3/3/2023

DURABLE CONSTRUCTION WITH

PRESERVATIVE-TREATED WOOD
(MAT212)

GUEST SPEAKER: PANEL HOST:

Butch Bernhardt Lori Koch, P.E.
Deputy Director Director, Educational Outreach
Western Wood Preservers Institute American Wood Council

Welcome

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Copyright © 2021 American Wood Council

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The American Wood Council is a

Registered Provider with The American
Institute of Architects Continuing Education
Systems (AIA/CES), Provider # 50111237.
Credit(s) earned on completion of this course
will be reported to AIA CES for AIA
members. Certificates of Completion for both
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presentation here: does not include content that may be
http://www.awc.org/education/resources deemed or construed to be an approval or
endorsement by the AIA of any material of
construction or any method or manner of
handling, using, distributing, or dealing in
any material or product.
Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this
presentation.

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Copyright © 2021 American Wood Council

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COPYRIGHT
This presentation is protected by US and
International Copyright laws. Reproduction,
distribution, display and use of the presentation
without written permission of AWC is prohibited.

© American Wood Council 2023

Funding provided in part by the Softwood Lumber Board.

Today’s Presenter & Production Team

Butch Bernhardt
Western Wood Preservers Institute

Lori Koch, AWC Marcie Weeber, AWC Kim Paulson, AWC

Director, Educational Outreach Manager, Education & Accred. Education Administration

Copyright © 2021 American Wood Council

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Butch Bernhardt
Western Wood Preservers Institute (WWPI)

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Copyright © 2021 American Wood Council

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Durable Construction with Preservative-Treated Wood

Western Wood Preservers Institute

12503 SE Mill Plain Blvd., Suite 205
Vancouver, WA 98684
Tel: (360) 693-9958
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.preservedwood.org

©2023 Western Wood Preservers Institute.

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Instructor

Butch Bernhardt
Deputy Director
[email protected]

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Purpose and Learning Objectives

• Discover how preservative-treated

lumber is manufactured, the steps taken
to assure proper quality control and the
safety and effectiveness of preservative
used today
• Learn how to properly specify pressure-
treated wood products using the
American Wood Protection
Association's Use Category System

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Purpose and Learning Objectives

• Learn how preserved wood is

referenced in building codes for specific
applications

• Explain the treating industry consensus

Best Management Practices to
safeguard the use of preserved wood
and minimize any impacts on aquatic
and other sensitive environments

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Introduction to Preserved Wood

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Sustainability Through Preserving

Inputs Outputs
• Seed • Oxygen
• Soil • Habitat
• Water • Stored carbon
• Sun • Mature forest
• CO2 • Wood products
30–80 years of
forest management

By the time your treated product has served its life,

a new one will be grown and ready to replace it
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History of Treated Wood

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Today’s Uses

Infrastructure

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Today’s Uses

Residential,
Commercial

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Planning for Longevity

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Termites and Other Wood Destroying Insects

Formosan
Termite

Carpenter
Ants

Wood Boring
Beetles

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Wood Decay Fungi and Rot

Elements and conditions decay fungi need to

deteriorate wood:

• Food (wood)
• Suitable temperatures
• Moisture
• Oxygen

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Protecting Wood from Decay and Insects

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How Wood Is Preservative Treated

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History of Wood Treating

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Wood Pressure Treating Process

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Wood Species for Treating

East, Lake State

Red Pine
West
Douglas fir
Hem‐Fir
Ponderosa Pine
Lodgepole Pine

South
Southern
Yellow Pine

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Preparing Wood for Treating

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Pressure Treating

The picture can't be display ed.

Loading the wood

• Lumber, plywood moved into retort
• Vacuum applied to remove air
• Retort filled with preservatives

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Treatment Process

Under pressure
• Continuous pressure
• Process time varies

Completing treatment
• Pressure released, solution drained
• Wood moved to sealed drip pad

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Quality Control

Quality control
• In-plant quality checks
• Third-party inspections

Ready for market

• Often top-wrapped for protection
• Shipped to customers via rail, truck,
barge

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Today’s Preservatives

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Need for Wood Preservatives

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Need for Wood Preservatives

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Early Days of Treating

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Wood Preservatives Overview

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Wood Preservative Changes

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Oversight of Wood Preservatives

“These pesticides must be

ssuuppppoorrttedwith a complete
sscciieenntificaannaallyysisand show
that they can be used without
causing unreasonable adverse
effects to human health or
the environment.”

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Safety of Wood Preservatives

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Retentions for Preservatives

UC3B UC4A
Above Ground, Exposed Ground Contact

1 oz. 2.5 oz.

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Wood Preservative Standards

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Types of Wood Preservatives

Waterborne Oil‐type

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Commonly Available Preservatives

Copper Azole, or CA-C and MCA

Most common preservative used today, can be found at home
centers and other retail locations. CA-C is used for Douglas Fir
and Hem-Fir. MCA or micronized copper azole is used for
Southern Yellow Pine.

Ammoniacal Copper Zinc Arsenate, or ACZA

Known by its brand name Chemonite®. ACZA-treated wood
has been used in commercial and industrial applications
since the 1930s.

SBX or DOT
An inorganic boron used to prevent termites and fungal decay.
Water soluble, so only used for interiors.

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Other Preservatives

PTI, EL2
Carbon-based preservatives that do not contain copper and
instead utilize biocides to protect the wood. Specified
exclusively for above ground applications.

Alkaline Copper Quaternary, or ACQ

Availability limited due to shortages of quaternary, which is
used in disinfectants.

Chromated Copper Arsenate, or CCA

While unavailable for residential construction, still used for
agriculture, aquatics, highway and utility applications.

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Oil-Type Preservatives
For maximum protection, oil-type
preservatives are the oldest and most popular
in commercial/industrial applications

Oil-type preservatives used today:

• CuNap – copper naphthenate
• Creo – creosote
• Penta – pentachlorophenol
• DCOI
• IPBC

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Specifying Using the

AWPA Use Category System

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Wood Preservative Standards

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UC1, UC2 – Interior

Wood labeled as UC1 is used in interior

construction not in contact with the ground or
foundation.

Wood labeled as UC2 is used for interior

construction that may be subject to dampness.

Applications: UC1 - Interior furniture,

construction furnishings, millwork
UC2 - Interior beams, timbers, flooring, framing,
millwork, sill plates

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UC3 – Above Ground

UC3A is used in exterior construction that is coated

and not in contact with the ground.

UC3B is used in exterior construction that is not in

contact with the ground; does not require an
exterior coating.

Applications: Decking, railings, joists and beams

for decks and freshwater docks, fence pickets,
millwork, siding, trim

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UC4 – Ground Contact

UC4A is used when:

(1) in contact with the ground, fresh water or other
situations favorable to deterioration;
(2) used above ground but is difficult to maintain, repair or
replace; or
(3)used above ground but may end up in ground contact
or is subject to hazards comparable to ground contact

UC4B wood products are used in contact with the ground

where there is a high potential for deterioration.

Applications: UC4A - Fence posts, deck posts, structural

lumber, joists and beams for decks and freshwater docks
UC4B - Poles and posts, utility poles, decking, permanent
wood foundations, above tidal piers and docks
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Preserved Wood and Building Codes

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Building Code References

International Building Code (IBC)

Section 2304.12
Protection against Decay and Termites

International Residential Code (IRC)

Section R317
Protection of Wood and Wood-Based
Products Against Decay

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Joists and Exterior Foundation Walls

2304.12.1 Locations requiring water-borne preservatives or

naturally durable wood
Wood used above ground in the locations specified in Sections
2304.12.1 2304.12.3 and 2304.12.5 shall be naturally durable
wood or preservative-treated wood using waterborne
preservatives.

2304.12.1.1 Joists, girders and subfloor

Requires preserved wood for joists or structural floors closer
than 18 inches or wood girders that are closer than 12 inches to
exposed ground in crawl spaces or unexcavated areas within
the foundation.

2304.12.1.2 Wood supported by exterior foundation walls

Requires preserved wood, including wood sheathing, in contact
with exterior foundation walls and are less than 8 inches from
exposed earth.

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Exterior Walls Below Grade, Sills and Siding

2304.12.1.3 Exterior walls below grade

Requires preserved wood for framing and furring strips in direct
contact with the interior of exterior masonry or concrete walls
below grade.

2304.12.1.4 Sleepers and sills

Requires preserved wood for sleepers and sills on a concrete or
masonry slab that is in direct contact with earth.

2304.12.1.5 Wood siding

Requires preserved wood if clearance between the siding and
earth is less than 6 inches or less than 2 inches from concrete
steps, slabs, or similar horizontal surfaces exposed to the
weather.

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Other Building Locations

2304.12.2 Other locations

Wood used in the locations specified in Sections 2304.12.2.1
through 2304.12.2.5 shall be naturally durable wood or
preservative-treated wood.

2304.12.2.1 Girder ends

Requires preserved wood for girders entering exterior masonry
or concrete walls with less than a ½ -inch airspace on top,
sides, and end.

2304.12.2.2 Posts or columns

Requires preserved wood for posts or columns supporting
permanent structures and supported by a concrete or masonry
slab or footing that is in direct contact with the earth. Also
referenced in Section 2304.12.3.1 for wood in contact with
ground or fresh water.

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Balconies, Laminated Timbers, and Permeable Floors

2304.12.2.3 Supporting member for permanent appurtenances

Requires preserved wood for structural supports of buildings,
balconies, porches, or similar permanent building appurtenances
where such members are exposed to the weather without adequate
protection from a roof, eave, or overhang.

2304.12.2.4 Laminated timbers

Requires preserved wood for portions of glued-laminated timbers
that form the structural supports of a building or other structure and
are exposed to weather and not fully protected from moisture by a
roof, eave, or similar covering.

2304.12.2.5 Supporting members for permeable floors, roofs

Requires preserved wood for members that support moisture-
permeable floors or roofs that are exposed to the weather, such as
concrete or masonry slabs.

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Wood Used in Termite Areas and Retaining Walls

2304.12.4 Termite protection

Requires preserved wood in geographical areas where hazard
of termite damage is known to be very heavy for wood floor
framing in the locations specified in Section 2304.12.2.1 and for
exposed framing of exterior decks or balconies.

2304.12.5 Retaining walls and cribs

Requires preserved wood installed in retaining or crib walls.

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Using Preserved Wood in Construction

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Preserved Wood Quality Marks

Trademark of
Proper exposure
ALSC agency
AWPAstandard condition

Identification of
Preservative used Minimum retention
the treating plant
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Incising in Wood

• For ground contact applications, western species

such as Douglas Fir and Hem-Fir are incised

• Incising can reduce strength in lumber less than

5 inches in thickness

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Required Fasteners

Fasteners required by building codes for use with

preservative-treated wood:

• Hot-dipped galvanized steel

• Stainless steel
• Silicon bronze
• Copper

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Field Treating for Cuts and Holes

AWPA and building codes require field treating using

a treatment containing either copper naphthenate,
oxine copper or MCQ.

Coat the cut or hole with a standard paintbrush.

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Handling Preserved Wood

Use common-sense precautions in handling preserved

wood products:

• Wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants and gloves

• Wash hands and any exposed areas thoroughly after

handling

• Avoid inhaling sawdust

• Sawing should only be performed outdoors,

wearing safety glasses

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Disposing of Preserved Wood

• Preserved wood can often be recycled for use in other

applications

• Do not burn preserved wood in open fires or in stoves,

fireplaces or residential boilers

• Dispose of preserved wood in landfills; not considered

hazardous waste

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Best Management Practices

for Aquatic Uses

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Balancing Protection and Impact on Sensitive Environments

The preserved wood industry is committed to

ensuring its products are made, installed in a way
that minimizes potential adverse impacts to aquatic
and sensitive environments

Best Management Practices, or BMPs, to guide the

use of preserved wood in, near or over water

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Specifiers Guide – Best Management Practices

• Consensus process

• Goal: minimize amount of preservative

available to move into environment

• Proven practices to lower risks

The picture can't be display ed.

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Environmental Modelling Tool

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Environmental Modelling Tool

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Specifying BMP Products

• Plan ahead, work with treater to secure BMP

products

• BMP treatment procedures vary among

preservatives; treaters responsible for
compliance to procedures

• Internal quality control and third-party inspection

defined by BMPs

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Specifying BMP Products

• Specify the appropriate materials per standards

• Specify the material must be produced and

utilized in compliance with the BMPs

• Require third-party inspection agency assurance

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Proper Communications

• Any order should involve communications

between purchaser/specifier and treating
company

• Cutting, prefabrication and framing done prior to

treating

• Inspected within 10 days of receipt;

contact treater immediately if issues

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Shared Responsibility

• Avoid field treating over water, sensitive

environments

• Cutting, drilling done at stations to control

sawdust, trim ends

• Removal of existing preserved wood done with

care to minimize potential for debris

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Environmental Benefits of
Preserved Wood

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Preserved Wood and the Environment

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Competing Materials

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Life Cycle Assessments for Preserved Wood

• Conducted according to
internationally recognized ISO
14044 standards

• Subject to scientific peer review to

confirm the results and have been
published in environmental
journals

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LCA Analysis Results

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Summary and Resources

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Wood That Lasts

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PreservedWood.org website

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Publications

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FireResistantWood.org website

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eUniversity

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Treated Wood Guide app

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Thank You!

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Questions?

page 11

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Copyright © 2021 American Wood Council

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Code Official Connections Benefits

No cost to qualifying participants:
Code Officials ● Inspectors ● Plans Examiners

• Discounted publications
• WoodPost bi-weekly e-newsletter
• Free Online Tools and updates
• Free continuing education
• American Institute of Architects
• ICC Preferred Provider
• National Council of Structural Engineers Association

www.awc.org/codeconnections

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This concludes the American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Course

AWC.ORG
50 Catoctin Circle NE, Suite 201 Leesburg, VA 20176

14

Copyright © 2021 American Wood Council

7
 3/3/2023

Pardon Our Dust…

We’ve heard you!

• Transitioning to a new learning management

system

• Watch for changes and notifications coming soon.

• THANK YOU for your patience and understanding.

15

Reminders
GROUPS: Complete the multiple attendee form located in the chat box and
being sent in email tomorrow

Follow-up email TOMORROW AFTERNOON

• Certificates of Completion (may take up to 10 business days)
• Missed Time in Session
• Multiple Attendee Form
• Course Survey

Save the Date!

April 27 – Demonstrating Sustainability through Standards

16

Copyright © 2021 American Wood Council

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