas comes out and 12V reaches the EV, is there a problem?
The wiring is messed up or the switch is broken.
If gas comes out and 12V does not reach the EV, the EV is messed up.
If no gas comes out and 12V does not reach the EV, everything is fine.
you take out the contact.
3. You turn the switch to gasoline and turn the car on.
If gas escapes and 12V reaches the EV, is there a problem?
the wiring is messed up or the switch is broken.
If gas comes out and 12V does not reach the EV, the EV is screwed.
If no gas comes out and 12V do not reach the EV, everything is okay.
you take out the contact.
4. You turn on the gas switch and put the car in the ignition.
If no gas comes out and 12V is not reaching the EV, is there any
problem with the connection or the switch is broken.
If gas is coming out and 12V is not reaching the EV, the EV is messed up.
If gas comes out and 12V reaches the EV, everything is fine. You take out the
contact.
5. You repeat 3)
6. You repeat 4)
Now you also know if the gas EV is running or not, and you should know what
component is failing.
Possible faults and their solutions
Fault: The gas EV is messed up and no gas is coming out even though it gets 12V.
Solution: There is none. You cannot run on gas, but you can on gasoline.
Fault: The gas EV is broken and gas is coming out even though it doesn't get 12V.
Solution: You can run on gas, but to run on gasoline you have to turn off the valve.
by the way, it is at the peak where gas is loaded. To be able to walk again.
Gas, first you have to open the shut-off valve.
The gasoline EV is messed up and it doesn't produce gasoline even if it gets 12V.
Solution: You can run on gas, but to run on petrol you have to put in the EV of
manual mode for caffeine. To be able to run on gas again, you have to first set the
Gasoline car in automatic mode.
Failure: The gasoline EV is messed up and it produces gasoline even if it doesn't receive 12V (in mode
automatic).
Solution: you can run on gasoline, but to run on gas you have to cover the
fuel hose with "something". It is not recommended.
Fault: The switch is messed up.
Solution: You disconnect the plug from the switch and the EV. You take a cable from
the positive of the battery to the terminal of the EV of the fuel you want to use.
It is very important to secure the cable well so that it does not come loose.
HYPOTHESIS:
Poor pressure regulation that the valve can withstand
SOLUTION:
The equipment was also reassembled by following the standard installation steps:
Installation of the Gasoline Solenoid Valve
1) Install the gasoline solenoid valve in the direction indicated on the body of the
same.
It is installed between the carburetor and the fuel pump after the filter.
combustible.
It is mounted in such a way that the entry and exit of gasoline goes in one direction.
horizontal.
4) Firmly attach to the vehicle's body, and not to elements it has.
relative movements such as air filter, alternator mounts, etc.
It must have easy access to the manual opening command for the fuel passage.
6) Replace the existing hose if it is damaged or aged.
product of the passage of time.
7) Install, allowing the gasoline hose to have a route that avoids
pass through high tension areas or electrical elements where a potential
Gasoline leakage could cause a fire.
8) It should not be near vehicle impact areas.
9) Ensure the sealing of the system with clamps.
conclusions
All the explained information along with the obtained information gives us all those possible failures.
and maintenance solutions that we can carry out on the vehicle taking into
general terms, suitable to the operating standards
which are already determined both by the manufacturers of gas equipment
vehicular and regulated in the installation of these by the technical law that governs each
region or state.
In conclusion, this report informs us about the basic steps in case of failure.
from the solenoid valve.
5.- BIBLIOGRAPHY:
INSTALLATION MANUAL FOR CNG EQUIPMENT FOR
AUTOMOTORS, PDF(The provided text is a URL and does not contain translatable content.
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9299695476867623814/16288377582953010061/0B_vOBUOWJUU
gU0dTeWh2dlVqVEU?e=download&nonce=emdh4lb80hn56&user=1
6288377582953010061&hash=n9ol5mkt8qk2udqv5bj0lss89tbav5i9)
GOOGLE SEARCH
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SOLENOID VALVE TESTS
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DEBATE FORUM
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