English Grammar Essentials
for Class 7
A Comprehensive Guide to
Determiners, Verbs, Tenses, Modals &
Prepositions
A foundation course to master the essential components of English grammar.
Our Grammar Journey
Determiners
1 Specifying Nouns
Verbs
2 Action & Being
Tenses
3 Timing Actions
Modals
4 Expressing Possibility
Prepositions
5 Connecting Ideas
What Are Determiners?
Determiners are essential adjectives-like words that come before nouns to provide context and specificity, indicating whether a
noun is general or specific, and how much or how many.
Articles (a, an, the)
1 Specify if the noun is general (a/an) or specific (the).
Example: The cat, a dog.
Possessive (my, your, his, her, its, our, their)
2 Show ownership or possession of the noun.
Example: My book, their house.
Demonstrative (this, that, these, those)
3 Point to specific nouns, indicating proximity.
Example: This pen, those flowers.
Quantitative (some, many, few, all)
4 Indicate the amount or quantity of the noun.
Example: Some apples, many students.
Check Your Determiners Knowledge
Determiners are crucial because they clarify the context of the noun, allowing
us to understand exactly which or how many objects are being discussed.
Quick Practice
Could you hand me that blue folder?
Every student must bring their own supplies.
I only have a few dollars left for the week.
An owl flew past the window late last night.
Understanding Verbs
Verbs are the engine of a sentence. They describe actions, what is happening, or a state of being. They are the only part of speech
that changes form to show tense.
Action Verbs Helping Verbs (Auxiliary) Linking Verbs
Show physical or mental activities: Help the main verb express tense or Connect the subject to a description
run, jump, think, decide. possibility: is, have, do, was. or state: is, seems, becomes, feels.
Example: She sings beautifully. Example: He is writing a letter. Example: The food tastes delicious.
Verbs in Action: State, Action, and Auxiliaries
The type of verb dictates the function of the sentence.
Mastering verb types is key to constructing grammatically
correct and meaningful sentences.
Verbs must agree with their subjects in number.
Every complete sentence must contain at least one main
verb.
Modal verbs are a specific type of auxiliary verb (covered
next).
Example: The athlete runs (Action) and is (Linking) tired afterward.
Remember: Verbs are crucial for timing4they are the only words that conjugate to show when an event occurs (Tense).
Exploring Tenses: Time Travel in Grammar
Tenses define the time frame of an action, state, or event. There are three main time divisions4Past, Present, and Future4each with
simple, continuous, perfect, and perfect continuous forms.
Simple Present
Habits, facts, and scheduled events.
Form: Base Verb / Verb + 's' (He plays tennis every day.)
Present Continuous
Actions happening now or temporary actions.
Form: Am/Is/Are + Verb + ing (She is playing a game right now.)
Simple Past
Completed actions that happened in the past.
Form: Verb + ed (We played soccer yesterday.)
Simple Future
Actions that will happen after the present time.
Form: Will/Shall + Base Verb (I will play music later.)
Modal Verbs: Adding Nuance and Meaning
Modal verbs are special auxiliary verbs that express necessity, possibility, ability, permission, or obligation. They always precede the
main verb (which stays in its base form).
Ability Possibility
Can / Could May / Might / Could
I can speak three languages. It might be true.
Obligation Permission
Must / Should Can / May
You must wear a helmet. May I come in?
Prepositions: Locating & Connecting
Prepositions link nouns, pronouns, or phrases to other words in a sentence, showing relationships of location, time, direction, or
movement.
Prepositions of Place Prepositions of Time Prepositions of Direction
Indicate location: in, on, at, under, Indicate when something happens: Indicate movement: to, through,
behind. after, before, during, since. into, across.
Example: The book is on the table. Example: We will meet after school. Example: They walked into the room.
Summary: Your Grammar Toolkit
You are now equipped with the essential tools for clearer, more precise communication in English!
Verbs
Determiners Drive action
Clarify nouns
Tenses
Set the time
Prepositions
Establish links Modals
Show intent
Continue practicing these concepts to build confidence in writing and speaking.
