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Powders and Granules Practical

The document outlines the aim and procedures for preparing various types of powders and granules, including ORS powder, effervescent granules, dusting powder, and divided powders. It explains the theory behind each type, their uses, and the specific steps required for their preparation. The successful preparation of all mentioned formulations is noted as the result.

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10 views1 page

Powders and Granules Practical

The document outlines the aim and procedures for preparing various types of powders and granules, including ORS powder, effervescent granules, dusting powder, and divided powders. It explains the theory behind each type, their uses, and the specific steps required for their preparation. The successful preparation of all mentioned formulations is noted as the result.

Uploaded by

parmargoutam057
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Practical No.

7: Powders and Granules


Aim: To study and prepare different types of powders and granules, namely: (a) ORS powder
(WHO) (b) Effervescent granules (c) Dusting powder (d) Divided powders.

Theory: Powders are solid dosage forms consisting of a mixture of finely divided drugs and/or
chemicals. They are intended for internal or external use. Granules are aggregates of powders that
are larger in size and free flowing. They offer better stability, less dusting, and improved handling. •
ORS powder (WHO): Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) are dry powder mixtures containing
electrolytes and glucose formulated according to WHO specifications. They are dissolved in water
before administration to prevent or treat dehydration.
• Effervescent granules: These are granules containing acid and bicarbonate components which
react in presence of water to release carbon dioxide, resulting in effervescence. They mask the
unpleasant taste of drugs and improve palatability.
• Dusting powder: Finely divided powders applied externally to the skin. They act as protective,
absorbent, antiseptic or antipruritic agents. They should be free from pathogenic organisms.
• Divided powders: Individual doses of a powder mixture dispensed in papers or sachets. This
ensures accurate dosing for patients.

Procedure: 1. ORS Powder (WHO): - Weigh accurately the required quantities of sodium chloride,
potassium chloride, sodium citrate, and glucose as per WHO formula. - Mix thoroughly in a dry,
clean mortar and pestle. - Pack the mixture in moisture-proof sachets. 2. Effervescent Granules: -
Weigh the required quantities of citric acid, tartaric acid, sodium bicarbonate and drug (if any). -
Pass through sieve and mix the dry ingredients uniformly. - Slightly moisten with alcohol or water to
form a coherent mass. - Pass through sieve to form granules and dry at low temperature. 3.
Dusting Powder: - Weigh accurately the required powders. - Reduce to fine powder and pass
through a sieve. - Mix uniformly and pack in sterile, dry containers. 4. Divided Powders: - Weigh
the total quantity of the powder mixture. - Mix thoroughly in a mortar. - Divide the total weight by
number of doses required. - Pack individual doses in paper sachets or other suitable containers.

Result: Successfully prepared ORS powder (WHO), effervescent granules, dusting powder and
divided powders.

References: 1. Lachman L., Lieberman H.A., Kanig J.L. The Theory and Practice of Industrial
Pharmacy. 4th Edition, pp 453-460. 2. Indian Pharmacopoeia 2022, Govt. of India Publication,
Volume II, ORS and related formulations.

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