UNIT TEST 5 ● ANSWER KEY ● GROUP A

Dictation, Vocabulary, Grammar and Use of English

Dictation Grammar

Exercise 1 Exercise 5
Can write from dictation using correct spelling. 1 Working: The gerund form is used as the subject of
Victorian Bakers is a TV show / in which professional the sentence.
bakers strive to bake bread / under the gruelling 2 being asked: The verb detest requires the use of
conditions of the nineteenth century. / Slaving away in an a gerund.
unwelcoming environment, / the curious volunteers soon 3 noticing: The expression can’t help, meaning not
acknowledge / that working for a pittance / under such being able to stop something, needs to be used with
unfavourable terms / is a far cry / from bakers’ lives of
a gerund.
today.
4 being told: On + being told means as soon as she
Vocabulary was told; a gerund is used after the preposition on;
additionally the passive is used as the subject of this
Exercise 2 part of the sentence is not active.
1 into: Break into a job market means to be successful 5 using: The gerund form is used as the subject of the
at getting into it. sentence.
2 for: If you stand up for yourself, you defend yourself Exercise 6
against criticism, attacks, etc.
3 on: If someone presses on, they continue doing 1 him / his working: After prepositions a gerund is used,
something. in this case with a possessive adjective or an object
4 on: If a company is taking on new people, it’s giving pronoun. To be concerned about something means to
employment to them. be worried about this thing.
5 under: If someone is snowed under, they have too 2 succeeded in being promoted: The verb succeed is
much work to do. followed by the preposition in, after which there is
always a gerund; additionally the passive is used as
Exercise 3 the subject of this part of the sentence is not active.
1 menial: If someone does menial tasks, they do work 3 her choosing: The verb approve is followed by the
that is boring, dirty and usually of low social status. preposition of, after which a gerund is always used;
2 minimum: The minimum wage is the smallest amount approve of something means to accept it.
of money that the employer is legally allowed to pay 4 your / you using: The verb appreciate must be
their worker. followed by a noun or a gerund.
3 rapport: It’s a relationship in which people like, 5 Not having: Not having any work experience –
understand, and respect each other. A gerund is used as the subject of the sentence.
4 guts: If you have the guts to do something, you are
brave and determined enough to do it.
5 entry-level: An entry-level job is the lowest level of
a particular job.

Exercise 4
1 A: cover your expenses – If a company covers, for
instance, your travel expenses, it pays for the time
that you are travelling, accommodation, meals, etc.
because of your work.
2 B: recruit new managers – To recruit someone means
to persuade them to work for a given company.
3 C: scupper your chances – If something scuppers
your chances, plans, hopes, etc., it spoils them.
4 B: customer base – A customer base denotes the
people who buy or use a particular product or service.
5 B: found a charity – To found a charity means to start
a non-profit organisation helping people in need.

© Pearson 2020 PHOTOCOPIABLE Focus 5 SECOND EDITION (B2+/C1)

Use of English

Exercise 7
1 in: In the long run means in the more distant future.
2 to: To no avail means unsuccessfully.
3 by: By means of something means using a given
method.
4 at: At sea means being confused.
5 in: In vain means unsuccessful.

Exercise 8
1 by all means: Used when giving permission to
someone.
2 in any case: Whatever the situation is or will be.
3 making money is a necessity: A gerund is used as the
subject of the sentence.
4 are being offered more and: The Present Continuous
is used to describe a trend; additionally the passive is
used since permanent contracts are not an active
agent.

Exercise 9
1 self-assurance: NOUN – Self-assurance is self-
confidence.
2 musical: ADJECTIVE – If someone is musical, they
have a skill in or a great liking for music.
3 tenacity: NOUN – It’s the determination to continue
what you are doing.
4 resourcefulness: NOUN – It’s the ability to deal well
with new or difficult situations and to find solutions to
problems.
5 creative – ADJECTIVE – Creative means original and
innovative.
6 adaptability: NOUN – Adaptability is the ability to
adjust to a new environment.
7 competence: NOUN – It’s the ability to do something
well and efficiently.

Exercise 10
1 peanuts / nothing: To work for peanuts / nothing
means to receive very little money for one’s work.
2 not: A gerund, Not guaranteeing, is used after while
and means it doesn't guarantee when the subject of
the two clauses is the same (it / vocational course of
study).
3 ladder: The first rung on the ladder means the
beginning of one’s career.
4 into: To gain insight into something means to get a
clear, deep, and sometimes sudden understanding of
a complicated problem or situation.
5 virtue: By virtue of something means as a result of
this thing.

© Pearson 2020 PHOTOCOPIABLE Focus 5 SECOND EDITION (B2+/C1)