TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF PERU

Faculty of Law

PA4

The main political, economic, and social problems that the country has faced
from 1990 to the present and the effects they have had on construction
institutionality.

MEMBERS:

MELISSA BRIGGITE MUÑOZ PERALTA code U22318752

COURSE:

PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES IN CURRENT PERU

TEACHER:

ROLANDO ENRIQUE ROJAS ANGELES

Lima - Peru
2023
Government of Alberto Fujimori (1990-2000)

Alberto Fujimori was president of Peru from 1990 to 2000. His government was

marked by liberal economic policies that succeeded in stabilizing the Peruvian economy,

but also faced criticism for human rights violations and accusations of

corruption. Fujimori implemented measures to combat inflation and managed to reduce it.

poverty to some extent. However, his mandate was marred by cases of

corruption and abuses against human rights, especially related to the Group

Colina and the fight against the insurgency during that period. In 2000, he fled to Japan amid

a corruption scandal and later resigned from the presidency by fax. Having the

In the context of Fujimori's government, we will present the main political problems.

economic and social

Political problems: During the government of Alberto Fujimori in Peru, which lasted from

From 1990 to 2000, it faced several political problems and controversies. Some of the

main include:

1. Human rights violations: He was accused of human rights violations,

especially due to the actions of the Colina Group, a military squad responsible for

extrajudicial executions and violations of human rights during the struggle against

the Shining Path insurgency.

2. Corruption: Fujimori was accused of corruption during his presidency. One of the cases

the most notorious was the corruption scandal linked to his advisor Vladimiro Montesinos,

who was arrested for corruption and violation of human rights.

controversial movement known as the "self-coup" of 1992. This generated criticism and

tensions both at national and international levels.

4. Electoral irregularities: There were reports of irregularities in the 2000 elections,

what contributed to the political crisis that led to Fujimori's resignation and exile. These

political problems led to the dismissal and subsequent arrest of Fujimori, marking the

end of his presidency and leaving a controversial legacy in the political history of Peru.

Economic problems:

During Alberto Fujimori's government in Peru, economic policies were implemented.

which led to some positive results, but also faced criticism and

problems. Some of the problematic economic aspects include:

1. Corruption and Waste: Corruption occurred in the government, particularly

linked to Vladimiro Montesinos, who was closely associated with Fujimori. This

The corrupt environment affected economic management and generated distrust in institutions.

2. Violations of the Law: The implementation of economic policies was often

accompanied by actions that violated legal and democratic procedures, which

generated instability and distrust in the markets.

3. Inequality: Although economic advances were made in terms of growth of

GDP, economic inequality persisted and, in some cases, worsened. The concentration

The wealth and the lack of social inclusion were sources of tensions and criticism.

4. Handling of the financial crisis: During the financial crisis of the late 90s, there

they made controversial decisions, such as state intervention in banks and the freezing
of deposits, which generated distrust in the financial system and affected the perception of

economic stability.

Although measures were implemented that stimulated economic growth and the

stability in some aspects, these economic problems and the combination with the

Political problems contributed to the crisis that led to Fujimori's departure in 2000.

Social problems:

During Alberto Fujimori's government in Peru, they also faced various

social problems that generated controversy and criticism. Some of these problems

include:

1. Violations of human rights: The actions of Group Colina, a squadron

military linked to the Fujimori government led to systematic violations of the

human rights, including extrajudicial executions and forced disappearances. These

acts generated tensions and negatively affected social stability.

2. Poverty and inequality: Despite some economic progress, poverty and

Inequalities persisted in Peru during Fujimori's government. Many critics

they argue that economic policies did not effectively address these

issues and that the gap between the rich and the poor widened.

3. Reforms in the education and health sectors: Although reforms were implemented in the

educational and health system, some of these measures generated protests and criticisms. Due to

example, the privatization of health services and the introduction of fees in education

superior raised concerns about equitable access to these services.

freedom of the press and exercising undue control over the media, which

it affected the plurality of opinions and the ability of society to access information

independent.

These social problems contributed to the perception of a political and social environment

tense during Fujimori's government, and ultimately, played a role in his exit

of power in 2000.