Table 6.

AWS D1 .1 /D1 .1 M:2020

WPS Qualification—Production Welding Positions Qualified by Plate, Pipe, and Box Tube Tests (see 6.4)
Production Plate Welding
Qualification Test Qualified Production Pipe Welding Qualified Production Box Tube Welding Qualified
T-, Y-, T-, Y-,
Weld Test Groove Groove Butt Jointa K-Connections Butt Joint K-Connections
Type Positions CJP PJP Filletb CJP PJP CJP PJP Filletb CJP PJP CJP PJP Filletb
1G F F F F F F F F F
CJP 2G F, H F, H F, H F, H F, H F, H F, H F, H F, H
Groovec 3G V V V V V V V V V
P 4G OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH
L
1F F F F
A
2F F, H F, H F, H
T Filleta,c
3F V V V
E
4F OH OH OH
Plug/
Qualifies Plug/Slot Welding for Only the Positions Tested
Slot
CJP—Complete Joint Penetration PJP—Partial Joint Penetration
a Qualifies for circumferential welds in pipes equal to or greater than 24 in [600 mm] nominal outer diameter.
139

b Fillet welds in production T-, Y-, or K-connections shall conform to Figure 10.5. WPS qualification shall conform to 6.13
c Qualifies for a welding axis with an essentially straight line, including welding along a line parallel to the axis of circular pipe.

CLAUSE 6. QUALIFICATION
 Table 6.10

CLAUSE 6. QUALIFICATION
Welder and Welding Operator Qualification—Production Welding Positions Qualified by Plate Tests (see 6.16.1)a
Production Plate Welding
Qualification Test Qualified Production Pipe Welding Qualified Production Box Tube Welding Qualified
T-, Y-, T-, Y-,
Weld Test Groove Butt Jointb K-Connections Butt Joint K-Connections
Type Positionsc CJP PJP Filletd CJP PJP CJP PJPb,e Filletd CJPf PJP CJP PJPe Filletd
1G F F F, H F F F F, H F F F F, H
2G F, H F, H F, H F, H F, H F, H F, H F, H F, H F, H F, H
Grooveg 3G F, H, V F, H, V F, H, V F, H, V F, H, V F, H, V F, H, V F, H, V F, H, V F, H, V F, H, V
P 4G F, OH F, OH F, H, OH F, OH F, OH F, OH F, H, OH F, OH F, OH F, OH F, H, OH
L 3G + 4G All All All All All All All All All All All
A 1F F F F
T 2F F, H F, H F, H
E Fillet 3F F, H, V F, H, V F, H, V
4F F, H, OH F, H, OH F, H, OH
3F + 4F All All All
Plug Qualifies Plug and Slot Welding for Only the Positions Tested
CJP—Complete Joint Penetration
PJP—Partial Joint Penetration
154

a The qualification of welding operators for electroslag welding (ESW) or electrogas welding (EGW) shall only apply for the position tested.
b Only qualified for pipe equal to or greater than 24 in [600 mm] in diameter with backing, backgouging, or both.
c See Figures 6.3 and 6.4.
d See 6.22 and 10.19 for dihedral angle restrictions for plate joints and tubular T-, Y-, K-connections.
e Not qualified for welds having groove angles less than 30° (see 10.14.4.2).
f Not qualified for joints welded from one side without backing, or welded from two sides without backgouging.
g Groove weld qualification shall also qualify plug and slot welds for the test positions indicated.

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Table 6.11
Welder and Welding Operator Qualification—Number and Type of Specimens and Range of
Thickness and Diameter Qualified (Dimensions in Inches) (see 6.16.2.1)
(1) Test on Plate
Production Groove Qualified
or Plug Welds Number of Specimensa Dimensions
Nominal Nominal Plate, Pipe
Type of Test Weld Thickness of or Tube Thickness
(Applicable Test Plate (T) Face Bendb Root Bendb Side Bendb Macro- Qualified, in
Figures) in (Fig. 6.8) (Fig. 6.8) (Fig. 6.9) etch Min. Max.
Groove (Fig. 6.20
3/8 1 1 (Footnote c) — 1/8 3/4 max. d
or 6.21)
Groove (Fig. 6.16,
3/8 < T < 1 — — 2 — 1/8 2T max. d
6.17, or 6.19)
Groove (Fig. 6.16,
1 or over — — 2 — 1/8 Unlimitedd
6.17, or 6.19)
Plug (Fig. 6.26) 3/8 — — — 2 1/8 Unlimited

Production Fillet Welds

(T-joint and Skewed) Number of Specimensa Qualified Dimensions
Nominal Test Nominal Plate Dihedral Angles
Type of Test Weld Plate Thickness Qualified, in Qualifiede
(Applicable Thickness, Fillet Weld Macro- Root Face
Figures) T, in Break etch Side Bendb Bendb Bendb Min. Max. Min. Max.
Groove (Fig. 6.20
3/8 — — (Footnote c) 1 1 1/8 Unlimited 30° Unlimited
or 6.21)
Groove (Fig. 6.20
3/8 < T < 1 — — 2 — — 1/8 Unlimited 30° Unlimited
or 6.21)
Groove (Fig. 6.16,
≥1 — — 2 — — 1/8 Unlimited 30° Unlimited
6.17, or 6.19)
Fillet Option 1
1/2 1 1 — — — 1/8 Unlimited 60° 135°
(Fig. 6.25)
Fillet Option 2
3/8 — — — 2 — 1/8 Unlimited 60° 135°
(Fig. 6.22)
Fillet Option 3
(Fig.10.16) [Any > 1/8 — 1 — — — 1/8 Unlimited 30° Unlimited
diam. pipe]
(2) Tests on Electroslag and Electrogas Welding
Production Plate Groove Welds Number of Specimensa Nominal Plate Thickness Qualified, in
Nominal Plate Thickness
Type of Test Weld Side Bendb (see Fig. 6.9) Min. Max.
Tested, T, in
< 1-1/2 2 1/8 T
Groove (Fig. 6.24)
1-1/2 2 1/8 Unlimited
a Allwelds shall be visually inspected (see 6.23.1).
b Radiographic examination of the test plate may be made in lieu of the bend tests (see 6.17.1.1).
c For 3/8 in plate or wall thickness, a side-bend test may be substituted for each of the required face- and root-bend tests.
d Also qualifies for welding any fillet or PJP weld size on any thickness of plate, pipe or tubing.
e For dihedral angles < 30°, see 10.18.1; except 6GR test not required.

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Table 6.11 (Continued)

Welder and Welding Operator Qualification—Number and Type of Specimens and Range
of Thickness and Diameter Qualified (Dimensions in Millimeters) (see 6.16.2.1)
(1) Test on Plate
Production Groove Qualified
or Plug Welds Number of Specimensa Dimensions
Nominal Nominal Plate, Pipe
Thickness of or Tube Thickness
Type of Test Weld Test Plate, T, Face Bendb Root Bendb Side Bendb Macro- Qualified, mm
(Applicable Figures) mm (Fig. 6.8) (Fig. 6.8) (Fig. 6.9) etch Min. Max.
Groove (Fig. 6.20 or
10 1 1 (Footnote c) — 3 20 maxd
6.21)
Groove (Fig. 6.16,
10 < T < 25 — — 2 — 3 2T maxd
6.17, or 6.19)
Groove (Fig. 6.16,
25 or over — — 2 — 3 Unlimitedd
6.17, or 6.19)
Plug (Fig. 6.26) 10 — — — 2 3 Unlimited

Production Fillet Welds

(T-joint and Skewed) Number of Specimensa Qualified Dimensions
Nominal Nominal Plate Thickness Dihedral Angles
Test Plate Qualified, mm Qualifiede
Type of Test Weld Thickness, Fillet Weld Macro- Root Face
(Applicable Figures) T, mm Break etch Side Bendb Bendb Bendb Min. Max. Min. Max.
Groove (Fig. 6.20 or
10 — — (Footnote c) 1 1 3 Unlimited 30° Unlimited
6.21)
Groove (Fig. 6.20 or
10 < T < 25 — — 2 — — 3 Unlimited 30° Unlimited
6.21)
Groove (Fig. 6.16,
≥ 25 — — 2 — — 3 Unlimited 30° Unlimited
6.17, or 6.19)
Fillet Option 1 (Fig.
12 1 1 — — — 3 Unlimited 60° 135°
6.25)
Fillet Option 2 (Fig.
10 — — — 2 — 3 Unlimited 60° 135°
6.22)
Fillet Option 3 (Fig.
10.16) [Any diam. >3 — 1 — — — 3 Unlimited 30° Unlimited
pipe]
(2) Tests on Electroslag and Electrogas Welding
Production Plate Groove Welds Number of Specimensa Nominal Plate Thickness Qualified, mm
Nominal Plate Thickness
Type of Test Weld Side Bendb (see Fig. 6.9) Min. Max.
Tested, T, mm
< 38 2 3 T
Groove (Fig. 6.24)
38 2 3 Unlimited
a Allwelds shall be visually inspected (see 6.23.1).
b Radiographic examination of the test plate may be made in lieu of the bend tests (see 6.17.1.1).
c For 10 mm plate or wall thickness, a side-bend test may be substituted for each of the required face- and root-bend tests.
d Also qualifies for welding any fillet or PJP weld size on any thickness of plate, pipe or tubing.
e For dihedral angles < 30°, see 10.18.1; except 6GR test not required.

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Table 6.12
Welding Personnel Performance Essential Variable Changes
Requiring Requalification (see 6.20)
Welding Personnel
Welding
Essential Variable Changes to WPQR Requiring Requalification Weldersa Operatorsa, b Tack Welders
(1) To a process not qualified (GMAW-S is considered a separate process) X X X
(2) To an SMAW electrode with an F-number (see Table 6.13) higher than the
X X
WPQR electrode F-number
(3) To a position not qualified X X X
(4) To a diameter or thickness not qualified X X
(5) To a vertical welding progression not qualified (uphill or downhill) X
(6) The omission of backing (if used in the WPQR test) X X
(7) To multiple electrodes (if a single electrode was used in the
Xc
WPQR test) but not vice versa
a Welders qualified for SAW, GMAW, FCAW, or GTAW shall be considered as qualified welding operators in the same process(es) and subject to the
welder essential variable limitations.
b A groove weld qualifies a slot weld for the WPQR position and the thickness ranges as shown in Table 6.11.
c Not for ESW or EGW.

Notes:
1. An “x” indicates applicability for the welding personnel; a shaded area indicates nonapplicability.
2. WPQR = Welding Performance Qualification Record.

Table 6.13
Electrode Classification Groups (see Table 6.12)
Group Designation AWS Electrode Classification
F4 EXX15, EXX16, EXX18, EXX48, EXX15-X, EXX16-X, EXX18-X
F3 EXX10, EXX11, EXX10-X, EXX11-X
F2 EXX12, EXX13, EXX14, EXX13-X
F1 EXX20, EXX24, EXX27, EXX28, EXX20-X, EXX27-X
Note: The letters “XX” used in the classification designation in this table stand for the various strength levels (60 [415], 70 [485], 80 [550], 90 [620],
100 [690], 110 [760], and 120 [830]) of electrodes.

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Table 6.1 4
CVN Test Temperature Reduction (see 6.27.6)
CVN B ar Size Temperature Reduction

mm °F °C

10 × 10 0 0

10 ×9 0 0
Full-size standard bar
10 × 8 0 0

1 0 × 7.5 5 3
3/4 size bar
10 × 7 8 4

1 0 × 6.7 10 6
2/3 size bar
10 × 6 15 8

10 × 5 20 11
1 /2 size bar
10 × 4 30 17

1 0 × 3. 3 35 19
1 /3 size bar
10 × 3 40 22

1 /4 size bar 1 0 × 2.5 50 28

Note:
1 . Notch shall be placed on the face of the CVN bar with the lesser dimension.
2. Straight line interpolation for intermediate notched face dimensions is permitted.
3. Temperature reductions account for the 9/5 difference between °C and °F but not the 32° offset and are not exact equivalents (see 1 . 2)

Table 6.1 5
Charpy V-Notch Test Acceptance Criteria for Various Sub-Size Specimens (see 6.27.7)
Full Size, 3/4 Size, 2/3 Size, 1 /2 Size, 1 /3 Size, 1 /4 Size,
10 × 1 0 mm 10 × 7.5 mm 10 × 6.7 mm 10 × 5 mm 10 × 3. 3 mm 10 × 2.5 mm
Ft-lbf [J] Ft-lbf [J] Ft-lbf [J] Ft-lbf [J] Ft-lbf [J] Ft-lbf [J]
a
40 [54] 30 [41 ] 27 [37] 20 [27] 13 [1 8] 10 [1 4]

35 [48] 26 [35] 23 [31 ] 18 [24] 12 [1 6] 9 [1 2]

30 [41 ] 22 [30] 20 [27] 15 [20] 10 [1 4] 8 [11 ]

25 [34] 19 [26] 17 [23] 12 [1 6] 8 [11 ] 6 [8]

20 [27] 15 [20] 13 [1 8] 10 [1 4] 7 [1 0] 5 [7]

16 [22] 12 [1 6] 11 [1 5] 8 [11 ] 5 [7] 4 [5]

15 [20] 11 [1 5] 10 [1 4] 8 [11 ] 5 [7] 4 [5]

13 [1 8] 10 [1 4] 9 [1 2] 6 [8] 4 [5] 3 [4]

12 [1 6] 9 [1 2] 8 [11 ] 6 [8] 4 [5] 3 [4]

10 [1 4] 8 [1 1 ] 7 [1 0] 5 [7] 3 [4] 2 [3]

7 [1 0] 5 [7] 5 [7] 4 [5] 2 [3] 2 [3]

a
Table is limited to 40 ft-lbf because the relationship between specimen size and test results has been reported to be non-linear for higher values.

Note:
1 . Straight line interpolation for intermediate bar face dimensions is permitted.

Source: Adapted, with permission, from American Society of Mechanical Engineers, ASTM A370-2017, Standard Test Methods and Definitions for
Mechanical Testing of Steel Products, Table 9

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Table 6.1 6
Filler Metal Essential Variables—FCAW-S Substrate/Root (see 6.28.1 )
Substrate/
Root Fill

FCAW-S FCAW-S FCAW-G SMAW GMAW SAW Other

AWS Classification X X X X X X

Manufacturer X X X X X

Manufacturer’s Brand
X X X X X
and Trade Name

Diameter X X X X X

Note: An “X” in the column indicates that the essential variable is applicable for the particular welding process and weld type.

Source: Reproduced from AWS D1 . 8/D1 . 8M: 201 6, Structural Welding Code—Seismic, Table B. 1 , American Welding Society.

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Table 6.1 6
Filler Metal Essential Variables—FCAW-S Substrate/Root (see 6.28.1 )
Substrate/
Root Fill

FCAW-S FCAW-S FCAW-G SMAW GMAW SAW Other

AWS Classification X X X X X X

Manufacturer X X X X X

Manufacturer’s Brand
X X X X X
and Trade Name

Diameter X X X X X

Note: An “X” in the column indicates that the essential variable is applicable for the particular welding process and weld type.

Source: Reproduced from AWS D1 . 8/D1 . 8M: 201 6, Structural Welding Code—Seismic, Table B. 1 , American Welding Society.

FCAW-S - SELF SHILEDING

FCAW G- GAS SHIELDING

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Table 6.2
WPS Qualification—CJP Groove Welds: Number and Type of Test Specimens and
Range of Thickness Qualified (see 6.5)
1. Tests on Platea
Nominal Base Metal
Thickness
Number of Specimens Qualified, in [mm]
Nominal Plate Reduced
Thickness (T) Section
Tested, in Tension (see Root Bend Face Bend Side Bend
[mm] Fig. 6.10) (see Fig. 6.8) (see Fig. 6.8) (see Fig. 6.9) Min. Max. b
1 /8 ≤ T ≤ 3 /8
2 2 2 (Footnote d) 1/8 2T
[3 ≤ T ≤ 1 0]

3/8 < T < 1

2 — — 4 1/8 2T
[10 < T < 25]
1 and over
2 — — 4 1/8 Unlimited
[25 and over]
2. Tests on ESW and EGWc
Nominal Base Metal
Number of Specimens Thickness Qualified
All-Weld-
Reduced Metal
Nominal Plate Section Tension
Thickness Tension (see (see Side Bend
Tested Fig. 6.10) Fig. 6.14) (see Fig. 6.9) Min. Max.
T 2 1 4 0.5T 1.1T
a See Figures 6.6 and 6.7 for test plate requirements.
b For square groove welds that are qualified without backgouging, the maximum thickness qualified is limited to the test thickness.
c See Figure 6.5 for test plate requirements.
d For 3/8 in [10 mm] plate thickness, a side-bend test may be substituted for each of the required face- and root-bend tests.

Table 6.3
WPS Qualification—PJP Groove Welds: Number and Type of Test Specimens and
Range of Thickness Qualified (see 6.12.3)
Number of Specimens Qualification Ranges
Reduced- Nominal Plate Thickness,
Test Groove Macroetch for Section Max in [mm]
Depth, D Weld Size (S) Tension (see Root Bend Face Bend Side Bend Groove
in [mm] 6.12.3 Fig. 6.10) (see Fig. 6.8) (see Fig. 6.8) (see Fig. 6.9) Depth Min. Max.
1 /8 ≤ D ≤ 3 /8
3 2 2 2 — D 1/8 [3] 2Ta
[3 ≤ D ≤ 1 0]

3 /8 < D ≤ 1
3 2 — — 4 D 1/8 [3] Unlimited
[1 0 < D ≤ 25 ]

aT is the thickness of the plate used in the test assembly

Notes:
1. Remove macroetch test specimens to determine weld size prior to removing material to prepare mechanical test specimens.
2. Remove excess material thickness from root side of test plate to the thickness of the weld size determined by the macroetch testing before preparing
mechanical bend and tensile specimens.

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Table 6.4
WPS Qualification—Fillet Welds: Number and Type of Test Specimens and
Range of Thickness Qualified (see 6.13)
Test Specimens Requireda Size Qualified
All-Weld-
Number of Macroetch Metal Side Bend
Welds per 6.13.1 Tension (see (see Figure Plate/Pipe
Test Specimen Fillet Size WPS 6.10.4 Figure 6.14) 6.9) Thicknessb Fillet Size
Single pass, max. 1 in each Max. tested
size to be used in position to be 3 faces — — Unlimited single pass
Plate T-test construction used and smaller
(Figure 6.15) Multiple pass, min. 1 in each Min. tested
size to be used in position to be 3 faces — — Unlimited multiple pass
construction used and larger
Consumables
Qualifies welding
Verification 1 in 1G
— — 1 2 consumables to be used in
Test (Figure position
T-test above
6.18)
a All welded test plates shall be visually inspected per 6.10.1.
b The minimum thickness qualified shall be 1/8 in [3 mm].

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Table 6.5
PQR Essential Variable Changes Requiring WPS Requalification for
SMAW, SAW, GMAW, FCAW, and GTAW (see 6.8.1 )
Essential Variable Changes to PQR Process
Requiring Requalification SMAW SAW GMAW FCAW GTAW
Filler Metal

(1) Increase in filler metal classification

X X X
strength
(2) Change from low-hydrogen to nonlow-
X
hydrogen SMAW electrode
(3) Change from one electrode or flux-
electrode classification to any other
X X X
electrode or flux-electrode
classificationa
(4) Change to an electrode or flux-electrode AWS AWS AWS AWS AWS
classificationb not covered in: A5.1 or A5.17 or A5.18, A5.28, A5.20, A5.29, A5.18 or
A5.5 A5.23 or A5.36 or A5.36 A5.28
(5) Addition or deletion of filler metal X
(6) Change from cold wire feed to hot wire
X
feed or vice versa
(7) Addition or deletion of supplemental
powdered or granular filler metal or cut X
wire
(8) Increase in the amount of supplemental
X
powdered or granular filler metal or wire
(9) If the alloy content of the weld metal is
largely dependent on supplemental
powdered filler metal, any WPS change
that results in a weld deposit with the X
important alloying elements not meeting
the WPS chemical composition
requirements
(10) Change in nominal filler metal diameter > 1/16 in
> 1/32 in
by: Any increase [1.6 mm]
[0.8 mm] Any increasec Any increase
or decrease increase or
increase
decrease
(11) Change in number of electrodes X X X X
Process Parameters

(12) A change in the amperage for each To a value not

> 10% increase > 10% increase > 10% increase > 25% increase
diameter used by: recommended
or decrease or decrease or decrease or decrease
by manufacturer
(13) A change in type of current (ac or dc) or
polarity (electrode positive or negative X X X X X
for dc current)
(14) A change in the mode of transfer X
(15) A change from CV to CC output X X
(16) A change in the voltage for each > 7% increase > 7% increase > 7% increase
diameter used by: or decrease or decrease or decrease
(17) An increase or decrease in the wire feed
speed for each electrode diameter (if not > 10% > 10% > 10%
amperage controlled) by:
(Continued)

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Table 6.5 (Continued)

PQR Essential Variable Changes Requiring WPS Requalification for
SMAW, SAW, GMAW, FCAW, and GTAW (see 6.8.1 )
Essential Variable Changes to PQR Process
Requiring Requalification SMAW SAW GMAW FCAW GTAW
Process Parameters (Cont’d)

(18) A change in the travel speedd by: > 15% increase > 25% increase > 25% increase > 50% increase
or decrease or decrease or decrease or decrease
Shielding Gas

(19) A change in shielding gas from a

single gas to any other single gas or
mixture of gas, or in the specified X X X
nominal percentage composition of a
gas mixture, or to no gas
(20) A change in total gas flow rate by: Increase > 50% Increase > 50% Increase > 50%
Decrease > 20% Decrease > 20% Decrease > 20%
(21) A change from the actual AWS A5.18, AWS A5.20,
classification shielding gas not A5.28, or A5.36. A5.29, or A5.36.
covered in: For A5.36 fixed For A5.36 fixed
and open and open
classifications, classifications,
variations in the variations in the
shielding gas shielding gas
classification classification
range shall be range shall be
limited to the limited to the
specific shielding specific shielding
gas tested or the gas tested or the
designator used designator used
for the electrode for the electrode
classification. classification.
SAW Parameters

(22) A change of > 10%, or 1/8 in [3

mm], whichever is greater, in the X
longitudinal spacing of the arcs
(23) A change of > 10%, or 1/8 in [3
mm], whichever is greater, in the X
lateral spacing of the arcs
(24) An increase or decrease of more than
10° in the angular orientation of any X
parallel electrode
(25) For mechanized or automatic SAW;
an increase or decrease of more than X
3° in the angle of the electrode
(26) For mechanized or automatic SAW,
an increase or decrease of more than X
5° normal to the direction of travel
(Continued)

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Table 6.5 (Continued)

PQR Essential Variable Changes Requiring WPS Requalification for
SMAW, SAW, GMAW, FCAW, and GTAW (see 6.8.1 )
Essential Variable Changes to PQR Process
Requiring Requalification SMAW SAW GMAW FCAW GTAW
General
(27) A change in position not qualified by
X X X X X
Table 6.1 or 6.10
(28) A change in diameter, or thickness, or
X X X X X
both, not qualified by Table 6.2 or 10.9
(29) A change in base metal or combination
of base metals not listed in on the PQR X X X X X
or qualified by Table 6.8
(30) Vertical Welding: For any pass from
X X X X
uphill to downhill or vice versa
(31) A change in groove type (e.g., single-V
to double-V), except qualification of any
CJP groove weld qualifies for any groove X X X X X
detail conforming with the requirements
of 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 10.9, or 10.10
(32) A change in the type of groove to a
X X X X X
square groove and vice versa
(33) A change exceeding the tolerances of
5.4.1, 5.4.2, 7.22.4.1 or 10.9, 10.10, and
10.23.2.1 involving:
a) A decrease in the groove angle X X X X X
b) A decrease in the root opening
c) An increase in the root face for CJP
groove welds
(34) The omission, but not inclusion, of
X X X X X
backing or backgouging
(35) Decrease from preheat temperaturee by: > 25°F > 25°F > 25°F > 25°F > 100°F
[15°C] [15°C] [15°C] [15°C] [55°C]
(36) Decrease from interpass temperaturee > 25°F > 25°F > 25°F > 25°F > 100°F
by: [15°C] [15°C] [15°C] [15°C] [55°C]
(37) Addition or deletion of PWHT X X X X X
a The filler metal strength may be decreased without WPS requalification.
b AWS A5M (SI Units) electrodes of the same classification may be used in lieu of the AWS A5 (U.S. Customary Units) electrode classification.
c For WPSs using alloy flux, any increase or decrease in the electrode diameter shall require WPS requalification.
d Travel speed ranges for all sizes of fillet welds may be determined by the largest single pass fillet weld and the smallest multiple-pass fillet weld

qualification tests.
e The production welding preheat or interpass temperature may be less than the PQR preheat or interpass temperature provided that the provisions of

7.6 are met, and the base metal temperature shall not be less than the WPS temperature at the time of subsequent welding.
Note: An “x” indicates applicability for the process; a shaded block indicates nonapplicability.

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Table 6.7
PQR Supplementary Essential Variable Changes for CVN Testing Applications
Requiring WPS Requalification for SMAW, SAW, GMAW, FCAW, GTAW (see 6.8.1 ), and
ESW/EGW (see 6.8.2)
Variable SMAW SAW GMAW FCAW GTAW ESW/EGW
Base Metal

(1) A change in Group Number X X X X X X

(2)(a) Minimum thickness qualified is T or 5/8 in [16 mm]
whichever is less, except if T is less than 1/4 in [6
X X X X X
mm], then the minimum thickness qualified is 1/8 in
[3 mm]
(2)(b) Minimum thickness qualified is 0.5T X
Filler Metal

(3) A change in the AWS A5.X Classification, or to a weld

metal or filler metal classification not covered by A5.X
specifications. Carbon and low-alloy steel FCAW and
GMAW-Metal Cored electrodes previously classified
under A5.18, A5.20, A5.28, or A5.29 and reclassified X X X X X X
under A5.36 without change of manufacturer or brand
name, and meeting all of the previous classification
requirements used in PQR/WPS CVN qualification shall
be acceptable without requalification.
(4) A change in the Flux/Wire classification X Xb
(5) A change in either the electrode or flux trade name when
X X
not classified by an AWS specification
(6) A change from virgin flux to crushed slag flux X Xb
(7) A change in the manufacturer or the manufacturer’s
Xa X
brand name or type of electrode
Preheat/Interpass Temperature

(8) An increase of more than 100°F [56°C] in the maximum

X X X X X X
preheat or interpass temperature qualified
Postweld Heat Treatment

(9) A change in the PWHT temperature and/or time ranges.

The PQR test shall be subject to 80% of the aggregate
X X X X X X
times at temperature(s). Total time(s) may be applied in
signal or multiple heating cycle(s).
Electrical Characteristics

(10) An increase in heat input over that qualified (see 6.8.5),

except when a grain refining austenitizing heat treat- X X X X X X
ment is applied after welding.
Other Variables

(11) In the vertical position, a change from stringer to weave X X X X

(12) A change from multipass per side to single pass per side X X X X X
(13) A change exceeding ±20% in the oscillation variables
X X X X X
for mechanized or automatic welding
a Restriction shall only apply to metal cored electrodes listed in AWS A5.18/A5.18M, Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas
Shielded Arc Welding, AWS A5.28/A5.28M, Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding, and AWS A5.36/
A5.36M:2012, Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Flux Cored Arc Welding and Metal Cored Electrodes for Gas Metal Arc Welding.
b ESW only

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 CLAUSE 6. QUALIFICATION AWS D1 .1 /D1 .1 M:2020

Table 6.8
Table 5.3, Table 6.9, and Unlisted Steels Qualified by PQR (see 6.8.3)
PQR Base Metal WPS Base Metal Group Combinations Allowed by PQR
Any Group I Steel to Any Group I Steel Any Group I Steel to Any Group I Steel
Any Group I Steel to Any Group I Steel
Any Group II Steel to Any Group II Steel Any Group II Steel to Any Group I Steel
Any Group II Steel to Any Group II Steel
Any Specific Group III or Table 6.9 Steel The Specific PQR Group III or Table 6.9 Steel Tested to Any
to Any Group I Steel Group I Steel
Any Specific Group III or Table 6.9 Steel The Specific PQR Group III or Table 6.9 Steel Tested to Any
to Any Group II Steel Group I or Group II Steel
Any Group III Steel to the Same
or Any Other Group III Steel
or
Any Group IV Steel to the Same Steels shall be of the same material specification, grade/type and
or Any Other Group IV Steel minimum yield strength as the Steels listed in the PQR
or
Any Table 6.9 Steel to the Same
or Any Other Table 6.9 Steel
Any Combination of Group III,
Only the Specific Combination of Steels listed in the PQR
IV, and Table 6.9 Steels
Any Unlisted Steel to
Any Unlisted Steel or Only the Specific Combination of Steels listed in the PQR
Any Steel Listed in Table 5.3 or Table 6.9
Notes:
1. Groups I through IV are found in Table 5.3.
2. When allowed by the steel specification, the yield strength may be reduced with increased metal thickness.

148
Provided by IHS Markit under license with AWS
 Table 6.9

AWS D1 .1 /D1 .1 M:2020

Code-Approved Base Metals and Filler Metals Requiring Qualification per Clause 6 (see 6.8.3)
Base Metal Matching Strength Filler Metal Minimum
Preheat and
Minimum Yield AWS Base Metal Interpass
Point/Strength Tensile Range Electrode Electrode Thickness, T Temperature
Specification ksi MPa ksi MPa Process Specificationa Classification in mm °F °C
ASTM A871 Grade 60 60 415 75 min. 520 min. E8015-X
Grade 65 65 450 80 min. 550 min. SMAW A5.5 E8016-X
E8018-X
F8XX-EXXX-XX
SAW A5.23
F8XX-ECXXX-XX
A5.28 ER80S-XXX
GMAW E80C-XXX
A5.36 E8XTX-XAX-XXX
E8XTX-X
A5.29 E8XTX-XC Up to 3/4 Up to 20 50 10
FCAW E8XTX-XM
E8XTX-AX-XXX
A5.36
E8XTX-XAX-XXX Over 3/4 Over 20 125 50
ASTM A514 E10015-X thru 1-1/2 thru 38
149

Over 2-1/2 in [65 mm] E10016-X

90 620 100–130 690–895 SMAW A5.5
E10018-X
ASTM A709 E10018M Over 1-1/2 Over 38 175 80
Grade HPS 100W [HPS 690W] F10XX-EXXX-XX thru 2-1/2 thru 65
SAW A5.23
Over 2-1/2 in to 4 in F10XX-ECXXX-XX
90 620 100–130 690–895
[65 mm to 100 mm] A5.28 ER100S-XXX
GMAW E100C-XXX Over 2-1/2 Over 65 225 110
ASTM A710 Grade A, Class 1 A5.36 E10TX-XAX-XXX
5/16 in [8 mm] and under 85 585 90 min. 620 min.
Over 5/16 in to 3/4 in incl 80 550 90 min. 620 min.
[8 mm to 20 mm incl] A5.29 E10XTX-XC
FCAW E10XTX-XM
ASTM A710 Grade A, Class 3

CLAUSE 6. QUALIFICATION
80 550 85 min. 585 min. A5.36 E10TX-XAX-XXX
1-1/4 in [30 mm] and under
Over 1-1/4 in to 2 in incl 75 515 85 min. 585 min.
[30 mm to 50 mm incl]
(Continued)
 Table 6.9 (Continued)

CLAUSE 6. QUALIFICATION
Code-Approved Base Metals and Filler Metals Requiring Qualification per Clause 6 (see 6.8.3)
Base Metal Matching Strength Filler Metal
Minimum
Preheat and
Minimum Yield AWS Base Metal Interpass
Point/Strength Tensile Range Electrode Electrode Thickness, T Temperature
Specification ksi MPa ksi MPa Process Specificationa Classification in mm °F °C
ASTM A514 E11015-X
2-1/2 in [65 mm] and under 100 690 110–130 760–895 E11016-X
SMAW A5.5
E11018-X
E11018M
ASTM A517 F11XX-EXXX-XX
2-1/2 in [65 mm] and under 100 690 115–135 795–930 SAW A5.23
F11XX-ECXXX-XX
Over 2-1/2 in [65 mm] 90 620 105–135 725–930 ER110S-XXX
A5.28 Up to 3/4 Up to 20 50 10
GMAW E110C-XXX
A5.36 E11TX-XAX-XXX
ASTM A709 E11XTX-XC Over 3/4 Over 20 125 50
A5.29
Grade HPS 100W [HPS 690W] FCAW E11XTX-XM thru 1-1/2 thru 38
A5.36 E11TX-XAX-XXX
150

2-1/2 in [65 mm] and under 100 690 110–130 760–895

ASTM A1043/A1043M E7015
E7016 Over 1-1/2 Over 38 175 80
Grade 36 36–52 250–360 58 min. 400 min. A5.1 E7018 thru 2-1/2 thru 65
Grade 50 50–65 345–450 65 min. 450 min. E7028
SMAW
E7015-X Over 2-1/2 Over 65 225 110
A5.5 E7016-X
E7018-X
F7XX-EXXX
A5.17
SAW F7XX-ECXXX
F7XX-EXXX-XX
A5.23
F7XX-ECXXX-XX
(Continued)

AWS D1 .1 /D1 .1 M:2020

 Table 6.9 (Continued)

AWS D1 .1 /D1 .1 M:2020

Code-Approved Base Metals and Filler Metals Requiring Qualification per Clause 6 (see 6.8.3)
Base Metal Matching Strength Filler Metal Minimum
Preheat and
Minimum Yield AWS Base Metal Interpass
Point/Strength Tensile Range Electrode Electrode Thickness, T Temperature
Specification ksi MPa ksi MPa Process Specificationa Classification in mm °F °C
ASTM A1043/A1043M ER70S-X
Grade 36 36–52 250–360 58 min. 400 min. E70C-XC
Grade 50 50–65 345–450 65 min. 450 min. A5.18 E70C-XM (Electrodes with the -GS suffix
(Cont’d) shall be excluded)
(Fixed Classification, carbon steel)
E70C-6M
A5.36 (Electrodes with the -GS suffix shall be
excluded)
GMAW (Open Classification, carbon steel) Up to 3/4 Up to 20 50 10
E7XT15-XAX-CS1
E7XT15-XAX-CS2
A5.36 E7XT16-XAX-CS1 Over 3/4 Over 20 125 50
E7XT16-XAX-CS2 thru 1-1/2 thru 38
(Electrodes with the -GS suffix shall be
151

excluded)
A5.28 ER70S-XXX
Over 1-1/2 Over 38 175 80
E70C-XXX
thru 2-1/2 thru 65
(Open Classification, GMAW-Metal
A5.36 Cored low-alloy steel)
E7XT-X
E7XT-XC Over 2-1/2 Over 65 225 110
E7XT-XM
A5.20 (Electrodes with the –2C, –2M, –3, –10,
FCAW –13, –14, and -GS suffix shall be
excluded, and electrodes with the –11
suffix shall be excluded for thicknesses
greater than 1/2 in [12 mm])

CLAUSE 6. QUALIFICATION
(Continued)
 Table 6.9 (Continued)

CLAUSE 6. QUALIFICATION
Code-Approved Base Metals and Filler Metals Requiring Qualification per Clause 6 (see 6.8.3)
Base Metal Matching Strength Filler Metal Minimum
Preheat and
Minimum Yield Point/ AWS Interpass
Specification Strength Tensile Range Electrode Base Metal Thickness, T Temperature
ksi MPa ksi MPa Process Specificationa Electrode Classification in mm °F °C
ASTM A1043/A1043M
Grade 36 36–52 250–360 58 min. 400 min. (Fixed Classification,
Grade 50 50–65 345–450 65 min. 450 min. carbon steel)
E7XT-1C
(Cont’d) E7XT-1M
E7XT-5C Up to 3/4 Up to 20 50 10
E7XT-5M
E7XT-9C
E7XT-9M Over 3/4 Over 20 125 50
E7XT-12C thru 1-1/2 thru 38
FCAW A5.36 E7XT-12M
(Cont’d) E70T-4
Over 1-1/2 Over 38 175 80
E7XT-6
152

thru 2-1/2 thru 65

E7XT-7
E7XT-8
(Flux Cored Electrodes Over 2-1/2 Over 65 225 110
with the T1S, T3S, T10S,
and -GS suffix shall be
excluded and electrodes
with the T11 suffix shall be
excluded for thicknesses
greater than 1/2 in [12 mm]
(Continued)

AWS D1 .1 /D1 .1 M:2020

 Table 6.9 (Continued)

AWS D1 .1 /D1 .1 M:2020

Code-Approved Base Metals and Filler Metals Requiring Qualification per Clause 6 (see 6.8.3)
Base Metal Matching Strength Filler Metal Minimum
Preheat and
Minimum Yield Interpass
Point/Strength Tensile Range AWS Electrode Base Metal Thickness, T Temperature
Specification ksi MPa ksi MPa Process Specificationa Electrode Classification in mm °F °C
ASTM A1043/A1043M 36–52 250–360 58 min. 400 min. (Open Classification, carbon
50–65 345–450 65 min. 450 min. steel)
E7XTX-XAX-CS1
E7XTX-XAX-CS2
E7XTX-AX-CS3 50 10
Up to 3/4 Up to 20
A5.36 (Flux Cored Electrodes with the
T1S, T3S, T10S, and -GS suffix
shall be excluded and electrodes Over 3/4 thru Over 20 thru 125 50
with the T11 suffix shall be 1-1/2 38
excluded for thicknesses greater
than 1/2 in [12 mm]
Over 1-1/2 Over 38 175 80
E7XTX-X
153

thru 2-1/2 thru 65

FCAW A5.29 E7XTX-XC
(Cont’d ) E7XTX-XM
(Open Classification, FCAW,
Over 2-1/2 Over 65 225 110
low-alloy steel)
E6XTX-AX-XXX
A5.36 E6XTX-XAX-XXX
E7XTX-AX-XXX
E7XTX-XAX-XXX
a A5.36/A5.36M open classifications are listed in Annex M
Notes:
1. When welds are to be stress relieved, the deposited weld metal shall not exceed 0.05% vanadium (see 7.8).
2. When required by contract or job specifications, deposited weld metal shall have a minimum CVN energy of 20 ft· lbf [27.J] at 0°F [–20°C] as determined using CVN testing in conformance with Clause

CLAUSE 6. QUALIFICATION
6, Part D.
3. For ASTM A514, A517, and A709, Grade HPS 100W [HPS 690W], the maximum preheat and interpass temperature shall not exceed 400°F [200°C] for thicknesses up to 1-1/2 in [38 mm] inclusive, and
450°F [230°C] for greater thickness.
4. Filler metal properties have been moved to informative Annex L, except for AWS A5.36, see Annex M.
5. AWS A5M (SI Units) electrodes of the same classification may be used in lieu of the AWS A5 (U.S. Customary Units) electrode classification.