Test Bank + Answer Key

Test Bank for CORRECTIONS 21ST CENTURY 8th Edition by

Frank Schmalleger , John Smykla

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Book Title: CORRECTIONS 21ST CENTURY

Edition: 8th Edition

Author: Frank Schmalleger , John Smykla

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 Chapter 01 Corrections: An Overview Answer Key

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following statements is true of the crime rates and the prison population in the
United States?

A. Serious crime continues to increase, while the prison population continues to

decrease.
B. Serious crime continues to decrease, while the prison population continues to
increase.
C. Serious crime continues to increase, causing the prison population to
increase.
D. Serious crime continues to decrease, causing the prison population to
decrease.

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2. A serious criminal offense that is punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison facility for
more than a year is called a(n) _____.

A. infraction
B. misdemeano
r
C. felony
D. perjury

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3. Which among the following is an example of a felony?

A. Burglar
y
B. Simple
assault
C. Jaywalkin
g
D. Littering

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4. A relatively minor violation of the criminal law, such as petty theft or simple assault, punishable
by confinement for one year or less is called a(n) _____.

A. infraction
B. misdemeano
r
C. felony
D. perjury

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5. Which among the following is an example of a misdemeanor?

A. Robber
y
B. Simple
assault
C. Arso
n
D. Jaywalkin
g

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6. A minor violation of a state statute or local ordinance punishable by a fine or other penalty, or
by a specified, usually very short term of incarceration, is called a(n) _____.

A. infraction
B. misdemeano
r
C. felony
D. perjury

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7. Which among the following is an example of an infraction?

A. Murder
B. Breaking and
entering
C. Littering
D. Auto theft

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8. Who among the following is a correctional client?

A. A recreation coordinator
B. A unit
leader
C. A field administrator
D. A probationer

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9. Identify a component of the criminal justice system.

A. Court
s
B. Sole
proprietorship
C. Arbitration
D. Cooperative
s

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10. A prosecutor's choice to drop charges after filing them is called _____.

A. nollo judicus
B. nolo contendere
C. nolle prosequi
D. noelle
persecutus

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11. The main function of the preliminary hearing is to:

A. ensure the incarceration and rehabilitation of adults and juveniles convicted of offenses
against the law.
B. determine whether there is cause to believe that the accused committed a crime within the
jurisdiction of the court.
C. ensure the maintenance and upkeep of the correctional facilities that are used for
incarceration.
D. determine whether there are adequate facilities in the correctional facilities for the
convicted offenders.

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12. The process by which a court arrives at a final decision in a case is called _____.

A. arbitration
B. arraignment
C. certification
D. adjudication

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13. If a defendant accepts a penalty without admitting guilt, it is called _____.

A. nollo judicus
B. nolo contendere
C. nolle prosequi
D. noelle
persecutus

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14. The various aspects of the pretrial and postconviction management of individuals accused or
convicted of crimes are referred to as _____.

A. adjudication
s
B. correction
s
C. arraignment
s
D. incarceration
s

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True / False Questions

15. The current rate of imprisonment in the United States is close to an all-time high.

TRUE

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16. Murder, rape, aggravated assault, robbery, burglary, and arson are felonies in all jurisdictions
within the United States.

TRUE

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17. A few states make conviction of a felony and the resulting incarceration grounds for
uncontested divorce.

TRUE

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18. Some crimes classified as felonies in one part of the country may be misdemeanors in
another.

TRUE

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19. Major violations of the law that often involve long-term incarceration are called infractions.

FALSE

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20. The process of achieving justice through the application of the criminal law and through the
workings of the criminal justice system is called criminal justice.

TRUE

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21. The process of criminal justice begins when a convicted criminal enters the correctional
system.

FALSE

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22. The criminal justice system does not respond to all crime because of the sheer volume of
crime in the United States.

FALSE

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23. Nolo Contendere pleas are used by defendants who wish to contest conviction.

FALSE

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24. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, noninstitutional corrections, which is sometimes
called community corrections, includes pardon, probation, and parole activities, correctional
administration not directly connectable to institutions, and miscellaneous [activities] not directly
related to institutional care.

TRUE

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Fill in the Blank Questions

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25. _____ refers to the overuse of correctional facilities, particularly prisons, in the United States.

Mass incarceration

26. _____ is defined as criminal laws and criminal justice institutions, policies, and practices that
achieve justice in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to have
the benefits of a just society.

Sustainable justice

27.
A serious criminal offense that is punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison facility for
more than a year is called a(n) _____.

felony

28. A relatively minor violation of the criminal law, such as petty theft or simple assault, punishable
by confinement for one year or less is called a(n) _____.

misdemeanor

29. The collection of all the agencies that perform criminal justice functions is referred to as the
_____.

criminal justice system

30. A prosecutor can drop charges after filing them. Such a choice is called _____.

nolle prosequi

31. _____ is the process by which a court arrives at a decision in a case.

Adjudication

32. An appearance in court prior to trial in a criminal proceeding is called a(n) _____.

arraignment

33. If a defendant accepts a penalty without admitting guilt, it is called _____.

nolo contendere

34. After losing all their available direct appeals, state prisoners may also seek to have their
convictions reviewed collaterally in the federal courts via a(n) _____.

writ of habeas corpus

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