UHLELO LOLIMI

Grammar Topics to know by exam time

1. Izivumelwano (Concords)
2. ibizo (noun)
3. Izigaba zamabizo
4. izinhlobo zamabizo (ibizoqho, ibizoqoqa, ibizomuntu etc)
5. izinciphiso (-ana)
6. izikhuliso (-kazi)
7. isabizwana soqobo (-na)
8. isabizwana sokukhomba (lesi, leso, lesiya)
9. isabizwana sokubala (-nke, -dwa)
10. ongumnini (-mi, -khe, -kho, -bo, -thu, -nu, kababa, sikamama)
11. isiphawulo (-dala, -khulu, -ncane, -bi, -hle)
12. isibaluli (-mhlophe, -mnyama, -mtoti, -mnandi, -buthuntu)
13. ondaweni
14. isandiso sendawo (phambili, phakathi, phezulu, phansi, emuva, eceleni)
15. isandiso senkathi (izolo, ekuseni, ntambama, ebusuku, emini)
16. isandiso sesimo (kangcono, kamnandi, kahle, kakhulu)
17. isibanjalo (yibona, nguyena, ngumuntu, yithina)
18. izihlanganiso (ngoba, ngakho-ke, kodwa, ukuze)
19. izifinyezo (Nkk, Nksz, Mnu, Dkt, Mfu, Ngqo, Sol, njll)
20. izimpambosi (impambosi yokwenziwa, yokwenzana, yokwenzeka, yokwenzela)
21. izinkathi zesenzo (inkathi yamanje, esandakudlula, eyadlula)
22. ukuphika (cha)
23. omabizwafane (homonyms; chitha, ithanga, ilanga, inyanga, isonto, ibala)
24. inkulumo-ngqo, inkulumo-mbiko (direct or indirect speech)
25. izimpawu zokuloba
26. Isenzukuthi
27. Umusho > umbuzo

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 1. IZIVUMELWANO

Gcwalisa ngezivumelwano ezifanele

Abadlali bebhola lezinyawo badlalela enkundleni enkulu. Thina siyalithanda ibhola

ekhaya. Ubaba wakhula elidlala kakhulu. Umfowethu udlala unombolo 7 eqenjini lakhe.

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 2. IZIGABA ZAMABIZO

ISIGABA IBIZO ISIQALO ISIQU ISIVUMELWANO

(CLASS) (NOUN) (PREFIX) (STEM) (CONCORD)

1 UMFANA UM-/UMU- -FANA U-

1a UMAMA U- -MAMA U-

2 ABAFANA ABA-/ ABE- -FANA BA-

2a OMAMA O- -MAMA BA-

3 UMUTHI UMU-/UM- -THI U-

4 IMITHI IMI-/IM- -THI I-

5 IQANDA I-/ILI- -QANDA LI-

6 AMAQANDA AMA- -QANDA A-

7 ISINKWA ISI- -NKWA SI-

8 IZINKWA IZI- -NKWA ZI-

9 INGUBO IN- -GUBO I-

10 IZINGUBO IZIN- -GUBO ZI-

11 UDONGA U-/ULU- -DONGA LU-

12 - - - -

13 - - - -

14 UBUTHONGO UBU- THONGO BU-

15 UKUFA UKU-/UKW- -FA KU-

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 Isigaba isiqalo isivumelwano

Abazali 2 aba ba umzali

Izihlalo 8 izi zi isihlalo

Izindawo 10 izin zi indawo

Imigwaqo 4 imi i umgwaqo

Ingubo 9 in i izingubo

Abadlali 2 aba ba umdlali

Umdlalo 3 um u imidlalo

Iculo 5 ili li amaculo

uZodwa 1ª u u oZodwa

uNtombizodwa 1ª u u oNtombizodwa

iphephandaba 5 ili li amaphephandaba

isiketi 7 isi si iziketi

ishethi 5 ili li amashethi

abantwana 2 aba ba umntwana

iqoqo 5 ili li amaqoqo

3. ISANDISO (ADVERB)

Isandiso sendawo> phakathi (inside), phezulu (on top), phandle (outside), phansi
(down), phambili (infront), emuva (behind), eceleni (beside)

Isandiso senkathi> ekuseni, izolo, kusasa, emini, ntambama, ebusuku, phakathi

kwamabili, kusihlwa, ezintatha, entathakusa, namhlanje

Isandiso sesimo> kakhulu, kancane, kahle, kabusha, kade, kafuphi, kabi, kangcono,
kamnandi, kabuhlungu, kalula

1. Namhlanje (senkathi) sidle kamnandi (sesimo).

2. Ngiye phakathi (sendawo) endlini.
3. Umndeni wami udle ibhulakufesi ekuseni (senkathi).
4. Usuku lwami luhambe kamnandi (sesimo).
5. Izolo (senkathi) ngidlale igalofu.
6. Ubaba wami ugeze imoto ngaphandle (sendawo).

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 4. IZINHLOBO ZAMABIZO

Bhala uhlobo lwebizo > type of noun

1. Amabizomuntu > Occupational Nouns

2. Amabizonto > Abstract Nouns
3. Amabizoqho > Proper Nouns
4. Amabizoqoqa > Collective Nouns
5. Amabizombaxa > Compound Nouns
6. Amabizo Ayimifakela > Borrowed Nouns
7. Amabizomvama > Common Nouns

1. Amabizomuntu

Taken from verbs,

Pheka > umpheki abapheki

Fundisa > umfundisi abafundisi

Bhala > umbhali

Shayela > umshayeli

Sakaza > umsakazi

Cula > umculi

Dlala > umdlali

Gijima > isigijimi

Khuluma > isikhulumi

Khonza > isikhonzi

2. Amabizonto

Jabula > injabulo happiness

Thokoza > intokozo happiness

Dumala > indumalo sadness

Dumisa > indumiso praise

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Nth > nt, nkh > nk, nb > mb, np > mp

iN+ kh = nk iN + khumbula > nk >Inkumbulo

in+ th = Nt iN + thethelela > Intethelelo

in + ph = mp iN + phila > impilo

in + v = mv iN + vela > imvelo

iN + khathaza > inkathazo

Khumbula > inkumbulo remembrance

Thethelela > intethelelo forgiveness

Dlala > umdlalo game

Cula > umculo music

Cula > iculo song

Thanda iN + thanda > intando

3. Amabizoqho (amagama abantu)

Jabula> UJabulile, uNjabulo, uJabulani, uJabulisile

Thokoza > uThokozile, uThokozani, uNtokozo

Dumisa > uNdumiso, uDumisani, uDumisile

Zandile > anda, ukwanda

Umpilo > phila

Makaziwe > ukwaziwa

uJames, uJohn, uPeter, uMagagula, iPick n Pay, iCheckers

uNtando

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 4. Amabizoqoqa

Imfuyo > livestock

Isixuku > group

Iqembu> team

Iqoqo> cluster

Iqulu> group

Izihlwele> crowds

Izinkumbi > multitudes

Umndeni > family

Izilwane> animals

Umphakathi > community

Abazali > parents

5. Amabizombaxa (compound nouns)

uMpiyakhe impi + yakhe

umthethosisekelo umthetho + isisekelo constitution

iphephandaba iphepha + indaba newspaper

ubhalomagama> bhala + amagama orthography

uMinenhle > imini + enhle

uNtandoyenkosi> intando + yenkosi

uPhindokuhle > Phinda + okuhle

uSiphesihle> isipho + esihle

UNdalonhle > indalo + enhle

ULwazilwethu > ulwazi + lwethu

Bhongolethu > ubhongo + lwethu

uMbalenhle> Imbali + enhle

uBuhlebenkosi ubuhle + inkosi

uBonginkosi ukubonga + inkosi

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Lindokuhle ukulinda+ okuhle

6. Amabizo ayimifakela (borrowed nouns)

Isikole school skool

Ipeni pen

Ifasitela venster

Imoto motor

Ikhabethe cupboard

Ikhethini curtain

Umshini machine

Itafula tafel

Ubhanana banana

Ipensela pencil

Uthisha teacher

Ibhodwe pot

Igilasi glass

Ivoti vote

Iwindi window

Ikhompyutha computer

Isipuni spoon

Isiketi skirt

Isitulo stool

Ibhola ball

Ibhodlela bottle

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 7. Amabizomvama

Isandla hand

Ingane child

Umuntu person

Ikhanda head

Amazambane potatoes

Indlu house

Ikhaya home

Amanzi water

Isango gate

Indlebe ear

Indlela way

Indlala hunger

Inja dog

Inkomishi cup

Itafula > ibizo eliwumfakela

Incwadi > ibizomvama

Ikati > ibizo eliwumfakela

Injabulo > ibizonto

Imoto> ibizo eliwumfakela

Ummese > ibizo eliwumfakela

Isicathulo > ibizonto

Umuntu > ibizomvama

Isithombe > ibizomvama

Abazali > ibizomuntu

Intombazane > ibizomvama

Udadewethu > ibizombaxa

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uThemba > ibizoqho

intokozo > ibizonto

inkululeko > ibizonto

umsebenzi > ibizonto

umsebenzi > ibizomuntu

umsakazi > ibizomuntu

umsakazo > ibizonto

5. ISABIZWANA (PRONOUNS)
• ISABIZWANA SOQOBO (absolute pronouns) NA
• ISABIZWANA SOKUKHOMBA (demontrative pronouns) EDUZE BUQAMAMA KUDE
• ISABIZWANA SOKUBALA (quantitative pronouns) NKE, DWA

Bhala isabizwana soqobo emabizweni alandelayo: na

Isikole s + o + na = sona

Izinyawo z + o + na =zona

Abadlali ba

Ingane i = yona

Umthwalo u = wona

Amaqanda a = wona

Uthisha yena

ISABIZWANA SOQOBO

i > y, u > w, a > w

Isikole > sona

Izinyawo >zona

Abadlali > bona

Ukudla > kona

Ingane > yona

Uthisha > yena

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Obaba > bona

Umthwalo > wona

Amantombazane > wona

Intombazane > yona

Udokotela > yena

Obaba

I>y

U>w

A>w

A+i=e

A+u=o

A+a=a

I + a = ya

U + a = wa

Ogogo b + o + na = bona

Izintombi zi + o + na = zona

Intombi i > yona

Abazali ba + o + na = bona

Ugogo yena

Ukufa ku + o + na = kona

Udumo lu + o + na = lona

Ubisi lu + o + na = lona

Ubuso bu + o + na = bona

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 6. ISABIZWANA SOKUKHOMBA

Bhala isabizwana sokukhomba eduze

Eduze Buqamama Kude

isikole lesi sikole leso sikole lesiya sikole

Abadlali laba badlali labo badlali labaya badlali

Izinyawo lezi lezo leziya

Umuntu lo lowo lowaya

Le ngane le leyo leyaya

Ikati leli lelo leliya

Isikole la + isi = lesi leso lesiya

Abadlali la + aba = laba labo labaya

Isikole lesi leso lesiya

Izinyawo lezi lezo leziya

Abadlali laba labo labaya

Ingane la + i = le leyo leyaya

Lesi sikole leso sikole lesiya sikole

Laba badlali labo badlali labaya badlali

Lezi zinyawo lezo zinyawo leziya zinyawo

Le ngane

Laba badlali

Labo badlali

La + ili = leli

La + isi = lesi

Abadlali

La + aba = laba

Izinyawo

La + izi = lezi

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Umuntu

La + u = lo lowo lowaya

Ikati

La + ili = leli

Nm

Amantombazane la + a = lawa lawo lawaya

la + a = lawa lawo lawaya

lo muntu lowo muntu lowaya muntu

le ngane leyo ngane leyaya ngane

lesi sitsha leso sitsha lesiya sitsha

loku kudla loko kudla lokuya kudla

Lungisa le misho engezansi

1. Ibhola le ngane liyagingqika. The child’s ball is rolling. Ibhola lengane

liyagingqika
2. Lengane ihamba yodwa. This child is going/ walking alone. Le ngane ihamba
yodwa.

1. Inja le nja leyo nja leyaya nja

2. Imoto le moto leyo moto leyaya moto
3. Uthando lolu thando lolo thando loluya thando
4. Isitimela lesi sitimela leso sitimela lesiya sitimela
5. Uthisha lo thisha lowo thisha lowaya thisha
6. Amashidi lawa mashidi lawo mashidi lawaya mashidi
7. Ogogo
8. Izihlalo
9. Izingane
10. ubuhle

Lungisa amagama akubakaki ukuze afundeke kahle/ abhaleke kahle

1. Ngifuna (lezo zitsha) ezigeziwe

2. Ngifuna (lezizitsha)
3. Izitsha lezi ziyagezwa

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Bhala isabizwana sokukhomba buqamama kula mabizo alandelayo

Indoda leyo

Abantu labo

Isihlalo leso

Ingane leyo

Izingane lezo

Amaqanda lawo

N, m

Isikole la + isi = lesi leso lesiya

Ikati la + ili = leli lelo leliya

Ukudla la + uku = loku loko lokuya

Inja la + i = le leyo leyaya

Umuthi la + u= lo lowo lowaya

Amantombazane la + ama = lawa lawo lawaya

La + izi

La + aba

izinyawo

Izinyawo > lezi / lezi zinyawo

Abadlali > laba badlali

Ingane > le ngane le ngane leyo ngane leyaya ngane

Uthisha > lo thisha

Obaba > labo baba

Intombazane > le ntombazane

Udokotela > lo dokotela

Ukudla > loku kudla

Leli kati

Laba bantu

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Indawo la + i = le ndawo leyo leyaya

Lababantu

Lesisu lesi sisu

Leyonja

Lezongane lezo zingane

Lowomuntu

Labobaba

Bhala la magama ngendlela efanele

Lababantu lababantu la +aba = laba bantu

Lezozingane lezo zingane

Lesiyasikole

Lawamantombazane

Leyozikole

Labayandlu

La + i = le leyo leyaya

La + u

Isikole

Abantu

7. ISABIZWANA SOKUBALA -nke -dwa

Isikole s + o + nke = sonke

Isikole s + o + dwa = sodwa

umuntu yedwa

Umama yedwa

Ugogo yedwa

Bhala isivumelwano esifanele

Ushiye izingane zonke zi +o = zo

Mina ngedwa

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Thina sodwa

Bona bodwa

Wena wedwa

Nina nodwa

Izikole z + o + nke = zonke

Isikole s + o + dwa = sodwa

Abadlali ba + o +

Cha > negative

Time (izolo, kusasa, ngonyaka odlule etc) > tenses

Object > impambosi yokwenziwa

8. UKUPHIKISA

Phikisa la magama agqamile. Qala le misho njengalokhu ukhonjisiwe

Abafundi base-Evolve bafunda isiZulu noMa’am Magagula

Cha...abafundi

Inja izokhahlela ibhola i >y

Cha... ayizukhahlela ibhola

Amantombazane azokhahlela ibhola a>w

Cha...awazukhahlela

Umshini uzohlala ekamelweni u>w

Cha...awuzuhlala

Abafundi base-Evolve bazofunda isiZulu noMa’am Magagula

Cha... abazufunda

Isitsha sizogezwa ekuseni

Cha isitsha asizugezwa ekuseni

Ikati lizophuza ubisi

Cha ikati alizuphuza

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Ikati liphuza ubisi

Cha ikati aliphuzi ubisi

Ikati liluphuzile ubisi

Ikati aliluphuzanga ubisi

Ikati laphuza

Ikati aliphuzanga

Abafundi base-Evolve basifundile isiZulu noMa’am Magagula

Cha …

Qala umusho ngalamagama

Cha... negative form

Izolo... e/ ile

Ngo2011...

Kuthangi... e/ile

Kusasa... zo

Ngo2050... yo

Umama ugeza izitsha

Izitsha...

UPhila ufunda isiZulu

UPhila akafundi isiZulu

Ugogo uphuza itiye

Ugogo akaphuzi itiye

IsiZulu sizobhalwa ngoLwesithathu

IsiZulu asizubhalwa ngoLwesithathu

Abangani bafunda isiZulu

Abangani abafundi isiZulu

Abangani basifundile isiZulu

Abangani abasifundanga isiZulu

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Intombazane ifunda isiZulu

Intombazane ayifundi isiZulu

Omabizwafane (Homonyms)

Chitha > spill/ spend/ waste

Ithanga > thigh / pumpkin

Inyanga > month/ doctor/ moon

Isonto > week/ church/ day

Ilanga > sun/ day

Ibala/ yard/ colour/ spot

Biza > call/ cost

9. IZINKATHI ZESENZO

Sizobhala isivivinyo sesiZulu.

Izolo sibhale isivivinyo sesiZulu.

Thina sifundela isivivinyo sesiZulu

Kusasa sizofundela isivivinyo sesiZulu

Kuthangi sifundele isivivinyo sesiZulu

Ngomhlomunye sizofundela …

Ngo2010 safundela …

Inkathi eyadlula

I > ya

Inja idlala ibhola> yadlala

U > wa

Umfana udlala ibhola > wadlala

Si > sa

Isikole sidlala > sadlala

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Zi > za

Izikole zidlala > zadlala

Ku > kwa

Ukudla kuphekwa > kwaphekwa

Li > la ibhola lidlalwa/ ladlalwa

Bu > ba ubuso bugezwa ngumama/ bagezwa

Ba > ba abafana badlala ibhola / badlala

A>a amantombazane adlala ibhola/ adlala

10. ONGUMNINI
➢ PERSONAL POSSESSIVES

mi (mine)

khe (his/ hers)

kho (your)

bo (theirs)

(i)thu =lethu (ours)

(i)nu = lenu (yours plural)

Isikole s + a = sa

Ikhanda l + a = la

Inja i + a = ya

Umshini u + a = wa

Uzwane lu + a = lwa

Ukuhlolwa ku + a = kwa

Amaqanda a+a=a

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A+ I = e

A+u=o

A+a=a

Ukulwangisa > Consonantilisation

I + a = ya

U + a = wa

UMSEBENZI 1
OUR KIDS izingane zethu……………………………..
MY PLACE indawo yami……………………………..
HIS MONEY imali yakhe……………………………
HER DRESS ingubo yakhe……………………………..
THEIR BOOKS izincwadi zabo………………………….
YOUR (S) PROBLEM inkinga yenu……………….......
Inkinga I + a > ya + inu = yenu
Isikole s + a = sa

Ikhanda l + a = la

Inja i + a (consonantalisation) = ya

Umuthi u + a = wa

➢ NOUN ON NOUN POSSESSIVES

School shoes

Izicathulo zi + a = za + isikole = zesikole

Hymn book

Ibhuku l + a = la + amaculo = lamaculo

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Incwadi i + a = ya + amaculo = yamaculo

Isimemo (umshado) siphumile

S + a = sa + umshado =somshado

Driving shoes > izicathulo zokushayela z + a = za + ukushayela = zokushayela

Reading glasses > izibuko zokufunda

Eating spoon > isipuni sokudla

Changing room > igumbi lokushintsha

Sleeping clothes > izingubo zokulala

➢ CLASS 1ª Nouns

Ubaba, ugogo, umama, ubhuti, umkhulu, usis, udokotela

Imoto kababa i ka

Izimoto zikababa zi zika

Ingubo kamama i ka

Izingubo zikamama zi

Umsebenzi kathisha u

Izicathulo zikadokotela zi

Ikati likadadewethu li

UMSEBENZI

Ikilasi lami libuka isithombe

Amakilasi ethu abuka izithombe

Umngani wami ufunda incwadi yakhe

Abangani bami bafunda izincwadi zabo

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 11. IZINHLOBO ZAMABIZO

Ibizomuntu dlala > umdlali

umdlali, umculi, umzali, umdansi, umfundisi, umsakazi

Ibizonto injabulo, intokozo, indumiso, intando, intukuthelo, inkululeko

Ibizoqho uNjabulo, uNtokozo, uNdumiso, uNtando, uMagagula

Ibizoqoqa imfuyo, isixuku, iqoqo, iqembu, umndeni

Ibizombaxa umthethosisekelo, ubhalomagama, uMinenhle, uLindokuhle

Ibizo eliwumfakela isikole, ipeni, itafula, ikhethini, ikhabethe, imoto

Ibizomvama ingane, isandla, umuntu, indoda, indlu

Amantombazana, amadoda, izixuku, izihlwele, imfuyo, isitolo, umdlali, abazali,

intukuthelo, umdlalo, umphathisikole, uthishanhloko

12. ONDAWENI

Guqula ondaweni babe ngamabizo

Esikoleni isikole

Endaweni indawo

Emanzini amanzi

Endlini indlu

Enkonzweni inkonzo

Ebantwini abantu

Okholweni ukholo

Isitolo esitolo

Ikhaya ekhaya

Amakhaya emakhaya

Ulwandle olwandle

iGoli eGoli

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ubusuku ebusuku

ubusika ebusika

ihlobo ehlobo

isibhedlela esibhedlela

iPitoli ePitoli

itafula etafuleni

isikole esikoleni

indawo endaweni

umgwaqo emgwaqweni

ikamelo ekamelweni

indlu endlini

isisu esiswini

inkundla enkundleni

umcimbi emcimbini

umdlalo emdlalweni

umphimbo emphinjeni

umthombo emthonjeni

13. IZINCIPHISO: NCIPHISA -ana

Isandla > isandlana

Indawo > indawana

Ithanga > ithangana

Isisu > isiswana

Indlu > indlwana

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BILABIAL SOUNDS

ondebembili

Inkomo >

Umkhaba >

M > ny umlomo > umlonyana

B > tsh intaba > intatshana

Bh > j isikebhe > isikejana

Mb > nj isithombe > isithonjana

P > tsh ikopi > ikotshana

Ph > sh iphepha > ipheshana

Mp > ntsh umpompi > umpontshana

PALATAL SOUNDS

onsinini

N > ny ingane > inganyana

T > tsh ikati > ikatshana

Nt > ntsh Umkhonto > umkhontshwana

Th > sh isikhathi > isikhashana

D>j umgodi > umgojana

Nd > nj ikhanda > ikhanjana

unhlangothi

L > dl imali > imadlana

14. IZIKHULISO (KAZI)

Imoto > imotokazi (size)

Umuzi > umuzikazi

Indoda > indodakazi (ubulili/ gender)

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Inkosi > inkosikazi (gender)

Umlomo > umlomokazi (rudeness)

15. IZIHLANGANISO (CONJUNCTIONS)

• Write the full sentence
• Don’t repeat the conjunction
• Drop the second subject

• KODWA BUT
• NGOBA BECAUSE
• KEPHA BUT
• NGAKHO-KE THEREFORE
• BESE THEN
• UKUZE SO THAT
• FUTHI AND
• KANTI WHEREAS
• KANYE AND
• NAKUBA EVEN THOUGH
• NOKHO HOWEVER
• UKUTHI THAT
• ANDUBA BEFORE
• NGAPHAMBI BEFORE
• NOMA OR/ EVEN THOUGH
• YIZE EVEN THOUGH
• YINGAKHO THAT IS WHY

UMSEBENZI

NGIZOHLALA NGIKUTHANDA. UYEDELELA

Ngizohlala ngikuthanda kodwa uyedelela. Nakuba udelela.

KUMELE IZINGANE ZIFUNDE. KUMELE IZINGANE ZIPHASE

Kumele izingane zifunde ukuze ziphase

SENGIBAFUNDISILE KONKE ABAKUDINGAYO. BAZOPHASA.

Sengibafundisile konke abakudingayo ngakho-ke bazophasa.

Yingakho bezophasa

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ABANTWANA BAYALALELA EKILASINI. ABANTWANA BAYAHLUPHA UMA UTHISHA
ENGEKHO.

Abantwana bayalalela ekilasini kodwa bayahlupha uma uthisha engekho.

SEKUSELE KANCANE UKUBA SIVALE. SIZOPHUMULA.

Sekusele kancane ukuba sivale bese siyaphumula.

IZIBONELO

1. Ngizohamba ngebhasi. Ngizofika kusasa (ukuze)

2. Ngizovuka ngidle. Ngizohamba (anduba)
3. Ngiyakuthanda. Ubheda (noma)
4. Ngizovuka ngigeze, ngigqoke. Ngizohamba ngokushesha (bese)
5. Esikoleni sisebenza kanzima. Sizophasa (ukuze)

16. ISIPHAWULO- ADJECTIVES

IZIQU ZESIPHAWULO

- esiKhulu big
- esiNcane small
- esiBi ugly
- Hle beautiful
- De tall
- Fishane short
- Fuphi short
- Dala old
- Ningi many
- Nci small
- Ncinyane small
- Ngaki how many
- Sha new
- Bili two
- Thathu three
- Ne four

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 - Hlanu five
Isikole a + isi = esi
Izitolo a + izi= ezi+ sha =ezintsha
Ingane entsha
iN + sha = entsha
Start with a and put it together with a full prefix of the noun and
then the coallision will take place
Isikole a + isi = esi hle
Ibhanoyi a + ili = eli khulu
Amakati a + ama = amaningi
Inja a + iN = eN + khulu = enkulu
Imoto a + iN = eN + sha = entsha
Imoto a + iN = eN + bi = embi
iN + kh = nk
iN + th = nt
iN + b = mb
iN + v = mv
iN + ph = mp
iN + sh = ntsh
iN+ f = mf

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UMSEBENZI 3
Beautiful shoes > izicathulo ezinhle ……………………………
Long dress > ingubo ende……………………………………
Two girls > amantombazane amabili………………………………………
Three buses > amabhasi amathathu…………………………………
Good people > abantu abahle ………………………………
Very small bag > isikhwama esincinyane ……………………………
Short man indoda emfishane………………………………….
Izingane ezintathu
Imoto entsha sha
Inja embi bi
Imoto enkulu
Izinja ezimbili

17. ISIBALULI
IZIQU ZESIBALULI
1. IZIQU ZEMVELO
- qotho > honest umuntu a + umu= oqotho
- qatha > strong indoda a + in = eqatha
- duma > tasteless amanzi a + ama = aduma
- mtoti > nice/ tasty amanzi a + ama = amtoti
- mnandi > nice/ tasty ukudla

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- buhlungu > sore isilonda
- ngcono > better umzimba
- lula > light/ easy isivivinyo
- nzima > hard / heavy umsebenzi
- bukhali > sharp isikelo
- buthuntu > blunt ummese
- mpofu > poor umuntu
- fudumala > warm ingubo

2. IZIQU ZEMIBALA
- Mhlophe > white
- Mnyama > black
- Phuzi > yellow
- Mpofu > light
- Nsundu > brown
- Luhlaza njengesibhakabhaka > blue
- Luhlaza njengotshani > green
- Bomvana > pink
- Red > bomvu

3. IZIQU EZAKHELWE PHEZU KWEZINYE IZINGCEZU

ZENKULUMO
- Hamba > hambayo
- Khala > khalayo
- Dlala > dlalayo

IZIVUMELWANO ZESIBALULI
In the formula you start with a and put it together the full prefix.
The only different is with the prefix that has a nasal sound. In
the formula you remove the nasal sound.

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 Isikhwama a + isi= esibomvu
Ingane a + i= emnyama, emhlophe, ebomvu elula
Isikole a + isi = esi bomvu esibomvu
Ilanga a + ili = eli shisayo elishisayo
Ingane a + iN = en (remove the nasal sound) ekhalayo
Intombazane a + iN = en mhlophe emhlophe
UMSEBENZI 4
RED SKIRT isiketi esibomvu
…………………………………………………………………….
BLUNT KNIFE ummese obuthuntu
…………………………………………………………………
BETTER SITUATION isimo esingcono
…………………………………………………………
STRONG MAN indoda enamandla/ eqatha
…………………………………………………………………
HONEST PERSON umuntu oqotho
…………………………………………………………..
BLACK PEOPLE abantu abamnyama
………………………………………………………………
TRAVELING TEAM iqembu elihambayo
……………………………………………………………
TASTY FOOD ukudla okumnandi
…………………………………………………………………..
TASTELESS DRINK isiphuzo esinganambitheki / esiduma
……………………………………………………………

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 PINK SHOES izicathulo ezibomvana
………………………………………………………………….

18. IZIMPAMBOSI
Lapha umsebenzi wesenzo ukuveza imiqondo eminingi eyahlukene ngokusebenzisa
izakhi ezahlukene zezimpambosi. Ziyisikhombisa izinhlobo zempambosi esinazo
esiZulwini:

Izinhlobo zezimpambosi:

✓ Impambosi yokwenzana: -an- funda > fundana, siza >sizana

✓ Impambosi yokwenzisa: -is- shayela >shayelisa, geza > gezisa

✓ Impambosi yokwenziwa: -iw- fundisa > fundiswa, geza > gezwa

✓ Impambosi yokwenzela: -el- funda > fundela, bhala > bhalela

✓ Impambosi yokwenzeka: -ek- funda > fundeka, idla > kuyadleka

✓ Impambosi yokwenzisisa: -isis- funda > fundisisa, geza > gezisisa

✓ Impambosi yokwenzayenza: lena iphindaphinda isiqu sesenzo

funda> fundafunda

1. IMPAMBOSI YOKWENZANA -an

Lapha isenzo sisuke sisho into eyenzeka phakathi kwezinto noma abantu ababili
beyenza komunye nomunye.

Isibonelo:

Shaya > shayana

• Izingane zabafana ziyashayana.

Buka > bukana

• Abadlali bebhola bayabukana ngaphambi kokuba baphaselane ibhola.

Laba ababili basafundana

Kuyenzeka isenzo sikhombe into eyenzeka isikhathi eside ingapheli noma ingashintshi:

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Isibonelo:

Funda > fundana

Selokhu bengenile ekilasini laba bafundana nale ncwadi.

Khuluma> khulumana

Njalo uma uthisha engekho laba balokhu bekhulumana nezindaba zabo.

IMPAMBOSI YOKWENZISA –is/-z

Lapha isenzo sikhomba ukwenzisa umenzi into ethile, kungaba ukumphoqa ukuthi
akwenze noma ukumelekelela ukuthi akwenze:

Isibonelo

Pheka > phekisa

UThembi uphekisa udadewabo njengoba izivakashi ziziningi nje.

Shayela > shayelisa

Umama akakuthandi ukushayela kodwa ubaba uyamshayelisa ngenkani.

Kuneziqu zesenzo ezithatha isakhi u -z- ekugcineni:

Isibonelo:

Vela > veza

Gibela > gibeza

Limala > limaza

Dumala > dumaza

Isenzo sakhe siyabadumaza abazali bakhe.

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IMPAMBOSI YOKWENZIWA –iw/-w

Le mpambosi ikhombisa isenzo esenziwa umenzi kumenziwa ngokuthi umusho uqale

ngomenziwa.

Uma isenzo sinelunga elilodwa sithatha isakhi esigcwele u-iw-, kodwa uma amalunga
emabili ONDEBEMBILI nangaphezulu sithatha kuphela isakhi u-w-
ngaphandle uma isenzo sisenkathini
m > ny esandakudlula.

Kule b > tsh mpambosi kwenzeka inguquko yemisindo

kwezinye izenzo ekugcineni.
bh > j

mb > nj

p > tsh

ph > sh

mp > ntsh

Isibonelo:

Dla > dliwa

Abantwana badla ukudla.

Ukudla kudliwa abantwana.

Uthisha uthethisa abantwana thethiswa

Abantwana bathethiswa nguthisha

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Bamba > banjwa

Amaphoyisa abamba izigebengu.

Izigebengu zibanjwa amaphoyisa.

Khipha > khishwa

Izingane zikhipha izincwadi esikhwameni.

Izincwadi zikhishwa izingane esikhwameni.

Izincwadi...

IMPAMBOSI YOKWENZELA -el-

Le mpambosi iveza isenzo sokwenzela umuntu noma into okuthile.

Isibonelo:

Phaka > phakela

Umama uphakela izingane iphalishi.

Shayela > shayelela

UMnu Nkomo ushayelela uMongameli uma ehamba imihlangano yakhe.

Shayelela

Shaya

Ukushaya/ ukushayela

IMPAMBOSI YOKWENZEKA -ek-/ -akal-

Le mpambosi ikhomba ukuthi into ethile iyenzeka noma yenzeka kalula.

Isibonelo:

Bamba >bambeka

Inkomishi enkulu iyabambeka uma unezandla ezinkulu.

Hamba > hambeka

Le ndlela iyahambeka uma ukujwayele ukuhamba.

Zikhona izenzo ezithatha kuphela isakhi-akal-. Umqondo ovezwa impambosi

yokwenzela uyefana awuguquki noma izakhi ziguquka.

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Isibonelo:

Thola > tholakala

Ziyatholakala izincwadi zokushayela eMpangeni.

Bona > bonakala

Kuyabonakala ukuthi awunandaba nempilo yakho.

Siza

Uzosizakala uma uhamba nami

Funa

Kufunakala abantu abasebasha.

IMPAMBOSI YOKWENZISISA -isis

Le mpambosi ikhombisa ukwenzeka kwento ngokuqikelela noma ngokugcizelela.

Isibonelo:

Geza > gezisisa

Mantombazane anogezisisa izitsha bo niyeke ukunyanyalata!

Funda > fundisisa

Kumele ufundisise incwadi ukuze uyiqonde kahle.

IMPAMBOSI YOKWENZAYENZA

Le mpambosi ikhombisa into oyenza ngokuphuthuma udlule kuyona bese wenza

okunye.

Isibonelo:

Dla > dlayidla

Ngizothi ukudlayidla bese ngiyafunda.

Bhala >bhalabhala

Sizothi ukubhalabhala kancane ngaphambi kokuba sifunde.

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Funda
Ngizofundela umama incwadi
Incwadi ifundwa umama
Fundisisa incwadi yakho ukuze uphase
Incwadi u-Owami Lo iyafundeka

19. IZINKATHI ZESENZO

Ukuguquka kwenkathi emshweni kubonakala esenzweni. Kushintsha izakhi ezithile
esenzweni ukukhombisa ukuthi inkathi isishintshile. Izinhlobo zenkathi ziyisishiyagalombili
sezizonke:

i.Inkathi yamanje >Present Tense

Lapha isenzo asiguquki.
Isb: Ingane iphuza amanzi
ii.Inkathi yamanje eqhubekayo
Lapha sisebenzisa isakhi u-ya esikhombisa ukuthi inkathi iyaqhubeka. Imvamisa sibe sesifaka
isivumelwano sikamenziwa ukuze kuzofundeka kahle.
Isb: Ingane iyawaphuza amanzi
Ikati liyaluphuza ubisi
Ingane iyakudla ukudla
Ingane iyasidla isinkwa
iii.Inkathi esandakudlula/edlule
Lapha sisebenzisa izakhi -e noma -ile noma sisebenzise u-be ngasekuqaleni kwegama.
Isb: Ingane iphuze amanzi.

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Ingane iwaphuzile amanzi.
Ingane beyiphuza amanzi.
iv.Inkathi eyadlula
Lapha kushintsha ingxenye engasekuqaleni kwesenzo.
Ngezansi kuvezwa ukuthi imisindo iguquka kanjani:
ISAKHI SENKATHI YAMANJE ISAKHI SENKATHI EYADLULA
UDLALA WADLALA
BADLALA BADLALA
LIDLALA LADLALA
ADLALA ADLALA
SIDLALA SADLALA
ZIDLALA ZADLALA
IDLALA YADLALA
LUDLALA LWADLALA
BUDLALA BADLALA
KUDLALA KWADLALA

Ubaba udlala ibhola > ubaba walidlala ibhola > ubaba wadlala ibhola
Ikati liphuza ubisi > ikati laluphuza ubisi

Izolo
Ekuseni
Kuthangi> day before yesterday
Ngomso> tomorrow
Ngomhlomunye day after tomorrow
Ngonyaka ozayo>
Zo/ yo
Ngo2010

Ngizovuka ekuseni ngiye edolobheni

Cha angizuvuka ekuseni ngiye edolobheni
Bayadlala laba
Cha abadlali laba
Ngiyazi ukuthi uyangithanda
Cha angazi ukuthi uyangithanda
Cha ngiyazi ukuthi awungithandi
Sahamba ekuseni ngovivi
Cha asihambanga ekuseni ngovivi
Sihambile sonke ekhaya
Cha asihambanga sonke ekhaya
Uma’am Magagula ufundisa abantwana
Abantwana bafundiswa uMa’am Magagula.

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Ongakuqaphela ukuthi izivumelwano u-ba no-a azishintshi uma usuziyisa enkathini eyadlula.
Isb: Abaculi beReggae abaningi badabuka eJamaica.
Inkathi eyadlula: Abaculi beReggae abaningi badabuka eJamaica

v.Inkathi eyadlula eqhubekayo

Lapha indlela eyakheka ngayo le nkathi ayilandeli umthetho owodwa.
Isb: Ingane yayiluphuza ubisi ngenkathi ibhodlela liwa.
Abaculi basemazweni babethandwa ezweni laseNingizimu Afrika.

vi.Inkathi ezofika
Le nkathi ibonakala ngesakhi u-zo esigaxwa phakathi nesenzo.
Isb: Ingane izophuza ubisi.
Abaculi bazothakaselwa ezweni lethu.

vii.Inkathi ezofika eqhubekayo

Le nkathi isebenzisa isakhi u-zo kanye no-be bese isakhi siyahlukana nesenzo esisilandelayo.
Isb: Ingane izobe iluphuza ubisi.
Abaculi bazobe becula enkundleni enkulu yezemidlalo.

viii.Inkathi eyofika
Le nkathi ibonakala ngesakhi u-yo
Isb: Ingane iyophuza ubisi.
Izingane ziyophuza ubisi

ix.Inkathi eyofika eqhubekayo

Le nkathi isebenzisa isakhi u-yo kanye no-be bese isakhi siyahlukana nesenzo esisilandelayo:
Isb: Ingane iyobe iphuza ubisi.
Izingane ziyobe ziphuza ubisi.

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 20. OMABIZWAFANE (HOMONYMS)

Ithanga

Inyanga

Isonto

Ilanga

Ukuchitha

Ibala

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