​ 15.

​ Human-Environment Systems (HES) is also called:​

DISCIPLINE AND IDEAS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES a. Symbolic Functionalism​
HUMSS 12 b. Coupled Human and Natural Systems (CHANS)​
c. Institutional Ecology​
d. Rational-Environmentalism​
Part I. Multiple Choice (25 items)​
Encircle the letter of the correct answer. 16.​ HES emphasizes:​
a. One-way human impact on nature​
1.​ Rational Choice Theory (RCT) assumes that b. Two-way interactions between humans and
individuals base decisions on:​ environment​
a. Random emotions​ b. Cost-benefit analysis​ c. Only political influence on environment​
c. Social norms​ ​ d. Historical tradition​ d. Stability of institutions​

2.​ Who emphasized bounded rationality, noting limits in 17.​ A major challenge of HES is:​
time, information, and cognition?​ a. Overuse of mathematics​
a. Robert Merton​ ​ b. George Herbert Mead​ b. Difficulty integrating disciplines​
c. Herbert Simon​ ​ d. David Easton​ c. Lack of symbolic meaning​
d. Ignoring individuals​
3.​ Symbolic Interactionism focuses on:​
a. Large-scale institutions​ ​ 18.​ Who claimed that studying institutions requires
b. Social structures​ awareness of different government systems?​
c. Everyday meanings and interactions​ a. Merton​ ​ b. Wilson​
d. Environmental systems​ c. Mead​ ​ ​ d. Parsons​

4.​ The play stage in Mead’s theory involves:​ 19.​ Which perspective stresses that reality is socially
a. Coordinating roles with others​ constructed?​
b. Copying and imitating role models​ a. Symbolic Interactionism​ b. Rational Choice​
c. Internalizing norms and values​ c. Functionalism​ ​ d. Institutionalism​
d. Understanding manifest functions​
20.​ “Sympathetic introspection” belongs to which school?​
5.​ Which theorist is most associated with the concept of a. Chicago​ ​ b. Iowa​
the self in Symbolic Interactionism?​ c. Dramaturgical​ ​ d. Structural​
a. Parsons​ ​ b. Mead​
c. Garfinkel​ ​ d. Merton​ 21.​ What was Rational Choice Theory strongly influenced
by?​
6.​ Structural Functionalism views society as:​ a. Game theory and economics​
a. A battlefield of inequalities​ b. Psychoanalysis​
b. A marketplace of self-interest​ c. Symbolism​
c. A system of interrelated parts working for stability​ d. Environmentalism​
d. A set of random interactions​
22.​ Critics of Structural Functionalism argue it ignores:​
7.​ Who expanded functionalism by distinguishing a. Culture​ ​ b. Social inequalities​
manifest and latent functions?​ c. Institutions​ ​ d. Everyday meanings​
a. Parsons​ ​ b. Weber​
c. Merton​ ​ d. Durkheim​ 23.​ The Generalized Other means:​
a. Copying role models​
8.​ The AGIL Model was developed by:​ b. Internalizing norms of society​
a. Parsons​ ​ b. Goffman​ c. Treating everyone the same​
c. Easton​ ​ d. Wilson​ d. Choosing rational strategies​

9.​ “Any social pattern that may disrupt the operation of 24.​ One of the main strengths of RCT is:​
society” is called:​ a. Explains altruism well​
a. Latency​ ​ b. Dysfunction​ b. Provides explicit assumptions and unified
c. Goal Attainment​ d. Manifest function​ framework​
c. Fully considers social norms​
10.​ The Dramaturgical approach views life as:​ d. Considers emotions deeply​
a. A system of exchanges​ b. A scientific experiment​
c. A stage with roles​ d. A conflict arena​ 25.​ Environmental collapse due to human actions is a
focus of:​
11.​ Which approach focuses on formal legal political a. Structural Functionalism​
systems?​ b. Symbolic Interactionism​
a. Functionalism​ ​ b. Institutionalism​ c. Human-Environment Systems​
c. Interactionism​ ​ d. Rational Choice​ d. Institutionalism​
​
12.​ The traditional institutional approach is often criticized Part II – Identification (2 points each = 24 points)
as:​
a. Too focused on informal systems​ Write the correct answer on the space provided.
b. Too descriptive and formal-legal​
c. Overly mathematical​ 26.​ Who proposed the concept of bounded rationality?
d. Ignoring human-environment relations​ 27.​ Who introduced the concept of the self through play,
game, and generalized other stages?
13.​ Who criticized institutionalism for “extreme 28.​ Who developed the AGIL model?
formalism”?​ 29.​ Who distinguished between manifest and latent
a. Macridis​ ​ b. Olsen​ functions?
c. Easton​ ​ d. Merton 30.​ Who criticized institutionalism for being overly formal
14.​ New Institutionalism highlights:​ and narrow?
a. The irrelevance of institutions​
b. Greater independence of institutions​
c. Pure individual decision-making​ ​
d. Social meanings​ ​
 31.​ Who presented the concept of “New Institutionalism”? 31.​ Who presented the concept of “New Institutionalism”?
32.​ Who described the dramaturgical approach to social 32.​ Who described the dramaturgical approach to social
interaction? interaction?
33.​ Who criticized institutionalism for neglecting crucial 33.​ Who criticized institutionalism for neglecting crucial
factors in political power? factors in political power?
34.​ What theory is associated with game theory and 34.​ What theory is associated with game theory and
cost-benefit analysis? cost-benefit analysis?
35.​ What sociological perspective emphasizes everyday 35.​ What sociological perspective emphasizes everyday
symbols and meanings? symbols and meanings?
36.​ What theoretical framework sees society as an 36.​ What theoretical framework sees society as an
interdependent system? interdependent system?
37.​ What approach studies both human and natural 37.​ What approach studies both human and natural
systems together? systems together?

Part III – Fill in the Blanks ( 3 pts. = 51 points) Part III – Fill in the Blanks ( 3 pts. = 51 points)

Supply the missing word(s). Supply the missing word(s).

38.​ Rational Choice Theory assumes individuals are 38.​ Rational Choice Theory assumes individuals are
______ and goal-seeking.​ ______ and goal-seeking.​

39.​ RCT relies heavily on ______ theory from economics.​ 39.​ RCT relies heavily on ______ theory from economics.​

40.​ One critique of RCT by Herbert Simon is ______ 40.​ One critique of RCT by Herbert Simon is ______
rationality.​ rationality.​

41.​ Sociologists’ critique emphasizes ______ and social 41.​ Sociologists’ critique emphasizes ______ and social
structures.​ structures.​

42.​ Psychologists argue that ______ and emotions shape 42.​ Psychologists argue that ______ and emotions shape
decisions.​ decisions.​

43.​ Symbolic Interactionism stresses that reality is 43.​ Symbolic Interactionism stresses that reality is
______ constructed.​ ______ constructed.​

44.​ Mead explained the stages of the self: play, game, 44.​ Mead explained the stages of the self: play, game,
and ______ other.​ and ______ other.​

45.​ In the play stage, children ______ role models.​ 45.​ In the play stage, children ______ role models.​

46.​ In the game stage, individuals understand the ______ 46.​ In the game stage, individuals understand the ______
of others.​ of others.​

47.​ Structural Functionalism views society as a ______ 47.​ Structural Functionalism views society as a ______
system.​ system.​

48.​ Parsons developed the ______ model for societal 48.​ Parsons developed the ______ model for societal
survival.​ survival.​

49.​ The “A” in AGIL stands for ______.​ 49.​ The “A” in AGIL stands for ______.​

50.​ The “G” in AGIL stands for ______.​ 50.​ The “G” in AGIL stands for ______.​

51.​ The “I” in AGIL stands for ______.​ 51.​ The “I” in AGIL stands for ______.​

52.​ The “L” in AGIL stands for ______.​ 52.​ The “L” in AGIL stands for ______.​

53.​ Manifest functions are ______ and intended 53.​ Manifest functions are ______ and intended
consequences.​ consequences.​

54.​ Latent functions are unrecognized and ______ 54.​ Latent functions are unrecognized and ______
consequences.​ consequences.​
 39.​ game​

40.​ bounded​
1.​ b. Cost-benefit analysis​
41.​ norms​
2.​ c. Herbert Simon​
42.​ altruism​
3.​ c. Everyday meanings and interactions​
43.​ socially​
4.​ b. Copying and imitating role models​
44.​ generalized​
5.​ b. Mead​
45.​ imitate​
6.​ c. A system of interrelated parts working for stability​
46.​ roles​
7.​ c. Merton​
47.​ complex​
8.​ a. Parsons​
48.​ AGIL​
9.​ b. Dysfunction​
49.​ Adaptation​
10.​ c. A stage with roles​
50.​ Goal Attainment​
11.​ b. Institutionalism​
51.​ Integration​
12.​ b. Too descriptive and formal-legal​
52.​ Latency​
13.​ a. Macridis​
53.​ recognized​
14.​ b. Greater independence of institutions​
54.​ unintended
15.​ b. Coupled Human and Natural Systems (CHANS)​ ​

16.​ b. Two-way interactions between humans and

environment​

17.​ b. Difficulty integrating disciplines​

18.​ b. Wilson​

19.​ a. Symbolic Interactionism​

20.​ b. Iowa​

21.​ a. Game theory and economics​

22.​ b. Social inequalities​

23.​ b. Internalizing norms of society​

24.​ b. Provides explicit assumptions and unified

framework​

25.​ c. Human-Environment Systems​

26.​ Herbert Simon​

27.​ George Herbert Mead​

28.​ Talcott Parsons​

29.​ Robert Merton​

30.​ Macridis​

31.​ March and Olsen​

32.​ Erving Goffman​

33.​ David Easton​

34.​ Rational Choice Theory​

35.​ Symbolic Interactionism​

36.​ Structural Functionalism​

37.​ Human-Environment Systems (HES)​

38.​ rational​