Separable Differential Equations - Solutions
Detailed step-by-step solutions for the 20 practice problems.
1) dy/dx = 2y
Separate: (1/y) dy = 2 dx
Integrate: ln|y| = 2x + C
Solve: y = K e^{2x}
2) dy/dx = 3x y
Separate: (1/y) dy = 3x dx
Integrate: ln|y| = 3x^2/2 + C
Solve: y = K e^{3x^2/2}
3) dy/dx = y cos(x)
Separate: (1/y) dy = cos x dx
Integrate: ln|y| = sin x + C
Solve: y = K e^{sin x}
4) dy/dx = (x+1) y
Separate: (1/y) dy = (x+1) dx
Integrate: ln|y| = x^2/2 + x + C
Solve: y = K e^{x^2/2 + x}
5) dy/dx = y^2
Separate: y^{-2} dy = dx
Integrate: -1/y = x + C
Solve: y = -1/(x + C)
6) x dy/dx = y
Rearrange: dy/dx = y/x
Separate: (1/y) dy = (1/x) dx
Integrate: ln|y| = ln|x| + C
Solve: y = K x
7) dy/dx = e^x y
Separate: (1/y) dy = e^x dx
Integrate: ln|y| = e^x + C
Solve: y = K e^{e^x}
8) dy/dx = (sin x) y
Separate: (1/y) dy = sin x dx
Integrate: ln|y| = -cos x + C
Solve: y = K e^{-cos x}
9) dy/dx = x^2 y
Separate: (1/y) dy = x^2 dx
Integrate: ln|y| = x^3/3 + C
Solve: y = K e^{x^3/3}
10) dy/dx = (1/x) y
Separate: (1/y) dy = (1/x) dx
Integrate: ln|y| = ln|x| + C
Solve: y = K x
11) dy/dx = (x^3)(y^2)
Separate: y^{-2} dy = x^3 dx
Integrate: -1/y = x^4/4 + C
Solve: y = -1/(x^4/4 + C)
12) dy/dx = y tan(x)
Separate: (1/y) dy = tan x dx
Integrate: ln|y| = -ln|cos x| + C
Solve: y = K sec x
13) dy/dx = (x+2)(y+1)
Separate: (1/(y+1)) dy = (x+2) dx
Integrate: ln|y+1| = x^2/2 + 2x + C
Solve: y = K e^{x^2/2 + 2x} - 1
14) (x^2+1) dy/dx = y
Rearrange: dy/dx = y/(x^2+1)
Separate: (1/y) dy = dx/(x^2+1)
Integrate: ln|y| = arctan x + C
Solve: y = K e^{arctan x}
15) dy/dx = y/(x+1), y(0) = 2
Separate: (1/y) dy = (1/(x+1)) dx
Integrate: ln|y| = ln|x+1| + C
Solve general: y = K(x+1)
Apply initial condition: 2 = K(0+1) => K = 2
Final: y = 2(x+1)
16) dy/dx = 4xy, y(1)=1
Separate: (1/y) dy = 4x dx
Integrate: ln|y| = 2x^2 + C
Solve general: y = K e^{2x^2}
Apply initial condition: 1 = K e^{2} => K = e^{-2}
Final: y = e^{2x^2 - 2}
17) dy/dx = y ln(x)
Domain: x>0 for ln x
Separate: (1/y) dy = ln x dx
Integrate: ln|y| = x ln x - x + C (integration by parts for ∫ ln x dx)
Solve: y = K e^{x ln x - x} = K x^{x} e^{-x}
18) dy/dx = cos(x) y^2
Separate: y^{-2} dy = cos x dx
Integrate: -1/y = sin x + C
Solve: y = -1/(sin x + C)
19) dy/dx = (x^2+3) y, y(0)=5
Separate: (1/y) dy = (x^2+3) dx
Integrate: ln|y| = x^3/3 + 3x + C
Solve general: y = K e^{x^3/3 + 3x}
Apply initial condition: 5 = K => K = 5
Final: y = 5 e^{x^3/3 + 3x}
20) dy/dx = y(1+x^2)
Separate: (1/y) dy = (1+x^2) dx
Integrate: ln|y| = x + x^3/3 + C
Solve: y = K e^{x + x^3/3}
