CS25C03 – ESSENTIALS OF COMPUTING

LABORATORY

(2025 REGULATION)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

AND ENGINEERING
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ESSENTIALS OF COMPUTING LABORATORY is the bonafide record

of practical work done by Mr / Ms…………………………………………….

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of academic year 2025 – 2026.

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Submitted for the University Practical Examination held on ………..…..

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
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 L T P C
CS25C03 ESSENTIALS OF COMPUTING
2 0 2 3

Course Objectives:
1. To introduce the basic components and operations of computers.
2. To develop problem-solving and computational thinking skills.
3. To enable learners to design simple solutions using algorithms and flowcharts.
4. To provide hands-on experience in visual programming and basic app
development.

1. Computers
i. Office Software for documentation and presentation
ii. Spread sheets for calculations and data Visualization
2. Computational Thinking
i. Solving problems based on number systems and logics.
ii. Virtual Demonstration of Computational thinking.
3. Problem Solving Basics
i. Algorithm Development for simple mathematical problems
4. Programming Languages
ii. Flowchart design for simple mathematical problems
5. Scratch Programming
i. Creation of Functional Block for simple mathematical problems
ii. Drawing and Painting operations
iii. Scratch Animation for understanding Conditional and Loop statements.
iv. Draw artistic, geometric patterns and create games.
v. Scratch Programs for applied scientific computing and data manipulations
6. App Development
i. Sample App Developments for societal problems.

References:
1. Thareja, R. (2020). Fundamentals of computers. Oxford University Press.
2. Rajaraman, V., & Adabala, N. (2014). Fundamentals of computers. PHI Learning.
3. Brookshear, J. G., & Brylow, D. (2015). Computer science: An overview. Pearson.
4. Dromey, R. G. (1982). How to solve it by computer. Prentice Hall International.
5. Marji, M. (2014). Learn to program with Scratch: A visual introduction to programming
with games, art, science and math. No Starch Press.
6. Riley, D. D., & Hunt, K. A. (2014). Computational thinking for the modern problem
solver. CRC Press.
7. Venkatesh, G., & Mukund, M. (2021). Computational thinking. Notion Press.
E-Resources:

1. Brennan and Resnick’s CT Framework 2012:

https://scratched.gse.harvard.edu/ct/files/AERA2012.pdf
2. CS50X 2025 Scratch YouTube lectures by Prof. David J Malan, Harvard University:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WtPyqwTLKM
3. https://teachinglondoncomputing.org/resources/developing-computational-thinking/
4. Scratch software: https://scratch.mit.edu/
5. MIT APP INVENTOR software: https://appinventor.mit.edu/
6. app.diagrams.net

Description of CO PO PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

Describe the basic components and

CO1 functioning of computers, number
systems, and data representation.

Apply computational thinking and

problem-solving techniques to
CO2 PO1(3)
design simple algorithms for real-
world problems

Design and represent solutions

CO3 using flowcharts, pseudocode, and PO2 (2)
basic visual programming tools.

Demonstrate the ability to

independently learn new
CO4 PO11(1)
computing tools and practices
essential for life- long learning
 COLLEGE
VISION
To be an institute of excellence in Technical Education and training individuals
focusing on the needs of the Nation and Society in tune with Technological
Developments.

MISSION
 Our Mission is to produce Disciplined and Quality Technocrats through Academic
Programme of noted excellence to serve the Society.
 Creating a nurturing, holistic environment of Engineering education to facilitate
every student realize their full potential.
 Strive to make the students strong in basic concepts armed with appropriate skills
to enhance one's ability to apply the knowledge and provide solutions to real time
issues.
 Maintain an ambiance that facilitates the students to strengthen their ethical value
systems.
 Actively promote R&D and Institute- Industry Interaction.
CSE - DEPARTMENT
VISION
To excel in the field of Computer Science and Engineering, to meet the emerging
needs of the industry, society, and beyond

MISSION

 To facilitate quality education to meet the need of profession and society.

 To equip students for emerging technologies with global standards and ethics that
aid in societal sustainability.
 To promote research based projects in the emerging areas of computer
technology.
Program Educational Objectives(PEOs)
To enable the students to become fundamentally strong in the
PEO1 mathematical, scientific and engineering concepts needed to succeed in
industry and society.
To provide the students with a solid foundation in computer science with
PEO2 opportunity to constantly learn and update the knowledge in the
emerging fields of technology.
To facilitate experimental learning of the students to analyze, design,
PEO3 implement, test and administer computer-based solutions to the real
world problems aligned with the industry expectations.
To inculcate soft skills such as communication, team work, leadership
PEO4 qualities, professional and ethical values and an ability to apply the
acquired skills to address the societal issues.

To provide students with an academic environment conducive for life-

PEO5
long learning needed for a successful professional career.
 Program Outcomes(POs)
To apply knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals
PO1 and computer science theory to solve the complex problems in Computer
Science and Engineering.
To analyze problems, identify and define the solutions using basic
PO2
principles of mathematics, science, technology and computer engineering.
To design, implement, and evaluate computer based systems, processes,
PO3 components, or software to meet the realistic constraints for the public
health and safety, and the cultural, societal and environmental
considerations.
To design and conduct experiments, perform analysis & interpretation
PO4
and provide valid conclusions with the use of research-based knowledge
and research methodologies related to Computer Science and
Engineering.
To propose innovative original ideas and solutions, culminating into
PO5
modern engineering products for a large section of the society with
longevity.
To apply the understanding of legal, health, security, cultural & social
PO6 issues and thereby ones responsibility in their application in Professional
Engineering practices.
To understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions in
PO7
societal and environmental issues, and the need for sustainable
development.
To demonstrate integrity, ethical behavior and commitment to code of
PO8 conduct of professional practices and standards to adapt to the
technological developments of revolutionary world.
To function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in
PO9
diverse teams, and in multifaceted environments.
To communicate effectively to end users, with effective presentations
PO10 and write comprehends technical reports and publications representing
efficient engineering solutions.
To understand the engineering and management principles and their
PO11 applications to manage projects to suite the current needs of
multidisciplinary industries.
To learn and invent new technologies, and use them effectively towards
PO12
continuous professional development throughout the human life.
 Program Specific Outcomes(PSOs)

Graduates with an interest in, and aptitude for, advanced

PSO1
studies in computing will have completed, or be actively
pursuing, graduate studies in computing.
Graduates will be informed and involved members of their
PSO2
communities, and responsible engineering and computing
professionals.
Course Outcomes(COs)

CO1 Describe the basic components and functioning of computers,

number systems, and data representation.
CO2 Apply computational thinking and problem-solving techniques to
design simple algorithms for real- world problems
CO3 Design and represent solutions using flowcharts, pseudocode,
and basic visual programming tools.
CO4 Demonstrate the ability to independently learn new computing
tools and practices essential for life- long learning.
Ex. No: 1.1 FORMATTING THE DOCUMENT
Date:

AIM:
To format the document in word.
PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Open and save a new word
file. Step 2: Set the page margins.
Step 3: Specify the page layout and modify the normal text format.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, Formatting the Word document was implemented and the output is
verified successfully.
Ex. No: 1.2 WORKING WITH TABLES
Date:

AIM:
To work with tables in MS-WORD.
PROCEDURE:
Tables in MS-Word can be created in two ways:
1. Using the Grid.

Step 1: Go to the insert tab and click Table button.

Step 2: In the drop-down menu, select the number of rows and columns from the
grid.
2. Using dialogue box:

Step 1: Go to the insert tab and click Table

button. Step 2: Under Grid, click insert table.
Step 3: In insert dialogue box, mention the no. of rows and columns and click OK.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, Woking with Tables in MS-Word was implemented and the output is verified
successfully.
Ex. No: 1.3 WORKING WITH BULLETS AND LISTS
Date:

AIM:
To work with bullets and lists in MS-Word.

PROCEDURE
CREATING BULLETS:
Step 1: Select the
text. Step 2: Go to
home tab.
Step 3: Go to paragraph section and select bullets.

CREATING NUMBERED LIST:

Step 1: Select the text for first level
Step 2: Now go to the home tab.
Step 3: Go to the paragraph section and select multilevel option.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, Working with bullets and lists in MS-Word was implemented and the output is
verified successfully.
Ex. No: 1.4 WORKING WITH STYLES, SHADES, SMARTART AND CHARTS
Date

AIM:
To work with styles, shades, smart art and charts.

PROCEDURE:
1. APPLYING STYLES:
Step 1: Text selection.
Step 2: Press Ctrl+ Shift+ s.
Step 3: A dialog box for apply style is popped up. Choose your style for selected
text by navigating down by pressing Alt+ Down Arrow.

2. APPLYING SHADES:
Step 1: Select the text.
Step 2: Go to shading tab in Home.
Step 3: Select the shading colour of your choice.

3. INSERTING SMART ART:

Step 1: Select the Insert tab.
Step 2: Click the smart art option.
Step 3: Select the smart art of your choice.

4. INSERTING CHARTS:
Step 1: Click Insert>Chart.
Step 2: Click chat type and double click the chart.
Step 3: Replace the default data with your details.
Step 4: Use layout options to arrange the chart and text in your document.
OUTPUT:
1. STYLES

2. SHADES

3. SMARTART
4. GRAPHS

RESULT:
Thus, Working with styles, Shades, Smart art and Charts were implemented and
the output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 1.5 IMPORTING OBJECTS FROM OTHER OFFICE TOOLS
Date:

AIM:
To insert and import objects from other office tools.
PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Click create new tab.
Step 2: Select an option from object list.
Step 3: If you want the new file to appear as a clickable icon, select display as
icon. If this check box is selected, you can choose different icon by clicking
change.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, importing objects from other office tools was implemented and output is verified
successfully.
Ex. No: 1.6 WORKING WITH DOCUMENT TEMPLATES
Date:

AIM:
To create and use Document Templates in MS-Word.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Click File>Save as.
Step 2: Type name for your template in File name box.
Step 3: Click template item in Save as type list.
Step 4: Click save.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus Creating and using Document templates in Word was implemented and the
output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 1.7 INSERTING EQUATIONS, SYMBOLS AND SPECIAL CHARACTERS
Date:

AIM:
To insert the equations, special characters and symbols in word document.
PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Place cursor in the document where you want to insert the equations,
symbols or special characters.
Step 2: Go to insert tab and click on the equation drop down icon in the symbols
section at the top right corner of the screen.
Step 3: Then select the equation you want to select.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, Inserting equations, special characters and symbols in word was
implemented and the output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 1.8 WORKING WITH TABLE OF CONTENTS, REFERNCE AND CITATION
Date:

AIM:
To work with table of contents, reference and citation in word.
PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Place the cursor where you want to add the table of contents, reference and
citation.
Step 2: Go to Reference > Table of contents and choose automatic style.
Step 3: Go to Reference>Style, choose a citation style and insert the
citation.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, Working with table of contents, reference and citation in word was
implemented and the output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 1.9 INSERT AND REVIEW COMMANDS
Date:

AIM:
To insert and review the commands in word.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Select the command.
Step 2: Select Review>New command.
Step 3: Click elsewhere in the document when you are done.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, Insert and reviewing the commands were implemented and the output is
verified successfully.
Ex. No: 1.10 CREATE BOOKMARK, HYPERLINK, END NOTE AND FOOT NOTE
Date:

AIM:
To create bookmark, hyperlink, end note and foot note in word.
PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Select the place where you want add bookmark, hyperlink, end note and
foot note.
Step 2: Click Insert>Bookmark. Under bookmark name, type a name and click
add. Step 3: On insert tab, select link and click the link.
Step 4: Click references>insert endnote.
Step 5: Click references>insert footnote.
OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, Creating bookmark, hyperlink, end note and foot note in word was
implemented and the output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 1.11 VIEWING DOCUMENTS IN DIFFERENT MODES
Date:

AIM:
To view the word document in different modes.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: To change the documents view in word, click the desired document view
button

Step 2: Alternatively, click the desired documents view button on the View tab of the
ribbon in either the view and/or immersive button groups.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, viewing the word document in different modes was implemented and the
output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 1.12 DOCUMENT PROTECTION AND SAFETY
Date:

AIM :
To protect and secure the document in MS-Word.
PROCEDURE :
Step 1: On the word menu, click preferences.
Step 2: Under personal settings, click security.
Step 3: In the password to open box, type a password and then click
OK. Step 4: Confirm the password.
Step 5: Click OK and Save.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, Document protection and safety was implemented and the output is
verified successfully.
Ex. No: 1.13 INSPECT DOCUMENTS FOR ACCESSIBILITY
Date:

AIM:
To inspect the documents for accessibility.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Select File>Info.
Step 2: Select Check for issues>Check
Accessibility. Step 3: In the inspection results,
select an issue.
Step 4: In the Additional Information, review How to fix and make the needed
changes to your document.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, inspecting the document for checking the accessibility was implemented and
the output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 2.1 CREATING WORKSHEETS IN EXCEL
Date:

AIM:
To create the worksheet, insert and format the table in excel.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: On the home tab, in cells group click
Insert. Step 2: Then click Insert sheet.
Step 3: Select a cell within your
data. Step 4: Select Home>Format
as table. Step 5: Choose a style for
your table.
Step 6: In the format as table dialog box, set your cell
range. Step 7: Mark of your tables has headers.
Step 8: Select OK.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, creating a worksheet and inserting table in the worksheet was
implemented and the output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 2.2 WORKING WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATA
Date:

AIM:
To work with different types of data: List, Currency, Date, Numeric in excel.

PROCEDURE:
1. CREATING LIST:
Step 1: Select the cell.
Step 2: Select Data >Data Validation.
Step 3: Select Settings>Allow box>Click list.
Step 4: Click the source box, then select list
range. Step 5: Check the In-cell dropdown box.
Step 6: Click the input message.

2. CURRENCY DATA:
Step 1: Select the cell.
Step 2: Select Home >currency.

3. DATE FORMAT:
Step 1: Select Home>Format.
Step 2: Choose the Locate (Location) and date format you want.

4. WORKING WITH NUMERIC DATA:

Step 1: Press Ctrl+1 and select Number.
Step 2: Right click the cell or cell range, select Format cells and select
numbers. Step 3: Select the small arrow, dialog box launcher and then
select number.
OUTPUT:
1. LIST

2. CURRENCY DATA

3. DATE
 4. NUMERIC DATA

RESULT:
Thus, working with different types of data in excel was implemented and the output
is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 2.3 DATA MODIFICATION IN EXCEL
Date:

AIM:
To Split, Validate, Consolidate and Convert data.

PROCEDURE:
1. SPLITTING DATA:
Step 1: Select the cell.
Step 2: Select Data>Text to columns. Step 3: Select
Delimited>Next. Step 4: Select Next.
Step 5: Select the designation in your Worksheet to split the data.

2. CONSOLIDATING DATA:
Step 1: Click Data>Consolidate in data tools group.
Step 2: In the function box, click the summary function that you
want the excel to use to Consolidate the data.
3. VALIDATING DATA:
Step 1: Select the cells for validation. Step 2: Click Data Validation.
Step 3: On the settings tab, in the allow box, select list. Step 4: Type
the list values in source box.
4. DATA CONVERSION:
Step 1: Select data column, select Home>Transform>Data Type
and then select Date option.
Step 2: You can convert other numeric types such as percentage or
currency. Step 3: Select Home>Close and Load.
OUTPUT:
1. SPLITTING DATA:

2. VALIDATING DATA:

3. CONSOLIDATING DATA:
 4. CONVERTING DATA:

RESULT:
Thus, data modification in excel was implemented and the output is verified
successfully.
Ex. No: 2.4 SORT AND FILTER DATA
Date:

AIM:
To sort and filter the data in excel.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Select the cell.
Step 2: On the data tab, select sort and filter group to perform ascending
sort. Step 3: Click to perform descending sort.
Step 4: Select Data>Filter.
Step 5: Select the column header arrow.
Step 6: Select Text Filters or number filters and then select a
comparison. Step 7: Enter the criteria and select OK.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, Sorting and filtering the data in excel was implemented and the output is
verified successfully.
Ex. No: 2.5 PERFORM CALCULATIONS USING FUNCTIONS
Date:

AIM:
To perform mathematical calculations (statistical, logical, mathematical and data
time) using functions.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Calculations in excel can be performed simply by using the equal sign
(=). Step 2: To perform statistical calculations, default built-in functions are
available such as:
1. COUNT
2. COUNTA
3. COUNTBLANK
4. COUNTIFS
5. AVERAGE
6. MEAN
7. MEDIAN
8. MODE
Step 3: Select the cell
Step 4: Type equal sign and then type a function to implement logical
operations. Step 5: Type two full dates and times.
Step 6: Set the format. Select both the cells and press Ctrl+1.
Step 7: Subtract the two cells.
Step 8: Set the [h]: mm format.
OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, performing calculations was implemented and output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 2.6 WORKING WITH LOOK UP AND REFERENCE FORMULAS
Date:

AIM:
To work with look up and reference formulas in excel.

PROCEDURE:
1. LOOKUP TABLES:
Step 1: In the formula bar, type VLOOKUP ().
Step 2: Enter the look up value.
Step 3: Enter table array or lookup table, the range of data you want to search
and comma.
Step 4: Enter column index number.
Step 5: Enter the range lookup value, either TRUE or FALSE.

2. REFERENCE FORMULAS:
Step 1: Click the cell.
Step 2: In the formula bar, type =.
Step 3: Select the cell that contains the value you want or type its cell
reference. Step 4: Press enter.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, working with lookup and reference formulas was implemented and the output
is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 2.7 WORKING WITH CHARTS
Date:

AIM:
To create and work with different types of charts in excel.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Select data for the chart.
Step 2: Select Insert>Recommended charts.
Step 3: Select a chart on the Recommended charts tab to preview the
charts. Step 4: Select a chart.
Step 5: Select OK.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, creating and working with different types of charts in excel was
implemented and the output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 2.8 SUMMARIZING CHARTS USING PIVOT TABLE
Date:

AIM:
To use the pivot tables to summarize and analyse the charts.

PROCEDURE:
1. CREATING PIVOT CHARTS:
Step 1: Select a cell.
Step 2: Select Insert>Pivot chart.
Step 3: Select the place where you want the pivot chart to appear.
Step 4: Select OK.
Step 5: Select the fields to display the menus.

2. SUMMARIZING THE PIVOT TABLE USING CHARTS:

Step 1: Select a cell.
Step 2: Select Pivot Table Tools> Analyse >Pivot
Chart. Step 3: Select a chart.
Step 4: Select OK.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, working with Pivot tables to summarize and analyse the charts was
implemented and the output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 2.9 PERFORM DATA ANALYSIS
Date:

AIM:
To perform data analysis using your own functions and formulas.

PROCEDRE:
Step 1: Select a cell.
Step 2: Select the Analyse Data button on the home
tab. Step 3: The following functions are performed:
1. CONCATENATE
2. LENGTH
3. TRIM
4. COUNTA
5. FIND/SEARCH

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, performing data analysis using your own functions and formulas in Excel was
implemented and output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 2.10 COMBINING DATA
Date:

AIM:
To combine data from multiple worksheet and use built=in functions to generate
results.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Open each source sheet.
Step 2: In your destination sheet, click the upper-left cell of the area where you
want the consolidated data to appear.
Step 3: On the Data tab, in the Data Tools group, click Consolidate.
Step 4: In the Function box, click the function that you want Excel to use to
consolidate the data.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, combining the data from multiple worksheets was implemented and the output
is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 2.11 EXPORT DATA AND SHEETS
Date:

AIM:
To export data and sheets using Excel.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Right click the
worksheets name tab. Step
2:
Click Select Move or Copy.
Step 3: Click on the Move Selected sheets to Book drop down
menu. Select new book. Step 4: Click OK. Your new workbook
opens with your moved worksheet.
Step 5: Click File>Save in your new workbook.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, exporting the data and sheets in excel was implemented
and the output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 2.12 WORKING WITH MACROS
Date:

AIM:
To working with macros using the excel workbook.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Create the Excel Sheet with the below data.

Step 2:

Step 3: Now another window will open, in that window do following

things: Click on

Customize Ribbon, Mark the checker box for Developer option, Click on
OK button.

Step 4: You will now be able to see the DEVELOPER tab in the

ribbon. Step 5: Record Macro

Step 5.1: Click on the DEVELOPER tab

Step 5.2: Click on Record Macro as shown in the image below and
give the macro name then press the OK button
 Step 5.3: Record the operation as Split the last name in another
column. Click the Data Menu and choose Text to Columns one dialog
box will open. Click the space option in check box and give finish.

Step 5.4: The output display as

Step 5.5: Record another operation as select the marks and go to HOME menu to
use conditional formatting

Step 5.6: Again goto Developer menu to press Stop

Recording. Step 6: Run the Macro

Step 6.1: In developer menu, Click Macros Option dialog box will open.
Choose the recorded macro.
Step 6.2: Click on run option

RESULT:
Thus, working with macros using the excel workbook was
implemented and the output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 2.13 PROTECTING DATA AND SECURING WORKBOOK
Date:

AIM:
To protect the data and secure the excel workbook.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Choose Protect Workbook and Select
encrypt with password. Step 2: Enter the chosen
password and click OK.
Step 3: Re-enter the password and click OK again.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, protecting and securing the data or worksheets in excel
was implemented and the output is verified.
Ex. No: 3.1 CHOOSE SLIDE TEMPLATE, LAYOUT AND THEMES

AIM:
To choose slide template, layout and themes in PowerPoint.

PROCEDURE:
1. SLIDE TEMPLATE:
Step 1: Select File>New.
Step 2: Choose a template or search for online template and press
enter. Step 3: Choose the template and select create.

2. SLIDE LAYOUT:
Step 1: On the view menu, Click Slide Master.
Step 2: Click the slide master tab and then click New Layout.

3. SLIDE THEMES:
Step 1: On the view tab, select slide
master. Step 2: Then select Themes.
Step 3: Click Save Current Theme.
Step 4: In the file name box, type an appropriate name for the theme and click Save.

OUTPUT:
1. SLIDE TEMPLATE:
 2. SLIDE LAYOUT:

3. SLIDE THEME:

RESULT:
Thus, choosing slide template, layout and themes in PowerPoint was
implemented and the output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 3.2 FORMATTING SLIDE
Date:

AIM:
To format the slide contents using bullets and numbering.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: On the slide, select the line of text or table where you want to add bullets or
numbering.
Step 2: On the HOME tab, in paragraph group, click bullets and numbering.
Step 3: To change all lines of text, select the outline of the text object, and then
apply the bullets or numbering.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, formatting the slide content using the bullets and numbering was
implemented and the output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 3.3 FORMATTING IMAGES, SMARTART, TABLES AND CHARTS
Date:

AIM:
To insert and format images, smart art, tables and charts in PowerPoint.

PROCEDURE:
1. IMAGES:
Step 1: Select the picture.
Step 2: Select the Tools>Format and select Correlation.
Step 3: Hover over the options to preview them and select the one you want.

2. SMARTART:
Step 1: Select the Smart art.
Step 2: Select Smart art Tools>Design Tab.
Step 3: hover over the layouts to preview them and select the one you want.

3. TABLES:
Step 1: Click the table you want to apply a different table style.
Step 2: Under Table Tools, on the design tab, in Table style group, click Table style.

4. CHARTS:
Step 1: Select the chart
element. Step 2: Right click it.
Step 3: Click format <chart element>.
OUTPUT:
1. IMAGES:

2. SMARTART AND CHARTS:

3. TABLES:

RESULT:
Thus, formatting images, smart art, charts and tables was implemented and the
output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 3.4 SLIDE MASTER, NOTES AND HANDOUT MASTER
Date:

AIM:
To make use of slide master, notes and handout master.

PROCEDURE:
1. SLIDE MASTER:
Step 1: Click the view tab, Slide master.
Step 2: The slide master view will be opened.

2. NOTES:
Step 1: Click the menu, click Normal.
Step 2: Select the thumbnail of slide you want to add notes to.
Step 3: The notes will appear beneath the slide. Click where you want to add notes.

3. HANDOUT MASTER:
Step 1: On the view tab, in Master view group, click Handout Master.
Step 2: On the page, click in a text placeholder to make your changes.

OUTPUT:
1. SLIDE MASTER AND HANDOUT MASTER:
 2. NOTES:

RESULT:
Thus, working with slide master, notes and hand-out master was implemented and
the output is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 3.5 WORKING WITH TRANSITION AND ANIMATION
Date:

AIM:
To work with animation and transition in PowerPoint.

PROCEDURE:

1. ANIMATION:
Step 1: Select the object where you want to animate.
Step 2: On the animation tab of the ribbon in the animation group, click more
button. Step 3: Select the animation effect you want.

2. TRANSITION:
Step 1: Select the slide you want to add a transition to.
Step 2: Select transitions tab and choose a transition.
Step 3: Select effect options to choose the direction and nature of
transition. Step 4: Select preview to see what transitions looks like.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, working with animation and transition was implemented and the output is
verified successfully.
Ex. No: 3.6 ORGANIZE AND GROUP THE SLIDES
Date:

AIM:
To organize and group the slides in PowerPoint.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Right-click between slides and select Add Section. An Untitled Section is
added in the thumbnail pane, and the Rename Section dialog box opens.
Step 2: Type a name in the Section name box.
Step 3: Select Rename.
Step 4: To collapse a section, click the triangle next to the section name.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, organizing and grouping the slides was implemented and the output is verified
successfully.
Ex. No: 3.7 IMPORTING MEDIA OBJECTS
Date:

AIM:
To import media objects such as Audio, video animation in PowerPoint.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: Click in the slide where you want to place the
object. Step 2: On the insert tab, in Text group, click
object.
Step 3: Click create from file.
Step 4: In the File box, type the name of the file, or click Browse to select from a
list. Step 5: You can import media objects like audio, video animation by
following the above steps.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, importing media objects in PowerPoint was implemented and the output
is verified successfully.
Ex. No: 3.8 PERFORMING SLIDE SHOW
Date:

AIM:
To perform slide show and narrate the slide in PowerPoint.

PROCEDURE:
Step 1: To start your slide show, on the Slide Show tab, select Play from
Beginning. Step 2: To manage your slide show, go to the controls in the bottom-
left corner and do any of the following:
Go to previous
slide. Go to the
next slide. View all
slides.
Turn
subtitles. End
slide show.

OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, performing slide show in PowerPoint was implemented and output is verified
successfully.
 ALGORITHM AND FLOWCHART DEVELOPMENT FOR SIMPLE
MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS
Ex. No: 4.1 TO FIND THE LARGEST OF THREE NUMBERS
Date

AIM:
To find the largest of three numbers

Algorithm & Flowchart to find the largest of three numbers

Algorithm

Step-1 Start

Step-2 Read three numbers say

A,B,C Step-3 BIG = A

Step-4 IF B > BIG THEN

BIG =

ENDIF

Step-5 IF C >BIG THEN

BIG =

ENDIF

Step-6 Write

BIG Step-7 Stop

RESULT:

This is a complete structured solution using Algorithm and Flowchart for finding
the largest of three numbers.
Ex. No: 4.2 TO FIND AREA AND PERIMETER OF SQUARE
Date:

AIM:
To find Area and Perimeter of Square

Flowchart to find Area and Perimeter of Square

Algorithm

Step-1 Start

Step-2 Input Side Length of Square

say L Step-3 Area = L x L

Step-4 PERIMETER = 4 x L

Step-5 Display

AREA,

PERIMETER

Step-6 Stop

RESULT:

This is a complete structured solution using Algorithm and Flowchart for to finding
Area and Perimeter of Square
Ex. No: 4.3 TO PRINT MULTIPLICATION TABLE OF A NUMBER
Date:

AIM:
To print multiplication Table of a number

Algorithm & Flowchart to print multiplication Table of a number

Algorithm

➔ Step 1:
Start
➔ Step 2:
Read the number → num
➔ Step 3:
Set i = 1
➔ Step 4:
Repeat while i <= 10
→ product = num × i
→ Print num × i = product
→ Increment i by 1 (i = i + 1)
➔ Step 5:
End

RESULT:

This algorithm & flowchart provides a step-by-step process to print a multiplication

table of any number.
 SCRATCH PROGRAMMING

INTRODUCTION:

 Scratch is a programming language. Programming language is meant that a

means of communicating with the computer, so as to give some instructions for it
to perform.
 Programming in Scratch is very easy, including animation and games. It is a very
useful tool for young kids or creators to learn and implement coding logic.
 It was developed by MIT's Media Lab and it is free and can be used online on its,
website, or it can be downloaded to use offline. It is available for operating systems
like Windows, iOS, ChromeOS, Android 6.0+, etc.

SCRIPT

 In Scratch, a script is a set of instructions that are used to create a Scratch

program. Or we can say that it is a stack of blocks that are connected with each
other and perform the specified tasks. Scripts are used to interact with sprites
and tell them what to do or say.
 We can create a script in the script area. Here, we drag the blocks from the
block palette and assemble them to create scripts.

Sprite
 There are objects and characters that could be added to a program to perform
actions based on code written in scripts in a project using blocks, these
objects and characters are known as Sprite. You can add a prebuilt sprite or
create a new sprite as per your requirement.
 You can find the option to add the sprite in the right bottom corner, second menu
from the right corner. There are many free sprites already available in the store,
you can choose any of them or can paint a new sprite, or upload any other sprite.
Below are some of the preloaded sprites from the scratch,
Tempo
If you want to attach any instrumental blocks or beats to your scratch project then you
need to determine how fast your note has to play. Whether you want to play the same
beat for 60 seconds you want to play 3-4 beats for some time period. This control of the
speed of instrumental beats in Scratch is known as Tempo.

Events
Events in Computer Science refer to the trigger, which makes anything happen when
any button is clicked or any action has happened. In Scratch, events are represented by
Yellow color blocks, which include when the flag is clicked, when the sprite is clicked,
when the key is pressed, etc.
Backdrops
When you program something in Scratch, you have full freedom to use and change the
background, before or during the program. These background effects are known as
Backdrops.

Coding Blocks
Coding blocks are some pre-defined or pre-written blocks of code that make writing
statements of code very simple in Scratch. You can use any coding blocks by simply
dragging and dropping as per your requirements. You may also create your custom
block if you want. Below are a few of the coding blocks explained in brief. Besides, there
are various other coding blocks available, and also you and create your blocks too.
 Motion: These are used to move a sprite back and forth or in any direction or rotate
them.
 Looks: These are used to change the look of the sprite or replace them with some
other sprite of the same category.
 Sounds: Tempo or Sounds are used to control the sound flow in the program.
 Events: Events handle trigger calls.
 Controls: Conditional operators and loops are all in this category.
 Sensing: Sensing controls how to react whenever the mouse pointer hits the
playground and/or touches the sprite or by the motion of the mouse.
 Operators: These are for the control and flow of arithmetic operations in the
program.
 Variables: You can declare the variables, in your program using these blocks.
 My Blocks: You can create your custom blocks from here.
Loops
Loops in Scratch or any programming language help you execute the same line of code
with or without different values for 'n' a number of times. You can either set the number
of times or set a condition to end the loop. Scratch supports the following loops:
 repeat: This block is used to iterate the given set of instructions 'n' a number of
times. Here, the value of n is a positive number.
 forever: This block is used to execute the given set of instructions infinitely.
 repeat until: This block is used to iterate the given set of instructions until the
given condition is not satisfied.

Conditions
Conditions in Scratch are implemented using Control blocks. You can use control blocks
to check for a condition and based on if the condition is true or false, the required
code/script can be executed. Two of the most popular control blocks are:
 if-then: In this block, if the given condition is true the code/script present inside
this block will execute. Otherwise, the code/script present inside this block will be
ignored.
 if-then-else: In this block, if the given condition is true the code/script present
inside this block will execute. Otherwise, the code/script present inside the else
block will execute.
 Ex. No: 5.1 CREATION OF FUNCTIONAL BLOCK FOR SIMPLE
MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS
DATE: ADDS TWO NUMBERS

AIM
To create a functional block in Scratch Programming Language that adds two
numbers and displays the result.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1:Start
Step 2: Input two numbers → num1 and num2
Step 3:Create a functional block named Add Two Numbers that performs
the operation: sum = num1 + num2
Step 4:Call the functional block with the two input numbers.
Step 5:Display the result (sum).
Step 6:End
PROGRAM DESIGN (Using Scratch Blocks)
➔ 1. Create a Custom Block:
 Go to “My Blocks” category → Click “Make a Block”
 Name the block: Add Two Numbers (num1) (num2)

2. Inside the Custom Block:

 Define Add Two Numbers (num1) (num2)
 Set [sum v] to (num1 + num2)
 Say (join "The sum is: " sum)

3. Main Program Flow

When green flag clicked
Ask "Enter first number:" and
wait Set [num1 v] to (answer)

Ask "Enter second number:" and

wait Set [num2 v] to (answer)

Call Add Two Numbers (num1) (num2)

 OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, the functional block in Scratch Programming Language to add two
numbers and display the result created successfully.
 Ex. No: 5.2 DRAWING AND PAINTING OPERATIONS
DATE: BASIC DRAWING (LINES, CIRCLE)

AIM:
To create a simple Scratch program that demonstrates basic drawing (lines, shapes)
and painting (filling with colors) using the Scratch Pen extension.

ALGORITHM:
Step 1:Start the program.
Step 2:Select a Sprite (e.g., the default Cat sprite or a pen sprite).
Step 3: Enable Pen Extension
1. Click on Extensions → Add the Pen Extension (this allows drawing).
Step 4 :Drawing a Shape (e.g., Square)
1. Clear the screen → clear block.
2. Put the pen down → pen down.
3. Set the pen color and size → set pen color to [color], set pen size to [size].
4. Repeat 4 times:
→ Move forward by a fixed number of steps (e.g., 100 steps).
→ Turn right by 90 degrees.
Step 5 :Painting Operation,Optionally, use the pen color to simulate filling the shape as
the sprite draws.
Step 6: Finish Drawing .Lift the pen → pen up.
Step 7 :End the program.
OUTPUT:

RESULT:
This algorithm demonstrates the use of Scratch Pen Extension to perform simple
drawing and painting operations.
 Ex. No: 5.3 Scratch Animation for understanding Conditional
and Loop statements
DATE: FISH GAME

AIM
To create a Scratch Animation that demonstrates the use of Conditional Statements
(if-else) and Loops (repeat, forever) in a simple interactive project.

ALGORITHM
1. Start the program when the green flag is clicked.
2. Clear the screen and reset the sprite’s position.
3. Use a forever loop to make the sprite move continuously.
4. Inside the forever loop:
o Move the sprite by 10 steps.
o Use a conditional (if-else statement):
→ If the sprite is touching the edge →
• Say "I hit the edge!" for 2 seconds.
• Turn 180 degrees (change direction).
→ Else → continue moving.
5. Repeat forever.
Scratch Program (Blocks Description)
When green flag
clicked go to x: 0 y: 0
clear
show
foreve
r
move 10 steps
if < touching edge? > then
say "I hit the edge!" for 2
seconds turn 180 degrees
end
end
OUTPUT:

RESULT:
This Scratch Animation helps beginners visualize how conditional and loop
statements work in a fun, interactive way.
 Ex. No: 5.4 DRAW ARTISTIC, GEOMETRIC PATTERNS
AND CREATE GAMES.
DATE: 1.SPIRAL GEOMETRIC PATTERN

AIM
To use Scratch Programming to: Draw artistic geometric patterns.

ALGORITHM
1. Start the program.
2. Clear the screen.
3. Set pen size and color.
4. Put the pen down.
5. Repeat many times (e.g., 50):
• Move forward by increasing steps.
• Turn by a small angle (e.g., 15°).
6. Lift the pen.

SCRATCH PROGRAM
When green flag
clicked clear
set pen size to 2
set pen color to [red]
pen down
set steps to 10
repeat 50
move (steps) steps
turn 15 degrees
change steps by 5
end
pen
up
OUTPUT:

RESULT
A colourful spiral pattern is drawn on the Scratch stage.
 Ex. No: 5.5 DRAW ARTISTIC, GEOMETRIC PATTERNS
AND CREATE GAMES.
DATE: 2.CATCH THE FALLING OBJECTS

AIM
To use Scratch Programming to: Create a simple interactive game.
Algorithm
1. Start the program.
2. Display player sprite at the bottom of the screen.
3. Generate falling objects (e.g., apples) at random x positions at the top.
4. Continuously move objects downward.
5. Control the player sprite left and right using arrow keys.
6. If the player touches the falling object:
• Increase score.
• Re-position the object at the top.
7. Display score.
OUTPUT:

RESULT
An interactive game where the player moves left/right to catch falling objects
and the score increases.
Ex. No: 5.6 SCRATCH PROGRAMS FOR APPLIED SCIENTIFIC
COMPUTING AND DATA MANIPULATIONS
DATE: CALCULATE MEAN OF A SET OF NUMBERS

AIM:
To Compute the average (mean) of a list of numbers entered by the user.
Algorithm Steps:
1. Ask the user to enter numbers separated by commas.
2. Convert the input into a list.
3. Sum all numbers.
4. Divide by the number of elements.
5. Display the mean.
Scratch Implementation Blocks:
 Use "ask [Enter numbers separated by commas] and wait" block.
 Use "split text by ','" block.
 Loop over the list → convert text to numbers → sum them.
 Calculate mean = sum ÷ count.
 Display the result using "say" block.

OUTPUT:
RESULT:
This simple program lets users input any sequence of numbers, and it correctly calculates and
displays the mean in an interactive Scratch project.