IMS Transaction Message Processing

Unit 6

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5.1

Objectives
Discover the message flow from terminals through IMS/TM or EMH to an MPR and how application programs (MPPs) are scheduled Discover the components and flow of MPPs (message processing programs) Learn a little about the macros that define MPPs to IMS/TM Differentiate BMPs from MPPs and learn about extended checkpoints and restart Learn some of the implications of APPC Identify the functions of OTMA (Open Transaction Manager Access) and IMS Connect

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IMS/TM Message Flow

User Terminal

z/OS VTAM MSG IMS/TM

Receive Task Scheduler Task

IMS/ MPR APPL

.... .... .... .... .... ....

IMS/ MPR APPL

.... .... .... .... .... ....

IMS/ BMP APPL

.... .... .... .... .... ....

IMS/ IFP APPL

.... .... .... .... .... ....

Queue Manager Expedited Message Handler

Message Queue

IMS DB(s)
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Message Classes and Priorities

TRANSACTIONS are assigned two (2) attributes:
Class, and Priority
CLASSES TRANSACTIONS (PRTY)

001

SKILLINQ (8) SKILLUPD (5) PAYROLL (4) INVENT (10) STOKSTAT (8)

002

003

ORDER RECEIVE

(6) (4)

Transactions are "grouped by" priority within class... Class and priority can be changed via /ASSIGN command
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Message "Scheduling"
Application programs are automatically scheduled only into
Message Processing Regions (MPRs) Driven by occurrences of "messages"...
IMS MESSAGE-QUEUE SKILLINQ CLASS=1, PRTY=8

IMS/ MPR1
Classes 2,3,4,1

IMS/ MPR2
Classes 3,4,5,6

IMS/ MPR3
Classes 4,5,6,7

MESSAGE 1

MESSAGE N

SKILLUPD CLASS=1, PRTY=5

MESSAGE 1 MESSAGE M

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IMS SCHEDULER TASK

Scheduled Transaction Flow

// EXEC PGM=DFSRRC00, PARM='MSG,002003004001...'

Control Region

Message Region 1
Application Program: ...

INPUT MESSAGE

DATABASE(S)

OUTPUT MESSAGE

GET MESSAGE ... ... ... ACCESS DB ... ... ... INSERT REPLY GET NEXT MSG TERMINATE

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COBOL Coding Example

READ THE INCOMING MESSAGE: CALL 'CBLTDLI' USING GU, IOPCB, IO-AREA

CHECK THE STATUS CODE:

IF STATUS-CODE = 'QC' END THE PROGRAM - OUT OF MESSAGES HANDLE THE REQUEST: BLAH, BLAH, BLAH. SEND THE REPLY CALL 'CBLTDLI' USING ISRT, IOPCB, IO-AREA. LOOP TO THE TOP TO GET THE NEXT MESSAGE.
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Message Queue "Limit Priority"

Additional factors affecting scheduling
IMS MESSAGE-QUEUE SKILLINQ CLASS=1, PRTY=(8,10,30) PROCLIM =20

TIME 1

TIME 2

TIME 3

MESSAGE 1 MESSAGE N

NORMAL PRIORITY LIMIT PRIORITY LIMIT COUNT QUEUE COUNT

8 10
30 8

8 10
30

8 10 30

30

SKILLUPD CLASS=1, PRTY=(9,12,4) PROCLIM=5

NORMAL PRIORITY
MESSAGE 1 MESSAGE 2

LIMIT PRIORITY LIMIT COUNT QUEUE COUNT

9 12 4 2

9 12 4 1

9 12 4 3

MESSAGE M
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Message Region Options

More scheduling options "Wait-For-Input (WFI)" transactions:
Allows a program to remain scheduled to wait for the next transaction, subject to PROCLIM=

Parallel-scheduling:
Allows the same program to be scheduled in parallel address-spaces at the same time
IF processing a different transaction code Subject to queue-count of each transaction code Upper limit maximum

Preload of application programs into certain regions

Program is "ready and waiting" when application schedules

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Dynamic Transaction Backout

When the program reads the incoming message:
Call 'CBTDLI' using GU, IOPCB...

All updates and messages for the previous transaction are committed.
ABEND

Dynamic transaction backout is invoked automatically when a program abends. Any uncommitted updates or messages are purged when a program abends.

Any uncommitted updates or messages are purged from the system.

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IMS GEN - Message Processing

APPLCTN TRANSACT PSB=INQPGM, PGMTYPE=(TP,,1) CODE=SKILLINQ, PRTY=(8,10,20), PROCLIM=20 PSB=UPDPGM, PGMTYPE=(TP,,1) CODE=SKILLUPD, PRTY=(5,12,4), PROCLIM=5 CODE=SKILLDLT, PRTY=(6,9,20) PSB=ORDPGM, PGMTYPE=(TP,,4) CODE=ORDERENT, PRTY=(8,12,4), SPA=(200) PSB=BILLPGM, PGMTYPE=(TP,,7) CODE=BILLING, PRTY=(12,14,5), SPA=(200) Class Class Class

APPLCTN TRANSACT

TRANSACT APPLCTN TRANSACT

APPLCTN TRANSACT

Class

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Message Processing Programs (MPPs)

SKILLNQ 123456

LTERM SF101

SKILLINQ RESULTS SCREEN

z/OS IMS/TM Control Region

1 2 3
MESSAGE QUEUED IMSMPR2 AVAILABLE IMSMPR1 AVAILABLE CONTROL BLOCKS LOADED HERE... 4. INQPGM LOADED, EXECUTION BEGINS HERE... 5. GET MESSAGE FROM QUEUE... 6. GET DB SEGMENTS FOR INQUIRY... 7. INSERT MESSAGE REPLY BACK TO THE QUEUE 8. TERMINATE 9. SEND MESSAGE FROM QUEUE TO TERMINAL

(Class 2,3,4,1)

IMS/MPR1

IMS/MPR2
(Class 4,5,6,7)

THIS REGION WAITING FOR WORK

PGMLIB
SKILLINQ XXX INVENTUP XXX

PGMLIB
INVPGM VENPGM

RESULTS

INQPGM UPDPGM
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Message Processing Calls

FUNCTION
RETRIEVING MESSAGES: GET UNIQUE GET NEXT

PCB
IO-PCB IO-PCB

CODE
GUbb GNbb

SENDING MESSAGES to ORIGINATING TERMINAL: INSERT

IO-PCB

ISRT

SENDING MESSAGES to ALTERNATE TERMINALS: CHANGE INSERT PURGE CHECKPOINTING of the BATCH APPLICATION: CHECKPOINT SYNC-POINT

ALT-PCB ALT-PCB ALT-PCB

CHNG ISRT PURG

IO-PCB IO-PCB
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CHKP SYNC

Conversational Processing
SCRATCH-PAD AREA
NAME: JOHN DOE ADDR: 123 MAIN CHICAGO ZIP: 60601 ACCT: 12-3456

ORDERENT

BEFORE

'ORDPGM' PROGRAM

ORDERENT 0000 00000000000000 00000000000000 ORDERENT DOE,J 12-3456 000000 00000000000000

AFTER

SCRATCH-PAD AREA
ORDER; 98765 ITEM QTY DESC 1 50 BLUE 2 75 RED 3

BEFORE

'ORDPGM' PROGRAM
AFTER

ORDERENT DOE,J 12-3456 000000 00000000000000 ORDERENT DOE, J 12-3456 98765 50 BLUE 75 RED

SCRATCH-PAD AREA
ORDER: 98765 PRICE: 50.00 TAX : 5.00 TOTAL: 55.00 ORDER COMPLETE

BEFORE

'ORDPGM' PROGRAM
AFTER

ORDERENT DOE, J 12-3456 000000 50 BLUE 75 RED BBBBBBBB DOE, J 12-3456 98765 50 BLUE 75 RED

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Batch Message Processing (BMP) (1 of 2)

Programs are "batch" programs
Submitted when ready by Operations

May or may not access the message queue:

1. Transaction oriented BMP: processes input messages and inserts output reply
BMP address-space JCL parameters (IN= , OUT=)

2. Non-transaction oriented BMP: access databases only

IMSGEN
APPLCTN PSB=HQPGM, PGMTYPE=(BATCH)

TRANSACT CODE=HQUPDT, PRTY=(0) APPLCTN PSB=DB2PGM, PGMTYPE=(BATCH)

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Batch Message Processing (BMP) (2 of 2)

Non-Transaction Oriented BMP
// EXEC PGM=DFSRRC00, PARM='BMP,PGMNAME,PSB,...'

Control Region

Batch Message Region

Application Program: ... ... READ z/OS DATA SET ... ... ACCESS DB(S) ... ... CALL 'CHKP' GET NEXT I/P TERMINATE

DATABASE(S)

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APPC
APPC is the most commonly used SNA protocol when accessing IMS from a CGI program
Conversational Model APPC Supports
Asynchronous Synchronous
interactive

... SEND RCV ...

CGI Pgm
IMS
scheduling

RCV ... SEND

CGI Pgm

IMS SNA
APPC Calls

APPC Calls

APPC Calls GU ... ISRT

SNA
APPC Calls

IMS appl pgm

Standard
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CPIC Driven

IMS APPC Explicit API Flow

CONTROL REGION MPP

IMS
CONFIRM

RECEIVE ... SEND-DATA request

APPC/MVS

APPC/VTAM VTAM BASE

LU 6.2 DEVICE
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APPC Support
APSB (allocate PSB) call
Dynamically allocate a PSB CPIC driven programs have no access to a PSB when scheduled Allows access to IMS resources when application is CPIC driven
DL/I data bases Alternate PCB output

All transaction modes supported for current and modified programs

Conversational Response Non-response

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OTMA and OTMA Callable Interface

IMS Component providing enhanced access to IMS from middleware
SNA Network
TCP/IP MQSeries DCE/RPC

WebSphere

TCP/IP Client

Common Interface (XCF) IMS Data Comm. APPC Comm. (Using XCF)

OTMA Callable Interface

I M S T M

Open Transaction Manager Access (OTMA)

Transaction Manager

IMS Message Queues

Appl. DB2

Appl.

...

Appl.
Open DB Access Facility

IMS Database Manager

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TCP/IP OTMA Connection

Provides improved access via TCP/IP
z/OS
TCP/IP for z/OS
WebSphere

IMS Connect (BPE)

IMS Connector for Java

IMS

OTMA

XCF

TCP/IP
IMS TCP/IP Client

TRAN User Exit DATA User Exit

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IMS Connect
Back-end Services (IMS) Internet
z/OS

TCP/IP
IMS Connect

IMS XCF OTMA

IMS Application Programs

Java Application using IMS Connector for Java

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Unit Summary
Transactions are scheduled as a function of matching classes defined in MPR JCL with the class (CLASS) and priority (PRTY, PROCLIM) assigned to a transaction in an IMSGEN Message processing programs (MPPs) receive messages from terminals by issuing get calls (GU and GN) and return messages with insert calls (ISRT) to an I/O PCB Application transactions are defined in an IMSGEN using APPLCTN and TRANSACT macros BMPs execute during online processing and should also have checkpoint and restart logic APPC programs can contain dynamic allocations of PCBs and are scheduled by IMS, however, other IMS/TM communication processes are bypassed OTMA provides the facility for IMS to communicate with IMS applications other than VTAM, such as TCP/IP IMS Connect provides enhanced TCP/IP support for easy access to IMS from the Internet
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