HEARING CONSERVATION
PROGRAM
PN SITI HAMIMAH ISMAIL
22th JANUARY 2022
08
Understand What Is NOISE , Health Effect and
Protection for working Environment
At the end of the
session, participants
will be able to: Explain elements of Hearing Conservation
Program (HCP).
Learning Objectives
Siti Hamimah Ismail -SHI 2021
Did You Know?
08
About 30 million workers are exposed to hazardous noise on the job
Noise-induced hearing loss is the most common occupational hazard for American
workers
Hearing loss from noise is slow and painless; you can have a disability before you
notice it
If you must raise your voice to speak with someone only 3 feet away, you are in
high (hazardous) noise.
It is 100% preventable
Siti Hamimah Ismail -SHI 2021 Source Noise and Hearing Loss Prevention | NIOSH |
CDC.
<Presentation Title>
What is Noise?
08
Noise is any unwanted sound
By-product of many industrial processes, e.g.
operating machinery
Exposure to high levels of noise may lead to
hearing loss and other harmful health effects
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General 08
Estimate of
Work-Related
Noises
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Source: NIOSH
Common Sounds may be louder than
you think … 08
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Anatomy of the Ear
08
Containing the
vestibule, semicircular
canals, and the cochlea.
Region where
damage that
causes hearing
loss occurs
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Signs of Hearing Loss
08
l Do you ask people to speak
louder so that you can hear?
l Do you have
to turn the
TV or Radio
so loud that
others
complain?
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Hearing Loss
08
Temporary Hearing
Loss
•results from short term Permanent Hearing
exposure to noise Loss
•hearing returns when away
from the noise
- results from exposure
to a
moderate or -hearing loss is
PERMANENT
high level of noise over
a long period of time
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Selection of Personal Hearing Protector
(PHP) 08
• Hearing protection devices are selected according to:
– Employee comfort
– Level of noise exposure
– NRR of device
– Type of work being performed
– Environmental conditions
• Employee may select hearing protection from a variety of suitable hearing
protectors provided by employer.
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Types of Hearing Protection Devices
08
l Ear muffs
l Foam insert earplugs
l Semi-aural earplugs Ear caps or bands
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Earmuffs
Earplugs
Ear Muffs
08
Disadvantages
Advantages • Higher cost
• More protection at higher • Eye glasses can interfere with
frequencies than earplugs ear muff seal
• Various NRRs available • May be uncomfortable in
• Durable, long lasting hot environments
• Can be fitted on hard hat • Must be cleaned before use
• Reusable by another worker
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Foam Insert Earplugs
08
Advantages
Disadvantages
l More protection at lower
frequencies than muffs • Hands must be cleaned
l Various NRRs available before inserting earplugs
l Inexpensive; disposable • Improper insertion
l Can be custom molded for reduces NRR value
individual worker
l Reusable plugs are available
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Semi-aural Caps
08
Advantages Disadvantages
l Various NRRs available l Improper insertion
l Easy to insert reduces effectiveness
l May be used several times l More expensive than ear
l Ideal for people going in plugs
and out of noisy areas l Typically have lower NRRs
than plugs or muffs
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Fit, Use and Care of Hearing
Protection Devices 08
l Employer must ensure proper initial fitting
l Employer must supervise the correct use of hearing protectors
l Hearing protectors must be replaced as necessary at no cost to
employee, contact your supervisor
l Hearing protection devices must be cleaned and stored according to the
manufacturer’s specification\
l For questions concerning selection of hearing protection based on NRR
and proper fit contact EH&S @ 328-6166
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Audiometric Testing
08
l Monitors employee’s hearing over time
l Baseline audiogram must be performed within
first 6 months of work exposure ( 8 hour TWA ≥
85 dBA)
l Annual audiograms are required each year
after baseline audiogram
l Employer must pay for the cost of each
required audiogram
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Why Do Audiometric Testing?
08
l Obtain a Baseline Audiogram for future
comparison
l Identify occupational hearing loss
l Identify Standard Threshold Shifts (STS)
l An STS is an average shift in either ear of 10
dB or more at 2,000, 3,000, and 4,000
hertz.
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Normal Vs Noise-Induced
Audiometric Testing? 08
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08
Hearing Conservation
Programme
(HCP)
19
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HCP is a set of carefully planned
What is activities carried out with the aim of
HCP? protecting and maintaining the hearing
of employees
Siti Hamimmah Ismail – SHI 2021
Why HCP is a need?
08
Siti Hamimah Ismail -SHI 2021
Source: ILO Noise at Work 21
The Need for HCP
08
How would hearing loss “looks” like?
This is what might look like for one with hearing loss
But one with normal hearing would see…
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22
The Need for HCP
Occupational Diseases and Poisoning Investigation Until September 2018 08
Type of Diseases No. of Cases Reported
Occupational Lung Diseases (OLD) 96
Occupational Skin Diseases (OSD) 221
Occupational Noise Related Hearing Disorders (HD) 4,506
Occupational Muscular - Skeletal Disorders (OMSD) 188
Occupational Poisoning 77
Disease caused by Physical Agent 2
Disease caused by Biological Agent 28
Occupational Cancer 1
Psychosocial Problem -
Other Types of Occupational Diseases 6
Non-Occupational Diseases 14
TOTAL 5,139
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The Need for HCP
How Hearing Loss sounds like …..
08
Video 1
Siti Hamimah Ismail -SHI 2021 Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ce30oHq_lT0
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General Elements of
HCPELEMENT OF HCP
08
Purpose & Roles & Identification of
Scope Responsibilities Excessive Noise
Evaluation and
Measurement of Noise Reduction Audiometric Testing
Noise Exposure: Measures and Medical Evaluation
Noise Risk Assessment
Employee Information Record Keeping and
& Training Program Review
Siti Hamimah Ismail -SHI 2021
Legal Requirements
HCP IN THE INDUSTRY CODE OF PRACTICE OF FOR 08
MANAGEMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL NOISE EXPOSURE AND
HEARING CONSERVATION 2019 (ICOP NOISE & HCP
2019):-
Identification Noise
Noise risk
of excessive reduction
assessment
noise measures
Information,
Audiometric Record
instruction
testing keeping
and training
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Component:
Hearing Conservation Programme (HCP)
Identify Noise Information, Record
Noise risk Audiometric
excessive reduction instruction and keeping
noise
assessment
measures
testing
training 08
Checklist, Identify Engineering Conducted All employees
annual workers control annually for shall be Establish proper
exposed to all workers provided with recordkeeping to
hazardous exposed to information and document HCP
noise NEL training about activities
the importance of
protecting their
hearing
Administrative
Identify control
noisy
areas
Personal
hearing
protectors
Siti Hamimah Ismail -SHI 2021
(PHP)
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HCP Purpose & Scope
08
• Purpose
• Establish a coordinated and uniform approach in identifying,
assessing and controlling excessive or sources of occupational noise
exposure as required by regulatory requirement and company
standards
• Scope:
• All employees exposed to excessive noise
• Define the locations or work areas identified as having
excessive noise.
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Objectives of HCP
Minimise the risk associated with excessive noise
08
exposure and to prevent Occupational Noise Related
Hearing Disorders (ONRHD) by:
• Identifying the noise hazard and evaluating the risk involved ;
• Implementing noise reduction measures, such as engineering
control and administrative control;
• Providing suitable Personal HearingProtectors (PHP)
and ensuring proper use of PHP by persons exposed to
excessive noise;
• Training and educating persons involved in the
HCP to raise their awareness of noise hazard;
• Conducting audiometric testing for detecting ONRHD;
• Keeping records of the measures taken to protect employees from
• noise hazards; and
• Evaluating the HCP to determine its effectiveness and identifying
areas for improvements.
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Roles & Responsibilities
• HCP Program would define roles and responsibilities of the
management, administrator and employees in managing 08
noise exposure
• The responsibilities to be defined for:
• Company management or department manager
• Hearing Conservation Administrator (HCA)
• Supervisor of the work areas where the noise exposure is at and
above the excessive noise level.
• Employees
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uDefined in ICOP Noise & HCP 2019 :
u Assist employer in the implementation of HCP at place of work.
Interact with employees to discuss on noise problems and 08
preventive measures or solutions.
u Coordinate all aspects of the programme and possess basic
knowledge on: Duties of
u
u
Each component of HCP; and
Relevant provisions of the Act 514, OSH (Noise Exposure)
Hearing
Regulations 2019 and ICOP for management of Occupational
Noise Exposure and Hearing Conservation 201x;
Conservation
u Duties of HCA involve: Administrator
u
u
Coordinating,
Monitoring its progress,
(HCA)
u Assessing its performance,
u Evaluating its effectiveness and reviewing it at regular
intervals all the components of HCP
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Elements of HCP
08
• Purpose & Scope
• Roles & Responsibilities
• Identification of Excessive Noise
• Evaluation and Measurement of Noise Exposure :
Noise Risk Assessment
• Noise Reduction Measures
• Audiometric Testing and Medical Evaluation
• Employee Information & Training
• Record Keeping & Program Review
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Identification of Excessive Noise
08
• Identification of excessive noise shall be done using “Noise
Hazard Identification Checklists”
• Used as screening by employer to determine the need to
carry out a noise risk assessment
• Plan for noise risk assessment to be done by Noise Risk
Assessor once any of the hazard identification questions
answered as “Yes”
• Review identification of excessive noise annually, or earlier
if there is changes, or directed by the Director General
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Elements of HCP
08
• Purpose & Scope
• Roles & Responsibilities
• Identification of Excessive Noise
• Evaluation and Measurement of Noise Exposure :
Noise Risk Assessment
• Noise Reduction Measures
• Audiometric Testing and Medical Evaluation
• Employee Information & Training
• Record Keeping & Program Review
Siti Hamimah Ismail -SHI 2021
Noise Risk Assessment
• Identifies 08
• excessive noise in a place of work
require hearing
• workers exposed to hazardous noise who
protection, audiometric testing, training. information, instruction and
• Noisy areas which shall be posted with warning signs, and may identify noise
sources for noise control options.
• Assessment of noise exposure to employees through representative
personnel sampling, taking into account employees’ mobility and
significant variations in sound level at work place
• Allows proper strategy for noise control program and selection of
correct hearing protection devices
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Noise Risk Assessment
• Who?
08
• Noise Risk Assessor (NRA) who is registered with the Director
General of DOSH
• How?
• Using approved instrumentation – comply with the standard determined by the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
• Area monitoring - Noise source measurement
• Noise source mapping
• Personal exposure measurement
• Next?
• Employee information
• Noise control action (if applicable)
• Recordkeeping
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Elements of HCP 08
1. Purpose & Scope
2. Roles & Responsibilities
3. Identification of Excessive Noise
4. Evaluation and Measurement of Noise Exposure: Noise Risk Assessment
5. Noise Reduction Measures
6. Audiometric Testing and Medical Evaluation
7. Employee Information & Training
8. Record Keeping & Program Review
Siti Hamimah Ismail -SHI 2021
Noise Reduction Measures 08
If the outcome of Noise level measurement
indicate presence of excessive noise level at
work place, alternative ways to reduce noise
exposure to be explored. Some methods
available:
Engineering control
Administrative control
Hearing protection
Siti Hamimah Ismail -SHI 2021
Hierarchy of Noise Control Strategies
08
1.SOURCE
2.PATH Elimination
Substitution Enclosure
Distance Engineering control
Barrier
Dilution
3.RECEIVER
Control room
Administrative/Work practice
Awareness/Attitude Surveillance
Personal Hearing Protector (PHP)
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Elements of HCP
08
• Purpose & Scope
• Roles & Responsibilities
• Identification of Excessive Noise
• Evaluation and Measurement of Noise Exposure: Noise Risk Assessment
• Noise Reduction Measures
• Audiometric Testing and Medical Evaluation
• Employee Information & Training
• Record Keeping & Program Review
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Audiometric Testing
08
• Shows one’s hearing status in comparison to normal hearing based on age
• Provide signal or alert to employee and employer on potential noise, age,
or medical related hearing loss
• Conducted by trained audiometric technician at an approved audiometric
test centre
• At no cost to employees
• Frequency: Annually
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Elements of HCP
08
• Purpose & Scope
• Roles & Responsibilities
• Identification of Excessive Noise
• Evaluation and Measurement of Noise Exposure: Noise Risk Assessment
• Noise Reduction Measures
• Audiometric Testing and Medical Evaluation
• Employee Information & Training
• Record Keeping & Program Review
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Employee Information, Instruction & Training
08
• Information on excessive noise to be provided to exposed employees.
• Educate them on noise hazards and protection from excessive noise level.
• Provide instruction to employees on use of PHP and
comply.
• Training content as specified in the ICOP Noise & HCP 201X.
• Training Frequency – once every year.
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Record Keeping 08
• Noise Risk Assessment report – 30 years.
• Audiometric test result.
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Review of HCP 08
• Administration of programme
• Annual review of programme recommended
• Effectiveness of control measures
• Cost-benefit
• In-house versus outsourcing of services such as exposure
monitoring and audiometric test.
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08
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Hearing
Protection
Zone
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08
Any Questions? 08
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Thank You For Your
Attention !
