WIND LOAD CALCULATION FOR SHELTER STRUCTURE AS PER ASCE7
PRESENTING M.Azeem Suddal
WHAT IS SHELTER STRUCTURE ?
Shelter is a structure having a pair of end frames, and a canopy frame interconnecting the end frames.
Main Parts of a Shelter Structure
Main Wind Force Resisting System (MWFRS)
Components and Cladding (C & C)
WHAT IS MWFRS?
An assemblage of structural elements assigned to provide support and stability for the overall structure. The system generally receives wind load from more than one surface.
WHAT IS C & C?
Elements of the building envelope that do not qualify as part of the main wind force -resisting system.
LOAD CALCULATION FOR MWFRS & COMPONENTS AND CLADDING
Factors Affecting the Wind Load Calculation
Building Characteristics a ) Roof Geometry b ) Building Geometry c ) Height above Grade
METHODS OF CALCULATION
There are three methods for calculation the wind load on a structure.
a ) :Simplified Procedure b ) : Analytical Procedure c ) : Wind Tunnel Procedure
Wind Load
Method Presented
ASCE 7 02
Method 2 Analytical Procedure
Wind Load Procedure
Determine
Basic wind speed, V (6.5.4) Importance factor, I (6.5.5) Exposure category (6.5.6) Topographic factor, Kzt (6.5.7) Gust factor,G (6.5.8) Enclosure classification (6.5.9) Internal pressure coefficient GCpi (6.5.11.1)
Wind Load Procedure (Cont)
External pressure coefficients Cp or GCpi,or force coefficient Cf (6.5.11.2 or 6.5.11.3) Velocity pressure qz or qh (6.5.10) Design wind load P or F ( 6.5.12 and 6.5.13)
WIND LOAD CALCULATION AS PER ASCE
Definitions
Building Envelop
Cladding,roofing,exterior walls,glazing,door ,window, skylight assemblies and other components enclosing the building.
WIND LOAD CALCULATION AS PER ASCE
Open Building
A building having each wall at least 80% open i-e Ao 0.8Ag Ao = Total area of openings in wall that receives positive external pressure (m) Ag = The gross area of that wall in which Ao is idendified (m)
WIND LOAD CALCULATION AS PER ASCE
Partially Enclosed Building
A building that complies with both of the following conditions 1- The total area of openings in a wall that receives positive external pressure exceed the sum of areas of openings in the balance of the building envelop ( walls & roof) by more than 10%. i-e Ao > 1.10 Aoi
WIND LOAD CALCULATION AS PER ASCE
2- The total area of openings in a wall that receives positive external pressure exceeds 4ft or 1% of the area of that wall,whichever is smaller. i-e Ao > 4ft or >0.01Ag Where Ao,Ag are as defined for open building Aoi = The sum of areas of openings in building envelop (walls & roof) not including Ao (m)
1-
Design Wind Load on Open Building and Other Structures
The design wind force for open building and other structures shall be determined by the following formula. F = qzGCfAf (N) Where qz = Velocity pressure evaluated at height z
Design Wind Load on Open Building and Other Structures (Cont)
G = Gust effect factor Cf = Net force coefficient from figure 6-18 through 6-22 Af = projected area normal to the wind except where Cf is specified for the actual surface area (m)
2- Design Wind Load on Enclosed and Partially Enclosed Buildings
Design wind pressures for the main wind force-resisting system of enclosed and partially enclosed buildings of all heights shall be determined by the following equation: p = qGCp-qi(GCpi) (N/m)
Where
q =qz for windward walls evaluated at height z above the ground;
Design Wind Load on Enclosed and Partially Enclosed Buildings (Cont)
q=
qi =
qi =
qh for leeward ,side walls and roofs,evaluated at height h; qh for windward,leeward ,side walls and roofs of enclosed buildings and for negative internal pressure evaluation in partially enclosed building qz for positive internal pressure evaluation in partially enclosed buildings where height z is the highest opening in the building.
Design Wind Load on Enclosed and Partially Enclosed Buildings (Cont)
G = Gust effect factor Cp = External pressure coefficient from Fig 6-6 or 6-8; (GCpi) = Internal pressure Coefficient from Fig 6-5
ASCE 7 Method 2
EXAMPLE
Example wind load analysis of a low rise structure:-
30'
h = 15'
40'
ASCE 7 Method 2
Example of ASCE Method 2
Basic wind speed: V 125 mph Exposure Category: C Building classification I: 1.15 (Importance Factor) Enclosure classification: Enclosed
ASCE 7 Method 2
Velocity Pressure
q = 0.00256Kz Kzt KdV I
ASCE 7 Method 2
Velocity Pressure
q = 33.1 psf qz, qh, and qi = q, for h = 15 feet
ASCE 7 Method 2
Wind pressures MWFRS
Buildings of all heights p = qGCp qi(GCpi)
ASCE 7 Method 2
External pressure coefficients MWFRS
Windward Wall Cp = Side Wall Cp 0.8
= 0.7
ASCE 7 Method 2
External pressure coefficients MWFRS
Leeward wall L/B = 0.75 Wind parallel to 30' Cp = 0.5 L/B = 1.33 Wind parallel to 40' Cp = 0.43 (interpolated)
ASCE 7 Method 2
Vertical pressure coefficients MWFRS
h/L = 0.5 h/L = 0.38 Cp 0 to h : 0.9h to 2h : 0.5 >2h : 0.3
ASCE 7 Method 2
Windward wall Side wall Leeward wall p = 22.5 5.06 psf p = 19.7 5.06 psf p = 14.1 5.06 psf
wind normal to 40 ft wind normal to 30 ft
Leeward wall
p = 12.2 5.06 psf
ASCE 7 Method 2
Roof p = 25.4 5.06 psf ft Roof p = 25.4 5.06 psf ft 0 to h/2
h/2 to h
Roof p = 14.1 5.06 psf
Roof p = 8.5 5.06 psf
h to 2h ft
> 2h ft
ASCE 7 Method 2
p = 25.4 p = 14.1
p = 8.5
p = 22.5
internal p = 5.06
p = 12.2
MWFRS
ASCE 7 Method 2
p = 25.4 p = 14.1
p = 22.5
internal p = 5.06
p = 14.1
MWFRS
