INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION [ICE 3121] 21-10-2025
Submission date - 3rd November 2025.
1. With a neat diagram, describe the hierarchy of a distributed control system.
2. Differentiate between a centralised control system and a local control
system.
3. With an example, explain the process automation communication profile
in Profibus.
4. Using the Modbus RTU CRC technique, write an algorithm for the CRC
Generator and CRC checker.
5. With neat diagrams, explain the method to eliminate reflections in Profibus
- RS 485 communication.
6. Illustrate the communication paradigms used in Fieldbus.
7. Using the Modbus ASCII LRC technique, write an algorithm for the LRC
Generator and the LRC checker.
8. Describe the Local field station of the distributed control system.
9. Describe small, medium, and large SCADA systems with proper diagrams.
10. Illustrate the FSK modulation technique used in the Hart protocol.
PLC Problems
1. Implement the following function
2. A machine ejects parts into three chutes. Three optical sensors (A, B and C) are positioned in
each of the slots to count the parts. The count should start when the reset (R) button is
pushed. The count will stop, and an indicator light (L) turned on when the average number of
parts counted equals 10.
3. Create a ladder logic program that will start when input A is turned on and calculate the
series below. The value of n will start at 0 and with each scan of the ladder logic n will
increase by 2 until n=20. While the sequence is being incremented, any change in A will be
ignored.
4. Develop a program that will latch on an output B (O/1), 20 seconds after input A (I/1) has
been turned on. The timer will continue to cycle up to 20 seconds, and reset itself, until input
A has been turned off. After the third time the timer has timed to 20 seconds, the output B
will be unlatched.
5. A conveyor is run by switching on or off a motor. We are positioning parts on the conveyor
with an optical detector. When the optical sensor goes on, we want to wait 1.5 seconds, and
then stop the conveyor. After a delay of 2 seconds the conveyor will start again. We need to
use a start and stop button - a light should be on when the system is active. Gages have been
attached that indicate good or bad. If the part is good, it continues on. If the part is bad, we
do not want to delay for 2 seconds, but instead actuate a pneumatic cylinder.
6. A handicap door opener has a button that will open two doors. When the button is pushed
(momentarily) the first door will start to open immediately, the second door will start to
open 2 seconds later. The first door power will stay open for a total of 10 seconds, and the
second door power will stay on for 14 seconds. Use a timing diagram to design the ladder
logic.
7. Design the ladder diagram for a device that will count parts as they pass by an inspection
stand. The sensing device for the PLC is a switch that will close each time a part passes. This
switch is connected to IN1 of the PLC. A reset switch, IN2, is also connected to the PLC to
allow the operator to manually reset the counter. After 15 parts have passed the inspection
stand, the PLC is to reset the counter to again begin counting parts and turn on a light which
must stay on until reset by a second reset switch connected to IN3. The output from the PLC
that lights the light is OUT111.
