ANSI H35.1 / H35.

1(M)-2006
Revision of H35.1-2004 and
H35.1(M)-2004

American National Standard

Alloy and Temper Designation
Systems for Aluminum

Secretariat
The Aluminum Association
Incorporated
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American National Standard

Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus,
and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer.

Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been
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not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be
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whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or
procedures not conforming to the standards.

The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will under no circumstances give an interpretation
of any American Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American
National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretation should be addressed
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CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of
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 ANSI H35.1 / H35.1(M)-2006
Revision of H35.1-2004 and
H35.1(M)-2004

American National Standard

Alloy and Temper Designation Systems
for Aluminum

Secretariat

The Aluminum Association, Inc.

1525 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 600
Arlington, VA 22209

Approved April 18, 2006

American National Standards Institute

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 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS COMMITTEE H35
ON
ALUMINUM AND ALUMINUM ALLOYS

OFFICERS

H. Bushfield, Chairman
P. Pollak Secretary

COMMITTEE MEMBERS

THE ALUMINUM ASSOCIATION

HAROLD BUSHFIELD, Alcoa Inc., Alcoa Center, Pennsylvania

AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA

JAMES R. RENTSCH, Aerospace Industries Association of America, Arlington, Virginia

ALUMINUM EXTRUDERS COUNCIL

JOHN MURPHY, Indalex Aluminum Solutions, Mountaintop, Pennsylvania

AMERICAN FOUNDRYMEN’S SOCIETY

STEVE ROBISON, American Foundrymen’s Society, Des Plaines, Illinois
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AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS

MILTON MILNER, Standards Aluminium, LLC, Hendersonville, North Carolina

METAL SERVICE CENTER INSTITUTE

JULIE S. THANE, Metal Service Center Institute, Chicago, Illinois

NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION

VINCE BACLAWSKI, National Electrical Manufacturers Association, Rosslyn, Virginia

SAE INTERNATIONAL (SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS)

ROBERT STEFFEN, Raytheon Precision Manufacturing, Dallas, Texas

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

RICHARD J. SQUILLACIOTI, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

STEPHEN D. RIDDER, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

CARL LEVANDUSKY, Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division, Lakehurst, New Jersey

2
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 ANSI H35.1 / H35.1(M)-2006

Forword
This Standard is a revision of ANSI Standard H35.1-2004 Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for Aluminum.
Initially, the Standard consisted of only the alloy designation system for wrought aluminum developed by
The Aluminum Association and adopted by that organization in 1954. A booklet describing the system was issued in
July 1954 and was approved under the existing standards procedure of the American Standards Association as Ameri-
can Standard H35.1-1957.
All major producers of wrought aluminum alloys in the United States adopted the Aluminum Association
Alloy Designation System for Wrought Aluminum on October 1, 1954. A Military Standard (MIL-STD-192) cover-
ing the new system was issued in October 1955. The Society of Automotive Engineers began using the designations
in 1956, and the American Society for Testing and Materials in 1958.
The Standard was reissued in 1962 to add the temper designation system that had been in effect in the United
States since 1948. Subsequently, MIL-STD-192 was cancelled, since it was the equivalent to American Standard
H35.1-1962.
This Standard was originally developed and subsequently revised using the “canvas” method and published
under the proprietary sponsorship of the Aluminum Association. At the request of the Aluminum Association, the
establishment of Standards Committee H35 on Aluminum Alloys was authorized by the American National Standards
Institute on 17 February 1970, with the Association serving as Secretariat.
The 1971 revision of ANSI H35.1 was the first revision developed by Standards Committee H35, under the
“Standards Committee” procedures, and the 1972, 1975, 1978, and 1982 revisions were developed under the auspices
of that Committee.
Standards Committee H35 was transferred to an Accredited Standards Committee on December 28, 1983,
and this revision was developed under the Accredited Standards Committee method.
This latest (2006) revision consists of modification of Appendix Section A1.3, which covers identifiers for
wrought products in the 5xxx series for which the magnesium content is 3 % nominal or more, and also combines U.S
Customary and Metric Units. Up to now, two seaparate editions: H35.1 with U.S. Customary Units and H35.1(M)
with Metric Units had been published.
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 ANSI H35.1 / H35.1(M)-2006

Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for Aluminum (ANSI H35.1-2004)

1. Scope The designation assigned shall be in the 1xxx group

This standard provides systems for designating wrought whenever the minimum aluminum content is specified
aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys, aluminum as 99.00 percent or higher. The alloy designation in the
and aluminum alloys in the form of castings and foundry 2xxx through 8xxx groups is determined by the alloying
ingot, and the tempers in which aluminum and alumi- element (Mg2Si for 6xxx alloys) present in the greatest
num alloy wrought products and aluminum alloy cast- mean percentage, except in cases in which the alloy
ings are produced. Specific limits for chemical compo- being registered qualifies as a modification or national
sitions and for mechanical and physical properties to variation of a previously registered alloy. If the greatest
which conformance is required are provided by appli- mean percentage is common to more than one alloying
cable product standards. element, choice of group will be in order of group se-
quence Cu, Mn, Si, Mg, Mg2Si, Zn or others.
NOTE: A numerical designation assigned in confor-
mance with this standard should only be used to indi- The last two digits identify the aluminum alloy or indi-
cate an aluminum or an aluminum alloy having chemical cate the aluminum purity. The second digit indicates
composition limits identical to those registered with The modifications of the original alloy or impurity limits.
Aluminum Association and, for wrought aluminum and
wrought aluminum alloys, with the signatories of the 2.1 Aluminum
Declaration of Accord on an International Alloy Designa- In the 1xxx group for minimum aluminum purities of
tion System for Wrought Aluminum and Wrought Alu- 99.00 percent and greater, the last two of the four dig-
minum Alloys. its in the designation indicate the minimum aluminum
percentage.T These digits are the same as the two digits
2. Wrought Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy to the right of the decimal point in the minimum alumi-
Designation System Q num percentage when it is expressed to the nearest 0.01
A system of four-digit numerical designations is used to percent. The second digit in the designation indicates
identify wrought aluminum and wrought aluminum al- modifications in impurity limits or alloying elements. If
loys. The first digit indicates the alloy group as follows: the second digit in the designation is zero, it indicates
unalloyed aluminum having natural impurity limits; in-
Aluminum, 99.00 percent and greater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1xxx tegers 1 through 9, which are assigned consecutively as
WER
Aluminum alloys grouped by major alloying elements
Copper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2xxx
needed, indicate special control of one or more individ-
Manganese. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3xxx ual impurities or alloying elements.
Silicon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4xxx
Magnesium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5xxx
Magnesium and silicon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6xxx R Standard limits for alloying elements and impurities are expressed in the fol-
Zinc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7xxx lowing sequence: Silicon; Iron; Copper; Manganese; Magnesium; Chromium;
Other element. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8xxx Nickel;Zinc;Titanium (see Note 1);Other (see Note 2) Elements, Each;Other (see
Unused series. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9xxx Note 2) Elements, Total; Aluminum (see Note 3).
Note 1—Additional specified elements having limits are inserted in alphabeti-
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cal order according to their chemical symbols between Titanium and Other Ele-
ments, Each, or are listed in footnotes.
Q Chemical composition limits and designations conforming to this standard
Note 2—“Other” includes listed elements for which no specific limit is shown
for wrought aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys, and aluminum and
as well as unlisted metallic elements. The producer may analyze samples for
aluminum alloy castings and foundry ingot may be registered with The
trace elements not specified in the registration or specification. However, such
Aluminum Association provided: (1) the aluminum or aluminum alloy is of-
analysis is not required and may not cover all metallic “other” elements. Should
fered for sale, (2) the complete chemical composition limits are registered,
any analysis by the producer or the purchaser establish that an “other” element
and (3) the composition is significantly different from that of any alumi-
exceeds the limit of “Each” or that the aggregate of several “other” elements ex-
num or aluminum alloy for which a numerical designation already has been
ceeds the limit of “Total”, the material shall be considered non-conforming.
assigned.
W For codification purposes an alloying element is any element that is intention- Note 3—Aluminum is specified as minimum for unalloyed aluminum, and as a
remainder for aluminum alloys.
ally added for any purpose other than grain refinement and for which minimum
and maximum limits are specified. T The aluminum content for unalloyed aluminum made by a refining process
E Standard limits for alloying elements and impurities are expressed to the fol- is the difference between 100.00 percent and the sum of all other metallic ele-
ments plus silicon present in amounts of 0.0010 percent or more, each expressed
lowing places:
to the third decimal before determining the sum, which is rounded to the sec-
Less than .001 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.000X ond decimal before subtracting; for unalloyed aluminum not made by a refin-
.001 but less than .01 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.00X ing process it is the difference between 100.00 percent and the sum of all other
.01 but less than .10 percent analyzed metallic elements plus silicon present in amounts of 0.010 percent or
Unalloyed aluminum made by a refining process . . . . . 0.0XX more, each expressed to the second decimal before determining the sum. For
Alloys and unalloyed aluminum not made by a unalloyed aluminum made by a refining process, when the specified maximum
refining process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0X limit is 0.0XX, an observed value or a calculated value greater than 0.0005 but
.10 through .55 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.XX less than 0.0010% is rounded off and shown as “less than 0.001”; for alloys and
(It is customary to express limits of 0.30 percent through 0.55 percent as 0.X0 unalloyed aluminum not made by a refining process, when the specified maxi-
or 0.X5) mum limit is 0.XX, an observed value or a calculated value greater than 0.005 but
Over .55 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.X, X.X, etc. less than 0.010% is rounded off and shown as “less than 0.01”.
(except that combined Si + Fe limits for 1xxx designations must
be expressed as 0.XX or 1.XX)

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 ANSI H35.1 / H35.1(M)-2006

2.2 Aluminum Alloys 2.4 National Variations

In the 2xxx through 8xxx alloy groups the last two of the National variations of wrought aluminum and wrought
four digits in the designation have no special significance aluminum alloys registered by another country in accor-
but serve only to identify the different aluminum alloys dance with this system are identified by a serial letter fol-
in the group. The second digit in the alloy designation in- lowing the numerical designation. The serial letters are
dicates alloy modifications. If the second digit in the des- assigned internationally in alphabetical sequence start-
ignation is zero, it indicates the original alloy; integers ing with A but omitting I, O and Q.
1 through 9, which are assigned consecutively, indicate
A national variation has composition limits that are simi-
alloy modifications. A modification of the original alloy is
lar but not identical to those registered by another coun-
limited to any one or a combination of the following:
try, with differences such as:
(a) Change of not more than the following amounts in
(a) Change of not more than the following amounts in
arithmetic mean of the limits for an individual alloying
arithmetic mean of the limits for an individual alloying
element or combination of elements expressed as an al-
element or combination of elements expressed as an al-
loying element or both.
loying element, or both:
Arithmetic Mean of
Limits for Alloying Maximum Arithmetic Mean of
Elements in Original Alloy Change Limits for Alloying
Up thru 1.0 percent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15 Elements in Original Maximum
Over 1.0 thru 2.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 Alloy or Modification Change
Over 2.0 thru 3.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.25 Up thru 1.0 percent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15
Over 3.0 thru 4.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.30 Over 1.0 thru 2.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20
Over 4.0 thru 5.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.35 Over 2.0 thru 3.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.25
Over 5.0 thru 6.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.40 Over 3.0 thru 4.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.30
Over 6.0 percent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50 Over 4.0 thru 5.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.35
Over 5.0 thru 6.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.40
To determine compliance when maximum and minimum Over 6.0 percent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50
limits are specified for a combination of two or more
elements in one alloy composition, the arithmetic mean
of such a combination is compared to the sum of the To determine compliance when maximum and minimum
mean values of the same individual elements, or any limits are specified for a combination of two or more ele-
combination thereof, in another alloy composition. ments in one alloy composition, the arithmetic mean of
such a combination is compared to the sum of the mean
(b) Addition or deletion of not more than one alloying values of the same individual elements, or any combina-
element with limits having an arithmetic mean of not tion thereof, in another alloy composition.
more than 0.30 percent or addition or deletion of not
more than one combination of elements expressed as (b) Substitution of one alloying element for another ele-
an alloying element with limits having a combined arith- ment serving the same purpose.
metic mean of not more than 0.40 percent. (c) Different limits on impurities except for low iron. Iron
(c) Substitution of one alloying element for another ele- maximum of 0.12 percent, or less, reflecting high purity
ment serving the same purpose. base metal, should be considered as an alloy modifica-
tion.
(d) Change in limits for impurities expressed singly or as
a combination. (d) Different limits on grain refining elements.
(e) Change in limits for grain refining elements. (e) Inclusion of a minimum limit for iron or silicon, or
both.
(f ) Maximum iron or silicon limits of 0.12 percent and
0.10 percent, or less, respectively, reflecting use of high Wrought aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys meet-
purity base metal. ing these requirements shall not be registered as a new
alloy or alloy modification.
An alloy shall not be registered as a modification if it
meets the requirements for a national variation.
2.3 Experimental Alloys
Experimental alloys are also designated in accordance with
this system, but they are indicated by the prefix X. The
prefix is dropped when the alloy is no longer experimental.
During development and before they are designated as ex-
perimental, new alloys are identified by serial numbers
assigned by their originators. Use of the serial number is
discontinued when the X number is assigned.

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 ANSI H35.1 / H35.1(M)-2006

3. Cast Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy more than one combination of elements expressed as
Designation System Q an alloying element with limits having a combined arith-
metic mean of not more than 0.40 percent.
A system of four digit numerical designations is used to
identify aluminum and aluminum alloys in the form of (c) Substitution of one alloying element for another ele-
castings and foundry ingot. The first digit indicates the ment serving the same purpose.
alloy group as follows: (d) Change in limits for impurities expressed singly or as
Aluminum, 99.00 percent minimum and greater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WER
1xx.x a combination.
Aluminum alloys grouped by major alloying elements
Copper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2xx.x (e) Change in limits for grain refining elements.
Silicon, with added copper and/or magnesium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3xx.x
Silicon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4xx.x (f ) Iron or silicon maximum limits of 0.12 percent and
Magnesium. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5xx.x 0.10 percent, or less, respectively, reflecting use of high
Zinc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7xx.x purity base metal.
Tin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8xx.x
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Other element. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9xx.x 3.1 Aluminum Castings and Ingot

Unused series. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6xx.x
In the 1xx.x group for minimum aluminum purities of
The alloy group in the 2xx.x through 9xx.x excluding 6xx. 99.00 percent and greater, the second two of the four
x alloys is determined by the alloying element present in digits in the designation indicate the minimum alumi-
the greatest mean percentage, except in cases in which num percentage.% These digits are the same as the two
the alloy being registered qualified as a modification of a digits to the right of the decimal point in the minimum
previously registered alloy. If the greatest mean percent- aluminum percentage when it is expressed to the near-
age is common to more than one alloying element, the est 0.01 percent. The last digit, which is to the right of
alloy group will be determined by the sequence shown the decimal point, indicates the product form: 1xx.0 in-
above. dicates castings, and 1xx.1 indicates ingot.
The second two digits identify the aluminum alloy or in- 3.2 Aluminum Alloy Castings and Ingot
dicate the aluminum purity. The last digit, which is sepa-
In the 2xx.x through 9xx.x alloy groups the second two of
rated from the others by a decimal point, indicates the
the four digits in the designation have no special signifi-
product form: that is, castings or ingot. A modification
cance but serve only to identify the different aluminum
of the original alloy or impurity limits is indicated by a
alloys in the group. The last digit, which is to the right
serial letter before the numerical designation. The serial
of the decimal point, indicates the product form: xxx.0
letters are assigned in alphabetical sequence starting
indicates castings, xxx.1 indicates ingot that has chemi-
with A but omitting I, O, Q and X, the X being reserved
cal composition limits conforming to 3.2.1, and xxx.2 indi-
for experimental alloys.
cates ingot that has chemical composition limits that dif-
A modification of the original alloy is limited to any one fer but fall within the limits of xxx.1 ingot.
or a combination of the following:
3.2.1 Limits for alloying elements and impurities for
(a) Change of not more than the following amounts in xxx.1 ingot are the same as for the alloy in the form of
the arithmetic mean of the limits for an individual alloy- castings, except for the following:
ing element or combination of elements expressed as an
alloying element or both: Maximum Iron Percentage:
For Sand and Permanent
Arithmetic Mean of Mold Castings For Ingot
Limits for Alloying Maximum Up thru 0.15 . . . . . . . . . . 0.03 less than castings
Elements in Original Alloy Change Over 0.15 thru 0.25 . . . . 0.05 less than castings
Up thru 1.0 percent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15 Over 0.25 thru 0.6 . . . . . 0.10 less than castings
Over 1.0 thru 2.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 Over 0.6 thru 1.0 . . . . . . . 0.2 less than castings
Over 2.0 thru 3.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.25 Over 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 less than castings
Over 3.0 thru 4.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.30
Over 4.0 thru 5.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.35 For Die Castings For Ingot
Over 5.0 thru 6.0 percent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.40 Up thru 1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 less than castings
Over 6.0 percent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50 Over 1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 maximum
Minimum Magnesium Percentage:
To determine compliance when maximum and minimum For All Castings For Ingot
limits are specified for a combination of two or more Less than 0.50 . . . . . . 0.05 more than castings*
elements in one alloy composition, the arithmetic mean 0.50 and greater . . . . . . 0.1 more than castings*
of such a combination is compared to the sum of the
mean values of the same individual elements, or any Maximum Zinc Percentage:
combination thereof, in another alloy composition. For Die Castings For Ingot
(b) Addition or deletion of not more than one alloying Over 0.25 thru 0.6 . . . . . 0.10 less than castings
element with limits having an arithmetic mean of not Over 0.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 less than castings
more than 0.30 percent or addition or deletion of not *Applicable only if the resulting magnesium range is 0.15 percent or
greater.

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 ANSI H35.1 / H35.1(M)-2006
3.2.2 Identifiers for 3xx.x and 4xx.x Foundry Ingot 4.1 Basic Temper Designations
containing Structure Modifiers F as fabricated. Applies to the products of shaping processes in
One of the applicable suffixes in the table below should which no special control over thermal conditions or strain har-
dening is employed. For wrought products, there are no mechani-
be added to the registered alloy designation whenever a cal property limits.
structure modifier is intentionally added to that alloy.
O annealed. Applies to wrought products that are annealed to
obtain the lowest strength temper, and to cast products that are
Alloy Structure Chemical Composition Limits annealed to improve ductility and dimensional stability. The O
Designation Modifying may be followed by a digit other than zero.
Suffix Element Minimum (%) Maximum (%) H strain-hardened (wrought products only). Applies to products
that have their strength increased by strain-hardening, with
N Na 0.003 0.08 or without supplementary thermal treatments to produce some
S Sr 0.005 0.08 reduction in strength. The H is always followed by two or more
C Ca 0.005 0.15 digits.
P P — 0.060 W solution heat-treated. An unstable temper applicable only to
alloys that spontaneously age at room temperature after solution
• designation
The letter suffix follows and is separated from the registered foundry ingot
by a hyphen (e.g., “A356.1-S”)
heat-treatment. This designation is specific only when the period
of natural aging is indicated; for example: W ½ hr.
• modifi

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In cases where more than one modifier is intentionally added, only the T thermally treated to produce stable tempers other than F,O,or
er of greater concentration shall be identified by suffix letter affixed H. Applies to products that are thermally treated, with or without
to the registered alloy designation. supplementary strain-hardening, to produce stable tempers. The
• the
Where a foundry alloy is sold with a suffix added to its alloy designation,
modifying element’s concentration is not to be included in “Others,
T is always followed by one or more digits.

Each” or “Others, Total”.

4.2 Subdivisions of Basic Tempers
• new
It is not intended that these structure modifier identifiers be treated as
alloy registration, not should these designations be listed in the
Registration Record.
4.2.1 Subdivision of H Temper: Strain-hardened
4.2.1.1 The first digit following the H indicates the spe-
3.3 Experimental Alloys cific combination of basic operations, as follows:
Experimental alloys are also designated in accordance with H1 strain-hardened only. Applies to products that are strain-hardened
this system, but they are indicated by the prefix X. The to obtain the desired strength without supplementary thermal
treatment. The number following this designation indicates the
prefix is dropped when the alloy is no longer experimental. degree of strain-hardening.
During development and before they are designated as ex- H2 strain-hardened and partially annealed.Applies to products that
perimental, new alloys are identified by serial numbers are strain-hardened more than the desired final amount and then
assigned by their originators. Use of the serial number is reduced in strength to the desired level by partial annealing. For
discontinued when the X number is assigned. alloys that age-soften at room temperature, the H2 tempers
have the same minimum ultimate tensile strength as the cor-
4. Temper Designation System Y responding H3 tempers. For other alloys, the H2 tempers have
the same minimum ultimate tensile strength as the correspond-
The temper designation system is used for all forms of ing H1 tempers and slightly higher elongation. The number fol-
wrought and cast aluminum and aluminum alloys except lowing this designation indicates the degree of strain-harden-
ingot. It is based on the sequences of basic treatments used ing remaining after the product has been partially annealed.
to produce the various tempers. The temper designation H3 strain-hardened and stabilized. Applies to products that are
follows the alloy designation, the two being separated by a strain-hardened and whose mechanical properties are stabilized
either by a low temperature thermal treatment or as a result of
hyphen. Basic temper designations consist of letters. Sub- heat introduced during fabrication. Stabilization usually improves
divisions of the basic tempers, where required, are indicated ductility. This designation is applicable only to those alloys that,
by one or more digits following the letter. These designate unless stabilized, gradually age-soften at room temperature. The
specific sequences of basic treatments, but only operations number following this designation indicates the degree of strain-
hardening remaining after the stabilization treatment.
recognized as significantly influencing the characteristics
of the product are indicated. Should some other variation H4 strain-hardened and lacquered or painted. Applies to products
which are strain-hardened and which are subjected to some
of the same sequence of basic operations be applied to the thermal operation during the subsequent painting or lacquering
same alloy, resulting in different characteristics, then ad- operation. The number following this designation indicates the
ditional digits are added to the designation. degree of strain-hardening remaining after the product has been
thermally treated, as part of painting/lacquering cure opera-
tion. The corresponding H2X or H3X mechanical property limits
Y Temper designations conforming to this standard for wrought aluminum apply.
and wrought aluminum alloys, and aluminum alloy castings may be regis-
tered with the Aluminum Association provided: (1) the temper is used or 4.2.1.2 The digit following the designation H1, H2, H3,
is available for use by more than one user, (2) mechanical property limits
and H4 indicates the degree of strain-hardening as
are registered, (3) the characteristics of the temper are significantly differ-
ent from those of all other tempers that have the same sequence of basic identified by the minimum value of the ultimate ten-
treatments and for which designations already have been assigned for the sile strength. Numeral 8 has been assigned to the hard-
same alloy and product, and (4) the following are also registered if charac- est tempers normally produced. The minimum tensile
teristics other than mechanical properties are considered significant: (a) test strength of tempers HX8 may be determined from Table
methods and limits for the characteristics or (b) the specific practices used
to produce the temper.
1 and is based on the minimum tensile strength of the
alloy in the annealed temper. However, temper registra-
tions prior to 1992 that do not conform to the require-

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 ANSI H35.1 / H35.1(M)-2006
ments of Table 1 shall not be revised and registrations of The ultimate tensile strength of the odd numbered interme-
intermediate or modified tempers for such alloy/temper diate (-HX1, -HX3, -HX5, and HX7) tempers, determined
systems shall conform to the registration requirements as described above, shall be rounded to the nearest multiple
that existed prior to 1992. of 0.5 ksi. (For Metric Units when not ending in 0 or 5,
shall be rounded to the next higher 0 or 5 MPa.)
Table 1 4.2.1.3 The third digit,U when used, indicates a variation
of a two-digit temper. It is used when the degree of control
US Customary Units of temper or the mechanical properties or both differ from,
but are close to, that (or those) for the two-digit H tem-
Minimum tensile strength Increase in tensile strength per designation to which it is added, or when some other
in annealed temper to HX8 temper characteristic is significantly affected. (See Appendix for
ksi ksi assigned three-digit H tempers.) NOTE: The minimum ulti-
up to 6 8 mate tensile strength of a three-digit H temper must be at
7 to 9 9 least as close to that of the corresponding two-digit H tem-
10 to 12 10 per as it is to the adjacent two-digit H tempers. Products in
13 to 15 11 the H temper whose mechanical properties are below H__1
16 to 18 12 shall be variations of H__1.
19 to 24 13
4.2.2 Subdivision of T Temper: Thermally Treated
25 to 30 14
31 to 36 15 4.2.2.1 Numerals 1 through 10 following the T indicate
37 to 42 16 specific sequences of basic treatments, as follows:I
43 and over 17
T1 cooled from an elevated temperature shaping process
and naturally aged to a substantially stable condition.
Metric Units Applies to products that are not cold worked after cooling from
an elevated temperature shaping process, or in which the effect of
Minimum tensile strength Increase in tensile strength cold work in flattening or straightening may not be recognized in
in annealed temper to HX8 temper mechanical property limits.
MPa MPa T2 cooled from an elevated temperature shaping process,
up to 40 55 cold worked, and naturally aged to a substantially stable
condition. Applies to products that are cold worked to improve
45 to 60 65 strength after cooling from an elevated temperature shaping pro-
65 to 80 75 cess, or in which the effect of cold work in flattening or straight-
85 to 100 85 ening is recognized in mechanical property limits.
105 to 120 90 T3 solution heat-treated,O cold worked, and naturally aged
125 to 160 95 to a substantially stable condition. Applies to products that
are cold worked to improve strength after solution heat-treatment,
165 to 200 100 or in which the effect of cold work in flattening or straightening is
205 to 240 105 recognized in mechanical property limits.
245 to 280 110 T4 solution heat-treated O and naturally aged to a substan-
285 to 320 115 tially stable condition. Applies to products that are not cold
325 and over 120 worked after solution heat-treatment, or in which the effect of
cold work in flattening or straightening may not be recognized in
mechanical property limits.

Tempers between O (annealed) and HX8 are designated by

numerals 1 through 7.

--`,`,`,,,``,`,`,`,`,`,,`,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
—Numeral 4 designates tempers whose ultimate tensile
strength is approximately midway between that of the
O temper and that of the HX8 tempers;
—Numeral 2 designates tempers whose ultimate tensile U Numerals 1 through 9 may be arbitrarily assigned as the third digit
strength is approximately midway between that of the and registered with the Aluminum Association for an alloy and product to
indicate a variation of a two-digit H temper (see note Y).
O temper and that of the HX4 tempers;
I A period of natural aging at room temperature may occur between or after
—Numeral 6 designates tempers whose ultimate ten- the operations listed for the T tempers. Control of this period is exercised
sile strength is approximately midway between that when it is metallurgically important.
of the HX4 tempers and that of the HX8 tempers; O Solution heat treatment is achieved by heating cast or wrought products
to a suitable temperature, holding at that temperature long enough to allow
—Numerals 1, 3, 5 and 7 designate, similarly, tempers constituents to enter into solid solution and cooling rapidly enough to hold
intermediate between those defined above. the constituents in solution. Some 6xxx series alloys attain the same speci-
fied mechanical properties whether furnace solution heat treated or cooled
from an elevated temperature shaping process at a rate rapid enough to
—Numeral 9 designates tempers whose minimum hold constituents in solution. In such cases the temper designations T3, T4,
ultimate tensile strength exceeds that of the HX8 tem- T6, T7, T8, and T9 are used to apply to either process and are appropriate
pers by 2 ksi or more. (For Metric Units by 10 MPa designations.
or more).

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 ANSI H35.1 / H35.1(M)-2006
T5 cooled from an elevated temperature shaping process
and then artificially aged. Applies to products that are not cold
worked after cooling from an elevated temperature shaping process,
or in which the effect of cold work in flattening or straightening may
not be recognized in mechanical property limits.
T6 solution heat-treated O and then artificially aged. Applies
to products that are not cold worked after solution heat-treatment, or
in which the effect of cold work in flattening or straightening may
not be recognized in mechanical property limits.
T7 solution heat-treatedO and overaged/stabilized. Applies
to wrought products that are artificially aged after solution heat-
treatment to carry them beyond a point of maximum strength to
provide control of some significant characteristicP. Applies to cast
products that are artificially aged after solution heat-treatment to
provide dimensional and strength stability.
T8 solution heat-treated,O cold worked, and then artificially
aged. Applies to products that are cold worked to improve strength,
or in which the effect of cold work in flattening or straightening is
recognized in mechanical property limits.
T9 solution heat-treated,O artificially aged, and then cold
worked. Applies to products that are cold worked to improve
strength.
--`,`,`,,,``,`,`,`,`,`,,`,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

T10 cooled from an elevated temperature shaping process,

cold worked, and then artificially aged. Applies to products
that are cold worked to improve strength, or in which the effect of
cold work in flattening or straightening is recognized in mechanical
property limits.

4.2.2.2 Additional digits,{ the first of which shall not be

zero, may be added to designations T1 through T10 to in-
dicate a variation in treatment that significantly alters the
product characteristics that are or would be obtained using
the basic treatment. (See Appendix for specific additional
digits for T tempers.)

4.3 Variations of O Temper: Annealed

4.3.1 A digit following the O, when used, indicates a prod-
uct in the annealed condition having special character-
istics. NOTE: As the O temper is not part of the strain-hard-
ened (H) series, variations of O temper shall not apply to
products that are strain-hardened after annealing and in
which the effect of strain-hardening is recognized in the
mechanical properties or other characteristics.

P For this purpose, characteristic is something other than mechanical

properties. The test method and limit used to evaluate material for this
characteristic are specified at the time of the temper registration
{ Additional digits may be arbitrarily assigned and registered with The Alu-
minum Association for an alloy and product to indicate a variation of tempers
T1 through T10 even though the temper representing the basic treatment
has not been registered (see note ^). Variations in treatment that do not
alter the characteristics of the product are considered alternate treatments
for which additional digits are not assigned.

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 ANSI H35.1 / H35.1(M)-2006

APPENDIX
A1 Three-Digit H Tempers
T_510 Applies to extruded rod, bar, profiles (shapes) and tube and
A1.1 The following three-digit H temper designations to drawn tube when stretched the indicated amounts after
have been assigned for wrought products in all alloys: solution heat treatment or after cooling from an elevated tem-
perature shaping process. These products receive no further
H_11 Applies to products that incur sufficient strain hardening after straightening after stretching.
the final anneal that they fail to qualify as annealed but not so Extruded Rod
much or so consistent an amount of strain hardening that they Bar, Profiles (Shapes)
qualify as H_1. and Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1% to 3% permanent set.
H112 Applies to products that may acquire some temper from working Drawn Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ½% to 3% permanent set.
at an elevated temperature and for which there are mechanical
property limits. T_511 Applies to extruded rod, bar, profiles (shapes) and tube and
A1.2 The following three-digit H temper designations to drawn tube when stretched the indicated amounts after
solution heat treatment or after cooling from an elevated tem-
have been assigned for perature shaping process. These products may receive minor
pattern or straightening after stretching to comply with standard toler-
embossed fabricated from ances.
sheet Extruded Rod,
H114 O temper Bar, Profiles (Shapes)
H124, H224, H324 H11, H21, H31 temper, respectively and Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1% to 3% permanent set.
H134, H234, H334 H12, H22, H32 temper, respectively Drawn Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ½% to 3% permanent set.
H144, H244, H344 H13, H23, H33 temper, respectively
H154, H254, H354 H14, H24, H34 temper, respectively Stress relieved by compressing.
H164, H264, H364 H15, H25, H35 temper, respectively
T_52 Applies to products that are stress-relieved by compressing after
H174, H274, H374 H16, H26, H36 temper, respectively
solution heat treatment or cooling from an elevated tempera-
H184, H284, H384 H17, H27, H37 temper, respectively
ture shaping process to produce a permanent set of 1 percent to
H194, H294, H394 H18, H28, H38 temper, respectively
5 percent.
H195, H295, H395 H19, H29, H39 temper, respectively
Stress relieved by combined stretching and compressing.
A1.3 The following three-digit H temper designations T_54 Applies to die forgings that are stress relieved by restriking cold
have been assigned only for wrought products in the 5xxx in the finish die.
series, for which the magnesium content is 3% nominal
or more: NOTE: The same digits (51, 510, 511, 52, 54) may be
added to the designation W to indicate unstable
H116 Applies to products manufactured from alloys in the 5xxx series,
for which the magnesium content is 3% nominal or more. Prod- solution heat-treated and stress-relieved tem-
ucts are strain hardened at the last operation to specified stable pers.
tensile property limits and meet specified levels of corrosion resis-
tance in accelerated type corrosion tests. They are suitable for
continuous service at temperature no greater than 150o F (66oC).
A2.2 Temper Designations for Producer/Sup-
Corrosion tests include inter-granular and exfoliation. plier Laboratory Demonstration of
H321 Applies to products from alloys in the 5xxx series, for which the Response to
magnesium content is 3% nominal or more. Products are ther-
mally stabilized at the last operation to specified stable tensile
Heat-treatment:
property limits and meet specified levels of corrosion resistance in The following temper designations have been assigned
accelerated type corrosion tests. They are suitable for continuous for wrought products test material, furnace heat-treated
service at temperatures no greater than 150o F (66oC). Corrosion from annealed (O, O1, etc.) or F temper, to demonstrate
tests include inter-granular and exfoliation. response to heat-treatment.
T42 Solution heat-treated from annealed or F temper and naturally
A2 Additional Digits for T Tempers aged to a substantially stable condition.
T62 Solution heat-treated from annealed or F temper and artificially
A2.1 The following specific additional digits have been aged.
assigned for stress-relieved tempers of wrought prod- T7_2 Solution heat-treated from annealed or F temper and artificially
ucts: overaged to meet the mechanical properties and corrosion
Stress relieved by stretching. resistance limits of the T7_ temper.

T_51 Applies to plate and rolled or cold-finished rod or bar, die or ring A2.3 Temper Designations for Producer/Supplier
forgings and rolled rings when stretched the indicated amounts
after solution heat treatment or after cooling from an elevated Demonstration of Response to Temper
temperature shaping process. The products receive no further Conversion:
straightening after stretching.
Temper designation T_2 shall be used to indicate
Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1½% to 3% permanent set.
Rolled or wrought product test material, which has undergone
Cold-Finished furnace heat-treatment for capability demonstration of
Rod and Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1% to 3% permanent set. temper conversion. When the purchaser requires capa-
Die or Ring bility demonstrations from T-temper, the seller shall note
Forgings and
Rolled Rings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1% to 5% permanent set.
“Capabilitiy Demonstration” adjacent to the specified
and ending tempers. Some examples are:

--`,`,`,,,``,`,`,`,`,`,,`,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

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 ANSI H35.1 / H35.1(M)-2006

• “-T3 to -T82 Capability Demonstration for response to

aging”;
• “-T4 to -T62 Capability Demonstration for response to
aging”;
• “-T4 to -T762 Capability Demonstration for response
to overaging”;
• “-T6 to -T732 Capability Demonstration for response
to overaging”;
--`,`,`,,,``,`,`,`,`,`,,`,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

• “-T351 to -T42 Capability Demonstration for response

to re-solution heat-treatment”.

A2.4 Temper Designation for Purchaser/User

Heat-treatment
Temper designation T_2 should also be applied to
wrought products heat-treated by the purchaser/user,
in accordance with the applicable heat treatment speci-
fication, to achieve the properties applicable to the final
temper.
A3 Assigned O Temper Variations
A3.1 The following temper designation has been as-
signed for wrought products high temperature annealed
to accentuate ultrasonic response and provide dimen-
sional stability.
O1 Thermally treated at approximately same time and temperature
required for solution heat treatment and slow cooled to room
temperature. Applicable to products that are to be machined prior
to solution heat treatment by the user. Mechanical property limits
are not applicable.

A4 Designation of Unregistered Tempers

A4.1 The letter P has been assigned to denote H, T and O
temper variations that are negotiated between manufac-
turer and purchaser. The letter P immediately follows the
temper designation that most nearly pertains. Specific
examples where such designation may be applied in-
clude the following:
A4.1.1 The use of the temper is sufficiently limited so as
to preclude its registration. (Negotiated H temper varia-
tions were formerly indicated by the third digit zero.)
A4.1.2 The test conditions (sampling location, number
of samples, test specimen configuration, etc.) are differ-
ent from those required for registration with The Alumi-
num Association.
A4.1.3 The mechanical property limits are not established
on the same basis as required for registration with The Alu-
minum Association.
A4.1.4 For products such as Aluminum Metal Matrix
Composites which are not included in any registration
records.

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