Name: Nurshamira Binti Mohamad Shakri
Critical Review of A Journal
The are too many description on the concept of Learning Theory on this journal but the main
point of each descriptions lead to the same particular idea .As stated, the ‘theory’ itself can be
describe as a concept on how something works while ‘learning’ itself indicates the process on human
gaining knowledge or skills. Therefore, the Learning Theory itself can be describe as a set of
principals which indicate on how human gaining, understand and retaining the knowledge. In this
journal, the author emphasizes more on the four different types of learning theories which are
Behaviourism, Cognitivism, Constructivism and Humanism.
There is a flow between these learning theories which each of them works out in a different
condition and matter. For the first one, Behaviourism, which is worldview that operates on a
principle of physical response or stimulus response which deny the consideration of the internal
mental state or consciousness alone. It is believe that human behavior can be shaped through the
operant conditioning method which by using the reinforcement of reward and punishment. On the
other hand, Cognitivism is just another different side of learning theory which indicates that the right
learning process would not denied the mental state and conciousness. In fact, it is believe that the
cognitive process hold the bigger impact on the learning process not just rather the stimulus-
response-reinforcement process. Meanwhile, Constructivism is another learning theory which
indicates more on two ways learning process, giving and taking. Derived from the Constructivism,
this type of learning theory insist that it is important to have the active learning process. There is a
participation from student or receiver on building the knowledge using their cognitive learning and
not just accepting the knowledge. This theory is very different with the earlier two by focusing more
on the student-centredness process. The last one would be the Humanism. Overall, this theory
indicates that a learning process should be done by concerning more on humanity values. The
Behaviorism is very opposed to this one, while behaviourism insist that learning process can be the
best learn by physical response, Humanism cast away the behaviorism rules by giving freedom in
their learning process. It is believe that human has it own variety of learning stimulus, mentally and
physically concerning by their values and choices.
At the end, once again, each and every theories mentioned are a legit theories in the learning
process. A teacher are free to adapt any of these learning theories based on its appropriateness in
learning process.
