Unit I: Definition of Service

Service is defined as the act of helping or providing THREE DIMENSIONS OF SELF-AWARENESS

assistance for another person or group of people (Service, How you sincerely appraise your worth and lovability is
2020). called self-steem.
Self-confidence is defined as your belief and trust in your
RA 9163: NSTP Act of 2001 own abilities and strengths (Greenacre, Tung & Chapman,
RA 9163 serves as the legal basis for the implementation of 2014).
NSTP, which aims to educate young students about Self-image is how you perceive your own appearance,
nationalism and patriotism. personality and abilities (Rosenberg, 2015).

The three components of NSTP The two components to self-awareness

1. Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) - puts emphasis Internal self-awareness refers to how you accurately view
on grooming students for national defense preparedness. your own values, beliefs, life goals, thoughts and feelings.
2. Literacy Training Service (LTS) - focuses on improving External self-awareness relates to the comprehension of
the literacy and numeracy skills of children in schools and how other people view you as an individual.
of out-of-school youth,
3. Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS) - centers on Two types of tools to help enhance our self-awareness.
community work that contributes to the well-being of Trackers - are tools that help you in monitoring routines
community members. and habits related to your goals.
Nudgers - tools that help you decide on whether to
Recommended topics to be discussed in NSTP 1 continue of discontinue a routine, habit or practice.
Citizenship Training - discusses the rights, duties, and
responsibilities of Filipino citizens. Adolescent Development
Drug Education - explores the harmful effects of Adolescence is defined as the transition period from
dangerous drugs and ways to prevent drug abuse and childhood to adulthood. It is typically said to be between
addiction. 11 and 19 years old.
Disaster Risk Reduction and Managements - highlights
various individual and community preparedness actions to Transition is defined as the process of transformation from
mitigate the harmful effects of disasters. one state to another (Transition, 2020).
Environmental Protection - examines different
environmental issues and proactive ways to take care of Puberty is defined as the period comprising the bodily
the environment. changes experienced by adolescents as they slowly
National Security Concerns - enumerates and examines become capable of sexual reproductions.
various internal and external issues and concerns related
to the protection of the security of the state. Principles related to understand puberty
Contextualism - a person’s surrounding influences his/her
Unit II: The Self and Self-awareness biological development.
Self is defined as the entirety of an individual’s Plasticity - the assumption that the environment affects
consciousness. It is the sum of how you are feeling, the development of the adolescent’s brain (Susman &
thinking and acting within your surroundings. Rogol, 2004).
Self-awareness is described as the profound Interactionism - assumes that a person’s genetics and
understanding of your own emotions, positive and his/her environment work together to influence his/ her
negative characteristics, needs and motivations. It is your development (Susman & Rogol, 2004).
deep knowledge and appreciation of your own feelings,
traits, wants and aspirations (Hedges, 2019). Identity Development
Identity is defined as the amalgamation of an adolescent’s - They must posses’ real estate in the country that
different traits. Identity is what makes you unique from is worth Php 5,000 or more, and have a profitable
other people. trade or lawful occupation.
- They must be able to speak English, Spanish or
Four stages of adolescent identity development any of the principal languages in the country.
Channeling - This stage is characterized by the emergence - They should have lived in the country
of new expectations and new roles for adolescence. continuously for not less than 10 years.
Selection - In this stage, adolescents are exposed to - They should be in good moral standing.
different-to-different future possibilities. - They must have enrolled their children in any
Adjustment - During this phase, the adolescents’ strategies recognized school in the country.
for reaching their goals do no always succeed. Possible reasons to lose a Filipino Citizenship
Reflection - The last stage is characterized by adolescents - Being naturalized in another country
contemplating and making sense of their experiences. - Define rejection of citizenship
- Pledging oath of allegiance toward another
Unit III: Citizenship Training: The Filipino Citizen country’s constitution when reaching 21 years or
more
Filipino – refers to a Spanish born in the Philippines - Being in the armed forces of a foreign country
(Insular or Creole) to distinguish from a Spanish-born in - Cancellation of the certificates of naturalization
the Philippines (Peninsular). Local inhabitants of the - If women acquire the nationality of a foreign
Philippines called themselves “Filipinos” in the 19 th century husband
as a means to establish the identity of the Filipino nation. - Becoming a deserter of the armed forces
Duties and obligations of Filipino citizens
Citizen – a title given to a bona fide member of a - Citizens have the obligation to defend the
community or a country. Republic and the flag, defend and contribute to
the state, support the constitution and cooperate
Filipino Citizenship – refers to the membership of citizens to authorities.
to the Filipino nation, a country that withstood numerous - They need to respect the rights of others.
struggles to attain its present independence. - They have to become productive citizens and
have productive sources of income to sustain
Indigenous Peoples of the Philippines – the original their families
inhabitants of the Philippines who belong to certain ethno- - They have the right and the obligation to vote
linguistic groups and reside in a particular ancestral
domain. Definition of National Security
The Philippines’ National Security Policy (NSP) defines
Two ways of acquiring Filipino citizenship national security as “a condition that protects the well-
By Birth: either by blood relationship (jus sanguinis) or by being of people, government institutions, territory and
place of birth (jus soli). They known as natural-born independence”
citizens.
By voluntary means: Committing to judicial acts to acquire National Security summarized into three pillars
citizenship. Also known as naturalized citizens. - I: Upholding the national unity, democracy, and
Requirements to become naturalized citizens of the social institutions of the country.
Philippines. - II: Protecting the independence integrity, and
- They should be 21 years old and above on the territory of the country.
hearing day. - III: Protecting belongings and structures.
 o Ensuring the safety of people from Global and Regional Geopolitical Issues
threats - Disagreements of the Philippines with various
o Creating job opportunities in the regions like the Middle East, the Korean
country. Peninsula, Southeast Asia, Sabah, China and
Eight National Security Interests Taiwan.
- Public Safety, Law and Order and Justice; - Other contested rivalries with the United States.
- Socio-political Stability; Global Uncertainties and Proliferation of Weapons of
- Economic Solidarity and Sustainable Development Mass Destruction
- Territorial Integrity - Intensifying global economic instability
- Ecological Balance - Well-being of OFWs
- Cultural Cohesiveness - Propagation of weapons of mass destruction
- Moral and Spiritual Consensus Other Strategic Issues and Challenges
- International Peace and Cooperation - Cybercrime
- Climate change
International Environment Threats – refers to threats that - Other institutional concerns
operate within the bounds of the Philippine territory.
Law and Order and Administration of Justice The 12-point National Security Agenda
Reinforcing the criminal justice systems’ five pillars: - Human and Political Security
- Law enforcement - Military and Border Security
- The Courts of Law - Maritime and Airspace Security
- The Prosecution - Health Security
- Jail Systems - Sociocultural Security
- The Community - Economic and Financial Security
Internal Armed Conflicts - Environment and Disaster Security
- Three-decade-old communist rebellion - Informational and Cyber Security
- Islamic separatist groups in Mindanao - Food and Water Security
Terrorism and Transnational Crimes - Energy Security
- Other local terrorist groups - Transportation and Port Security
- Transnational crimes perpetrated by international
syndicates. Government seeks to improve these as a great source of
Economic and Social Threats national power and economic growth
- Increase in poverty rate Human Capital Development – investing in the education
- The gap in the incomes of rich and the poor of the youth as the cornerstone of development and
- Increase in unemployment and nation-building.
underemployment rate Legal framework for National Security – enacting
appropriate legislation to address threats while protecting
External Environment Threats – pertain to threats that the nation’s interests.
originate outside the territory of the Philippines but may Defense and Law Enforcement Spending and
affect the security of the country. Modernization – strengthening the defense and peace-
Overlapping Territorial Claims and Maritime Domain keeping capacities of the military and the police.
Issues Strategic Industries/Flagship Projects – renewing the
- Disputes in maritime boundaries that threaten emphasis on sustained economic growth and national
regional peace and stability security by pursuing strategic projects under the Public
- Maritime interests in various territories Private Partnership (PPP) or through the National Security
- Disputes over the West Philippine Sea (WPS) and Flagship Projects that focus on the improvement of
the country’s science and technology, environmental and implement response activities after they happen, as
transportation programs. highlighted in the NDRRM Framework.”

Hazard – an unsafe event, object, human action, or status The NDRRMC is typically comprised by the Department of
that may cause injury, death, damage to property, loss of National Defense (DND), the Department of Interior and
sources of income, social and economic disturbance, or Local Government (DILG), the Department of Social
damage to the environment. Welfare and Development (DSWD), and the National
Economic and Development Authority (NEDA).
Risk – when a dangerous event and its hazardous
consequences are combined. The reasons for the rich ecological features of the
Philippines
Hazard profile – a record of the data on a base map of the - Biodiversity
different types of hazards and risks presents in a particular - Forest Ecosystem
locale. - Agricultural Lands
- Mineral Wealth
Natural hazards – include biological, geophysical or - Energy Sources
geological, climatological, hydrological and meteorological - Water Resources
hazards.
Key contemporary issues in Philippine environment
Human-induced hazards – include nuclear, technological Threatened biodiversity and deforestation
and chemical hazards. - Loss of species can disrupt food chains, food webs
and broader ecological processes.
Disaster – a critical disturbance in the daily operations of a - Biodiverse species are a source of treatment for
community or a society. diseases and will be negatively affected by species
extinction
Disaster Preparedness – the knowledge and capacity of - Disruptions in ecosystems will affect livelihoods
the government and other concerned agencies to predict, derived from nature.
react to and promote recovery from the effects of a Over-extraction and exploitation of mineral resources
hazardous event. - Destruction of forests and oceans, affecting
biodiversity
Hazard – a source of possible danger or destruction - Increase in landslide, subsidence and erosion
hazards
Risk – the chances that a person or an area will be harmed - Pollution of bodies and water
or injured. - Conflicts among mining communities because of
Vulnerability – the trait of a community that makes it displacement of local population (CEC-Philippines,
exposed to higher chances of being harmed or damaged. 2016)
Degradation of coastal ecosystems
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management – comprises all - Conservation International (CEC-Philippines,
activities aimed at increasing the strengths of communities 2012) tagged the Philippines as part of the 11
and the environment and decreasing their vulnerabilities “coral hotspots” or areas with the most-degraded
to mitigate the potential impacts of hazardous events. coral reefs from 2002 – 2011.
Climate Change
“It is more effective to prepare for and to lessen the - This is a complex phenomenon involving a
impacts of hazards and disasters rather than to merely significant change in measure of climate,
observed for long periods.
 - Zero Waste – this means the reduction on the
“The Philippines is very rich in environmental and natural volumes of waste products from production to
resources such as mountains, forests, bodies of water, consumption.
agricultural lands, biodiversity and mineral resources. This - Closed Loop Production – as an alternative to the
abundance could potentially lift all Filipinos out of poverty. linear system, this incorporates zero waste,
However, the current economic system and forms of producer responsibility elimination of toxic inputs,
governance need to make important changes to address renewable energy, and sustainable consumption.
rapidly increasing cases of environmental degradation and - Local Living Economies – composed of local
inequality.” enterprises.

“Contemporary environmental issues include biodiversity “Environmental justice incorporates the two important
concepts of social inclusion (taking care of the well-being
loss, deforestation, mineral plunder, destruction of coastal of the poor) and sustainability. Environmental protection is
resources and climate change.” interconnected with the goals of social justice and social
development.”

“Environmental protection needs a committed and “There are several innovative alternatives to the ongoing
destructive economic system. These are the closed loop
comprehensive strategy to overhaul the economic system. system, local living economies, zero waste, as well as
The government needs to initiate environmental various collective actions to uphold environmental
protection.”
accountability, which cascades to increased awareness and
actions among the people to scale up efforts in protecting “The youth are not passive victims of environmental
degradation. In effect, they have strong voices and big
the environment.”
roles to play in environmental justice work. These include
working in solidarity with poor communities; learning more
about environmental issues; educating other people; and
Environmental Justice
extending technical assistance regarding alternative
- Rich ecosystem services and environmental solutions such as the co-creation of green technologies,
zero waste designing in products, sustainable and non-
wealth are great resources to lift people out of
toxic food systems, agriculture, and infrastructure.”
poverty;
Drugs – these are chemicals that alter an individual’s
- Improper use of environment and natural
physical, psychological and behavioral.
resources lead to environmental decline and
degradation; Drug Abuse – This is the legal of illegal use of chemicals
that may cause impairment in the physical, psychological
- Environmental degradation severely affects the or behavioral functioning of individuals.
poor more than the affluent sectors of the
- Using drugs without a doctor’s prescription;
society; - Using drugs for a purpose other than the doctor’s
- The poor suffer more from floods, droughts, prescription; and
- Using drugs for non-medical purposes
typhoons, health impacts, and declines in forest
and coastal resources; and Two forms of drug dependence
- The poor also lack equitable access to
Drug Addictions – refers to the psycho-behavioral
environment and natural resources, which condition where an individual’s need to obtain and to use
ironically paves more privileges for richer drugs become a strong fixation.

individuals and corporations to gain benefits from Drug Habituation – is merely a psychical craving for the
nature (UNDP, 2014). drug with little or no tendency to increase drug dosage.

Relevant Laws on Dangerous Drugs

Innovations in Economic Processes
- Green Chemistry – This is the utilization of - Republic Act No. 9165: Comprehensive Dangerous
Drugs act of 2002
chemical processes from the production up to - Republic Act No. 6425: The Dangerous Drugs act
disposal of stuff that does not pollute the of 1972

environment. The other pertinent laws on drugs

 - Executive Order No. 218 (Strengthening the “The main factors related to drug abuse are environment
Support Mechanism for the Philippine Drug and genetics.”
Enforcement Agency)
- Republic Act No. 10640 (An Act to Further
Strengthen the Anti-Drug Campaign of the
Government).

The common classifications of dangerous drugs are

narcotics, depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens and
inhalants.

Drug addiction – refers to the uninhibited behavioral

tendency to use dangerous drugs despite knowledge ofo
their capacity to cause physical, relational and economic
problems (Wilson & Kolander, 2003).

Common consequences experienced by drug users

- Looking or longing for the drug on a regular basis

- Wasteful spending to purchase more drugs, which
may lead to serious economic problems
- Manifesting inability to perform roles and
responsibilities in school, work, family and
community
- Committing other crimes to supplement the drug
addictions
- Experiencing withdrawal symptoms (Burke,
O’Sullivan, & Vaughan 2005).

Cause and Risk Factors of Drug Abuse

Cause – the main factors related to drug abuse are:

- Environment – comprises influences found in the

surrounding. These may be related to culture,
education and socialization.
- Genetics – refers to hereditary factors. Some
genetic factors may interact with the drug that
cause the user to get addicted more quickly.

Risk Factors – certain specific factors can also affect the

likelihood and rate of developing drug addiction.

- History of addiction in the family

- Mental health problems
- Peer influence
- Low family interactions
- Early exposure
- Level of the drug’s addictiveness (Miller, 2013).

Prevention

The three types of drug prevention interventions.

Universal interventions – are varied forms of assistance

provided to the general population. These are aimed at all
people experiencing problems with dangerous drugs.

Selective interventions – are for specific subgroups who

are extremely at risk for addiction and physical injuries due
to dangerous drugs (Rutter et al., 2015).

Indicated interventions – are for specific subgroups who

are extremely at risk for addictions to dangerous drugs.