INSTRUCTION MANUAL
HB 011 DEAD WEIGHT PRESSURE TESTER
ESSOM COMPANY LIMITED
510/1 SOI 22/1 SOMDET PHRACHAO TAKSIN RD.
BUKKALO THONBURI BANGKOK 10600, THAILAND
TEL. +66 (0) 24760034 FAX +66 (0) 24761500
E-mail:
[email protected]www.essom.com
CONTENTS
Page
Receipt of goods A
Installation instruction B
1. Introduction 1-1
2. General description 2-1
3. Theory 3-1
4. Experimental procedures 4-1
5. Experiments 5-1
Addendum
Addendum 1 Sample calculations
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including
photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally
to some other use of this publication) without the written permission from ESSOM COMPANY
LIMITED.
1
RECEIPT OF GOODS
1. On Receipt of Goods
(a) On receipt of the goods at the customer’s premises, the shipment should be inspected for any damages or missing
items. These items should be checked against the delivery note, packing list or shipping documents.
(b) If there is any damage to the equipment or a discrepancy in missing items as listed shipping documents, then the
insurance company should be notified within three working days on receipt of the shipment if the loss or damage
was not apparent at the time of taking delivery from the port.
(c) If insurance has been arranged by the buyer then you must notify your insurer in writing of any damage or loss of
parts which was observed regarding this shipment within a specified period of time as stated in the Terms and
Conditions. This should include detailed photographs of the damaged equipment.
(d) If insurance has been arranged by the seller you should notify the insurances representative along with any
correspondence including the insurance certificate supplied by the seller. These should include detailed photographs
for evaluation of damages or replacement parts pertaining to the shipment.
(e) The seller will only replace damaged parts on notification by the insurance company that the claim has been
accepted.
2. Manufacturers Liability
(a) Before proceeding to install commission or operate the equipment listed in the instruction manual, we would like
to alert the user to the health and safety aspects of people who will work on or operate our equipment with regard to
the liability of the manufacturers or suppliers.
(b) Manufacturers or suppliers are absolved of any responsibilities with regard to misuse of their equipment causing
harm or financial charges being incurred against them from clients or third parties for consequences of failure or
damage of the equipment in any way if the equipment is not installed, maintained and operated as outlined in the
instruction manual published by the manufacturers or suppliers.
(c) In order to safeguard the students and operators of the equipment it is vital that all safety aspects as outlined in
the instruction manual are observed.
A
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTION
1. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
Shipped oversea Equipment is usually partially assembled in order to reduce possibility of damages and
shipping volume.
Parts list or packaging list is normally shipped with shipping documents. When the shipping box reaches
the site, the box should be carefully opened, and the parts must be checked / examined for damage and
identified according to the part list.
Equipment and parts are to be assembled according to the assembly instruction.
B
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
HB 011 DEAD WEIGHT PRESSURE TESTER
1 INTRODUCTION
ESSOM Dead Weight Pressure Tester uses known traceable weights to apply pressure to a fluid for
checking the accuracy of readings from a pressure gauge. A dead weight pressure tester (DWT) is a calibration
standard method that uses a piston cylinder on which a load is placed to make an equilibrium with an applied
pressure underneath the piston. Deadweight testers are so called primary standards which means that the
pressure measured by a deadweight tester is defined through other quantities: length, mass and time. Typically
deadweight testers are used in calibration laboratories to calibrate pressure transfer standards like electronic
pressure measuring devices.
1-1
2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The mechanism of the gauge is shown in the figure below. A tube, having a thin wall of oval cross section,
is bent to a circular arc encompassing about 270 degrees. It is rigidly held at one end, where the pressure is
admitted to the tube, and is free to move at the other end, which is sealed. When pressure is admitted, the tube
tends to straighten, and the movement at the free end operates a mechanical system which moves a pointer
round the graduated scale – the movement of the pointer being proportional to the pressure applied. The
sensitivity of the gauge depends on the material and dimensions of the Bourden tube; gauges with a very wide
selection of pressure ranges are commercially available.
2.1 Description and Assembly
Pressure Gauge Cylinder Piston Weights
Valve 1 Valve 2
Diameter of piston = 18mm
Mass of piston = 500 g
2-1
3 THEORY
Once the zero point of a manometer has been checked, the weight support is re-inserted into the cylinder of
the pressure gauge unit. The piston is then slowly lowered by unscrewing the counterbalance cylinder until it is
freely suspended. In order to avoid static friction, set the weight support in gentle rotation. The mass of the
support (piston) is 500 g. taking into account the piston diameter of 18 mm; it is now possible to determine the
increase in pressure according to the following basic formulae.
3.1 FORMULA
The formula on which the design of a DWT is based basically is expressed as follows:
F = mg [N]
p = F/A [Pa]
Where;
F = force applied on piston [N]
m = mass [kg]
g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 [m/s2]
p = reference pressure [Pa]
A = effective area [m2]
3-1
4 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES
4.1 Open the overflow valve.
4.2 Remove the transport-cap.
4.3 If necessary topping up the hydraulic oil.
4.4 Inserting the piston.
To check the zero point of the manometer, proceed as follows:
4.1 Press the piston out of the cylinder.
4.2 Remove the piston and weight support.
4.3 Adjust the oil level in the open cylinder until the cylinder is filled up to the edge.
4.4 The manometer being tested should now indicate zero, as it is only subject to ambient pressure.
4.5 Assemble Bourdon’s pressure gauge with dead weight tester.
4.6 Apply pressure in terms of weights on table and measure the value of it on pressure gauge.
4.7 Repeat the procedure for ascending and descending weights on table and corresponding.
4-1
5 EXPERIMENT
5.1 Aim
To find out pressure with a bourdon tube pressure gauge and compare it with theoretical results.
5.2 Procedure
5.2.1 Remove the piston from unit.
5.2.2 Close valve V1 and open valve V2.
5.2.3 Fill cylinder with oil.
5.2.4 Now close valve V2.
5.2.5 Put piston back in position with V1 and V2 in close position.
5.2.6 Read out pressure value on gauge and compare it with theoretical results.
5.2.7 Repeat the experiment by adding weights.
5.3 Observations
Sr. # Applied Applied Load Area Theoretical Practical
Load (N) (m2) Pressure (N/m2) Pressure
(kg) (N/m2)
1
2
3
5-1
ADDENDUM 1
SAMPLE CALCULATIONS
SAMPLE CALCULATIONS
Sr. # Applied Applied Load Area Theoretical Practical
Load (N) (m2) Pressure (N/m2) Pressure
(kg) (N/m2)
1 0.5 4.905 2.5447x10-4 19275.366 18275
2 4.5 44.145 2.5447x10-4 173478.2 169000
Sample Calculation:
P = F/A
A = πd2/4
= π (18x10-3)2 / 4
= 2.5447x10-4 m2
F = 4.5 kg
= 4.5 x 9.81
= 44.145 N
P = F/A
= 44.145 / 2.5447x10-4
= 173478.2 N/m2
Conversion Factor:
1bar = 1x105 Pa
Discussion of Results:
Two different kinds of error may normally expect in a gauge of this type. Firstly, there is a possibility of
hysteresis, friction and backlash which will yield smaller gauge readings when the pressure is increasing than when
it is decreasing.
Secondly, there is error due to the scale being marked off incorrectly. It will be found that this error
increases to a maximum of around 2.5% of the full scale reading. This is acceptably small for many engineering
purposes, although gauges with an error of only 0.5% of the full-scale reading are commercially obtainable.
