Chapter 1 Concept of Project Management
Presented by:Lisanne Noronha Ulorica Reveredo Renita Serrao Tejas Kadam Parison Nunnes Toji Thomas Nitin Patil
Concept of a Project
A project: not a physical objective nor is it an end result The goings-on in between A project is initiated to achieve a mission It is completed as soon as the mission is fulfilled Project life span: time span between the two cut off points
Characteristics of a Project
Objective: fixed set of objectives Life span: cannot continue endlessly Single entity: one entity Team work: a project calls for team work Life cycle: growth, maturity and decay Uniqueness: no two projects are exactly similar Change: many changes throughout a projects life Successive principle: what is going to happen cannot be predicted
Characteristics of a Project
Made to order: as per customers order Unity in diversity: variety in technology, equipment and materials, machinery and people, work culture and ethics, which remain inter-related High level of sub-contracting: more the complexity, more is the extent of contracting Risk and uncertainty: there cannot be a project without risk and uncertainty
Project Family Tree
Plan Programme Project Work package Task Activity
Categories of Project
Project life cycle phases
Conception phase Definition phase Planning and organizing phase Implementation stages Project clean up phase
Project life cycle phases
Conception phase Idea generation Overcoming problems Definition phase Development of idea Document generation Presenting it to investors & customers Raw material procurement, technology selection project layout
Giving proper shape to idea
Assessing objectives & constrain of project
Project life cycle phases
Planning and organizing phase
Implementation stages Project can actually be seen 80-85% of work Most project mgt technique used High level of control & coordination
Dont get formal recognition Overlapping of work
Project life cycle phases
Project clean up phase
Project fully completed & handed over for production Operations Maintenance Staff & worker hiring Required changes
Steps In Project Management
1. Grouping of related tasks 2. Entrusting the project to the Project Manager 3. Supporting and servicing the project. 4. Coordinating 5. Monitoring and control
Steps Taken By A Project Manager
1. Create a number of sub-projects. 2. Set targets. 3. Coordinate with the maintenance department. 4. Line up with vendors and contractors. 5. Coordinate with other departments. 6. Monitor and control
Project Management VS Functional Management
The inter-relation and inter-dependence of work with each other. Being able to be flexible and adapt quickly to changing situations. Work is better when its taken up as a whole and assigned to one responsibility center with a focused objective. The people will be more from the environment. Communication takes place through lateral and diagonal contacts
Tool and Techniques for Project Management
Project management techniques are scientific part of management but need art and politics management. The scientific part of management lack is Human wisdom. Techniques may provide only what to be done but would require how it should be done. It can be learnt only through practical experience.
Factors of Techniques
Time Cost Productivity Performance
Techniques
Project Selection techniques
Cost benefit analysis Risk and sensitivity analysis
Project Execution planning techniques
Work breakdown structure Project execution plan (PEP) Project responsibility matrix Project management manual
Project scheduling and coordinating techniques
Bar Chart Life cycle curves Line of Balance (LOB) and Networking techniques (PERT/CPM)
Techniques
Project monitoring and progressing techniques
Progress measurement Techniques (PROMPT) Performance monitoring techniques (PERMIT) Updating, reviewing and reporting techniques (URT)
Project cost and productivity control techniques
Productivity Budgeting techniques Value Engineering COST/WBS
Project communication and clean-up technique
Control room Computerised information system
Computerised Project Management System
Computerized project management system Improvise
Enhance
Record review and re-estimate information
Computerised Project Management System 1. Action list
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Apec/8000 Arches Capital project financial system CBACS-Pert C-Cost Concept project management CRIT path Diagonal Net analysis Drawing register INTERNET 805 MANPOWER EXPENDITURE RESOURCES PERT 6 Project manager work station Project 2
Features
Progress chasing Material procurement planning What if analysis of effect adding , omitting Record , review & re-estimate status of each task at each stage To produce comprehensive reports as per user criteria To allow interactive modification at each stage Resource managing and budgeting program BEP analysis , cost to date analysis Analysis of critical path Analysis of manpower booked
Modes of input for these systems
Directly from file Keyboard entry
Online project data
Command language Free format input
Modes of output for these systems
Tabular output Bar charts Text Terminal graphic Platter graphics Gnatt , linked gnatt Histograms of plotted network forms
The Project Manager
Need a project manager to make a project success. None of our present generation project manager come from any of our management schools. Very few project manager have succeeded in India
Project managers problem
Client Gives a Vague, Ever-changing Requirements. Client is Slow with Communication. The Project Doesnt Start On Time. Project manager Try to Manage Every Project the Same Way. The Client Doesnt Like What project manager has Created. Point of Contact Doesnt Seem to Care About Your Project.
Basic Education For A Project Manager
Project Manager should possess a basic degree . Real education is supposed to change the mental make-up of a man. Short term training programmes. Some unversities abroad have now started post graduate programmes in project management.
Roles & Responsibilities of Project Manager
WP Contract 1 (PM) WP Contract 2 (PM)
Contractor 1 (PM) Owner (PM) Contractor 2 (PM)
Basic roles and responsibilities
Defining & maintaining integrity of a project Development & organisation of project execution plan Setting of targets and development of systems and procedures for accomplishment of project objectives and targets Negotiation for commitments Direction, coordination and control of project activities
Basic roles and responsibilities
Contract management Non HR management including fiscal matters Problem solving Man management Satisfaction of customer, Government and public Achievement of project objectives and higher productivity
Project Management as a profession
Technological Bias in selection Emphasis on education and training Fair knowledge of technological requirements Competence of professionals
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