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Journey of Life Selected Poems of Daisaku Ikeda 1st
Edition Daisaku Ikeda Digital Instant Download
Author(s): Daisaku Ikeda
ISBN(s): 9780857735621, 0857735624
Edition: 1
File Details: PDF, 1.25 MB
Year: 2014
Language: english
About the author

Daisaku Ikeda was born in Tokyo, Japan, on January 2,

1928, to a family of seaweed farmers. He lived through the
devastation of World War II as a teenager and witnessed its
senseless horror, which left an indelible mark on his life.
His four older brothers were drafted into military service,
and the eldest was killed in action. These experiences fueled
his lifelong quest and passion to work for peace and people’s
happiness, rooting out the fundamental causes of human
conflict.
In 1947, at the age of nineteen, he met Josei Toda,
educator and leader of the Soka Gakkai lay Buddhist
society, whose activities are based on the teachings of the
thirteenth-century Buddhist reformer Nichiren. Ikeda found
Toda to be a man of conviction with a gift for explaining
profound Buddhist concepts in logical, accessible terms.
Challenging poverty and ill health, he continued his
education under the tutelage of Toda, who became his
mentor in life.
In May 1960, two years after Toda’s death, Ikeda, then
thirty-two, succeeded him as president of the Soka Gakkai.
He dedicated himself to encouraging the group’s members
in the process of personal transformation and societal
contribution. Under his leadership, the movement began
an era of innovation and expansion, fostering individuals
committed to the promotion of peace, culture and
education. In 1975, Ikeda became the first president of the
Soka Gakkai International (SGI), now a global network
linking some twelve million members in over 190 countries
and territories.
Ikeda is a prolific author of some 100 works ranging from
discourses on Buddhism to children’s books, poetry and
essays. He was named Poet Laureate by the World Academy
of Arts and Culture in 1981, and an English-language
volume of his antiwar poems, Fighting for Peace, was a
finalist in the US-based Publishers Marketing Associ­ation’s
2005 Benjamin Franklin Awards. He is also an avid
photographer with a particular love of scenic landscapes
and natural beauty. In recognition of his contributions as
peacebuilder and educator, Ikeda has been awarded over
300 academic honors from universities in more than forty
countries.
Journey of Life

Selected Poems of
Daisaku Ik eda
Published in 2014 by I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd
6 Salem Road, London w2 4bu
175 Fifth Avenue, New York ny 10010
www.ibtauris.com
Distributed in the United States and Canada
Exclusively by Palgrave Macmillan
175 Fifth Avenue, New York ny 10010
Original copyright © Daisaku Ikeda, 1945–2007
English translation copyright © Soka Gakkai, 2014
The right of Daisaku Ikeda to be identified as the author
of this work has been asserted by him in accordance
with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this
book, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced, stored in or
introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or
by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
ISBN: 978 1 78076 969 1 (hb)
ISBN: 978 1 78076 970 7 (pb)
eISBN: 978 0 85773 562 1
ePDF: 978 0 85772 380 2

A full CIP record for this book is available from the British Library
A full CIP record is available from the Library of Congress
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: available
Cover image: Llanddwyn Island cliffs and lighthouse, Anglesey,
Wales. Photo by Eli Pascall-Willis (Photolibrary/Getty Images)
Designed and typeset in Monotype Dante by illuminati, Grosmont
Contents

Foreword vii

Translator’s note xvii

Poems 1
Blossoms that scatter 3
Fuji and the poet 5
Morigasaki Beach 7
Offering prayers at Mount Fuji 9
I offer this to you 12
Travelers 13
Spring breezes 15
Autumn wind 16
Daybreak 17
The crisp day we parted 19
To my young friends 20
Pampas grass 40
The people 43
Weeds 47
Mother 51
Song of the crimson dawn 60
Youth, scale the mountain of kosen‑rufu
of the twenty-first century 62
Days of value 77
My mentor, Josei Toda 92
Arise, the sun of the century 94
Toll the bell of the new renaissance 105
Dunhuang 117
Like Mount Fuji 123
The lion’s land, Mother India 130
Youthful country with a shining future 137
 Be an eternal bastion of peace 147
Embracing the skies of Kirghiz 168
Banner of humanism, path of justice 178
Mother of art, the sunlight of happiness 184
Shine brilliantly! Crown of the Mother of the Philippines 194
May the laurels of kings adorn your lives 204
Like the sun rising 217
Cosmic traveler, our century’s premier violinist 227
The sun of jiyu over a new land 236
Salute to mothers 250
Unfurl the banner of youth 254
The poet—warrior of the spirit 264
May the fragrant laurels of happiness adorn your life 268
The noble voyage of life 277
Standing among the ruins of Takiyama Castle 288
The path to a peaceful world, a garden for humankind 302
Together holding aloft laurels of the people’s poetry 316
Eternally radiant champion of humanity 328
August 15—The dawn of a new day 340
Salute to the smiling faces of the twenty-first century 353
The promise of a majestic peace 360
The triumph of the human spirit 372
Pampas grass, the poet’s friend 378
In praise of morning glories—a f lower loved by all 384
Salute to poets 389

Glossary 396

Bibliography 400

Appendix 402
Foreword

This inaugural volume of Selected Poems of Daisaku Ikeda is

the first of a three-volume compilation of his poems trans-
lated into English from the originals in Japanese. Whereas
the two forthcoming volumes of Poems will be arranged to
highlight specific aesthetic practices and thematic concerns
associated with Ikeda’s poems and the audiences to which
he has traditionally addressed his thoughts in verse, the
contents of this volume, which span the years from 1945 to
2007, are intended to provide readers already familiar with
his poetry, as well as those encountering it for the first time,
an overview of the subjects to which he has devoted atten-
tion through the inspiration, complemented by individual
imagination, that flows from his “poetic heart and mind.”1
Because the discourse in which Ikeda has most often
addressed the public is either the energetic prose of his
books, essays, speeches and lectures, or the very personal
prose—sometimes vernacular, but always scholarly yet
accessible—with which he has engaged in dialogue with
conversational partners and correspondents from around
the world, readers new to his poetry will possibly stand
amazed at his facility in multiple verse forms and the range
of his poetic interests in evidence throughout this volume.
Here, readers will find lyrical verses celebrating nature’s
splendor through subjects large and small; poems addressed
to Ikeda’s fellow citizens of Japan on a wide variety of
subjects; poems addressed to the various constituencies
of the Soka Gakkai community in Japan as well as in the
United States, Italy, Germany, Malaysia and other nations;
poems dedicated to mothers and women generally, where
Ikeda’s theme is personal empowerment that transcends
gender boundaries and the limitations those boundaries
erroneously ascribe to women; and poems of personal
introduction offered out of respect for world leaders such
as Rajiv Gandhi, Nelson Mandela and Corazón Aquino
with whom it has been Ikeda’s privilege to interact and for
authors and artists such as Nataliya Sats, Walt Whitman,
Yehudi Menuhin, Oswald Mtshali and Esther Gress, whose
poetry, music or educational practices in the arts have
served Ikeda as sources of inspiration that piqued his own
imagination.2 Now in his eighties, and having spent his
years engaged in genuine lifetime learning and public ad-
vocacy to improve the human condition—by advancing the
cause of world peace, championing the preservation of the
natural environment with which humankind was originally
blessed and institutionalizing the forms of value-creating
education central to the lay Nichiren Buddhist Soka Gakkai
organization over which he has presided since 1960—across
the poems gathered here Ikeda admirably demonstrates his
unwavering commitment to nurturing the development of
a humanistic global culture.
A significant feature of this volume is the Translator’s
Note, which fully describes the process whereby the fifty
poems that follow have been translated from Japanese into
English. Although some of these poems were previously
translated from Japanese and published in English by the
scholars of East Asian literature Burton Watson and Robert
Charles Epp, final translations of all poems printed in this
volume, including those few by Watson and Epp, have been
overseen by a team of Soka Gakkai-associated translators in
Tokyo whose consistent purpose has been to provide poetic
texts that are faithful to Ikeda’s authorial intent, even when
recovering that intent has required the team to prepare new
texts that now supersede those of earlier printed transla-
tions. While most of Ikeda’s earlier poems—those written
between 1945 and the mid-1970s—tend to disclose the poet’s
preoccupation with the natural environment which he ap-
proaches with a lyricism reminiscent of nineteenth-century

viii
British and American romantic writers, it would be naïve to
read Ikeda exclusively through any one aesthetic, critical,
historical or political lens. Indeed, we know that as a young
man he was a voracious reader who encountered in pre- and
post-World War II Japanese anthologies not only selections
from Plato’s Dialogues, Dante’s Divine Comedy, Pascal’s
Pensées, Milton’s Paradise Lost, Emerson’s essays, Lord
Byron’s poems and Max Weber’s essays on the sociology
of religion, but also, in whole or in part, Walt Whitman’s
Leaves of Grass and a wide range of Eastern and Western his-
torical and realist fiction that included, for instance, Daniel
Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe (1719), Edward Bulwer-Lytton’s
The Last Days of Pompeii (1834), Nikolai Gogol’s Taras Bulba
(1835), Alexandre Dumas’ The Count of Monte Cristo (1845–46),
Victor Hugo’s Les Misérables (1862), Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s
House (1879), Lu Xun’s Chinese vernacular novella The True
Story of Ah Q (1921–22) and Eiji Yoshikawa’s modern Japanese
retelling of Luo Guanzhong’s fourteenth-century Chinese
Romance of the Three Kingdoms (1939–43).3
As much as the enormous range of the young Ikeda’s
reading may have shaped his consideration of what might
be his place in postwar Japanese society, it also influenced
his appreciation of the larger emerging world community
into which he and his contemporaries would be invited
to take part after 1945. Under the guidance of Josei Toda
(1900–58), the educator and peace activist whom he credits
as the great mentor of his early life and, in spirit, of his
later career, Ikeda immersed himself in studies of the Lotus
Sutra and in the value-creating educational philosophy
of Tsunesaburo Makiguchi (1871–1944), the educational
theorist and religious reformer whose opposition to Japan’s
militarism led to his imprisonment and death during World
War II. Toda’s generosity as a mentor and his modeling of
productive citizenship in postwar Japan encouraged Ikeda
to locate and cherish the spiritual—as opposed to the nomi-
nally religious—content of all human experience, adhere

ix
to the public and private practice of greeting the ideas and
opinions of others with humility and respect, and engage
in earnest, candid dialogue with his countrymen as well as
with persons hailing from distant nations as means to effect
mutual understanding and live in peaceful coexistence.4
Although multiple printings of his major prose works
demonstrate his competency in that genre, poetry has
served Ikeda as an equally significant vehicle to address
his ideas and personal convictions to the world. If in his
early years he ever wondered about the variety of poet he
wished to become, no explicit evidence of his thoughts on
the subject has been found. In his own Preface to Songs
from My Heart, an early collection of his poems translated
into English, he likens his casual practice of poetry to
Goethe’s claim about his: “All my poems are occasional
poems, suggested by real life, and having therein a firm
foundation.” Yet while Ikeda, too, acknowledges that his
poems “spring from real life, … from the daily whirlwind
of activities that I, like any ordinary person, find myself
engaged in,” he emphasizes the importance of feeling to all
of them—of “feelings that have come to me in the course
of my association with friends or … with young people,”
of feelings born out “of basic human emotions” and the
honest expression of them—which, he then states, may
well be “the true definition of poetry, regardless of the
form it happens to take.”5
Enlarging on his view that feelings or emotions, and the
honest expression of them, constitute “the true definition
of poetry,” a decade after Songs from My Heart appeared in
print Ikeda had the occasion to develop further his thoughts
on poetry in an essay addressed to the World Congress
of Poets, which convened in Bangkok in November 1988.
Under the title “A plea for the restoration of the poetic
mind,” he presented the case for poetry as “the spiritual
bond that links humanity, society and the universe.” Invok-
ing the fundamental duality attributed to the human mind

x
by Pascal in Pensées and other writings, Ikeda argued for the
supremacy of the “sensitive” dimension of the mind marked
by intuition and sensibility over the “geometric” dimension
marked exclusively by rationalism and overreliance on the
significance of matter. In a world that he characterized as
wallowing in “unchecked egoism, ephemeral hedonism,
compulsive destruction, despair[,] … nihilism, [and the
tragedy of] … the isolated and alienated human spirit,”
Ikeda dismissed rationalism, material science and tech­
nology’s overwhelming of civilization with new forms of
matter that lessen the flow of human sensitivity necessary
for “the wholesome development of civilization,” and he
asserted that poetry, whose wellspring is that portion of the
human heart that is “spirit” and “invisible,” has the capacity
to link “all … in the great circle of the universe.” Intro­
ducing the “poetic mind” and the “poetic heart” and treat-
ing them as identical, he wrote of the poet’s heart/mind:

The gaze of the poet is directed at the heart, at the mind.

He does not see … things as mere matter. He converses
with the trees and the grasses, talks to the stars, greets
the sun, and feels a kinship with all that is around him. In
all these things he sees life and he breathes life into them,
seeing in the myriad changing phenomena of this world
the unchanging principle of the universe. And the poet is
free of the fetters imposed by institutions and ideologies;
he perceives the unlimited potential of the individual
that transcends the trappings of society. He recognizes
the bond that links all humankind and intricacies of the
invisible web of life … [T]he wellspring of this prolific
spirit [is] the “poetic mind.”
The poetic mind is the source of human imagination
and creativity. It imparts hope to our life, … gives us
dreams, and infuses us with courage; it makes possible
harmony and unity and gives us the power … to transform
our inner world from utter desolation to richness and
creativity.6

xi
 Ikeda’s conviction that the poetic heart/mind “is the
source of human imagination and creativity[,] … imparts
hope to our life, … gives us dreams, … infuses us with
courage [and] … makes possible harmony and unity [as it]
gives us the power … to transform our inner world from
utter desolation to richness and creativity” at once provides
us with a personal definition of his sense of the purpose and
intended outcome of his poetry, and, at the same time, joins
his poetic theory and practice to that of poets from the En-
lightenment to the present. For instance, writing toward the
end of the Enlightenment, the German “Novalis” (Friedrich
von Hardenberg) affirmed poetry’s relevance in any and all
political states, saying, “Poetry heals the wounds inflicted
by reason.”7 Then, at the height of the British romantic
period, poets such as John Keats and Percy Bysshe Shelley
more formally theorized the aesthetic and political power
of poetry. Keats emphasized the aesthetic virtually to the
exclusion of the political, arguing, for instance, that “Poetry
should surprise by fine excess and not by Singularity—it
should strike the Reader as a wording of his own highest
thoughts, and appear almost a Remembrance.”8 In A Defence
of Poetry (1821), Shelley drew attention to the ways in which
poets have always been energized as well as humbled by
“the electric life which burns within their words.” However,
far more than Keats, Shelley also recognized that some
political theorists have feared the capacity of poetry’s moral
and emotional electricity to lead readers, particularly young
ones, to question the conventional values of their elders
and thus foment revolution; and he pointed to Plato’s exile
of poets from the ideal political state he envisioned in The
Republic as the supreme illustration of that fear in practice.
Noting that, because it “is a mirror which makes beautiful
that which is distorted,” poetry also has the capacity to
“[redeem] from decay the visitations of the divinity in man,”
Shelley challenged political theorists by straightforwardly
acknowledging the subversive power of poetry that Plato so

xii
feared. In Western literature’s boldest rejoinder to positions
such as Plato’s, at the conclusion of A Defence he proclaimed,
“Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world,”
thereby marrying the aesthetic and healing power of
poetry, which draws from and appeals to the imagination,
to the revolutionary power of poetry, which draws from the
conviction of political or social urgency out of which a poet
may write.9
Shelley’s position, which has withstood all challenges for
two centuries, still rings true among poets and theorists
closer to our own time. Writing for the literary journal
The Dial in the aftermath of World War I, the American
modernist poet Marianne Moore asserted in 1926, “Poetry,
that is to say the poetic, is a primal necessity.”10 Although his
emphasis was more on the aesthetic power of poetry than
on the political, writing for the Saturday Review in mid-
century the British playwright, novelist and literary theorist
W. Somerset Maugham agreed with Moore, saying, “The
crown of literature is poetry. It is its end and aim. It is the
sublimest activity of the human mind. It is the achievement
of beauty and delicacy.”11 Finally, as the twentieth century
neared its end, the African-American poet Gwendolyn
Brooks told an interviewer in 1986, “I always say that
poetry is life distilled.” Like her poetry, in an important
way Brooks’ statement of her poetic practice returns us to
Shelley, for in her recognition of poetry as “life distilled”
she reminds us that poetic art is not designed to warm us
only in our joyous moods, but to rouse us as well to action
during those moments in which we need clarification of the
sometimes confusing, if not also literally terrifying, events
of the world around us, even if, in turn, that clarification
counsels us to break with our own current or past cultural
practices or those of our nation.12
With his emphasis on the poetic heart/mind, and his
confidence that the genuine poet “perceives the unlimited
potential of the individual that transcends the trappings of

xiii
society” because he “is free of the fetters imposed by institu-
tions and ideologies,” Ikeda candidly acknowledges his
adherence to a tradition of poetic practice that extends from
the Enlightenment to today. It is a tradition that ignores
those cultural and national distinctions and resists those
institutional and ideological positions that, at the expense of
feeling, have preoccupied bureaucratic minds across the cen-
turies. With Ikeda, the freedom and feeling of the genuine
poet reign supreme; as he has said, “A person who sees
himself and others as fellow beings … and who knows the
pain, the anguish, and the pathos of others,” can never be
“cold and calculating.”13 The generosity of spirit with which
Ikeda invests the poet has its origin in his own character, for
sure, but it also has a source in a late essay by Ralph Waldo
Emerson, of which Ikeda is quite fond. In “Poetry and
Imagination” (1876), Emerson remarked, “The poet should
rejoice if he has taught us to despise his song; if he has so
moved us as to lift us,—to open the eye of the intellect to
see farther and better” than he.14 Emerson is certainly not
ridiculing either the poet or the poet’s reader here; rather,
he is celebrating the capacity of all good readers of poetry
to be poets themselves, and the capacity of genuine poets
to inspire and move their readers to look within themselves
for the license to read and write their world as a poem and
thus eclipse the poet and the poetry that once inspired
them. This is the spirit in which Ikeda has personally
overseen the production of this first comprehensive volume
of his poems in English translation, and it is the spirit in
which he graciously invites readers into it. That his position
with respect to readers of this volume and the two that
will follow it should echo Emerson is not a surprise to the
present writer. In Creating Waldens: An East–West Conversation
on the American Renaissance, a series of eighteen conversa-
tions on Emerson, Henry David Thoreau and Whitman and
the aesthetic, spiritual and political world of the American
Renaissance that they so dominated, Ikeda said:

xiv
 I believe that if a poet can perceive the infinite possibilities
of humanity, his poetry naturally becomes a song in praise
of humanity. The perception of those possibilities is really
the perception of interconnectedness, like that between
friends, between humanity and nature, and between
humanity and the cosmos. Poetry crystallizes the surprise
and emotion of awakening to such connections.15
Ronald A. Bosco

1. Daisaku Ikeda, “A plea for the restoration of the poetic mind,” World
Tribune (Santa Monica CA), December 12, 1988, p. 3. As discussed
below, in this essay Ikeda is reported to have used the expressions “the
poetic heart” and “the poetic mind” synonymously; however, these are
actually two alternate translations of the term shigokoro, the kokoro of
shi (poetry). Kokoro is a particularly rich term in Japanese, indicating
at once the affective, volitional and even rational aspects of the inner
life. Not acknowledging the possibility of a heart–mind disjunction
in the poet, Ikeda writes that the poetic heart/mind “is the source of
human imagination and creativity. It imparts hope to our life, … gives
us dreams, and infuses us with courage; it makes possible harmony
and unity and gives us the power … to transform our inner world from
utter desolation to richness and creativity.”
2. For a sample of lyrical verses celebrating naturalistic subjects large and
small, in this volume see “Blossoms that scatter” (1945), “Fuji and the
poet” (1947), “Weeds” (1971), “Pampas grass” (1971), “Pampas grass, the
poet’s friend” (2007) and “In praise of morning glories” (2007). Among
the major poems in this volume in which Ikeda addresses his fellow
Japanese citizens and various constituencies of the global Soka Gakkai
community are “The people” (1971), “Arise, the sun of the century”
(1987), “Youthful country with a shining future” (1988), “Be an eternal
bastion of peace” (1988), “The sun of jiyu over a new land” (1993),
“Standing among the ruins of Takiyama Castle” (2000) and “Salute
to the smiling faces of the twenty-first century” (2001). For poems to
women that address personal empowerment that transcends gender
boundaries, see, especially, “Mother” (1971), “Salute to mothers” (1995)
and “May the fragrant laurels of happiness adorn your life” (1999).
For poems of personal introduction offered out of respect for Gandhi,
Mandela and Aquino, see “The lion’s land, Mother India” (1987),
“Banner of humanism, path of justice” (1990) and “Shine brilliantly!
Crown of the Mother of the Philippines” (1991), respectively; for poems
dedicated to Nataliya Sats, pioneer of children’s theater in Russia, Walt
Whitman, American poet, Yehudi Menuhin, famed violinist, Oswald
Mtshali, South African poet, and Esther Gress, Danish poet laureate, see
“Mother of art, the sunlight of happiness” (1990), “Like the sun rising”
(1992), “Cosmic traveler, our century’s premier violinist” (1992), “The
poet—warrior of the spirit” (1998) and “Together holding aloft laurels of
the people’s poetry” (2000), respectively.
3. For these and other of his youthful readings, see Daisaku Ikeda, Wakaki

xv
 hi no dokusho (The Readings of My Youthful Days) (Tokyo: Daisan
Bunmeisha, 1978) and Daisaku Ikeda, Zoku, wakaki hi no dokusho (The
Readings of My Youthful Days, continued) (Tokyo: Daisan Bunmeisha,
1993).
4. Ikeda celebrates the breadth and enduring value of Toda’s legacy to him
and to others in “My mentor, Josei Toda” (1986), printed in this volume.
5. Daisaku Ikeda, “Preface,” in Songs from My Heart, trans. Burton Watson
(New York and Tokyo: Weatherhill, 1978), p. 7.
6. Daisaku Ikeda, “A plea for the restoration of the poetic mind,” p. 3.
7. Friedrich von Hardenberg, Detached Thoughts, quoted in Dictionary of
Quotations in Communications, ed. Lilless McPherson Shilling and Linda
K. Fuller (Westport CT: Greenwood Press, 1997), p. 165.
8. John Keats, to John Taylor, February 27, 1818, in The Letters of John Keats,
ed. Hyder Edward Rollins, 2 vols. (Cambridge MA: Harvard University
Press, 1958), vol. 1, p. 238.
9. Percy Bysshe Shelley, A Defence of Poetry, in English Romantic Writers, ed.
David Perkins, 2nd edn. (New York, London, Tokyo: Harcourt Brace,
1995), pp. 1146, 1134, 1143, 1144, 1146, respectively.
10. Patricia C. Willis, ed., The Complete Prose of Marianne Moore (New York:
Viking, 1986), p. 169.
11. W. Somerset Maugham, “Comment,” Saturday Review (New York) July
20, 1957, p. 70.
12. Kevin Bezner, “A life distilled: An interview with Gwendolyn Brooks”
(1986), in Conversations with Gwendolyn Brooks, ed. Gloria Wade Gayles
(Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2003), p. 124.
13. Daisaku Ikeda, “A plea for the restoration of the poetic mind,” p. 3.
14. Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Poetry and imagination,” in The Collected Works
of Ralph Waldo Emerson, ed. Alfred R. Ferguson, Joseph Slater, Douglas
Emory Wilson and Ronald A. Bosco, 10 vols (Cambridge MA and
London: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1971–2013), vol. 8,
p. 38.
15. Ronald A. Bosco, Daisaku Ikeda, and Joel Myerson, Creating Waldens:
An East–West Conversation on the American Renaissance (Cambridge MA:
Dialogue Path Press, 2009), p. 116.

xvi
Translator’s note

Biographical sketch and chronology

This volume represents the largest and most comprehensive
collection of Daisaku Ikeda’s poetry in translation to date.
Earlier publications, such as translations by Watson,1 Epp2
and Gebert,3 offered more limited selections of his work,
focused on particular periods, such as his earlier works, or
on a specific theme, such as his thoughts on war and peace.
In contrast, this volume includes poems covering a span
of more than sixty years: 1945 to 2007. As such, it contains
works written in a wide range of styles, voices and modes.
In selecting the poems for inclusion in this volume, an
effort was made to ensure that this sample would be as
representative as possible in terms of period, style and, in
the case of the many poems addressed to specific individu-
als or groups, the nature of the recipient.
Part of Ikeda’s view of literature is that there is an indis-
soluble relationship between the author and the work; that
the words provide an important window on the inner life of
the writer. In light of this, it is probably appropriate to offer
a cursory biographical portrait of the author, relating this to
a chronology of poetic production.
Daisaku Ikeda was born in Tokyo in 1928. His family
had been engaged in cultivating and harvesting nori (edible
seaweed) in Tokyo Bay for generations. The family had
enjoyed relative prosperity until a massive earthquake
struck the Tokyo region in 1923, producing widespread dev-
astation and shifting the seabed of Tokyo Bay, thus greatly
reducing the nori harvest. Soon after Ikeda was born, his
father became bedridden with rheumatism, plunging the
family deeper into poverty. Ikeda himself had a weak
constitution and, as a result, from early in life he gravitated
toward reading and literature as opposed to more strenuous
physical activity. He has written that his early ambitions
included becoming a writer of fiction or a reporter for a
newspaper or magazine.4
The first poem in this collection, “Blossoms that scatter,”
was written in April 1945, when Ikeda was seventeen. It was
written in the wake of the firebombings that had leveled
much of Tokyo just months before the end of World War II.
The war had had a devastating impact on Ikeda’s family—
his four older brothers had been drafted and sent to the
Asian front; of them, his eldest brother was killed in action
in Burma, although the family would not be informed of
this for several years.
In August 1947, Ikeda encountered Josei Toda (1900–58),
who was then engaged in rebuilding the lay Buddhist move-
ment, the Soka Gakkai, that he and Tsunesaburo Makiguchi
(1871–1944) had founded in 1930. Their Buddhist beliefs led
Makiguchi, the organization’s first president, and Toda
to criticize the wartime policies of the Japanese militarist
government and, as a result, they were arrested in July
1943 as “thought criminals.” In November 1944, Makiguchi
died of malnutrition while still imprisoned. Toda managed
to survive the ordeal and was released in July 1945, just
prior to the Japanese surrender. This encounter with Toda
proved decisive for Ikeda, as he came to regard the older
man as his personal mentor, and it was through Toda that
Ikeda took faith in Nichiren Buddhism and became active
in the Soka Gakkai. “Fuji and the poet” and “Morigasaki
Beach” were both written in 1947 and capture the thoughts
of the nineteen-year-old author. A much later poem, “My
mentor, Josei Toda” (1986), offers a portrait of this crucial
relationship.
Throughout the 1950s, Ikeda dedicated himself to
supporting Toda’s work as he developed the Soka Gakkai
into the largest and most dynamic Buddhist movement in
postwar Japan. Such poems as “Offering prayers at Mount

xviii
Fuji” (1950) and “Travelers” (1952) were written during
this period.
Toda died on April 2, 1958. In May 1960, Ikeda succeeded
Toda to become the third president of the Soka Gakkai. He
continued to lead efforts to expand the movement, which
grew from a membership of some 750,000 households at the
time of Toda’s death to more 8 million households in 1970.
This involved a demanding schedule of travel, both
within and, increasingly, outside Japan, as Ikeda traveled
to offer encouragement to nascent Soka Gakkai member-
ships in Europe, the Americas and Asia. Ikeda’s prose
efforts during this period were dedicated to providing
con­temporary exegesis and interpretation of the writings of
Nichiren (1222–82), the founder of the school of Buddhism
practiced by the members of the Soka Gakkai. In 1968, he
began a multivolume novelization of the history of the
organization under the leadership of Josei Toda titled The
Human Revolution. “Daybreak” (1966) is one of a handful of
poems published during the decade of the 1960s.
Also under Ikeda’s leadership, the scope of the move-
ment’s activities expanded beyond the purely religious, to
include engagement in the fields of peace, culture and edu-
cation. To this end, Ikeda founded a number of institutions,
including a research institution (1962), a concert association
(1963), a political party (1964), junior and senior high schools
(1968), a four-year university (1971) and an art museum (1973).
These multifaceted endeavors were inspired by the Soka
Gakkai’s long-standing interpretation of Nichiren’s writings
and life as a paradigm of bringing the tenets of Buddhism
to bear on the real-life challenges of living in society.
Starting in the early 1970s, it became increasingly
common for Ikeda to use poetry as a medium for ex-
pressing his understanding of Buddhist concepts and for
encouraging people encountered in the course of fulfilling
his responsibilities. The collection “To my young friends”
(1970–71) comprised short poems written to various

xix
individuals, often commemorating an encounter or
exchange. Likewise, the poems “The people,” “Weeds” and
“Mother” (1971) were dedicated, respectively, to the youth
and women memberships of the Soka Gakkai.
Long-simmering tensions with the Nichiren Shoshu
priesthood, with whom the Soka Gakkai was associated,
came to a head in the late 1970s over the respective roles
of ordained and lay practitioners, with the priesthood
asserting its inherent superiority over the laity. For several
years Ikeda was compelled to maintain a low profile within
the organization and its activities. In the early 1980s, he
again chose the medium of poetry to publicly reaffirm
his mentoring bonds with the youth membership of the
organization. As had been the case with “Mother” and “The
people,” lyrics based on “Song of the crimson dawn” and
“Youth, scale the mountain of kosen-rufu of the twenty-first
century” (1981) were set to music and gained enduring
popularity among the Soka Gakkai membership.
Beginning in the early 1970s, Ikeda’s travels increasingly
took on the aspect of a kind of citizen diplomacy. During
1974 and 1975, for example, he met with the respective
leaders of China (Zhou Enlai), the Soviet Union (Alexei
Kosygin) and the United States (Henry Kissinger) in an
effort to reduce Cold War tensions. These efforts acceler-
ated during the 1980s and often involved the use of poetry,
translated into the recipient’s language, as a vehicle for a
highly personalized style of diplomacy. Poems written to
such public figures as Indian Premier Rajiv Gandhi (1987)
might commemorate an earlier encounter or, as in the
case of South African President Nelson Mandela (1990)
or Philippine President Corazón Aquino (1991), serve as a
form of greeting and recognition, presented at the time of
their first meeting. A similar pattern pertains for poems
written for such cultural figures as the Russian theatrical
producer Nataliya Sats (1990) and the violinist Yehudi
Menuhin (1992).

xx
Another Random Scribd Document
with Unrelated Content
 Statistics - Field Notes
Summer 2023 - Academy

Prepared by: Researcher Smith

Date: July 28, 2025

Practice 1: Statistical analysis and interpretation

Learning Objective 1: Current trends and future directions
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 1: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Learning Objective 2: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Learning Objective 3: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Learning Objective 4: Historical development and evolution
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Learning Objective 5: Experimental procedures and results
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 5: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 6: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Definition: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Methodology 2: Historical development and evolution
Example 10: Practical applications and examples
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 11: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 12: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Example 12: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Note: Case studies and real-world applications
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 14: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Literature review and discussion
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 16: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Example 16: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Historical development and evolution
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 18: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Example 18: Best practices and recommendations
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 19: Ethical considerations and implications
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Summary 3: Study tips and learning strategies
Remember: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Note: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Remember: Key terms and definitions
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 23: Study tips and learning strategies
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 25: Practical applications and examples
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Example 26: Research findings and conclusions
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
[Figure 27: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Example 27: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Research findings and conclusions
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Historical development and evolution
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
References 4: Assessment criteria and rubrics
Important: Current trends and future directions
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 31: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 32: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 33: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Important: Historical development and evolution
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 34: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Remember: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 35: Key terms and definitions
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Ethical considerations and implications
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Note: Case studies and real-world applications
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 39: Current trends and future directions
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Topic 5: Current trends and future directions
Definition: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 42: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Best practices and recommendations
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Important: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 44: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Literature review and discussion
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Important: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Important: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Example 49: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Introduction 6: Key terms and definitions
Note: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Note: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 52: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 53: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Ethical considerations and implications
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Study tips and learning strategies
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 55: Key terms and definitions
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Key terms and definitions
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Example 57: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Historical development and evolution
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Literature review and discussion
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Important: Practical applications and examples
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Unit 7: Interdisciplinary approaches
Practice Problem 60: Case studies and real-world applications
• Historical development and evolution
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 61: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 63: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Example 64: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 65: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Example 65: Key terms and definitions
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Note: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 67: Experimental procedures and results
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Remember: Case studies and real-world applications
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Background 8: Literature review and discussion
Remember: Best practices and recommendations
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 71: Best practices and recommendations
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Key Concept: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Historical development and evolution
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 73: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Practice Problem 73: Current trends and future directions
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 74: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 75: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Interdisciplinary approaches
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Study tips and learning strategies
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 78: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Example 78: Key terms and definitions
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 79: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Theoretical framework and methodology
• Historical development and evolution
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Methodology 9: Critical analysis and evaluation
Remember: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 81: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Current trends and future directions
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Problem-solving strategies and techniques
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Note: Experimental procedures and results
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Key Concept: Current trends and future directions
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Ethical considerations and implications
• Historical development and evolution
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Key terms and definitions
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 87: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Key Concept: Experimental procedures and results
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 89: Study tips and learning strategies
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Background 10: Learning outcomes and objectives
Remember: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Remember: Historical development and evolution
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
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