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Anatomy Tables - Bones of the Pelvis and Perineum<
Bone Structure Description Notes paired; the os coxae forms the lateral part of the pelvis; it is one of three bones formed by three fused bones: that form the pelvis ischium, ilium & pubis; also known as the innominate bone a cup-shaped depression in the lateral surface of the os coxae bone acetabulum means vinegar cup; it is the socket for the head of the femur; it is formed by the: ilium (1/5), ischium (2/5) and pubis (2/5); the acetabular fossa lies in the floor of the acetabulum it is spanned by the transverse acetabular ligament; the acetabular br. of the obturator a. enters the hip joint by passing through the acetabular notch the ligament of the head of the femur occupies the acetabular fossa
os coxae
acetabulum
acetabular notch
a notch in the inferior margin of the acetabulum a roughened depression in the center of the acetabulum
acetabular fossa lunate surface of the acetabulum obturator foramen
the smooth the lunate surface surrounds articular surface of the acetabular fossa and the the acetabulum acetabular notch a large foramen formed by the pubic and ischial rami obturator means to occlude or stop up, a reference to the fact that the obturator membrane closes the obturator foramen
almost completely; a site of attachment for the obturator externus m. and the obturator internus m. pubis an angulated bone the forms the anterior part of the pelvis one of three bones that form the os coxae: ilium, ischium, pubis; its body forms 1/5 of the acetabulum; its symphyseal surface unites with the pubis of the opposite side to form the pubic symphysis; the superior and inferior pubic rami participate in the formation of the obturator foramen
body pubic crest
superolateral the body of the pubis forms portion of the pubis about 1/5 of the acetabulum ridge on the attachment of rectus superior border of abdominis & pyramidalis the superior ramus mm. process at the attachment point of the lateral end of pubic medial end of the inguinal crest ligament superior "limb" that articulates with the superior passes medially ramus of the opposite side at from the body of the pubic symphysis the pubis ridge on superior surface of the superior pubic ramus inferior "limb" that passes inferolaterally from the pubic symphysis groove on the inferior surface of attachment point of the pectineal ligament
pubic tubercle superior ramus
pecten
inferior ramus
articulates with the ischial ramus to form the ischiopubic ramus; attachment site for the root of the penis (clitoris) marks the area of passage of the obturator vessels and n. in
obturator groove
the superior pubic ramus ischium
the obturator canal
the "V"- shaped one of the three bones that bone that forms the form the os coxae: ilium, posteroinferior part ischium, pubis of the pelvis ischial ramus the limb of the it articulates with the inferior ischium that passes ramus of the pubis anteriorly and superomedially toward the pubis the part of the ischium that participates in the formation of the acetabulum the roughened projection that protrudes posteroinferiorly from the body of the ischium it articulates with the ilium and the pubis at the acetabulum; the body of the ischium forms 2/5 of the acetabulum it is the site of attachment of the sacrotuberous ligament; it is the site of origin of the inferior gemellus m., quadratus femoris m. and the hamstring mm. (semitendinosus, semimembranosus, long head of biceps femoris, ischiocondylar portion of the adductor magnus) the lesser sciatic notch is converted to the lesser sciatic foramen by the sacrospinous ligament and the sacrotuberous ligament the greater sciatic notch is converted to the greater sciatic foramen by the sacrospinous ligament and the sacrotuberous ligament
body
ischial tuberosity
lesser sciatic the notch located notch between the ischial tuberosity and the ischial spine greater the notch on the sciatic notch inferior portion of ischium located medial to the ischial spine
ischial spine the spine that arises it is the site of attachment of
just superior to the the sacrospinous ligament and lesser sciatic notch the site of origin of the superior gemellus m. ilium fan-shaped bone one of three bones that form that forms the the os coxae: ilium, ischium, lateral prominence pubis of the pelvis body the portion of the ilium that participates in the formation of the acetabulum the body of the ilium forms 2/5 of the acetabulum
iliac crest
arching superior attachment for abdominal edge the ilium that wall muscles forms the rim of the "fan"
iliac tubercle roughened area along the outer edge of the iliac crest anterior superior iliac spine posterior superior iliac spine arcuate line spine at the anterior lateral attachment of the end of the iliac inguinal ligament crest spine at the position marked by a posterior end of the dimpling of the skin iliac crest ridge running from anteroinferior to posterosuperior on the inner surface of the ilium a triangular bone that is the posterior skeletal element forming the pelvis base inferior boundary of the iliac fossa; marks the plane of transition from abdominal cavity to pelvic cavity it is formed by 5 fused vertebrae; the sacrum and two os coxae bones form the pelvis
sacrum
the superior part of the base of the sacrum the sacrum includes the articular surface
for the fifth lumbar vertebra (through an intervertebral disk) and the superior portion of the two ala promontory a projection of the superior part of the sacrum in an anterior direction ala the lateral portion of the sacrum the body of the fifth lumbar vertebra sits on the sacral promontory and articulates with it through a symphysis paired; it projects laterally from the body of the sacrum; it represents the fused costal and transverse processes of the first sacral vertebra there are four pairs; each transmits the ventral primary ramus of the respective sacral spinal nerve; branches of the lateral sacral aa. Enter the sacral canal through these openings
anterior sacral foramina
an opening in the anterior surface of the sacrum
posterior sacral foramina
an opening in the there are four pairs; each posterior surface of transmits the dorsal primary the sacrum ramus of the respective sacral spinal nerve it is the continuation of the vertebral canal at sacral vertebral levels it is a normal feature that results from the failure of fusion of the laminae of the fifth sacral segment (and sometimes the fourth) during development
sacral canal the opening in the center of the sacrum sacral hiatus an opening in the posterior surface of the sacrum in the midline
auricular surface
the roughened area this surface articulates with located on the the ilium in the sacroiliac lateral surface of articulation the sacrum the central portion the body is equivalent to the
body
of the sacrum coccyx the most inferior portion of the vertebral column
bodies of the other vertebra the coccyx results from the fusion of the four coccygeal vertebrae; it may be a single bone or the first coccygeal vertebra may be separated from the other three; it articulates with the fifth sacral segment; coccygeal vertebrae are reduced in complexity, having no pedicles, laminae or spines
