AME

Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous

AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n General Description n Features

The AME5251 is a high efficiency monolithic synchro- l High Efficiency: Up to 95%
nous dual buck regulator using a constant frequency, cur- l Very Low 20µA Quiescent Current
rent mode architecture. Capable of delivering 1A output l High Efficiency in Light Load Condition
cur-rent each channel over a wide input voltage range from l 2.5V to 5.5V Input Range
2.5V to 5.5V, the AME5251 is ideally suited for single Li- l Adjustable Output From 0.6V to VIN
Ion battery powered applications. 100% duty cycle pro- l Adjustable Output Voltage
vides low dropout operation, extending battery life in por- l 1A Output Current Per Channel
table systems. Under light load conditions, the AME5251 l Low Dropout Operation: 100% Duty Cycle
operates in a power saving mode that consumes just l No Schottky Diode Required
around 20µA of supply current, maximizing battery life in
l 1.5MHz Constant Frequency PWM Opera
portable applications.
tion
The internal synchronous switch increases efficiency l Small DFN-12A Packages
and eliminates the need for an external Schottky diode. l Green Products Meet RoHS Standard
Low output voltages are easily supported with the 0.6V
feedback reference voltage. The AME5251 is available
n Applications
in small DFN-12A packages.
l Cellular Telephones
Other features include soft start, lower internal refer- l Personal Information Appliances
ence voltage with 2% accuracy, over temperature protec- l Wireless and DSL Modems
tion, and over current protection. l MPS Players
l Portable Instruments

n Typical Application

COUT2
L2
VOUT2

ON
VIN1 AME5251 OFF
IN2 EN2 R3 C2
CIN2 SW2 NC2
GND FB2
R2
FB1 GND
R4
NC1 SW1 CIN1
C1 R1 EN1 IN1
ON VIN1
OFF
VOUT1 L1
COUT1

Rev.B.01 1
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n Function Block Diagram

Constant
Off-time

Mode Slope VIN

Select COMP 7 IN1

PWM
COMP
FB1 4

0.6V

0.6V
VREF

LOGIC 8 SW1
0.55V
UVDET

NMOS
Soft
COMP
Start

IRCOMP
EN1 6 OSC 9 GND

Constant
Off-time

Mode Slope VIN

Select COMP 1 IN2

PWM
COMP
FB2 10

0.6V

0.6V
VREF

LOGIC 2 SW2
0.55V
UVDET

Soft NMOS
COMP
Start

EN2 12 OSC IRCOMP

3 GND

2 Rev. B.01
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n Pin Configuration
DFN-12A
(3mmx3mmx0.75mm)
Top View AME5251-AVCxxxxxx
12 11 10 9 8 7 1. IN2
2. SW2
3. GND
AME5251 4. FB1
5. NC1
6. EN1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7. IN1
8. SW1
9. GND
10. FB2
11. NC2
12. EN2

* Die Attach:
Conductive Epoxy

Note:
Connect exposed pad (heat sink on the back) to GND.

n Pin Description

Pin Name Pin Description

NC No connection. Not internally connected. Can left floating or connected to GND.

EN Enable Control Input, active high.

Input Supply Voltage Pin.

IN
Bypass this pin with a capacitor as close to the device as possible.

SW Switch Node Connection to Inductor.

GND Ground. Tie directly to ground plane.

FB Output voltage Feedback input.

Rev.B.01 3
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n Ordering Information

AME5251 - x x x xxx xxx

Output Voltage 2
Output Voltage 1
Number of Pins
Package Type
Pin Configuration & Special Feature

Pin Configuration & Package Number of Output Output

Special Feature Type Pins Voltage1 Voltage2

A 1 IN2 V: DFN C: 12 ADJ: Adjustable ADJ: Adjustable

(DFN-12A) 2. SW2
3. GND
4. FB1
5. NC1
6. EN1
7. IN1
8. SW1
9. GND
10. FB2
11. NC2
12. EN2

4 Rev. B.01
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n Available Opetions
Operating Ambient
Part Number Marking* Output Voltage Package
Temperature Range
A5251 VOUT1=ADJ
AME5251-AVCADJADJ DFN-12A -40oC to +85oC
CBLMXX VOUT2=ADJ

Note:
1. The first 3 places represent product code. It is assigned by AME such as CBL .
2. A bar on top of first letter represents Green Part such as A5251.
3. The last 3 places MXX represent Marking Code. It contains M as date code in "month", XX as LN code and
that is for AME internal use only. Please refer to date code rule section for detail information.
4. Please consult AME sales office or authorized Rep./Distributor for the availability of output voltage and package
type.

n Absolute Maximum Ratings

Parameter Symbol Maximum Unit

Input Supply Voltage V IN -0.3 to 6.5

EN, VOUT Voltage V EN , VOUT -0.3 to VIN V

SW Voltage VSW -0.3 to VIN

ESD Classification B*

Caution: Stress above the listed absolute maximum rating may cause permanent damage to the device.
* HBM B: 2000V~3999V

Rev.B.01 5
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n Recommended Operating Conditions

Parameter Symbol Rating Unit

Supply Voltage Voltage VIN 2.5 to 5.5 V

Ambient Temperature Range TA -40 to +85 o

C

Junction Temperature Range TJ -40 to +125 o

C

n Thermal Information

Parameter Package Die Attach Symbol Maximum Unit

Thermal Resistance*
θJC 8.5
(Junction to Case)
o
C/W
Thermal Resistance
DFN-12A Conductive Epoxy θJA 65
(Junction to Ambient)

Internal Power Dissipation PD 1.54 W

Solder Iron (10Sec)** o

350 C

* Measure θJC on backside center of Exposed Pad.

** MIL-STD-202G 210F

6 Rev. B.01
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n Electrical Specifications
VIN=3.6V, VOUT=2.5V, VFB=0.6V, L=2.2µH, CIN=4.7µF, COUT=10µF, TA=25oC, IMAX=1A unless otherwise specified.

Parameter Symbol Test Condition Min Typ Max Units

Input voltage VIN 2.5 5.5 V
Adjustable Output Range Vout VFB VIN-0.2 V
Feedback Voltage VFB For Adjustable OutputVoltage 0.588 0.6 0.612 V
Feedback Pin Bias Current IFB VFB=VIN -50 50 nΑ
Quiescent Current IOUT=0mA, VFB=1V
IQ 20 40 µA
(For Adjustable Output Voltage)
Shutdown Current ISHDN VEN=GND 0.1 1 µA
Switch Frequency fOSC 1.2 1.5 1.8 MHz
High-side Switch On-Resistance RDS,ON, LHI ISW=200mA, VIN=3.6V 0.28 Ω
Low-side Switch On-Resistance RDS,ON, LO ISW=200mA, VIN=3.6V 0.25 Ω
Switch Current Limit ISW,CL VIN=2.5 to 5.5V 1.4 1.6 A
Note1 VEN,HI VIN=2.5 to 5.5V
EN High (Enabled the Device) 1.5 V
EN Low (Shutdown the Device) VEN,LO VIN=2.5 to 5.5V 0.4 V
Input Undervoltage Lockout VUVLO rising edge 1.8 V
Input Undervoltage Lockout
VUVLO,HYST 0.1 V
Hysteresis
Shutdown, o
Thermal Shutdown Temperature OTP 160 C
temperature increasing
Restore, o
Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis OTH 20 C
temperature decreasing
Maximum Duty Cycle DMAX 100 %
EN=0V, VIN=5.0V
SW Leakage Current -1 1 µA
VSW=0V or 5.0V

Note 1. VEN must be <= VIN

Note 2. Spec. for per channel

Rev.B.01 7
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n Detailed Description n Application Information

Main Control Loop The basic AME5251 application circuit is shown in Typi-
cal Application Circuit. External component selection is
AME5251 uses a constant frequency, current mode
determined by the maximum load current and begins with
step-down architecture. Both the main (P-channel
the selection of the inductor value and followed by CIN and
MOSFET) and synchronous (N-channel MOSFET)
COUT.
switches are intermal. During normal operation, the in-
ternal top power MOSFET is turned on each cycle when
the oscillator sets the RS latch, and turned off when the Inductor Selecton
current comparator resets the RS latch. While the top
For a given input and output voltage, the inductor value
MOSFET is off, the bottom MOSFET is turned on until
and operating frequency determine the ripple current. The
either the inductor current starts to reverse as indicated
ripple current DIL increases with higher VIN and decreases
by the current reversal comparator IRCMP.
with higher inductance.

Short-Circuit Protection 1  V 
∆I L = VOUT 1 − OUT 
When the output is shorted to ground, the frequency of ( f )(L )  VIN 
the oscillator is reduced to about 180KHz. This frequency
foldback ensures that the inductor current hsa more time A reasonable starting point for setting ripple current is
do decay, thereby preventing runaway. The oscillator’ s ∆IL=0.4(lmax). The DC current rating of the inductor should
frequency will progressively increase to 1.5MHz when VFB be at least equal to the maximum load current plus half
or VOUT rises abole 0V. the ripple current to prevent core saturation. For better
efficiency, choose a low DC-resistance inductor.
Dropout Operation
As the input supply voltage decreases to a value ap- CIN and COUT Selection
proaching the output voltage, the duty cycle increases The input capacitance, CIN is needed to filter the trap-
toward the maximum on-time. Further reduction of the ezoidal current at the source of the top MOSFET. To
supply voltage forces the main switch to remain on for prevent large voltage transients, a low ESR input
more than one cycle until it reaches 100% duty cycle. capacitorsized for the maximum RMS current must be
The output voltage will then be determined by the input used. The maximum RMS capacitor current is given by:
voltage minus the voltage drop across the P-channel
MOSFET and the inductor. VOUT VIN
I RMS = I OUT ( MAX ) −1
VIN VOUT

This formula has a maximum at VIN=2VOUT, where

IRMS=IOUT/2. This simple worst-case condition is com-
monly used for design because even significant devia-
tions do not offer much relief. Note that the capacitor
manufacturer ripple current ratings are often based on
2000 hours of life. This makes it advisable to further
derate the capacitor, or choose a capacitor rated at a
higher temperature than required.
8 Rev. B.01
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

The selection of COUT is determined by the effective Enable

series resistance(ESR) that is required to minimize volt-
The EN pin provides electrical on/off control of the regu-
age ripple and load step transients. The output ripple,
lator. When the EN pin voltage exceeds the lockout thresh-
VOUT, is determined by:
old voltage, the regulator starts to operate.
 1  If the EN pin voltage is pulled below the lockout thresh-
∆VOUT ≅ ∆I L  ESR + 
 8 fCOUT  old voltage, the regulator stops switching.
Connecting the EN pin to ground or to any voltage less
Using Ceramic Input and Output Capacitors than 1.5V will disable the regulator and activate the shut-
down mode.
Higher values, lower cost ceramic capacitors are now
becoming available in smaller case sizes. Their high ripple The EN pin voltage must be less than or equal to VIN pin
current, high voltage rating and low ESR make them ideal voltage. When EN pin voltage more than VIN pin voltage
for switching regulator applications. However, care must 0.4V ~ 0.7V.
be taken when these capacitors are used at the input and AME5251 SW pin will be terminated.
output. When a ceramic capacitor is used at the input
and the power is supplied by a wall adapter through long
wires, a load step at the output can induce ringing at the
input, VIN. At best, this ringing can couple to the output Thermal Considerations
and be mistaken as loop instability. At worst, a sudden In most applications the AME5251 does not dissipate
inrush of current through the long wires can potentially much heat due to its high efficiency. But, in applications
cause a voltage spike at VIN large enough to damage the where the AME5251 is running at high ambient tempera-
part. ture with low supply voltage and high duty cycles, such
as in dropout, the heat dissipated may exceed the maxi-
Output Voltage Programming mum junction temperature of the part. If the junction tem-
perature reaches approximately 160OC, both power
The output voltage is set by an external resistive divider
switches will be turned off and the SW node will become
according to the following equation:
high impedance. To avoid the AME5251 from exceeding
 R  the maximum junction temperature, the user will need to
VOUT = V REF × 1 + 1 
 R2  do some thermal analysis. The goal of the thermal analy-
sis is to determine whether the power dissipated exceeds
Where VREF equals to 0.6V typical. The resistive di- the maximum junction temperature of the part. The tem-
vider allows the FB pin to sense a fraction of the output perature rise is given by:
voltage as shown in Figure 1.
0.6V ≤ V OUT ≤ 5.5V TR = (PD )(θ JA )

R1 Where PD is the power dissipated by the regulator and

FB θJA is the thermal resistance from the junction of the die
to the ambient temperature.
AME5251 R2

GND

Figure 1: Setting the AME5251 Output Voltage

Rev.B.01 9
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

VIN VIN
2.5V to 5.5V 2.2µH 2.2µH
VOUT 1.2V 2.7V to 5.5V VOUT 2.5V
IN SW IN SW
CFWD CFWD
AME5251 AME5251
COUT
10µF
EN FB CER EN FB
150K 150K
GND GND
CIN CIN
4.7µF 150K 4.7µF 47.3K
CER CER

Figure 2: 1.2V Step-Down Regulator Figure 5: 2.5V Step-Down Regulator

CFWD: 22pF~220pF CFWD: 22pF~220pF

VIN VIN
2.2µH VOUT 1.5V 2.2µH VOUT 3.3V
3.3 to 5.5V 3.6 to 5.5V
IN SW IN SW
CFWD CFWD
AME5251 AME5251

EN FB EN FB
150K 150K
GND GND
CIN CIN
4.7µF 100K 4.7µF 33.3K
CER CER

Figure 3: 1.5V Step-Down Regulator Figure 6: 3.3V Step-Down Regulator

CFWD: 22pF~220pF CFWD: 22pF~220pF

VIN 2.2µH
2.5 to 5.5V VOUT 1.6V
IN SW

AME5251 CFWD
COUT
10µF
EN FB CER
150K
GND
CIN
4.7µF 90K
CER

Figure 4: 1.6V Step-Down Regulator

CFWD: 22pF~220pF

10 Rev. B.01
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

PCB Board Layout Check List

When laying out the printed circuit board, the following checklist should be used to ensure proper operation of the
AME5251. Check the following in your layout:

1. The power traces, consisting of the GND trace, the SW trace and the VIN trace should be kept short, direct and wide.

2. Does the VFB pin connect directly to the feedback resistors? The resistive divider R2/R1 must be connected between
the (+) plate of COUT and ground.

3. Does the (+) plate of CIN connect to VIN as closely as possible? This capacitor provides the AC current to the internal
power MOSFETs.

4. Keep the switching node, SW, away from the sensitive VFB node.

5. Keep the (-) plates of CIN and COUT as close as possible.

L1 VOUT VIN L1 VOUT

VIN
IN SW IN SW
AME5251 C1 R1 AME5251
CIN CIN
EN FB COUT EN OUT
COUT
R2
NC GND NC GND

Figure 7 Figure 8

Rev.B.01 11
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n Application Information
External components selection

Inductance Current Rating DCR Dimensions

Supplier Series
(µ
µF) (mA) (mΩ
Ω) (mm)

TAIYO YUDEN 2.2 1480 60 3.00 x 3.00 x 1.50 NR 3015

GOTREND 2.2 1500 58 3.85 x 3.85 x 1.80 GTSD32

Sumida 2.2 1500 75 4.50 x 3.20 x 1.55 CDRH2D14

Sumida 4.7 1000 135 4.50 x 3.20 x 1.55 CDRH2D14

TAIYO YUDEN 4.7 1020 120 3.00 x 3.00 x 1.50 NR 3015

GOTREND 4.7 1100 146 3.85 x 3.85 x 1.80 GTSD32

Table 1. Recommended Inductors

Table 2. Recommended Capacitors for CIN and COUT

12 Rev. B.01
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n Characterization Curve
Efficiency vs. Output Current Efficiency vs. Output Current
100 100

90 VIN = 2.7V 90
VIN = 3.6V
Efficiency(%)

Efficiency(%)
80 80

70 70

60 60

50 50
VOUT = 2.5V COUT = 10µF L = 2.2µH VOUT = 2.5V COUT = 10µF L = 2.2µH
40 40
0.1 1 10 100 1000 0. 1 1 10 100 1000
Output Current(mA) Output Current(mA)

Efficiency vs. Output Current Efficiency vs. Output Current

100
100

90
90
VIN = 2.7V
VIN = 3.6V
Efficiency(%)

80
Efficiency(%)

80

70
70

60
60

50
50
VOUT = 1.5V COUT = 10µF L = 2.2µH VOUT = 1.5V COUT = 10µF L = 2.2µH
40 40
0.1 1 10 100 1000
0.1 1 10 100 1000
Output Current(mA) Output Current(mA)

Efficiency vs. Output Current Efficiency vs. Output Current

100 100
VIN = 2.5V VIN = 5.5V
90 90
Efficiency(%)
Efficiency(%)

80 80

70 70

60 60

50 50

VOUT = 1.2V COUT = 10µF L = 2.2µH VOUT = 1.2V COUT = 10µF L = 2.2µH
40 40
0.1 1 10 100 1000 0.1 1 10 100 1000
Output Current(mA) Output Current(mA)
Rev.B.01 13
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n Characterization Curve (Contd.)

Reference Voltage vs. Temperature Frequency vs. Temperature
0.620 1.70
1.65
0.615
1.60
Reference Voltage(V)

0.610 1.55

Frequency(MHz)
1.50
0.605
1.45

0.600 1.40
1.35
0.595
1.30
0.590 1.25

1.20
0.585
VIN = 3.6V 1.15 VIN = 3.6V
0.580 1.10
-50 -25 0 +25 +50 +75 +100 +125 -50 -25 0 +25 +50 +75 +100 +125
Temperature (oC) Temperature (oC)

Frequency vs. Supply Voltage Output Voltage vs. Output Current

1.70 1.90
1.65 1.89
VOUT = 1.8V
1.60 1.88
VIN = 3.6V
1.87
Output Voltage(V)

1.55
Frequency(MHz)

1.50 1.86
1.85
1.45
1.84
1.40
1.83
1.35
1.82
1.30
1.81
1.25
1.80
1.20
1.79
1.15 1.78
1.10 1.77
2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
VIN(V) Output Current(mA)

Current Limit vs. Temperature Current Limit vs. Temperature

3.0 3.0
2.9 2.9
2.8 VIN = 3.3V 2.8
VIN = 3.6V
2.7 VOUT = 1.2V 2.7 VOUT = 1.2V
2.6 2.6
Current Limit(A)

Current Limit(A)

2.5 2.5
2.4 2.4
2.3 2.3
2.2 2.2
2.1 2.1
2.0 2.0
1.9 1.9
1.8 1.8
1.7 1.7
1.6 1.6
1.5 1.5
1.4 1.4
1.3 1.3
-40 -25 -10 +5 +20 +35 +50 +65 +80 +95 +110 +125 -40 -25 -10 +5 +20 +35 +50 +65 +80 +95 +110 +125
Temperature (oC) Temperature (oC)
14 Rev. B.01
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n Characterization Curve (Contd.)

Current Limit vs. Temperature Light Load Mode output voltage ripple
3.0
2.9
2.8
VIN = 5.0V
2.7 VOUT = 1.2V
2.6
Current Limit(A)

2.5
2.4
2.3
2.2
2.1
2.0
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.3
-40 -25 -10 +5 +20 +35 +50 +65 +80 +95 +110 +125
o
Temperature ( C) VIN = 3.6V
VOUT = 1.8V
IOUT = 50mA

1) VSW= 5V/div
2) VOUT = 100mV/div
3) IL = 200mA/div

Power Off from EN Load Step

VIN = 3.6V VIN = 3.6V

VOUT = 1.8V VOUT = 1.8V
IOUT = 1A IOUT = 0A~1A~0A

1) EN = 2V/div 1) VOUT= 100mV/div

2) VOUT = 2V/div 2) IOUT = 500mA/div
3) IL = 500mA/div

Rev.B.01 15
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n Characterization Curve (Contd.)

Load Step Load Step

VIN = 3.6V VIN = 3.6V

VOUT = 1.8V VOUT = 1.8V
IOUT = 50mA~1A~50mA IOUT = 100mA~1A~100mA

1) VOUT= 100mV/div 1) VOUT= 100mV/div

2) IOUT = 500mA/div 2) IOUT = 500mA/div

Load Step Power On from EN

VIN = 3.6V
VOUT = 1.2V
VOUT = 1.8V
IOUT = 1A
IOUT = 200mA~1A~200mA
1) EN= 2V/div
1) VOUT= 100mV/div
2) VOUT = 500mV/div
2) IOUT = 500mA/div
3) IL = 1A/div

16 Rev. B.01
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n Date Code Rule

Month Code Marking Year

1: January 7: July A A A M X X xxx0
2: February 8: August A A A M X X xxx1
3: March 9: September A A A M X X xxx2
4: April A: October
A A A M X X xxx3
5: May B: November
6: June C: December A A A M X X xxx4
A A A M X X xxx5
A A A M X X xxx6
A A A M X X xxx7
A A A M X X xxx8
A A A M X X xxx9

n Tape and Reel Dimension

DFN-12A
(3mmx3mmx0.75mm)

PIN 1
W
AME
AME

Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size

Package Carrier Width (W) Pitch (P) Part Per Full Reel Reel Size

DFN-12A
12.0±0.1 mm 4.0±0.1 mm 5000pcs 330±1 mm
(3x3x0.75mm)

Rev.B.01 17
 AME
Dual 1A, 1.5MHz Synchronous
AME5251 Step-Down Converter

n Package Dimension

DFN-12A
(3mmx3mmx0.75mm)

D e

L
k

E1
E

D1
PIN 1 IDENTIFICATION

b P IN 1

TOP VIEW BOTTOM VIEW

A1

A
A3

MILLIMETERS INCHES
SYMBOLS
MIN MAX MIN MAX
REAR VIEW
A 0.700 0.800 0.028 0.031
A1 0.000 0.050 0.000 0.002
A3 0.203REF. 0.008REF.
D 2.924 3.076 0.115 0.121
E 2.924 3.076 0.115 0.121
D1 2.450 2.650 0.096 0.104
E1 1.500 1.700 0.059 0.067
k 0.200MIN. 0.008MIN
b 0.150 0.250 0.006 0.010
e 0.450TYP. 0.018TYP.
L 0.324 0.476 0.013 0.019

18 Rev. B.01
 www.ame.com.tw
E-Mail: [email protected]

Life Support Policy:

These products of AME, Inc. are not authorized for use as critical components in life-support
devices or systems, without the express written approval of the president
of AME, Inc.
AME, Inc. reserves the right to make changes in the circuitry and specifications of its devices and
advises its customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information.
 AME, Inc. , September 2020
Document: 1283-DS5251-B.01

Corporate Headquarter
AME, Inc.
8F-1, 12, WenHu St., Nei-Hu
Taipei 114, Taiwan.
Tel: 886 2 2627-8687
Fax: 886 2 2659-2989