TECHNICAL GUIDELINES FOR THE

DESIGN AND INSTALLATION OF WEHOLITE SYSTEMS FOR

STORMWATER MANAGEMENT, SANITARY NETWORKS AND
FLOOD CONTROL

Edition 1 - September 2020

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 3
1.1 Scope of this Technical Manual
1.2 Introduction to Weholite
1.3 Advantages of Weholite
1.4 The Weholite Range
1.5 Typical Weholite Pipes and Fittings
CHAPTER 2. WEHOLITE PRODUCTS – GUIDANCE FOR DESIGN 14
2.1 General Aspects of Design
2.2 Structural Design of Weholite Pipes
2.3 Structural Design of Weholite Manholes
CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION GUIDELINES FOR WEHOLITE PRODUCTS 30
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Installation guidelines for Weholite Pipes
3.3 Installation Guidelines for Weholite Manholes
CHAPTER 4. WEHOLITE JOINTING
4.1 Heat Extrusion Jointing 37
4.2 Flexseal Couplings
4.3 Lateral Connections
4.4 Weholite Flat Bands
4.5 Connections to Concrete Structures
CHAPTER 5. WEHOLITE LOADING, TRANSPORTATION, HANDLING AND 44
STORAGE
5.1 General Aspects
5.2 Weholite Loading and Transportation
5.2 Weholite Storage
5.3 Weholite Handling
CHAPTER 6. POST INSTALLATION TESTING, COMMISSIONING AND 47
MAINTENANCE OF WEHOLITE SYSTEMS
6.1 Final Inspection
6.2 Testing
6.3 Commissioning
6.4 Maintenance
CHAPTER 7. QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR WEHOLITE PIPES 49
7.1 Test Report from TBS for Weholite Pipes
7.2 Tested Product Certificate from TBS
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Scope of this Technical Manual

This Manual provides the reader with an informative guide to designing and installing
Weholite products. It contains essential information; however, it does not constitute a
definitive solution for the many uses and applications of Weholite.

Weholite products are manufactured by Plasco Limited in Tanzania and MegaPipes

Solutions Limited in Kenya. They are used extensively throughout the construction
industry. Applications include road and rail culverts, flood defences, drinking water
applications, sewerage, biogas, drainage, marine solutions, venting, ecological heating
and cooling and engineered solutions. With the largest range of diameters and the
most sophisticated fabrication facilities in East Africa, the benefits of using Weholite are
evident.

1.2 Introduction to Weholite

Weholite is a patented high quality structured-wall pipe with smooth internal and
external surfaces and is manufactured by welding an extruded, spirally wound profile of
high-density polyethylene (HDPE), to form a pipe. With Weholite, raw material properties
have been combined with advanced production technology to create a lightweight
engineered solution with superior loading capacity that is chemically inert and provides
a 100-year design life. Weholite HDPE pipes and fittings are manufactured at facilities in
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and in Nairobi, Kenya under license from Uponor Oy of Finland.

Weholite structured-wall pipe provides all the technical advantages of equivalent solid
wall HDPE pipes but with substantial savings in weight, combining greater ease of
installation with increased cost effectiveness. Installation is quick and reliable, even in
poor ground conditions. Weholite pipe has a natural ability to “flex”, which enables it
to adjust to different loading conditions, vibrations, stress and soil movements without
causing damage to the structure of the pipe.

Weholite pipe can be designed and manufactured for gravity and low-pressure
applications with up to 1.0 bar internal pressure, and with Weholite there are jointing
methods available to suit the requirements of the different applications.

Products made from either Global leading brands Weholite or Wehopanel provide a
bespoke, fully designed modular solution. Factory built to high precision and pressure
tested for integrity, they clearly demonstrate whole cost benefits of the Build Offsite and
Modular Construction philosophies that are growing throughout the industry.

3
 1.3 Advantages of Weholite

Weholite Physical Properties

Weholite pipes are made from high density polyethylene – HDPE - and represent a
significant contribution in the development of thermoplastic pipe systems. In the design
of water distribution systems, thermoplastic pipes represent an interesting alternative
because of their excellent physical, hydraulic and mechanical properties. Manufactured
from corrosion-resistant HDPE, Weholite pipes behave differently to traditional steel,
ductile iron, concrete and other pipe systems.

Weholite pipe properties have many decisive benefits for piping systems, which include:

• Light weight
• Flexible
• Easy to Handle and Install
• Impact Resistant
• Durable
• Superior Hydraulics Properties
• Fusion Welded Joints
• Watertight Mechanical joints
• Abrasion Resistant
• Corrosion Resistant
• Environmental Deterioration Resistant
• Non-Toxic
• Much lower carbon footprint
• Environmentally Friendly Production
• UV-Resistant
• Reliability
• 100-year design life when buried (60 years above ground in normal climatic
conditions)
• Eliminating System Infiltration

Weight

Weholite is an excellent choice because of its light weight. Installation is quick and
reliable, with the pipes easily transported to the jobsite, even in poor ground conditions.
Light pipe materials have a distinct advantage for foundation work, because Weholite
does not apply as much load to its bedding as do heavier pipe materials.

Low pipe weight reduces costs and shortens the installation time, and owing to light
weight, Weholite pipes do not require heavy equipment for laying a pipeline or for
unloading the pipes at the construction site.

4
Impact Resistance

Weholite is manufactured from HDPE which has a high resistance to impact at low
temperatures, even down to -40°C. This means it will not sustain damage during
handling or transportation when there are extremely adverse weather conditions.

Handling and Installation

Installing Weholite pipework is simple and easy. Important factors for installation are
the lightweight of the pipe, ease of handling, transporting to the jobsite and method of
installation. Longer pipe lengths speed up the installation time, reduce the number of
joints and help reduce overall installation costs.

Reliability & Durability

Weholite pipes have both outstanding reliability & durability. They offer a corrosion-
free installation, have excellent chemical resistance and have superior abrasion-resistant
qualities, compared to traditional pipe materials, which gives them both reliability and
durability. These claims can be substantiated by the fact that PE pipes have been used
extensively in the mining industry for many years. Installed correctly, PE pipework
systems can provide an effective working life in excess of 100 years.

Weholite pipes are also resistant to changing atmospheric conditions and they can
be installed and transported both in low (i.e., temperatures below freezing point) and
high (i.e., hot tropical and desert temperature conditions) ambient temperatures. This
reliability means that, Weholite pipes are used worldwide regardless of extreme climatic
conditions.

Hydraulics

Weholite pipes are suitable for gravity and low-pressure applications. The corrosive
and abrasion resistant properties of HDPE provide a very durable pipe. Flow rates for
Weholite can be calculated using Colebrook White formula, with a Roughness Coefficient
(ks) of 0.03 mm (Manning’s 0.009). Polyethylene does not readily bond with or adhere
to other materials. Siltation and sliming do not occur in the way they do in traditional
materials, and long-term flow characteristics remain constant.

5
 Roughness Coefficient (Ks)

The Roughness Coefficient (ks) for the Colebrook formula of 0.03mm and the Manning’s
value (n) of 0.009 have been obtained by full scale field hydraulic measurements
undertaken by the Independent Enterprise of Water Supply and Sewage, Civil
Engineering Department of the Technical University Swietkzyska, Poland under the
direction of Professor Andrezej Kuliczkowski, and separately, by The Hydro Research
Centre at Cardiff University in South Wales. These test reports are available upon request.

UV Resistance

The raw material used in the manufactures of Weholite pipes and fittings contains
at least 2% carbon black content, which has an outstanding resistance to ultra-violet
radiation. The black colour has sacrificial UV stabilizers that absorb UV energy to protect
the material from UV deterioration.

Weholite pipes can be stored or installed in the open and above ground and be
exposed to continual UV radiation without aging or having any detrimental effect on its
unprotected surface.

Besides UV stabilizers, Weholite pipe products have also been compounded with
antioxidants and thermal stabilizers to protect them against deterioration from exposure
to weathering effects.

Chemical Resistance

For all practical purposes, Weholite pipes are chemically inert within the normal range of
use. They are resistant to most chemical compounds unlike pipes made of conventional
pipe construction materials (e.g., metal and concrete) that easily corrode and age when
carrying or exposed to corrosive substances.

The resistance, of course, of Weholite pipes to chemical compounds has like all structural
material certain limits that are subject to temperature, liquid concentration and working
pressure.

If there are any doubts about the chemical resistance properties of Weholite pipes,
please contact us.

More information on the chemical resistance of PE is given in ISO 10358.

6
Abrasion Resistance

Weholite pipe material has the following abrasion resistant characteristics.

In the Darmstadt abrasion test (DIN v. 19534, part 2), samples of commonly used pipe
materials are filled with a mixture of sand and water, and then subjected to a specified
number of rocking cycles. The thickness of the abraded pipe material was measured at
regular intervals during this test and the result indicates, in the case of polyethylene (PE)
pipe materials, an exceptionally high abrasion resistance.

For example, on the graph 400,000 load cycles indicate 0.3mm of abraded material
for PE pipes, whereas fibre glass reinforced pipe abraded material is 6-8 times higher.
In general HDPE pipes are highly resistance to abrasion. This is because its molecular
composition creates a “trampoline” response when impacted by tumbling aggregate
such as grit and solids.

Note: As can be seen on the graph, HDPE

(High Density Polyethylene) has the highest
resistance to abrasion of all of the pipe-
manufacturing materials.

Micro-Organism Resistance

Weholite is resistant to all means of deterioration or destruction that exists in nature,

from animals, fungi, bacteria and insects, to acidic soils, atmospheric corrosion, etc.

Physiologically Safe

Weholite pipe is physiologically safe when used for liquids or other food related products
that are intended for either human or animal consumption. Weholite pipe has a smooth
inner surface that neither absorbs chemicals from, nor dissipates contaminants to the
contained liquids.

7
 Temperature Range

Weholite can be used in extreme temperature ranges as stated below:

• 80°C for short-term use
• 45°C for long-term use
• -40°C for long-term use

Carbon Credentials

Weholite can contribute significantly to a reduction in carbon footprint. This is due to the
lightweight, which minimises transportation emissions. Furthermore, due to the ease of
construction, there is a reduction in installation time and a substantial further reduction in
carbon emissions.

Using Weholite Eliminates System Infiltration

Infiltration is defined as storm or groundwater that indirectly enters the system through
cracks and failed joints in pipes, lateral connections and manholes. Infiltration is
characterised by an increase in sewerage flow during rain events followed by a much
slower return to average dry weather flow (AWDF). In areas of high groundwater, the
ADWF may be constantly elevated due to this issue.

Infiltration is a major problem facing water authorities and local communities across
East Africa. Costs run into millions of dollars in managing and treating unwanted water.
Not only that, but when water moves, soil and sediment move with it; entering sewers
and stormwater systems; which, can cause formation of voids and subsequent ground
subsidence as well as surface damage to roads and pavements, not to mention flooding.

Problems caused by infiltration include:

• Taking up valuable capacity of the • Soil and sediment ingress and deposits
sewerage collection and transport system reduce the capacity of the network, block
• Causing sewage overflows and the sewers and increase scour
environmental impacts thereof • Formation of voids in and around sewer
• Costs of labour associated with cleaning up, and stormwater pipes and manholes result
managing and reporting overflows in surface damage and road collapse
• Extra costs of pumping and treatment • Increased insurance and litigation risks
• Increased wear and tear on pump stations • During storm events sewage flows can
and treatment plants increase by 3-5 times ADWF and up to 10
• Increased emissions due to extra pump and times in some networks
treatment operations • A 1.5mm crack can allow 12l/min whilst a
• Overloading treatment plants 3mm crack can allow up to 68kl/day into a
• Underground assets degrade much faster sewer

8
Causes of Infiltration

Whilst older pipes and manholes can very often contribute to infiltration, the wrong
choice of new infrastructure materials can also be a significant source of this issue.

Infiltration in Manholes Infiltration in Pipes

• Precast joints • Settlement and movement of pipe bedding

• Failed cement and poor-quality concrete resulting in joint failure
• Precast joints • Joint damage during construction
• Failed cement at joints • Poorly fitted or damaged joint seals
• Compressed and poorly fitted seals • Root intrusion
• Failed joint rings • Failed or cracked concrete and cement
• Damaged inlet and outlet connections • Cracked or broken pipe sections

Weholite pipes, manholes and fittings do not suffer the same effects that other materials
and types of systems do. The fusion welded jointing system is not susceptible to root
intrusion or breakages and behaves homogeneously with excessive ground movement.
Weholite fittings and manholes are manufactured in the factory and fully tested prior to
delivery. Weholite adds value to the overall system by extending service life and lowering
operating costs. It also reduces the risk of flood events to communities.

Infiltration caused by cracked or leaking joints Infiltration caused by root penetration

Infiltration caused by longitudinal cracks and

damage to pipes

9
 1.4 The Weholite Range

Weholite is manufactured and certificated to meet the material and performance

requirements of ISO 21138 (part 1&2) and EN 13476 (part 1&2), Plastic Piping Systems for
Non-Pressure Underground Drainage and Sewerage.

Internal Standard Pipe Pipe Stiffness Class

Diameter (mm) Lengths (mtrs) (kN/m2)*
350 6, 12 4, 8
400 6, 12 4, 8
450 6, 12 4, 8
500 6, 12 2, 4, 8
600 6, 12 2, 4, 8
700 6, 12 2, 4, 8
800 6, 12 2, 4, 8
900 6, 12 2, 4, 8
1000 6, 12 2, 4, 8
1050** 6, 12 2, 4, 8
1200 6, 12 2, 4, 8
1500 6, 12 2, 4, 8
1800 6, 12 2, 4, 8
2000 6, 12 2, 4
2200 6, 12 2, 4
2400** 6, 12 2, 4
3000** 6, 12 2, 4

* Stiffness class as per ISO 21138-2/EN 13476-2

** Sizes available after Jan 2021

The uniqueness of the Weholite production process means that pipes can be run in ANY
length from 300mm to 30m in one piece. All projects are designed to optimise pipe
length to ensure efficient installation and value engineering. Pipe stiffnesses above SN8
and special designations in between the sizes above are available by special request.

All dimensions are subject to change. Please contact us for technical assistance.

10
1.5 Typical Weholite Pipes and Fittings

Below are illustrations of typical Weholite pipes and fittings. It is by no means an

exhaustive list. Each project is designed on a specific basis with solutions for best value.

Weholite Pipe Tank End

Access Arrangements - Upturned Elbow, Integral, Vertical Shaft, ladders and

HDPE benching

11
 Flow Control Units with Weir Walls, HDPE Benching, Flow Control Device and
stub connections

Manifold Configurations Upturned Elbow, Integral Access Shaft, ladders, Puddle

Flanges and HDPE benching

12
13
 CHAPTER 2. WEHOLITE PRODUCTS – GUIDANCE FOR DESIGN

2.1 General Aspects of Design

Our philosophy of designing in confidence is equalled by our ability to partner with

end users and support them with design guidance. This extends to advising of product
behaviour during installation and when in service, identifying and reducing residual risks
and fully collaborating with project stake holders in all aspects of the project.

The design of any drainage system must be carried out by a competent designer, who
will take overall responsibility for the hydraulic and structural adequacy of the pipes and
structures, together with their long-term serviceability.

The design must take account of all relevant legislation, technical standards, codes of
practice and related documents.

This document provides technical information on Weholite systems which the designer
will require to carry out his design.

Calculations will be provided for the structural design of the pipes, including all the
possible aspects of every scheme (deflection, buckling, flotation etc). These calculations
will be provided to the project designer for him to confirm the acceptability of the
products.

2.2 Structural Design of Weholite Pipes

A flexible pipe by definition will deflect when subjected to external loads. It is a common
assumption that any deformation of a plastic pipe is inherently detrimental and indicative
of failure of the pipe to perform properly. This is a complete misconception. On the
contrary, it is actually an advantage. Refer to the article from The European Plastic Pipe
and Fittings Association (TEPPFA).
https://www.teppfa.eu/latest-news/why-flexibility-is-essential-in-pipes/

Flexibility in buried pipes is a desired attribute. Understanding how the flexible pipe
relates to its neighbouring soil – thereby establishing a functional pipe/soil composite
structure is key to successful design.

A flexible pipe will deflect when subjected to external loads (traffic, soil settlement etc.)
– as opposed to a rigid pipe, which carries all external loads by itself. This is illustrated in
the following diagrams:

14
Flexible pipes are shown on the left of illustration A and B, with rigid pipes shown on the right.
Illustration B demonstrates the effects of overloading in which flexible pipe simply deforms
further whilst the rigid pipe fractures.

A buried pipe and its adjacent soil will attract earth loads and live loads in accordance
with a fundamental principle of structural analysis: stiffer elements will attract greater
proportions of shared load than those that are more flexible. In other words, the more
flexible pipe will attract less crown load than the rigid pipe of the same outer geometry.
This is illustrated in the diagram below.

2.2.1 Buried Structures

Prism Prism
Soil arch

Pipe Crown

FLEXILE PIPE RIGID PIPE

Rigid pipes do not transmit the loads into the surrounding material but instead the loads
are transferred through the pipe wall into the bedding and therefore are subjected to
much greater loads than flexible pipes.

The design of any buried flexible pipe is dependent on several factors including:

• pipe stiffness
• trench width
• properties of the native ground
• type and degree of compaction of bed and surround material

15
 Weholite pipes are designed using limit state principles in accordance with BS EN 1295-1
“Structural design of buried pipelines under various conditions of loading”.

This Standard includes calculation for the pipe deflection and buckling stability. They are
based on Spangler’s formula similar to all the international standards that refer to flexible
pipes.

Detail calculations are provided in accordance with International Standards. This software
calculates deformations, force distribution and stress levels in a Weholite pipe subjected
to earth loads, wheel loads as well as distributed surface loads.

16
2.2.2 Design Consideration for Ground Water Flotation

High ground water can float buried pipe, causing upward movement off-grade as well as
catastrophic upheaval. This is not an issue for plastic pipes alone. Flotation of metal or
concrete pipes may occur at shallow cover when the pipes are empty.

Flotation occurs when the ground water surrounds the pipe produces a buoyant force
greater than the sum if the downward forces provided by the soil weight on top, the
weight of the pipe and the weight of its contents.

Flotation is generally not a design consideration for buried pipe where the pipeline runs
full or nearly full of liquid or where ground water is always below the pipe invert. A quick
rule of thumb is that when a pipe is buried in common saturated soil with at least one
pipe diameters of cover, pipe is generally not subject to groundwater flotation. However,
if burial is in lighter weight soils or with lesser cover, ground water flotation should be
considered.

A schematic of ground water flotation forces is provided below:

F_b: buoyant force (kg/m), [destabilising
Wp + Wf + Wd
force]
F_d: downforce (kg/m), [stabilising force]

LEVEL OF F_d=W_p+W_f+W_d+W_L
H SATURATION
Where
Hs
W_p: Pipe weight (kg/m)
W_F weight of saturated soil above pipe
(kg/m)
W_D: weight of dry soil above pipe (kg/m)
W_L: weight of liquid content of pipe (kg/m)
do

H: depth of cover (m)

Hs: level of ground water saturation above pipe
(m)
Fb

In general, only the soil prism load above the pipe as indicated in the schematic diagram
above should be considered during the flotation calculations.

Standard industry flotation calculations are provided, with a factor of safety of _1.1.
In addition, individual reports and advice on the potential for flotation and whether
supplementary holding down measures are required.

17
 2.2.3 Bedding and Backfill Materials

Flexible pipes require the support of the bedding and surround material to transfer dead
and live loads to the native soil adjacent to the pipe.

This section provides guidance on the selection of materials suitable for providing
structural support to Weholite pipes.

The section deals both with imported granular materials and materials excavated in the
course of the works (selected as dug) which are deemed suitable. All WEHOLITE pipes
require adequate structural support to ensure their long-term performance.

Pipe Zone Fill Material

The material for the pipe bedding and surround is usually imported granular material.

18
Bedding And Material Properties

The ideal bedding and surround material should have the following properties:
• It should be capable of being compacted to the required density with a minimum of
compaction effort.
• The largest particle size should not be excessive in relation to the pipe diameter.
Please refer to the suitable material table on the next page.
• The grading should be such that it will not permit water passing through to cause
migration of fines which could result in a loss of support for the pipe.
• It should be chemically inert.

Suitable materials are:

Notes:
1. Imported granular materials include aggregates to BS EN 12620:2002+A1:2008 and, air-
cooled blast furnace slag to BS EN 12620:2002+A1:2008 and lightweight aggregates to BS EN
13055:2016.
2. CF = compaction fraction value as defined in WIS 4-08-02.

19
 2.3 Structural Design of Weholite Manholes

The typical manhole consists of the vertical riser, a floor, a top, and outlets. Each of
these components has unique design requirements. The riser must resist ground water
pressure, radial earth pressure, and shear forces due to down drag induced by settlement
of the surrounding soil. It also has to carry the live and dead load weight. The floor
has primarily to resist groundwater pressure. The manhole section in general has to be
assessed for flotation, as this may be an issue when there is presence of high-water
table. The flotation and the design of the base can be examined separately as there are
several ways to prevent flotation and design the base to minimise deflection due to water
presence.

Weholite manholes are constructed from the same material as Weholite pipe. The
manhole section is typically backfilled with granular material which is extended 500mm
either side of the shaft. The manholes are normally extended up to just below ground
level. At this point, a concrete footing is placed over the manhole, so that it fits against
the side of the outer wall of the manhole pipe, between which is adhered watertight
sealing tape. The manhole cover is then placed on the concrete footing (together these
are referred to as the load disconnecting assembly). This arrangement will dissipate the
loads to the surrounding soil (backfill) and as a result of this; the manhole will only be
subjected to relatively minor loads. A graphical representation of the manhole assembly
is shown in the following figure, with the vertical surface loads via the manhole cover and
concrete footing to the surrounding soil (backfill).

Method of vertical load transfer to the surrounding backfill.

20
Below are independent calculations by the Water Research Council (WRC), UK that
demonstrates the structural capability of the manholes to withstand main roads loadings.
Each and every project specifying manholes is checked for flotation and most efficient
manufacturing design that ensures the most efficient flow and lowest maintenance
possibilities.

A Typical example using the Water Research Council (WRc) calculation is examined
below:

Weholite (HDPE) Manholes and Access Shafts under Highway Loading

Note: The calculations below based on the independent calculations performed by
Water Research Council (WRc) (Water Research council, Ref: 12711-0)

1. Loading
Traffic loading applied via cover slab. Load test for slabs (BS 5911 – 200). Two 112 kN
loads are applied simultaneously. The calculations assume that the cover slab is placed
directly on the vertical HDPE shaft.

2. Compressive stress
A vertical Weholite manhole under load will be under compression. The highest
compressive stress will occur in the shaft with the lowest cross-sectional area. The 900
mm I/D access shaft is the smallest size manhole shaft and also the smallest size integral
access shaft.
Therefore:

21
 The Compressive strength of the HDPE according to the raw material used for Weholite
and verified by the raw material supplier is 25N/mm2

From the above calculations it is safe to conclude that the Weholite manholes are
suitable to carry main highways loading directly since the F.O.S is very high. It is
important to emphasize that throughout the calculations the worst-case scenario was
examined. This includes a 900mm I/D vertical integral manhole access shaft under
highways loading which will be subject to the highest compression since it has the
smallest cross-sectional area. By reviewing the above thorough theoretical calculations
for a large diameter HDPE manhole, it is clear that this will result in a F.O.S ten times
that.

It is also vital to stress that the calculations considered that the slab is placed directly
on the HDPE shaft. In practice a concrete footing is used and the concrete slab which
effectively dissipate loads to the backfill material and only minor loads are carried by the
slab. This is illustrated in the following figure:

22
Weholite manholes as well as pipes have been used extensively under road as shown in
the following images:

2.3.1 Design Consideration for Ground Water flotation

High ground water can float buried pipes and manholes, causing upward movement
off-grade as well as catastrophic upheaval. This is not an issue for plastic pipes alone.
Flotation of metal or concrete pipes and structures may occur at shallow cover when the
pipes are empty.

Flotation occurs when the ground water surrounds the pipe produces a buoyant force
greater than the sum of the downward forces provided by the soil weight on top, the
weight of the pipe and the weight of its contents.

Flotation is generally not a design consideration for buried pipe where the pipeline runs
full or nearly full of liquid or where ground water is always below the pipe invert. A quick
rule of thumb is that when a pipe is buried in common saturated soil with at least one
pipe diameters of cover, it is generally not subjected to groundwater flotation. However,
if burial is in lighter weight soils or with lesser cover, ground water flotation should be
considered.

23
 A typical example of flotation analysis is set out below:

Flotation comments – 1800 mm Weholite manhole chamber for the Marsh Lane Project
– East Anglia, UK.

Pipe Characteristics
ID = 1800 mm
OD = 1933 mm
Pipe weight = 122 kg/m

Chamber Characteristics
Height = 3 m
Total Weight = 700 kg (including baseplate and benching)

A modular baseplate of thickness 234mm made is welded internally and externally at the
bottom of the chamber in order to increase the downforce. This is a common technique
utilised on many occasions to prevent flotation.

The pipe is assumed empty since if the pipe is full of liquid the uplift force will be
negligible. Water table is assumed at the ground level, which is the worst-case scenario.

The uplift can be calculated by Equation 1

F = w π OD2 Eq. 1 up G4
where wg is the specific weight of water 1000 kg/m3.
Fup = 2935 kg/m
Fup (chamber) = 8805 kg
Chamber Weight = 700 kg
Fup NET (chamber) = 8105 kg

24
In order to prevent any flotation issues, the downforce provided by the baseplate should
be greater than the net uplift force of the chamber (Required Factor of Safety 1.1).

During the calculation the friction factor between the chamber and the granular surround
is ignored. This means that the friction factor between the granular soil and the manhole
wall is assumed 0. Even if the surrounding soil is full saturated there will be a friction
factor (conservative value 0.1 to 0.2) this could result in a down drag of nearly half of the
uplift force. For example, a friction factor of 0.1 between the soil and the manhole wall
will results to a down drag force of approximately 3600 kg. The effect of the down drag
reduces considerably the net uplift force. However, ignoring the effect of down drag it
increases the factor of safety against flotation.

Down Drag Shear Stress on Manhole

Effect of down drag is ignored. Friction factor = 0.

To increase the downforce the baseplate is extended either side of the manhole as shown
below:

25
 Manhole baseplate is extended in a circular configuration by 300 mm.

The vertical prism load only is considered in the calculations.

Area of Baseplate contribute to downforce = 2.105m2

Height of the chamber = 3m

The specific weight of the surrounding soil (fully saturated) is assumed 1000 kg /m.

Assuming the vertical prism load the extended baseplate will contribute to downforce
approximately 6315 kg

The usual configuration of manhole includes a concrete footing and a concrete slab.

Assuming a standard circular slab with 300mm overhang and of thickness 250 mm,
taking into consideration the specific weight of concrete 2400kg/m, the slab will
contribute approximately 3000 kg (volume of slab * specific weight of concrete) to
downforce the manhole.

Fdown = 9315 kg This ensures a satisfactory factor of safety greater than 1.1

26
Overall Comments
Taking into consideration the above comments, it is safe to conclude that the chamber
will not be subject to flotation even if the worst-case scenario is considered which is
water table at ground level and the chamber empty.

Note: It is important to emphasise that the calculations are very conservative as only the
soil prism load has been considered and of course the chamber assumed empty with
the level of the water table at ground level. In reality, the pipe or in this case the bottom
base plate, which used to anchor the chamber, must lift a soil wedge. This increases the
FOS against flotation since there is a larger area that contributes to the downforce (see
Appendix A).

Furthermore, the effect of down drag, which originates from the friction of the HDPE
chamber walls with the soil has been ignored. Even if the water is fully saturated a
conservative friction factor of 0.1 will result in a down drag force close to 3600 kg, which
has not been considered in the present case.

27
 Appendix A

28
Concluding Remarks
During this report every possible effort has been made to ensure that the information
is comprehensive and accurate. In our opinion, efficient work has been done in order
to provide a complete picture of the theoretical flotation calculations for the proposed
Weholite chamber.

Typical Manhole Layouts

29
 CHAPTER 3. INSTALLATION GUIDELINES FOR WEHOLITE PRODUCTS

3.1 Introduction

Pipes, Manholes and inspection chambers are required for sanitary, storm and combined
sewerage, and industrial sewerage systems; for drainage pipelines including, motorways,
car parks, etc., all of which can in their various forms be constructed from Weholite
Systems.

3.2 Installation guidelines for Weholite Pipes

3.2.1 Pipe Bedding

The bedding soil must be free from stones within the breadth of the pipe trench. On
the trench bottom a 150mm thick bedding layer is prepared and lightly compacted. For
installation in soft/wet soil, a geotextile is placed under bedding.

3.2.2 Primary Backfill Zone

Backfilling shall be made over the whole width of the trench. Compaction of the backfill
material shall be made in layers of 150-300mm. The final layer of the primary backfill
should be minimum 300mm above the pipe crown.

Note: No compaction is to be done directly above the pipe until the backfill has reached
300mm above the pipe crown.

3.2.3 Final Backfill

The final backfill is done with regard to the native soil and external loads (traffic). When
deemed necessary, the compaction is carried out in several layers.

3.2.4 Pipelaying

Pipe laying should be carried out in accordance with the latest edition of the Civil
Engineering Specification for the Water Industry (CESWI).

3.2.5 Inspection
Pipes and fittings should be visually checked for any damage immediately prior to
installation.

3.2.6 Trench Preparation

The trench should be open for the absolute minimum period of time in advance of pipe
laying and should be backfilled as soon as possible. It is essential to ensure that the sides
of the trenches are adequately supported. Minimum requirements for trench width and
depth of bedding are given as follows:

30
Bedding should be properly compacted and finished to provide uniform support for the
pipe. It is essential that bricks or other hard materials are not placed under the pipes for
permanent support.

3.2.7 Pipe Jointing

The pipes should be jointed in the trench and laid on the prepared bed so that the barrel
of the pipe maintains substantially continuous contact. Small depressions should be
made to accommodate the pipe sockets or couplings. Once the joint is complete, these
depressions should be carefully infilled, taking care that no voids remain under or around
the joint.

Critical Advice
Traffic, including heavy construction vehicles, should not be allowed to pass over pipes
without suitable cover protection to the pipes. Care should be taken to prevent pipes
from deviating from their design level and line due to flotation prior to backfilling.

When the pipe is placed in the trench, sufficient working space must be provided on
either side of the pipe to ensure adequate placing and compaction of the pipe surround
material. The following trench widths, taken from EN 1610: 2015 Table 1, are given as a
guide.

INTERNAL DIAMETER (mm) MINIMUM SUPPORTED TRENCH WIDTH (m)

350 - 700 OD + 0.7

700 - 1200 OD + 0.85

> 1200 OD + 1.0

The trench widths also apply where the side slopes are >600 to the horizontal.

The minimum bed thickness is 150mm. In areas with poor soil conditions, we will advise
for the thickness of the bedding.

31
 3.2.8 Surround and Backfill

After the pipes have been laid and joints completed the surround material should be
placed and compacted evenly in layers on both sides of the pipes ensuring there is no
displacement of the pipe. Any trench supports should be progressively withdrawn so
that the surround can be properly compacted between the pipe and the trench walls. In
all cases material should be worked under the pipe haunch to eliminate voids.

Unless otherwise specified the material excavated from the trench may be used for the
remainder of the backfill above the required top level of the selected side fill material.
The backfill should be compacted as specified. Mechanical compaction should not be
used directly above the pipe until the backfill has reached 300mm above the pipe crown,
but suitable light vibrating tampers may be used with discretion at any stage of the work
to aid compaction.

The pipes should not be trafficked unless a minimum cover of 1.0m for SN2 and 0.6m for
SN4 & 8 is achieved. For further information, please contact Plasco Limited/Megapipes
Solutions Limited.

32
3.2.9 Summary

The key points of the backfilling operations are:

1. Use good quality backfill / surround material.
2. Ensure no voids in surround under haunches.
3. Place backfill material in uniform layers not exceeding 300mm uncompacted
thickness.
4. Balance fill either side as fill progresses.
5. Compact each layer before adding next layer.
6. Do not allow construction equipment over the structure, without adequate protection,
until required minimum depth of cover is achieved.
7. Place and compact backfill parallel to structure.

Critical Advice
Traffic, including heavy construction vehicles, should not be allowed to pass over pipes
without suitable protection to the pipes.

Care should be taken to prevent pipes from deviating from their design level and line due
to flotation prior to backfilling.

The pipes should not be trafficked unless a minimum cover of 1.0m for SN2 and 0.6m for
SN4 & 8 is achieved. For further information, please contact us.

33
 3.3 Installation Guidelines for Weholite Manholes

Weholite manholes are constructed from the same material as Weholite pipe. The
manholes are normally extended up to just below ground level. At this point, a concrete
footing is placed over the manhole, so it fits against the side of the outer wall of the
manhole pipe, between which is adhered watertight sealing tape. The manhole cover is
then placed on the concrete footing (together these are referred to as the standard load
disconnecting assembly). This arrangement will dissipate the loads on to the surrounding
soil (backfill) and as a result of this; the manhole will only be subjected to relatively minor
loads. A graphical representation of the installation is shown below:

34
3.3.1 Bedding and Backfilling

The specific instructions for ground installation of the manholes should be carried out
much in the same way as pipes.

Preparing the Filling - Trench Filling

Manholes and inspection chambers, and related piping can be bedded directly on to the
trench filling. The filling must have the same particle size as required when laying pipes,
and also must have sealing layers For example: The filling for manholes and inspection
chambers should have the following grain size requirements: -When the diameter is
between 300mm and 600mm, the maximum particle size is calculated at 10% of the
diameter, but never more than 60mm particle size -When the diameter is greater than
600mm the maximum particle size still remains at 60mm -Sealing is with 200mm-
300mm layers.

Note of Caution: -Be careful not to damage

the pipe or the manhole access points -
The connecting pipes must be aligned -The
manholes and inspection chambers must
be positioned vertically

35
 Critical Advice
Traffic, including heavy construction vehicles, should not be allowed to pass over pipes
without suitable protection to the pipes.

Care should be taken to prevent pipes from deviating from their design level and line
due to flotation prior to backfilling.

The manholes should not be trafficked unless the load disconnecting assembly has been
installed. For further information, please contact us.

*Please contact our Technical Department for advice on the most suitable system to fulfil
your requirements.

36
CHAPTER 4. WEHOLITE JOINTING
It is important that the most efficient method of joint is used to ensure the pipeline and
connections to other products like manholes remains watertight, durable and effective
for potentially excessive movement in poor ground conditions; and depending on
application, there are different methods of jointing Weholite including heat extrusion,
Flexseal and non-watertight band.

4.1 Heat Extrusion Jointing

This process, carried out by direct Weholite personnel, provides an economical and fast
method of delivering a complete, long, continuous length of pipeline, which allows the
joint to be as strong as the pipe itself. Extrusion welding is a semi-mechanical process
initially developed for joining thermoplastic sheeting and then adapted to thick-walled
pipes where a higher level of joint integrity is required. Extrusion welded joints are proven
in tests to be the industry’s strongest and most reliable method for joining structured
wall pipes. The German DVS standard tests them to a 50% greater force than other
welding processes such as electrofusion. Extrusion welding has a proven track record
globally for large diameter pipes up to 3500mm diameter, providing the safest and most
versatile solution on the market whilst still improving the efficiency and adding value to
the overall project.

Thermoplastics’ extrusion welding has been growing in importance over the past
few decades, holding these days a rank similar to that of metal welding in industrial
production and fabrication applications. Extrusion welding is a semi-mechanical process
for joining thermoplastic sheeting and films right through to thick-walled fabrications and
pipes.
Factors governing the quality of the weld seam are not only the craftsmanship and skill
of the welder but also the capabilities of the hand extruder employed.
The extrudate output, preheat and extrudate temperatures are set on the hand extruder
as a function of the weld thickness and the type of welding material employed. The
quality of the weld is then determined by the welder via the welding speed and the
welding shoe contact pressure applied to the parts to be joined.

4.1.1 External Welding

• The pipes must be prepared, and fusion welded by trained operatives in accordance
with the Plasco documented procedures.
• The pipes can be cut using conventional hand tools and should be cut with an angled
step. The pipe edge to be welded should be chamfered using an abrasive disc and the
oxide layer removed.
• The pipes should be raised on timbers or similar supports, butted together leaving a
gap of between 10 and 20 mm and tack welded. An internal collar is placed inside the
joint and expanded to hold it in place.

37
 • Hand-held extruders should be allowed to warm up for between 20 and 30 minutes
prior to use, dependent on ambient temperature. In rain, joints should be tented off.
• Root weld should be laid around the joint with an angled weld tip. The oxide layer
should be removed with an abrasive disc. The joint should be capped using a specially
shaped head attachment.
• Joints can be welded either in the trench, depending on the depth of dig and relevant
Health and Safety Regulations, or above the trench and lifted into place after welding.
• Proper equipment should be used when lifting a welded string of pipes and the
pipeline should be slung so as to avoid excessive strain on the welded joints.
• Care should be taken during backfill to maintain the line and level of the pipelines. If
necessary, the pipe should be restrained to prevent uplift.

38
4.1.2 Internal Welding methodology

• After the pipes have been installed in the trench by the contractors using the
installation guidelines, fusion jointing operations can commence. It is normal practice
to provide a site-specific method statement and risk assessment in line with the
contractor’s requirements to comply with Health and Safety Regulations.
• The joints between pipes are fusion welded by operatives in accordance with the
Certificate holder’s documented procedures. Step ends are cut into the pipe using
a reciprocating saw, following the spiral of the pipe, and using a planer/grinder to
produce a clean finish. The inside surface of the pipes must be clean and dry, and the
area around joints clear, so that extrusion welding operations can take place.
• Grind out a chamfer on each side of joint to remove oxide layer
• Switch on extrusion welding gun and check temperature settings.
• The extrusion process consists of inserting a 4 mm thick HDPE rod into the side of the
welding gun, which is the heated to 200 to 250°C. Molten rod is emitted at the nozzle,
no hazardous fumes are emitted.
• Weld around the inner circumference of the pipe with the extrusion welding gun.
Continue with one or several passes until complete.
• A record will be taken of operating temperatures and joint location, and a final
inspection carried out once the work is completed.
• All necessary documentation, of completed works, as required by the contract/client,
will be provided in a timely manner in line with the Construction Regulations.

39
 4.1.3 Weholite welding summary

• The pipeline should be dewatered and the general area clean and free from debris
prior to the welding operation taking place.
• Pipes can be easily cut to suit on site without specialist equipment. This will have no
effect at all on the welding process.
• The gaps between the pipes should be optimised between 0 and 25mm.
• Please refer to the site-specific method statement or contact Plasco for advice on
steps or larger gaps
• De-water the pipes prior to and during the welding operation if ground water is an
issue.
• All operatives have been trained in-house at the fabrication facility.
• All site operatives are trained to water industry standards and are direct employees
• No hazardous or toxic fumes are given off during the welding process.
• All equipment is calibrated and tested to current health and safety regulations.
• Our welders are totally self-sufficient and will carry all the necessary equipment to
carry out the process in a safe and efficient manner.
• Ambient temperature or weather does not affect the process as it is carried either
inside backfilled pipes or under an enclosed area
• No hazardous fluids are used to prepare the joints prior to welding.
• No internal support rings are necessary during the process to prevent the pipe from
collapsing.
• The extrusion welding process is not affected by stopping and starting so
interruptions to the welding process are not problematic.
• Surfaces can be prepared in advance of welding and can be handled without adverse
effects. Damp joints are dried during the process without any effect on integrity.

40
4.2 Flexseal Couplings

Flexseal Extra Wide Couplings are used principally for connecting Weholite internal
diameters of 350mm to 2200mm. Weholite Flexseal Couplings are 300 or 400mm
wide, which allows for greater tolerance in the cutting of the ends of the pipe as well as
providing for the movement of pipes due to settlement or thermal effects.

4.3 Lateral Connections

The Water Research Council (WRc) Approved, Universal Adaptor (UA) Saddle;
manufactured by Flexseal, can be used with Weholite. When used in conjunction with a
Flexseal coupling it is an easy to fit product for connecting 160mm laterals into Weholite
post installation.

41
 Weholite Flat Bands

These flexible bands are used for sand tight joints and for location purposes. They are
manufactured from HDPE and whilst offering no structural value, have a design life as
long as Weholite. They are fitted when installing the pipes in a trench and ensure no pipe
movement occurs and that no stone can fall into the pipe during backfilling.

4.5 Connections to Concrete Structures

The following methodology can be used for connecting to concrete structures, such as
concrete rings and manholes, on standard drainage applications only.

The outer skin of the first two profiles is trimmed back, allowing the poured concrete to
flow into the open boxes, thus anchoring the pipe into the structure. A hydrophilic seal
should be positioned as per the drawing below in order to achieve a watertight seal.

42
The images below clearly show the screw back and setting position of a pipe to be cast
insitu.

This provides a very cost-effective methodology for fixing to concrete structures, when
compared to puddle flanges, and no rocker pipes are required. If there are any doubts,
please ask for technical advice.

*Contact our technical department for advice on the most suitable system to fulfil your
requirements.

43
 CHAPTER 5. WEHOLITE LOADING, TRANSPORTATION, HANDLING AND
STORAGE
5.1 General Aspects

To minimize the risk of damage to the products they should be clearly identified
and deliveries to site should be closely linked to the installation program, to avoid
accumulation and minimize double handling. It is important to recognize that pipes, are
susceptible to damage and care must be taken when handling such material through the
site.
All pipes & fittings shall be inspected for visible damages, for conformity to specification
(size, schedule, marking and standard) and the delivery note.
Potential hazards should be identified, and plans made if necessary, to minimise any such
hazards. OSHA standards and guidelines should be followed and conformed to.

Personal Safety
• Each worker must take responsibility for his or her own personal safety. This includes
wearing personal protective equipment and being aware of the potential hazards.
• PPE should consist of at least safety shoes, reflective jacket, gloves and hard hat.

5.2 Weholite Loading and Transportation

Delivery vehicles should be provided with a clean, flat bed, free from sharp objects. Care
must be taken to prevent slippage or excessive bowing of the pipes. The load should be
well secured before transportation to prevent rubbing and abrasion, and the load should
only be secured with nylon straps; in no circumstances are chains or ropes to be used.

Notes:
• The driver MUST report to site office and await induction before any unloading
activities take place. Drivers MUST abide by all site rules at all times.
• Drivers MUST report to the designated person on site.
• THE CONTRACTOR MUST BE IN ATTENDANCE BEFORE ANY UNLOADING ACTIVITY
TAKES PLACE ON SITE AND THE DRIVER MUST AWAIT INSTRUCTION.
• Before preparing to unload, check that all wedges are securely in place, that the steel
banding is secure (if transporting packs).
• Straps and steel banding MUST remain in-place until the slinger/signaller working on
behalf of the contractor has attached the lifting gear and the tension has been taken
up.
• Pipes can be removed individually (pipes 1500 and above) and either in rows or in
whole packs depending on available lifting equipment.
• Loads should be lifted preferably with the use of nylon slings of a suitable SWL (refer
to us for advice). Off-loading should be carried out only by suitably qualified/trained
personnel.
• Pipes that are to be stored onsite should be placed on level ground with the step at
TDC and secured to prevent movement. Refer to guidance notes on pipe storage.

44
• Packs/pipes that contain non-standard and/or fabricated pipes might vary in
formation and banding requirements. These will be advised immediately prior to
delivery.

5.2 Weholite Storage

The following recommendations relate to the storage of Weholite under the normal
climatic conditions of East Africa.
• Pipes should be stacked on timber supports placed on flat ground free from sharp
projections, stones and other protuberances. It is recommended that the timber
supports are place at 2m centres.
• All pipes that have been prepared with a ‘stepped- end’ should be stored with the
‘step’ at top dead centre.
• Pipes (fabricated assemblies) should be stored on even surfaces. Timbers supplied
with each delivery can be used to prevent rolling or movement during storage. Pipes
are generally delivered as loose lengths and should not be stacked more than 4m
high.
• Care should be taken not to drop the pipes on their ends.

45
 5.3 Weholite Handling

Weholite pipes are strong, lightweight and very easily handled. In particular, pipes should
not be thrown, dropped or dragged. If pipes are moved by rolling, it is necessary to
ensure that they are adequately supported along their length and properly restrained on
incliners.

Pipes & Fabricated products should be suitably supported at two places at least when
being lifted. Preferably, protected slings should be used but if metal hooks, chains etc
are used then padding should be placed between them and the pipes. If the pipes are
delivered one inside the other, special care should be taken to avoid damage during
unloading.

46
CHAPTER 6. POST INSTALLATION TESTING, COMMISSIONING AND
MAINTENANCE OF WEHOLITE SYSTEMS

6.1 Final Inspection

Prior to the final inspection all internal pipes and manholes shall be thoroughly cleaned to
remove all deleterious matter, without it being passed into public sewers or watercourse.

6.2 Testing

Testing of pipelines should be carried out in accordance with EN1610.

This requires that the sewers shall be tested after they are jointed and before any
concreting or backfilling is commenced, other than such as may be necessary for
structural stability whilst under test.

Sewers up to and including 700mm diameter shall be tested by means of an air or water
test, and sewers greater than 700mm shall be tested by visual inspection, which may
include the use of CCTV.

For sizes up to 700mm the air test is generally more practical and should be carried out
as described in the current version of CESWI and EN1610. Where isolation of a length is
required for pressure testing then this can be proved using inflatable stoppers.

6.3 Commissioning

Following satisfactory completion of inspection and testing and acceptance by the

approving authority, the pipe system may be connected to the public sewer system.

6.4 Maintenance

Due to the nature of Weholite pipe systems, routine maintenance is not a requirement
and normally involves removing silt and solids.

In line, Weholite has been tested for its ability to withstand common cleaning practices.

Access to the system for cleaning should be provided by conventional methods.

In common with other standard plastic drainage systems, toothed root cutters and rods
with metal ferrules, as used with some mechanical cleaning systems, could damage the
pipe and joints and should not be used.

47
 The system can be cleansed using low pressure, high volume flushing in accordance with
the latest edition of Water Research Council Sewer Jetting Code of Practice:

• Plastic sewers in Grade 1 and 2 condition can be jetted at pressures up to 180 bar
(2600 psi)
• All Grade 3 sewers, irrespective of material, should be jetted at a maximum pressure
of 131 bar (1900 psi).
• All Grade 4 and 5 sewers, irrespective of material, should be jetted at a maximum
pressure of 82 bar (1200psi).
• If the pipe material of the blocked sewer is unknown, as is frequently the case in
practice, then
• the maximum pressure to be used is 131 bar (1900 psi).
• EXCEPTIONS: for areas known to contain brick, masonry or pitch fibre sewers, a
maximum of 103 bar (1500 psi) is recommended.
• It is likely that sewer obstructions will be removed at pressures of 131 bar (1900 psi).

When sewer conditions are known;

In a subsequent report prepared by Water Research Council (WRc) regarding the risk of
high-pressure water jetting on the existing sewer network, the following recommendation
was given:

“A maximum pressure of 131 bar (1900 psi) is used for all jetting work where the condition
of the sewer is unknown in order to protect the existing network”

48
CHAPTER 7. QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR WEHOLITE PIPES
Weholite HDPE structured wall pipes and fittings are manufactured in accordance with
the quality requirements as mentioned in the International Standard ISO 21138 (part 1&2)
as well as EN13476 (part 1&2). Our well-equipped laboratories serve to assure the quality
of the Weholite pipes produced at their manufacturing facility. The following are the
mandatory tests that can be executed as per the standards – A Sample Test Certificate is
also given in the following section:

Tests for the Raw Material (HDPE):

• Melt Mass Flow Rate (MFR)
• Thermal Stability/Oxidation Induction Time (OIT)
• Resistance to Internal Pressure (Hydrostatic Pressure Test)
• Elongation at Break

Tests for the Finished Goods (Weholite Pipes):

• Geometrical Characteristics (Pipe/Fitting Dimensions)
• Longitudinal Reversion
• Ring Stiffness & Ring Flexibility
• Tensile Strength of the Seam

SAMPLE TEST CERTIFICATE FOR WEHOLITE PRODUCTS

Raw Material & Material Properties Analysis (as per ISO 21138-2):
Description Required per Standard Test Result
1. Melt Flow Index 0.21 – 0.25 g/10mins 0.24 g/10mins
2. Moisture Content 0.01 – 0.2% 0.09%
3. Oxidation Induction ≥ 20mins >20 mins
Time
4. Elongation at break ≥ 350% >500%
5. Reference Density ≥ 930 kg/m3 956 kg/m3

49
 Product: HDPE WEHOLITE DN700 SN4 PIPE (Per ISO 21138-2)

Description Required per Standard Test Result

1 Appearance Smooth Inner and Outer Passed
surface
2 Opacity/Color Opaque/Black Opaque/Black
3 Dimensions:
Outer Diameter: Min. - 763.4 – 770.3mm 768.5mm
Max. 700.0 – 703.0mm 700.4mm
Inner Diameter: Min. - 34.0 – 36.0mm 34.5mm
Max. 12.0 Mtr ≥ 12.0 Mtr
Wall Thickness: Min. -
Max.
Length of Pipe:
Min.
4 Thermal Reversion ISO 2505 ≤ 3% 1.21%
5 Ring Stiffness ISO 9969 ≥ 4 kN/m2 4.15 kN/m2
6 Ring Flexibility EN 1446 No cracking/ Passed
delamination/ failure at
30% deflection
7 Tensile Strength of Seam/Fused Tensile Force > 760N Passed
joints
EN 1979
8 Extrusion Weld Factor SANS > 0.8 Passed
6269
9 Marking Manf.Name/Dimensions/ Passed
Material/Standard/
Stiffness class

50
7.1 Test Report from TBS for Weholite Pipes

51
 7.2 Tested Product Certificate from TBS

52
NOTE TO READER
This document has been produced as a guide for engineers, contractors and owners to
cover the application, and installation of Weholite pipes and fittings as manufactured by
Plasco Limited and Megapipes Solutions Limited.

The information contained herein is intended for guidance only and advice should always
be sought on a project specific basis. We assume no obligation or liability in respect of
this information. All tables and statements may be considered as recommendations, but
do not constitute a warranty. Users of our products should carry out their own tests to
determine the suitability of each product for their particular purposes. Reference should
always be made to our standard terms and condition of sale. In no circumstances shall
Plasco Limited or Megapipes Solutions Limited be responsible for any damages beyond
the price of the products, and in no event shall it be liable for consequential damages.

53
 Megapipes Solutions Ltd Plasco Ltd
The Address , 8th Floor. Plot No.112, Mbozi Road, Chang’ombe,
Muthangari Drive, Off Waiyaki Way, Dar es Salaam - Tanzania
Nairobi - Kenya
Tel: +255 717 752 726, +255 686 350 543
Tel: +254 745 290 318, +254 780 290 318
[email protected]
[email protected]
www.plasco.co.tz
www.megapipes.com