HTML Fundamentals
1. What does HTML stand for?
👉 HyperText Markup Language. It structures web content.
2. What is the difference between HTML and CSS?
👉 HTML defines structure, CSS defines style.
3. What are block-level elements?
👉 Elements that take the full width and start on a new line (e.g., <div>, <p>, <h1>).
4. What are inline elements?
👉 Elements that stay within the same line (e.g., <span>, <a>, <img>).
5. What is the purpose of the <head> tag?
👉 Contains metadata (title, charset, styles, etc.) not shown directly on the page.
Text Formatting
6. How to make text bold in HTML?
👉 <b> or <strong>.
7. How to make text italic in HTML?
👉 <i> or <em>.
8. What’s the difference between <b> and <strong>?
👉 <b> = bold (visual). <strong> = important (semantic + bold).
9. What’s the difference between <i> and <em>?
👉 <i> = italic (visual). <em> = emphasized (semantic + italic).
10. How to add a line break?
👉 <br>.
Hyperlinks
11. How to create a hyperlink?
<a href="https://webberax.com">Visit Webberax</a>
12. How to open a link in a new tab?
👉 Use target="_blank" in <a>.
13. How to create an email link?
14. What’s the difference between relative and absolute URLs?
👉 Relative = path inside the site. Absolute = full URL (https://...).
15. What attribute is used for tooltips in links?
👉 title.
Images
16. How to insert an image?
<img src="logo.png" alt="Company Logo">
17. Why is the alt attribute important?
👉 Accessibility + shows if image fails to load.
18. How to set image width & height?
👉 Use attributes: width="200" height="100".
19. What happens if the src of an image is broken?
👉 The alt text appears.
20. How to make an image a clickable link?
<a href="https://webberax.com"><img src="logo.png"></a>
Lists
21. What is the difference between <ul> and <ol>?
👉 <ul> = unordered (bullets), <ol> = ordered (numbers).
22. How to create a definition list?
<dl>
<dt>HTML</dt>
<dd>HyperText Markup Language</dd>
</dl>
23. Can we nest lists inside each other?
👉 Yes, <ul> or <ol> can be inside <li>.
24. What’s the default bullet style of <ul>?
👉 A solid black disc.
25. How to change list style in email?
👉 Use inline CSS:
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
Tables (important for email templates)
26. How to create a simple table?
<table>
<tr><td>Cell 1</td><td>Cell 2</td></tr>
</table>
27. What is <thead>, <tbody>, <tfoot>?
👉 Sections of a table (header, body, footer).
28. What does colspan do?
👉 Merges cells horizontally.
29. What does rowspan do?
👉 Merges cells vertically.
30. Why are tables used in email templates?
👉 Because many email clients don’t support advanced CSS (grid/flexbox).
Forms (limited in email)
31. How to create a form in HTML?
<form>
<input type="text">
<input type="submit">
</form>
32. Why are forms avoided in emails?
👉 Most email clients don’t support them → bad user experience.
33. What are common <input> types?
👉 text, password, checkbox, radio, submit, email.
34. How to label a form element?
<label for="name">Name:</label>
<input id="name" type="text">
35. What’s the difference between <button> and <input type="submit">?
👉 Both submit forms, but <button> can hold HTML (icons/text).
Email-Specific HTML
36. Why use inline CSS in emails?
👉 Many email clients strip <style> blocks.
37. Which CSS properties are safe in email?
👉 Fonts, colors, padding, borders (avoid flexbox, JS, animations).
38. Which tags are NOT supported in email HTML?
👉 <script>, <video>, <iframe>, <link>.
39. Why should we use tables for layouts instead of <div>?
👉 <div> may render inconsistently in email clients.
40. Why should we define image sizes in HTML attributes instead of CSS in emails?
👉 Some clients ignore CSS width/height.
🔹Miscellaneous
41. What is the purpose of the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration?
👉 Defines the document type → HTML5.
42. What’s the difference between <div> and <span>?
👉 <div> = block, <span> = inline.
43. What are semantic HTML tags?
👉 Tags with meaning (e.g., <header>, <footer>, <article>).
44. Is semantic HTML important for emails?
👉 Less important, since tables are preferred, but <strong> and <em> still matter.
45. What is the difference between <head> and <body>?
👉 <head> = metadata, <body> = content.
Email Campaign Specific
46. Why is responsive design tricky in email?
👉 Media queries & CSS support vary by client.
47. What is the safe maximum email width?
👉 ~600px (fits all devices).
48. How do you add a background color in email HTML?
<body style="background-color:#f4f4f4;">
49. How do you center content in email HTML?
👉 Use table alignment: <table align="center">.
50. Why should we avoid external fonts in email templates?
👉 Many clients don’t support @font-face; fallback fonts are safer.
Linux Fundamentals Interview Questions & Answers
Basics & OS Concepts
1. What is Linux?
👉 An open-source, Unix-like operating system kernel.
2. What are the main Linux distributions?
👉 Ubuntu, CentOS, Fedora, Debian, Red Hat, SUSE.
3. What is the difference between Linux and Unix?
👉 Unix = proprietary, Linux = open-source, Unix-inspired.
4. What is the Linux kernel?
👉 Core part of the OS managing hardware, processes, and memory.
5. What are runlevels in Linux?
👉 Different modes of operation (e.g., 0 = halt, 3 = multi-user, 5 = GUI, 6 = reboot).
File System
6. What is the Linux file system hierarchy?
👉 Root /, with directories like /bin, /etc, /home, /var, /tmp.
7. What is the difference between absolute and relative paths?
👉 Absolute starts from /, relative starts from current directory.
8. How to list files in a directory?
👉 ls, ls -l, ls -a.
9. What command shows current working directory?
👉 pwd.
10. How to view hidden files?
👉 ls -a.
File Operations
11. How to create a file in Linux?
👉 touch file.txt, nano file.txt, vi file.txt.
12. How to delete a file?
👉 rm file.txt.
13. How to copy files?
👉 cp file1 file2.
14. How to move or rename files?
👉 mv file1 file2.
15. How to find a file by name?
👉 find / -name file.txt.
🔹 Permissions
16. What are file permissions in Linux?
👉 Read (r), write (w), execute (x).
17. How to view file permissions?
👉 ls -l.
18. What does chmod 755 file mean?
👉 Owner: rwx, Group: r-x, Others: r-x.
19. What command changes file ownership?
👉 chown user:group file.
20. How to change group ownership only?
👉 chgrp groupname file.
Users & Groups
21. How to create a new user?
👉 useradd username.
22. How to change user password?
👉 passwd username.
23. How to switch user in Linux?
👉 su - username.
24. What is the root user?
👉 Superuser with full privileges.
25. How to check which user you are logged in as?
👉 whoami.
Processes
26. How to see running processes?
👉 ps, ps aux, top.
27. How to kill a process?
👉 kill PID, kill -9 PID.
28. What is the difference between foreground and background process?
👉 Foreground = active in terminal; background = runs behind using &.
29. How to bring a background process to foreground?
👉 fg %jobid.
30. What is the difference between kill and killall?
👉 kill targets by PID, killall by process name.
🔹 Networking
31. How to check current IP address?
👉 ifconfig or ip addr.
32. How to test connectivity to another host?
👉 ping hostname.
33. How to check open ports?
👉 netstat -tuln or ss -tuln.
34. How to download a file from terminal?
👉 wget URL or curl -O URL.
35. How to check DNS resolution?
👉 nslookup domain.com or dig domain.com.
Disk & Storage
36. How to check disk usage?
👉 df -h.
37. How to check folder size?
👉 du -sh folder/.
38. How to mount a filesystem?
👉 mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/data.
39. How to unmount a filesystem?
👉 umount /mnt/data.
40. How to check free memory?
👉 free -h.
Package Management
41. How to install a package in Ubuntu/Debian?
👉 apt-get install package.
42. How to install a package in Red Hat/CentOS?
👉 yum install package.
43. How to update all packages?
👉 apt-get update && apt-get upgrade.
44. How to remove a package?
👉 apt-get remove package.
45. How to search for a package?
👉 apt-cache search package.
Shell & Scripting
46. What is a shell in Linux?
👉 Command-line interpreter (e.g., bash, zsh).
47. How to check the current shell?
👉 echo $SHELL.
48. How to make a script executable?
👉 chmod +x script.sh.
49. How to run a shell script?
👉 ./script.sh or bash script.sh.
50. What is the difference between sh and bash?
👉 bash = extended shell with more features, sh = basic Bourne shell.
Digital Marketing Interview Questions & Answers
Digital Marketing Basics
1. What is digital marketing?
👉 Promotion of products/services using digital channels (SEO, PPC, Social Media, Email, etc.).
2. What are the main channels of digital marketing?
👉 SEO, SEM, Social Media, Content, Email, Influencer Marketing, Display Ads.
3. Difference between SEO and SEM?
👉 SEO = organic traffic optimization. SEM = paid ads (Google Ads, PPC).
4. What is PPC?
👉 Pay-Per-Click – advertisers pay when users click their ad.
5. What is CTR?
👉 Click-Through Rate = (Clicks ÷ Impressions) × 100.
SEO (Search Engine Optimization)
6. What are on-page SEO factors?
👉 Title tags, meta descriptions, headings, keyword optimization, internal linking.
7. What are off-page SEO factors?
👉 Backlinks, social signals, guest posting, domain authority.
8. What is technical SEO?
👉 Optimizing crawlability, site speed, mobile-friendliness, XML sitemaps.
9. What are keywords?
👉 Words/phrases people search in search engines.
10. Difference between short-tail and long-tail keywords?
👉 Short-tail = broad & competitive ("shoes"). Long-tail = specific ("best running shoes for
men").
🔹 Google Ads & SEM
11. What is Quality Score in Google Ads?
👉 Metric (1-10) based on ad relevance, CTR, and landing page experience.
12. What is Ad Rank?
👉 Position of ad = Bid × Quality Score.
13. Difference between CPC and CPM?
👉 CPC = cost per click, CPM = cost per 1000 impressions.
14. What is remarketing?
👉 Showing ads to users who already visited your site.
15. What is a landing page?
👉 A web page created for a marketing campaign to convert visitors.
🔹 Social Media Marketing
16. What are KPIs in social media marketing?
👉 Engagement, reach, impressions, conversions, CTR.
17. Which platforms are most effective for B2B vs B2C?
👉 B2B = LinkedIn, Twitter. B2C = Instagram, Facebook, TikTok.
18. What is influencer marketing?
👉 Collaboration with individuals who have strong online followings.
19. How to calculate engagement rate?
👉 (Likes + Comments + Shares) ÷ Followers × 100.
20. What is social listening?
👉 Monitoring online conversations about a brand/industry.
🔹 Content Marketing
21. What is the role of content in digital marketing?
👉 Builds trust, drives traffic, generates leads.
22. What is evergreen content?
👉 Content that stays relevant long-term (e.g., “How to Bake a Cake”).
23. Difference between B2B and B2C content strategy?
👉 B2B = informative, professional. B2C = emotional, engaging.
24. What is a content calendar?
👉 A plan for when/where content will be published.
25. What is repurposing content?
👉 Reusing existing content in new formats (e.g., blog → infographic).
🔹 Email Marketing
26. What are the main components of an email campaign?
👉 Subject line, body content, CTA, segmentation.
27. What is email segmentation?
👉 Dividing subscribers into groups (e.g., location, behavior).
28. What is A/B testing in emails?
👉 Testing two variations (subject line, CTA) to see which performs better.
29. What is the difference between hard bounce and soft bounce?
👉 Hard = invalid email. Soft = temporary delivery issue.
30. What is an email open rate?
👉 % of recipients who opened an email.
Analytics & Tools
31. What is Google Analytics used for?
👉 Tracking website traffic, user behavior, conversions.
32. What is bounce rate?
👉 % of visitors leaving without interacting.
33. What is session vs user in Analytics?
👉 Session = one visit. User = unique visitor (may have multiple sessions).
34. What is conversion tracking?
👉 Measuring when a visitor completes a goal (purchase, signup).
35. What is a UTM parameter?
👉 Tag added to URLs to track campaigns in Analytics.
Trends & Strategy
36. What is mobile-first indexing?
👉 Google primarily uses mobile version of sites for ranking.
37. What is voice search optimization?
👉 Optimizing content for voice assistants (long-tail, conversational keywords).
38. What is growth hacking?
👉 Low-cost, creative marketing strategies for rapid growth.
39. What is omnichannel marketing?
👉 Providing a seamless experience across all channels (web, mobile, social, offline).
40. What is the difference between inbound and outbound marketing?
👉 Inbound = attracting customers via content (SEO, blogs). Outbound = pushing ads (TV, cold
emails).
Practical & Scenario-Based
41. How would you increase website traffic organically?
👉 SEO optimization, content marketing, backlinks, social media.
42. How would you reduce a high bounce rate?
👉 Improve page speed, mobile design, clear CTAs, relevant content.
43. What digital tools have you used?
👉 Google Ads, Analytics, SEMrush, Ahrefs, Mailchimp, Canva, Hootsuite.
44. How would you measure ROI of a campaign?
👉 ROI = (Revenue – Cost) ÷ Cost × 100.
45. What’s the biggest challenge in digital marketing today?
👉 Keeping up with algorithm updates & data privacy rules.
🔹 Company-Focused (Webberax, Vintorix, Dotnix LLP)
46. Why should we hire you for a digital marketing role?
👉 (Your personal pitch: skills + tools + results-driven mindset).
47. How do you handle negative comments on social media?
👉 Respond politely, resolve privately, show professionalism.
48. How do you choose the right platform for a campaign?
👉 Based on target audience, goals, and content type.
49. What’s your approach to keyword research?
👉 Use tools (Google Keyword Planner, SEMrush), check intent, volume, difficulty.
50. How do you stay updated with digital marketing trends?
👉 Following blogs (Neil Patel, Moz, HubSpot), Google updates, webinars.
