Security Level:
WCDMA RAN10.0 Overview
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Huawei Confidential
Contents
RAN10 Highlights & Operator Values
RAN10 Executive Summary RAN10 New Features RAN10 New Hardware
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Highlights of RAN10
New Generation Node B HSDPA Phase 4
- F-DPCH - HS-DPCCH preamble mode - Peak rate: 14.4Mbps/user
HSUPA Phase 2
- 2ms TTI - Peak Rate: 5.76 Mbps/user
MBMS Enhanced Broadcast Network Optimization, e.g.
- CCPIC - RoHC - One Tunnel
Transmission Efficiency Improving , e.g.
- FP MUX - Traffic Priority Mapping - Dynamic Bandwidth Control of Iub IP
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Operator Values of RAN10
More Broadband applications
- Downlink peak rate up to 14.4Mbps/user - Uplink peak rate up to 5.76 Mbps/user More choices for operators to deploy higher speed data services.
Multimedia broadcast services become feasible
- More efficient, Enhancement Broadcast - More capacity, up to 16 channels per cell Commercial application of MBMS becomes feasible and more flexible, more revenue can be got from multimedia broadcast services.
Network capability Improving for TCO saving
- CCPIC brings 11%~18% uplink capacity improvement - One Tunnel improves PS traffic efficiency - Traffic Priority Mapping enables differentiated services - IP transmission efficiency improvement (RoHC, FP MUX) More capacity and efficiency improvement bring more services and TCO saving for operators.
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Contents
RAN10 Highlights & Operator Values RAN10 Executive Summary RAN10 New Features RAN10 New Hardware
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UMTS RAN10 Roadmap & Features
GA: 2008Q2
Based on 3GPP R6 Total 57 new and enhanced features 13 basic and 44 optional features 30 new and 27 enhanced features
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Basic Features in RAN10.0
Basic Features(77,N2,E11) System Improvement(4,N1)
Standards Compliance(3,E2)
RABs and Services(7)
RAN Architecture & Functions(34,N1,E4)
Transmission(8,E1) System Reliability(2) RAN Operation & Maintenance(16,E4) Node B Antenna System Solution(3)
Total 77 basic features, 2 new and 11 enhanced in RAN10.0
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Optional Features in RAN10.0
Optional Features(96,N28,E16) RABs and Services(10,N2)
HSDPA(12,N3,E2)
HSUPA(8,N6,E1) MBMS(9,N4,E3)
RAN Architecture & Functions(38,N8,E6)
Transmission(19,N5,E6)
Total 96 optional features, 28 new and 16 enhanced in RAN10.0
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Basic Features new or enhanced in RAN10.0
System improvement and standards compliance
System Improvement for RAN10.0 (New) 3GPP R6 Specifications Operating Multi-band
Transmission
ATM Transmission Introduction Package
System Reliability
no basic features
RABs and Services
no basic features
RAN Operation & Maintenance
Performance Management Configuration Management Security Management RNC Software Management
RAN Architecture & Functions
System Information Broadcasting Physical Channel Management Load Reshuffling Dynamic Channel Configuration Control (DCCC) RNC Resource Sharing (New)
Node B Antenna System Solution
no basic features
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Optional Features new or enhanced in RAN10.0
RABs and Services
VoIP over HSPA (trial) (new) IMS Signaling over HSPA (new)
HSDPA
HSDPA Introduction Package HSDPA Enhanced Package
HSDPA 13.976Mbps per User (new)
HSUPA
HSUPA Introduction Package HSUPA Phase 2 (new) 60 HSUPA Users per Cell (new) HSUPA over Iur (new) SRB over HSUPA (new) HSUPA Iub Flow Control (new) Dynamic CE Resource Management (new)
HSDPA over Iur (new) SRB over HSDPA (new)
MBMS
MBMS Introduction Package MBMS Phase 2 (new) MBMS 8 Channels per Cell 256Kbps Channel Rate on MBMS MBMS 16 Channels per Cell (new) MBMS over Iur (new) Dynamic Power Estimation for MTCH (new)
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Optional Features new or enhanced in RAN10.0 (Cont.)
RAN Architecture & Functions
CCPIC (new) Cell Barring Iu Flex Load Distribution Management PDCP Header Compression (RoHC) (new) Active Queue Management (new)
Transmission
IP routing Based Hub Node B (new) Overbooking on ATM Transmission
IP Transmission Introduction on Iub Interface
Overbooking on IP Transmission ATM/IP Dual Stack Node B
Inter Freq. Handover Based on Coverage IP Transmission Introduction on Iu Interface Inter Freq. Handover Based on DL QoS IP Transmission Introduction on Iur (new) Interface Inter-RAT Handover Based on Coverage FP MUX for IP Transmission (new) 3G/2G Common Load Management IP Re-route Based on BFD/ARP (new) (new) Queuing and Pre-Emption Rate Negotiation at Admission Control Inter-RAT Handover Based on DL QoS (new)
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Dynamic Bandwidth Control of Iub IP (new)
Traffic Priority Mapping on Transport (new)
Multi Freq. Band Networking Manage Huawei Confidential (new)
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Contents
RAN10 Highlights & Operator Values RAN10 Executive Summary
RAN10 New Features
RAN10 New Hardware
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RAN 10.0 New Features
HSDPA
HSUPA MBMS
RAN Architecture & Functions
Transmission
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HSDPA Phase 4
New features
HSDPA 13.976Mbps per User HSDPA over Iur SRB over HSDPA IMS Signaling over HSPA F-DPCH (Basic)
Benefits
Better service perception SRB over HSDPA saves code and transmission resources
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HSDPA 13.976Mbps per User
HS-DSCH Category Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 Category 6 Category 7 Maximum Number of HS-DSCH Codes Received 5 5 5 5 5 5 10 Minimum InterTTI Interval 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 Maximum Number of Bits 7298 7298 7298 7298 7298 7298 14411 Maximum Bit Rate
3.649
3.649 3.649
3.649
3.649 3.649 7.2055
Category 8
Category 9 Category 10 Category 11 Category 12
10
15 15 5 5
1
1 1 2 1
14411
20251 27952 3630 3630
7.2055
10.1255 13.976
1.815
1.815
User experience is greatly enhanced with 13.976Mbps per user!
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HSDPA over Iur
RNC1 RNC2
RAN6.1
RNC1
RNC2
Cell1(f1,HSDPA)
Best cell (HSDPA serving cell)
Cell2(f1,HSDPA)
RAN10.0
Cell1(f1,HSDPA)
Cell2(f1,HSDPA)
R99 Service HSDPA Service
RNC1
RNC2
HSDPA over Iur enables HSDPA service not to be downgraded to R99 in the soft/hard handover between RNC scenario.
Cell1(f1,HSDPA)
Cell2(f1,HSDPA)
Best cell (HSDPA serving cell)
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Introduction of F-DPCH
The F-DPCH carries control information generated at layer 1 (TPC commands). It is a special case of downlink DPCCH Each user occupy one Symbol in one slot to bear TPC command, Pilot and TFCI is not needed Up to 10 users can be multiplexed on one F-DPCH
512 chips
(Tx OFF) TPC NTPC bits
TPC
P-CCPCH frame TPC TPC TPC TPC TPC TPC TPC offset256chip UE1 0 UE2 UE3 UE4 UE5 UE6 TPC TPC UE7 UE8 TPC TPC TPC UE9 UE10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(Tx OFF)
Tslot = 2560 chips
Slot #0 Slot #1
Slot #i 1 radio frame: Tf = 10 ms
Slot #14
Frame structure for F-DPCH
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SRB over HSPA
RNC1 RAN10.0
RNC1
Cell1(f1,HSDPA)
Cell1(f1,HSDPA)
F-DPCH
SRB 3.4Kbps: SRB 3.4Kbps: SRB 3.4Kbps: SF=256 SF=256 SF=256
FDPCH: SF=256 for 10 HSDPA users
SRB over HSPA provides a higher signaling rate and reduces the call process delay. Moreover, compared with the scenario where the SRB is carried on the DCH, code resources and transmission resources are saved and cell load is reduced when the SRB is carried on HSDPA
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IMS Signaling over HSPA
IMS signaling (SIP SDP) is an PS RAB to UTRAN, and only setup on DCH and use the fixed configuration before RAN10.0 SIP / SDP characteristics based on Huawei research - The traffic in the SIP/SDP setup phase is about 70Kbits and the setup time is generally less than 3s, therefore, mean bit rate is 23.3Kbps - Very low traffic exists on SIP / SDP after connection establishment
UTRAN UTRAN PS Domain IMS IMS PS Domain Domain UTRAN UTRAN UE
UE
UE
Session control Signaling (SIP / SDP) Media ( RTP) Real Time Media Control (RTCP)
It is more suitable for HSPA to bear IMS Signaling
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RAN 10.0 New Features
HSDPA HSUPA MBMS RAN Architecture & Functions Transmission
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HSUPA Phase 2
New features
HSUPA Phase 2 HSUPA E-AGCH Power Control
Benefits
HSUPA full performance makes it possible to introduce new services in future and enhances competitive edge for operators in Enhanced Fast UL Scheduling in Node-B market HSUPA 2ms TTI HSUPA 2ms/10ms TTI Handover
HSUPA 5.74Mbps per User SRB over HSUPA 60 HSUPA Users per Cell HSUPA Iub Flow Control HSUPA over Iur Dynamic CE Resource Management
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HSUPA 2ms TTI
With 2ms TTI on the Uu interface, HSUPA can implement faster data scheduling, faster data transmission, and lower delay. Two Transmission Time Intervals (TTIs) defined in the 3GPP protocol for HSUPA.
10 ms TTI is mandatory for all HSUPA capable UEs 2 ms TTI is optional
In RAN10.0, 2 ms TTI is supported. All UEs of the six categories can be supported.
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HSUPA 5.74Mbps per User
2 ms TTI and enhanced fast UL schedule, 2 SF4 + 2 SF2 codes combination, Reach the peak rate of 5.74 Mbit/s (MAC layer)/5.76 Mbit/s (physical layer).
Max. Data Rate (Mbit/s) E-DCH TTI 10 ms only 10 ms and 2 ms 10 ms only MAC Layer 10 ms TTI 0.71 1.44 1.44 2.0 2.0 2.0 MAC Layer 2 ms TTI 1.40 2.89 5.74 Air Interface 0.96 1.92 1.92 3.84 3.84 5.76
E-DCH Category
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 Category 6
Max. Capability Combination
1 x SF4 2 x SF4 2 x SF4 2 x SF2 2 x SF2 2 x SF4 + 2 xS F2
10 ms and 2 ms
10 ms only 10 ms and 2 ms
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HSUPA E-AGCH Power Control
Downlink power distribution (20 HSUPA users):
Power Control Algorithm:
R99+HSDPA +Common:82%
AGCH:1%
Up to 8% DL power
R99+HSDPA +Common:88%
AGCH:0.5% HICH:1.15% RGCH:0.4%
Less than 2% DL power
HICH:4.6% RGCH:3.1%
AG AGCH Power consumption
Non-Power control
1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 Fixed 1.00
With Power control
RGCH (dedicated channel) Based on DPCH HICH (dedicated channel) : Based on DPCH AGCH (common channel): Based on DPCH Based on CQI Based on HS-SCCH
0.82 0.51
Based DCH
Based CQI
Saving DL 6% of total power resource Improving R99 and HSDPA capacity
PowOffset for AGCH will be Updated according to CQI or Power of HS-SCCH
RAN10 DPCH Based Dynamic Power Control
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HSUPA Iub Flow Control
Benefits
Improve the transport resource utilization greatly
Reduce the throughput fluctuation in the case of the Iub congestion.
The HSUPA flow control algorithm detects the status of the Iub buffer periodically and handles Iub buffer congestion to minimize Iub packet loss rate and delay in the Iub buffer.
The Iub flow control module measures and stores the value of the Iub buffer occupancy rate periodically and compares it with the previous one
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In normal algorithm, CEs are allocated and unchanged during service running in dedicated mode But the CE resource was wasted when throughput decreasing because it is always changing Huawei algorithm reclaim and adjust CE resource according to user bitrates per 2ms TTI
Dynamic CE Resource Management
e.g. All user sharing maximum peak rate 1.45Mpbs:
#HSUPA users Start 1 user 24 user Vendor A 0 32 CE Vendor B 8 (fixed) 32 CE 80 CE
Huawei 0 20 CE 43 CE
24 Users active, one user at 1.45 Mbps, Huawei 43 CEs compared other vendor 80 CEs
43CEs
80CEs
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Performance of CE efficiency improvement
The CE occupancy period when sending a packet of 1MBytes
HSUPA DCCC (RAN6.0): 16.92s NodeB Dynamic CE management (RAN10.0): 9.68s
Data Rate
HSUPA DCCC
16.92s
NodeB Dynamic CE
9.68s
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Time
Page 27
E-DCH 2ms/10ms TTI Handover
Assigned Max. Bit Rate
Related Factors Traffic Class Assigned MBR
RNC
Cell1(2ms)
2ms 2ms reconf. to 10ms
Cell2(10ms)
Configurable 10ms/2ms Bit rat threshold
Cell Capability UE Capability
Configurable DCH/E-DCH Bit rate threshold
RNC
Cell1(2ms)
1. Configurable 10ms/2ms bit rate threshold to decide whether use 2ms on E-DCH 2. 2ms/10ms reconfiguration applied in the soft or hard handover scenarios 3. Periodically retry to 2ms mechanism is provided to make UE get benefits of 2ms on E-DCH as much as possible
10ms
Cell2(10ms)
Periodically retry to go back to 2ms
RNC
Cell1(2ms)
2ms
Cell3(2ms)
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HSUPA over Iur
RNC1 RNC2
RAN6.1
RNC1
RNC2
Cell1(f1,HSUPA)
Cell2(f1,HSUPA)
RAN10.0
Cell1(f1,HSUPA)
Cell2(f1,HSUPA)
R99 Service HSDPA Service
RNC1
RNC2
HSUPA over Iur enables HSUPA service not need to be switched to R99 in the soft/hard handover between RNC scenario.
Cell1(f1,HSUPA)
Cell2(f1,HSUPA)
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RAN 10.0 New Features
HSDPA HSUPA MBMS RAN Architecture & Functions Transmission
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MBMS Phase 2
New features
MBMS Phase 2 MBMS Enhanced Broadcast Mode MBMS PTP over HSDPA MBMS Admission Enhancement MBMS 16 Channels per Cell MBMS over Iur Dynamic Power Estimation for MTCH
Benefits
MBMS Enhanced Broadcast Mode improves service efficiency and decreases the accessing and switching time MBMS capacity improves
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Introduction of Enhanced Broadcast Mode
Standardization in 3GPP R6/7 in RAN33 meeting in Sept. 2006
Compared to broadcast mode, enhanced broadcast can realize the functions of
counting and switch between PTP and PTM, more efficient
Broadcast (PTM)
RNC
Multicast (PTM) Multicast (PTP)
RNC
BM-SC SGSN CP
Enhanced broadcast (PTM) Enhanced broadcast (PTP)
RNC
Deployed preferably by operator, supported in RAN10.0
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MBMS Capacity Improvement
MBMS (RAN10.0) Capacity:
Up to 16 channels per cell 16/32kbps MBMS services are supported 7 x256kbps/ 8x128 kbps/ 16 x 64kbps channels per cell (total bandwidth less than 1792Kbps) up to [BSC6800: 64][BSC6810: 256] sessions on an Iu interface, with total traffic volume not exceeding [BSC6800: 4096][BSC6810: 8192] Kbps
MBMS (RAN6.0) Capacity: Up to 64 session per RNC
Up to 8 channels per cell 2 x 256kbps/ 4x128 kbps/ 8x 64kbps channels per cell (total bandwidth less than 512Kbps) Up to 64 sessions on Iu interface, with total traffic volume not exceeding 4096Kbps
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MBMS PTP over HSDPA
If PTP mode is adopted, RNC will establish the separate PTP RB for every UE on R99 DCH or HSDPA . The RAB combination is not affected with MBMS PTP service
MBMS over DCH (PtP) (<=n )
MBMS over HSDPA (PtP) (<=n)
channel x@DCH
<label>
channel x@DCH channel x@HSDPA channel x@DCH
MBMS over HSDPA is more efficient in PTP mode
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Dynamic Power Estimation for MTCH
MTCH power adjusted by the number of neighboring cells in PTM mode
PTM PTM PTM PTM PTM PTP PTM
More neighboring cells in PTM modes
Larger combining gains MTCH transmission power decreasing
Fewer neighboring cells in PTM modes
Smaller combining gains MTCH transmission power increasing
PTP PTM PTM PTP PTP PTP PTP
Achieving combining Gains, Saving Transmitting Power
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RAN 10.0 New Features
HSDPA HSUPA MBMS RAN Architecture & Functions Transmission
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RAN architecture & functions
New features
Common Channel Parallel Interference Cancellation (CCPIC) PDCP Header Compression (RoHC) Active Queue Management (AQM) Inter Frequency Hard Handover Based on DL QoS 3G/2G Common Load Management Inter-RAT Handover Based on DL QoS One Tunnel
Benefits
Improve system uplink capacity and coverage Improve VoIP service transmission efficiency Reduce the PS service delay significantly Enhance mobility management Improve efficiency for PS traffic
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Coverage Improvement- CCPIC
Cell Coverage and Capacity Comparison 10 9 8
18% Capacity Gain
Uplink Load (dB)
Cell Coverage and Capacity Comparison 10 9 8
Uplink Load (dB)
8% Capacity Gain 0.8dB Coverage Gain
7 6 5
11% Capacity Gain 1.5dB Cov erage Gain
7 6 5 4
0.2dB Coverage Gain 5% Capacity Gain
4 3 2 1 0 0
0.4dB Cov erage Gain
CCPIC Load Curve
3 2 1 0
CCPIC Load Curve
10
20
30 40 50 AMR 12.2K User Number
60
70
80
5 10 15 20 CS64kbps User Number with activity factor=1 in TU3
25
In the presence of urban macro cell, TU3 channel, AMR12.2k user with a 50% load, the CCPIC will bring 11% capacity improvementwith a 75% load, the capacity improvement is 18%. More gain with load increasing, 1.5dB coverage gain can be improved for heavy load.
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RObust Header Compression (ROHC)
All the following Profiles are supported in RAN10.0 I. ROHC Uncompressed II. ROHC RTP: RTP/UDP/IP header
Compression protocols defined in IETF - RFC 1144 CTCP - RFC 2507 IPHC - RFC 2508 CRTP - RFC 3095 ROHC
SGSN
1 2 3
III. ROHC UDP: UDP/IP header IV. ROHC ESP: ESP/IP header (Generally, I and II are used for VoIP)
The IPV4 and IPV6 header compression are all supported.
RN C
1 2 3
Adopted by 3GPP
Data after Compression
Data before Compression
RTP Profile compressed rate can be more than 90% (92.5% in theory) UDP Profile compression rate can be more than 85% (89.3% in theory)
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One Tunnel
PS Domain (Before R7)
RN C
SGSN
GGSN
One-Tunnel (direct connection between RNC and GGSN) is introduced in Release 7.
PS Domain (R7)
RN C
SGSN
GGSN
With one tunnel approach the SGSN can create a direct tunnel between the RNC and the GGSN and thus remove itself from the chain.
Improves efficiency for PS traffic by simplifying SGSN process
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RAN 10.0 New Features
HSDPA HSUPA MBMS & Functions RAN Architecture Transmission
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Transmission
New features
IP routing Based Hub Node B FP MUX for IP Transmission IP Re-route Based on BFD/ARP Dynamic Bandwidth Control of Iub IP Traffic Priority Mapping on Transport
Benefits
Reducing transmission cost by IP routing Based Hub Node B
Increasing IP transmission efficiency about 50% with FP MUX
Providing differentiated service by Traffic Priority Mapping on Transport
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IP routing Based Hub Node B
The IP routing Based Hub Node B is a feature in IP transport mode. It is the extension of the tree topology, as shown in the following figure. The downstream NodeBs connect to the RNC after the convergence at the hub Node B.
NodeB
NodeB
NodeB NodeB
Hub NodeB
NodeB NodeB
RNC
Reduce costs in transmission lines with the obtained convergence gain
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FP MUX for IP Transmission
Mux Payload Packet header
MAC
14 bytes
IP
20 bytes
UDP
8 bytes
FP MUX
Payload1 Payload2 Payload3 Payload4
Based on Huawei PRIVATE protocol
Packet multiplexing is adopted to enhance the transport efficiency. Using FP MUX feature, multiple FP packets with same source IP, destination IP and DSCP (DiffServ Code Point) are packed into one UDP/IP packet, with compressed UDP information. Since less packet head, higher transport efficiency is achieved.
Save IUB IP transport resource to provide higher transport efficiency for IUB IP transport, The efficiency for voice packet can be improved from 50% to 80%!
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IP Re-route Based on BFD/ARP
BFD (Bidirectional Failure Detection) and ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) are 2 methods used for failure detection, IP re-route can be triggered in case of failure detection.
RNC p1 R1 R3 NodeB/CN/RNC
p1 NodeB/CN/RNC
p2
R2
R4
p2
Networking with gateway
Networking directly (Only Iu BFD supported in RAN10.0)
The interval of BFD detection is short (about 100ms), better than ARP (second level), therefore, BFD is preferred if both support BFD, ARP is alternative method when no BFD
Improve the transport system reliability through failure detection and re-route.
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Dynamic Bandwidth Control of Iub IP
Applied to the following networking scenarios 1. ADSL and ADSL 2+ 2. IP traffic convergence Based on Huawei PRIVATE protocol
The principle of IP PM is similar to that of ATM OAM PM. One end send FM (Forward Monitoring) message periodically, the other end echo PM with BR (Backward Reporting) message as soon as it receives FM message.
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Traffic Priority Mapping on Transport
TC
R99 Conversational R99 Streaming
TC+ARP
R99 C R99 S 1 R99 S 2 R99 S 3 R99 I 1 R99 I 2 R99 I 3 R99 B 1 R99 B 2 R99 B 3 HS C HS S 1 HS S 2 HS S 3 HS I 1 HS I 2 HS I 3 HS B 1 HS B 2 HS B 3
AAL2 path
THP is considered in RAN10.0
R99_RT R99_NRT
TC
R99 Interactive
TC+ARP+THP
R99 I1H R99 I1 R99 I1M R99 I1L R99 I2H R99 I2M R99 I2L R99 I 3H R99 I 3M R99 I 3L HS I1 H HS I1 M HS I1 L HS I2 H HS I2M HS I2 L HS I3 H HS I3 M HS I3 L
AAL2 path
R99 Interactive
R99 I2
R99_RT
R99 Background
R99 I3
HSPA Conversational HSPA Streaming HSPA Interactive
R99_NRT
HSPA_RT HSPA_NRT
HSPA Interactive
HS I1
HSPA_RT
HS I2
HSPA Background
HS I3
HSPA_NRT
Provides a solution of QoS differentiation on transport according the traffic class and user priority (ARP/THP).
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Contents
RAN10 Highlights & Operator Values
RAN10 Executive Summary RAN10 New Features RAN10 New Hardware
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RNC Hardware Change BSC6810
CSUa
Feature Performing centralized processing on MBMS user plane(PDCP/RLC) data Configured on slot 0&1
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
TRM C S U a 0 C S U a 1 S P U a 2 S P U a 3 S P U a 4 S P U a 5 S C U a 6 S C U a 7 D P U b 8 D P U b 9 D P U b 10 O M U a D P U b 11 G C U a 12 O M U a G C U a 13
With software optimization, CSUa board is removed in RAN10.0.
UOIa
Feature Providing 4 STM-1/OC-3c optical ports Providing ATM over SDH or IP over SDH
POUa
Feature Providing 2 STM-1/OC-3 optical ports Providing 126 E1s or 168 T1s Providing IP over E1/T1 over SDH
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POS/C-POS port are supported in RAN10.0 with existing UOIa board and new POUa board introduced
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Thank you
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